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Procedia Engineering 127 (2015) 909 915

International Conference on Computational Heat and Mass Transfer-2015

Effect of Thermo-Diffusion, Thermal Radiation, Radiation

Absorption on Convective Flow of Past Stretching Sheet in a
Rotating Fluid
a,

B. Haritha * , R. Bhuvana vijaya , Dr. D. R. V. Prasada Rao

a,b

Department of mathematics, J.N.T.U.A.Engineering college,Anantapur-5l500l, A.P,India

c
S. K. university, Department of Mathematicsanantapur 5l5003, A. P, India

Abstract
We investigate the combined influence of thermal radiation, thermo-diffusion and radiation absorption on convective
heat and mass transfer flow of a rotating viscous electrically conducting fluid past a stretching sheet. The equations governing the
flow of heat and mass transfer have been solved by Galerkin finite element analysis with three nodded line segment. The flow
characteristics have been analyzed for different values of N 1, S0, Q1 and R.
2015 The
Authors.
Elsevierby
Ltd.
This is an
open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
2015
ThePublished
Authors. by
Published
Elsevier
B.V.
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ICCHMT 2015.
Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ICCHMT 2015
Keywords: Radiation, Soret effect, Rotating fluid and Radiation absorption.

1. Introduction
The phenomena of free convection arise in the fluid when temperature changes cause density variation
leading to buoyancy forces acting on the fluid elements. In natural process and industrial applications many
transport processes exist where transfer of heat and mass takes place simultaneously as a result of combined
buoyancy effects of thermal diffusion and diffusion of chemical species. The process of heat and mass transfer is

* B. Haritha. Tel.: 8520883227.

E-mail address: kkluckii@gmail.com

1877-7058 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).
Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ICCHMT 2015

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.11.360

B. Haritha et al. / Procedia Engineering 127 (2015) 909 915

encountered in fluid fuel nuclear reaction, chemical process industries and many engineering applications in which
fluid is considered to be the working medium.
Laminar boundary layer behavior over a moving continuous and linearly stretching surface is a significant
type of flow has considerable practical applications in engineering, electrochemistry (Chin [18], Gorla [19]) and
polymer processing, (Griffith [20], Erickson et. al. [21]). Another interesting application of hydro magnetic to
metallurgy lies in the purification of molten metals from non-metallic inclusions by the application of a magnetic
field. The study of heat and mass transfer is necessary for the determining the quantity of the final product. The
effect of chemical reaction on free convective flow and mass transfer of a viscous, incompressible and electrically
conducting fluid over a stretching sheet was investigated by Afify [2] in the presence of a transverse magnetic field.
We are particularly interested in cases in which diffusion and chemical reaction occur at roughly the same speed.
When diffusion is much faster than chemical reaction, then only chemical factors influence the chemical reaction
rate; when diffusion is not much faster than reaction, the diffusion and kinetics interact to produce very different
effects. The Soret effect for instance , has been utilized for isotope separation and in mixtures between gases with
very low molecular weight (H 2,He) and the medium molecular weight (N 2,air) the Soret effect was found to be of a
magnitude just it cannot be neglected. (Eckert and Drake [11]). Postelnicu [15] studied simultaneous heat and mass
transfer by natural convection from a vertical plate embedded in an electrically conducting fluid saturated porous
medium in the presence of soret and dufour effects using Darcy-Boussinesq model. Hayat et al. [22] presented a
mathematical model in order to study the heat and mass transfer characteristics in mixed convection boundary layer
flow about a linear stretching vertical sheet in a porous medium filled with a viscoelastic fluid, by taking in to
account of diffusion-thermo (dufour) and thermal diffusion (soret) effects. Recently, Shateyi et al. [17] investigated
influence of magnetic field on heat and mass transfer by mixed convection from vertical surfaces in the presence
Hall currents, Soret-Dufour effects and thermal radiation in porous medium. The effect of radiation on MHD flow
and heat transfer problem has become more important industrially. At high operation temperature, radiation effect
can be quite significant. Many processes in engineering areas occur at high temperature and knowledge of radiation
heat transfer becomes very important for the design of the pertinent equipment. Recent developments in hypersonic
flights, nuclear power plant gas turbines and various propulsion devices for aircraft, missiles, satellites and space
vehicles have focused attention of researchers on thermal radiation as a mode energy transfer, and emphasized the
need for inclusion of radiative transfer in these processes. The study of radiation effects on the various types of flow
is quite complicated. The interaction of radiation with mixed convection flow past a vertical plate was investigated
by Hossain and Takhar [13]. Rao and Babu [12] analyzed the effects of radiation and mass transfer on flow past
semi-infinite moving vertical plate with viscous dissipation. Heat and mass transfer effects on moving plate in the
presence of thermal radiation have been studied by Muthucumarswamy and Senthil [14] using Laplace technique.
In this paper we make an attempt to investigate the effect of coriolice force, radiative flux, radiation
absorption and thermo-diffusion on convective heat and mass transfer flow past stretching sheet in a rotating fluid
using Galerkin finite element analysis, non-linear coupled governing equations have been solved and the effect of
various parameters on all the flow characteristics have been discussed

