03.12.

2015
CHE 311 HEAT TRANSFER
Example

Example 1. Water flows through a smooth pipe (D=0.1 m, L=15 m) at a mass-flow rate of 0.4 kg/s.
The inlet temperature is 10oC and the wall temperature is 15oC greater than water
temperature along the pipe. Calculate the outlet temperature of the water.

Solution 1.

+ 15
Tw = T

D = 0.1 m, L = 15 m
m = 0.4 kg/s

q = m Cp (Tb Ta ) = hi Ai Ti

Tb must be assumed.

1. assumption Tb = 40
=
T

Ta + Tb 10 + 40
=
= 25
2
2

Cp
k
Pr
w

= 9.456 x 104 kg/ms

= 996.91 kg/m3
= 4179 j/kg
= 0.6057 W/m
= 6.498
= 6.424 x 104 kg/ms

Properties of water at 25

Re =

Tw = 25 + 15 = 40

(at 40)

D
4 m
4 (0.4 kg/s)
=
=

D (0.1 m) (9.456 x 104 kg )

ms

Re = 5388.69

L 15 m
=
= 150
D 0.1 m

Transition region

From Figure 13
JH=0.00387

(for L/D=150)

Cp 2/3 w 0.14
h

JH =

k
Cp G

m
0.4 kg/s
kg
=
= 50.96 2
S
m /s
(0.1m)2
4

G=

w
6.424 x 104 kg/ms
=
= 0.68

9.456 x 104 kg/ms

2/3
j
4 kg
4179

9.456
x
10
h
kg
ms
0.00387 =

(0.68)0.14
W
j
kg
0.6057

4179
50.96 2
m
kg
m /s

h = 249.4 W/m2

)
m Cp (Tb Ta ) = hi Di L (Tw T
0.4

kg
j
10 + Tb
W
4179
(Tb 10) = 249.4 2 (0.1 m) (15 m) (40
)
s
kg
m
2

Tb = 25.6 40

2. assumption Tb = 25.6
=
T

Ta + Tb 10 + 25.6
=
= 17.8
2
2

Cp
k
Pr
w

= 1.06 x 103 kg/ms

= 998.11 kg/m3
= 4183 j/kg
= 0.598 W/m
= 7.436
= 7.65 x 104 kg/ms

Properties of water at 17.8

Re =

Tw = 17.8 + 15 = 32.8

(at 32.8)

D
4 m
4 (0.4 kg/s)
=
=

D (0.1 m) (1.06 x 103 kg )

ms

Re = 4804.67

Transition region

L 15 m
=
= 150
D 0.1 m

From Figure 13
JH=0.0038

(for L/D=150)

Cp 2/3 w 0.14
h

JH =
k
Cp G

G=

0.4 kg/s
kg
m
=
= 50.96 2
m /s
S
(0.1m)2
4

w
7.65 x 104 kg/ms
=
= 0.72

1.06 x 103 kg/ms

0.00380 =

j
kg
4183
50.96 2
kg
m /s

h = 223.2 W/m2

4183

2/3
j
kg
1.06 x 103
kg
ms
(0.72)0.14
W
0.598

)
m Cp (Tb Ta ) = hi Di L (Tw T
0.4

j
10 + Tb
kg
W
4183
(Tb 10) = 223.2 2 (0.1 m) (15 m) (32.8
)
kg
s
m
2

Tb = 20.9 25.6

3. assumption Tb = 20.9

Assumptions must be continued until Tb Tb