2.
3. Formulation of the Problem
We consider the steady flow of an incompressible,
viscous
,electrically conducting rotating fluid past a flat surface which is assuming
from a horizontal slit on a vertical surface and is stretched with a velocity
proportional to distance from a fixed origin O. We choose a stationary frame
of reference O(x, y, z) such that x-axis is along the direction of motion of the
stretching surface, y-axis is normal to this surface and z-axis is transverse to
the xy-plane. A uniform magnetic field in the presence of fluid flow induces
the current (J x ,0, J z )

Figure 1: physical configuration of the problem

The governing equations with Hall effects and Roseland approximation

eH O2

2u

u
u

u
v 2 w

x
y

w
x

2 u

y2
m2

T
T
Cp

u
kf
w
z
x
C
C
x
2

2 H 2
)

) Dm

(mOu
w)

(2)

l
T
l6
Ql C C
2 Q

y
T
H
3

2
C
v

(l)

2w

(u

(u mw) g(T T ) g(C C )

l
2
m

w
u

T
y

(3)

2
R

2T
kO (C C )
DT

(4)

y
2

Where T is the temperature and C is the concentration in the fluid. kf is the thermal conductivity, Cp is the specific
heat at constant pressure,

is the coefficient of thermal expansion,

is the volumetric expansion

with

concentration, Q is the radiation absorption coefficient, qr is the radiative heat flux, kO is the chemical reaction
l
*

coefficient, Dm is the molecular viscosity, o is the Stephen Boltzmann constant, R is the mean absorption
coefficient, DT is the coefficient of thermal-diffusion.
The boundary conditions for this problem can be written as

u bx,v w O,T Tw,C

Cw

at y O

(5)

u w O,T T ,C
C

as y

(6)

Where b>O.The boundary conditions on the velocity in (5) are the no-slip conditions at the surface at y=O,while the
boundary conditions on the velocity as y follow from the fact that there is no flow far away from the
stretching surface. The temperature and species concentration are maintained at a prescribed constant values T w and
Cw at the sheet and are assumed to vanish far away from the sheet.
On introducing the similarity variables

b y , u bx f () , v

Equations (l)-(4) reduces to

f () , w bx g() , ()

T
T

Tw T
2

, ()

C
C Cw
C

(7)

M
( f mg) 2Rf
l O
2
m

f f f f 2 G( N)

g fg ( f

M 2 )g mM
l
l
2
2
m
m

f 2Rg
O

Pl f l Ql N 2 N 2 O
Sc( f ) Sc So O

(8)

(9)

(lO)
(ll)

and the boundary conditions (5)&(6) are now obtained from (7) as

f (O)
l,

f (O)
O

. (O) (O)
O

f ( ) g( ) ( ) O

(l2)

(l3)

Where G

gT T

b2 x

e2 H02

(Grashof number), M

C w C (Buoyancy ratio), N
1
Tw T
4
Q 1 C w C k

bx

(Hartmann number),

(Radiation parameter),

Q1

b T w T

(Radiation absorption parameter), Sc

(Schmidt number),

k0
(Chemical reaction parameter), R

(Rotation parameter),

So

(Heat Source parameter)

DT (Tw T ) (Soret parameter),

QH
Cw C

N2

k f b xT

3N1
, P1 PN 2
3N1 4

For the computational purpose and without loss of generality has been fixed as 8.The whole domain is
divided into 11 line elements of equal width, each element being three nodded.

4. Method of Solution
The finite element analysis with quadratic polynomial approximation functions is carried out. The
behaviour of the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles has been discussed computationally for different
variations in governing parameters. The Galerkin method has been adopted in the variational formulation in each
element to obtain the global coupled matrices for the velocity, temperature and concentration in course of the finite
k
element analysis. Choosing an arbitrary element ek and letf' ,gk, 8kand kbe the values of f, g, 0, in the element
ek. We define the error residuals as
M 2
k
k
k
Ek f= ( f k )(1 2R)uk ) G( k NC k )
(14)
(g ) (Q ) (Q )
i, j

i
i

1m

1, j

2, j

E g= (gi, j ) (1 2R)( fi
k

Ek 0= (e

i, j
k

mM 2

Ek = (li, j )(i )

Sc(ui

i
k0

Where

)( k ) P(uk ) Q
N
i
k

1 m (ui ) (R1, j ) (R2, j )

(15)

(S

) (S k
)

1, j
k

2, j
k

(16)
k

)(i ) ScSo(m i, j )(i ) (T1, j ) (T2, j

k
k
k
k
) k

( fi, j ) , (gi, j ) , (i, j

(i, j ) ,

(17)

(ei, j )

(li, j )

m
k

are
k

3x3
k

matric
k

es
k

and
k

.
k

i, j

(Q1, jj ), (Q2, jj ), (R1, jj ), (R1, jj ), (S1, jj ), (S1, jj ), (T1, jj ) and . are 3x1 column matrices and such stiffness
(T1, jj )
matrices (14)-(17) in terms of local nodes in each element are assembled using inter element continuity and
equilibrium conditions to obtain the coupled global matrices in terms of the global node values of h, f, g, and .In
case we choose n quadratic elements then the global matrices are of order 2n+1.

5. Results Analysis
The equations have been solved numerically by fourth order Runge-Kutta method. The velocity,
temperature, concentration, the rate of heat and mass transfer are analysed for different values ofN 1, S0, Q1and R.

1.2

1.2

0.8

0.8

1.2

1
0.8
Q 1=2.5,0.5,1.5,3.5

f ' 0.6

f ' 0.6

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.2

0.2

0.2

f ' 0.6
N1 = 0.5,1.5,5,10

R=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8

Fig. 2: Effect of Radiation

Fig.3:
Fig.4:
Effect
Effect
of Soret
of Radiation
Parameter Nlon axial parameter So on
absorption
axial
parameter Ql
velocity ( f).
velocity (f).

Fig.5: Effect of Rotation

parameter R on axial on axial velocity (f).

0.14

0.12

0.12

0.12

0.1

0.1

velocity (f).

0.1
Q 1=0.5,1.5,2.5,3.5

0.08

0.08

0.08
g

N1 = 0.5,1.5,5,10

g 0.06

g 0.06

0.04

0.04

R=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8

0.06
0.04

0.02

0.02
0

0.02

0
0

0
0

Fig.6: Effect of Radiation

Fig.7: Effect of Soret
Parameter Nl on cross flow velocity parameter So on cross flow
(g).
velocity (g).

Fig.8: Effect of Radiation

absorption parameter Ql on
Cross flow velocity (g).

1.2

1.2

Fig.9: Effect of Rotation

parameter R on cross flow
velocity (g).

1.2
1
0.8

0.8

0.8
N1 = 0.5,1.5,5,10

0.6

Q 1=0.5,1.5,2.5,3.5

0.6

0.6

R=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8

0.4

0.4

0.4
0.2

0.2

0.2
0

0
0

Fig.lO: Effect of Radiation

Parameter Nl on Temperature
(0).

Fig.ll: Effect of Soret

Parameter So on
Temperature (0).

1.2

0.8

0.60
6

0.60
0

Fig.l4: Effect of Radiation

Fig.l5:
Fig. l6:
Effect
Effect
of Soret
of Radiation
Parameter Nl on
Parameter So absorption
on
parameter Ql on
Concentration ().
Concentration ().
0.4

0.4

0.2

0.2

0.4

0.2

R=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8

6. Conclusions

Fig. l7: Effect of Rotation

parameter R on Concentration ().

Q1=0.5,1.5,2.5,3.5

N1 = 0.5,1.5,5,10

0.8

0.60
4

1.2

0.8

Fig.l2: Effect of Radiation Fig.l3: Effect of Rotation

Parameter R on.
absorption Parameter Ql on
Temperature (0)
Temperature (0).

1.2

-0.2

Concentration ().

The conclusions of the analysis are an increase in the radiation parameter Nl enhances the cross flow

velocity(g) and reduces the axial velocity(f ), temperature(0) & concentration() (fig.2, 6, lO, l4). The rate of heat
transfer reduces while the rate of mass transfer enhances with increase in Nl. Higher the thermo-diffusion effect
,
larger the axial velocity f, cross velocity g, the temperature 0 and concentration (fig.3, 7, ll, l5). The rate of heat
and mass transfer enhances with increase in soret parameter S O.With respect to the radiation parameter Ql, we find
that the cross flow velocity g, the temperature 0, the concentration enhances and reduces the axial velocity f with
increase in Ql (fig.4, 8, l2, l6). An increase inQl, results in a reduction in the rate of heat and mass transfer at the

wall z = O.An increase in the rotation parameter R reduces the axial velocity(f ), temperature(0), concentration()
and enhances the cross flow velocity(g) (fig.5, 9, l3, l7).

The rate of heat transfer enhances and mass transfer reduces on the wall with increase in the rotation
parameter R. Higher the radiative heat flux larger the thickness of the momentum boundary layer, thermal boundary
layer, concentration boundary layer, which in turn enhances f, g, 0, . The variation of f, g, 0, with soret
parameter So shows that an increase in So enhances the thickness of the momentum, thermal and concentration
boundary layer which results in enhancing the axial velocity f, cross flow velocity g, the temperature 0 and
concentration . Also an increase in So, increases the rate of heat and mass transfer on the wall z = 0. An increase in
radiation absorption parameter Ql. Higher the radiation absorption Ql, larger the thickness of the momentum of
thermal boundary layer and smaller the concentration boundary layer. This means that f, g, 0 enhances and
reduces with increasingQl. The rate of heat and mass transfer decreases on the wall z = 0 reduces in magnitude with
increasing Ql.the variation of f, g, 0, with rotation parameter R shows that higher the coriolice larger the
thickness of the momentum, thermal and concentration boundary layer, which indicates that an increment in f, 0,
and decrease in the cross flow velocity g. The rate of heat and mass transfer on the wall z = 0 reduces with increase
in the rotation parameter R (Tables l&2).
Table.l: Nusselt number (Nu)
G

II

III

IV

VI

VII

VIII

IX

l0
30
50
Nl
S0
Ql
R

0.3944
0.46l6
0.46l6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.2

0.35l2
0.4l29
0.4506
l.5
0.5
0.5
0.2

0.3l49
0.38l9
0.44l6
5
0.5
0.5
0.2

0.4356
0.4987
0.5657
0.5
l.5
0.5
0.2

0.4986
0.5245
0.6l23
0.5
2.5
0.5
0.2

0.38l
0.4506
0.48l2
0.5
0.5
l.5
0.2

0.3762
0.4486
0.4656
0.5
0.5
2.5
0.2

0.6042
0.7274
0.8l2l
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.4

0.6356
0.765l
0.8534
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6

II

III

IV

VI

VII

VIII

IX

l0
30
50
Nl
S0
Ql
R

l.2985
l.4556
l.5682
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.2

l.3429
l.48l2
l.59l6
l.5
0.5
0.5
0.2

l.3906
l.4996
l.6226
5
0.5
0.5
0.2

l.3256
l.4989
l.6234
0.5
l.5
0.5
0.2

l.3897
l.5647
l.6678
0.5
2.5
0.5
0.2

l.2993
l.4563
l.5686
0.5
0.5
l.5
0.2

l.30l7
l.4586
l.5709
0.5
0.5
2.5
0.2

l.2806
l.4269
l.532l
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.4

l.2657
l.4045
l.5048
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6

Table .2: Sherwood number (Sh)

7. Comparison
In the absence of rotation (R = 0) and heat sources (a = 0), the results are in good agreement with
Sreerangavani et al (9).

Acknowledgement
We are thank full to the referee for their suggestions in the improvement of the paper.

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INSTITUCIN UNIVERSITARIA PASCUAL BRAVO

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