Chap 006

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity
Chapter 06
Judaism and the Rise of Christianity
Multiple Choice Questions

1. The beliefs of Judaism helped to shape the religion of Christianity and
A. Buddhism.
B. Islam.
C. Zoroastrianism.
D. Shintoism.
2. Christians refer to the Jewish Bible as the

A. Old Testament.
B. New Testament.
C. Torah.
D. Pseudepigrapha.
3. According to tradition, the first patriarch to settle in Canaan was

A. Moses.
B. Abraham.
C. Aaron.
D. Adam.
4. In their early years, the Hebrews can be described as

A. a national people possessed of a homeland.
B. a matriarchal clan.
C. a wandering clan.
D. living in small city-states similar to those of the Greeks.
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5. One of the characteristics that distinguished the Hebrews' deity from other Mesopotamian
deities was the way the deity
A. was identified as a human figure.
B. was an ethical god who was committed to justice and righteousness.
C. had minor gods and goddesses to help.
D. claimed to have been born, died, and come back to life.
6. The outward sign of the covenant between God and the Hebrews was
A. special hair styles for men and women.
B. the circumcision of all male children.
C. distinctive clothing worn by men and women.
D. unique hats for men, and concealing garments for women.
7. Which of the following kings of Israel centralized the government and shifted the economy
away from herding and toward commerce, trade, and farming?
A. Saul
B. Solomon
C. Moses
D. David
8. According to the Bible, Moses

A. led the Hebrews in the exodus from Egypt.
B. received a law code, including the Ten Commandments, from God.
C. molded his followers into a unified people under a strict ethical code.
D. All these answers are correct.
9. What made Jewish law different from other ancient law codes?
A. It claimed to be received from a deity.
B. It was presented in writing.
C. It made no distinction between religious and secular offenses.
D. It was a vengeance code, an "eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth".
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10. The Ten Commandments were seen as a

A. device to get the Hebrews to form military alliances.
B. social covenant between the tribal leaders and their followers.
C. set of strict dietary rules.
D. renewed contract between the Hebrews and their deity.
11. Which of the following was NOT a Hebrew name for God?
A. YHWH
B. Allah
C. Yahweh
D. Adonai
12. The Hebrews scored what literary achievement during the reign of Solomon?
A. some of the earliest historical writings
B. the first written tragedies
C. the first written epics
D. the first novels
13. How did the Hebrew historians differ from the Greek historians?
A. The Hebrew writers made God the central force in human history, unlike the secularminded Greek authors.
B. The Hebrew writers composed oral works, unlike the Greek authors, who wrote on scrolls.
C. The Hebrew writers wrote history in poetic forms, unlike the Greek authors, who
composed in prose.
D. The Hebrew writers wrote scientific history; the Greek authors wrote religious history.
14. The two civilizations that gravely threatened the ancient Jews after 168 BCE were the
A. Hellenic and Persian.
B. Hellenistic and Roman.
C. Canaanite and Egyptian.
D. Hittite and Syrian.
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15. Which term means concern with the end of the world?
A. apocalypse
B. Messiah
C. eschatology
D. covenant
16. Which of the following is a symbol of the plight of the Jewish people?
A. the Temple of Solomon
B. the Diaspora
C. the Ark of the Covenant
D. the Wailing Wall
17. The ancient Jews borrowed from Zoroastrianism the notion of

A. a cosmic dualism.
B. apocalypse.
C. a chosen people.
D. a universal deity.
18. The Zealots were Jewish

A. revolutionaries who committed mass suicide at Masada rather than be conquered by
Romans.
B. exiles taken into captivity in Babylon.
C. leaders who preached the message of social justice.
D. ascetics who retreated into the desert to await the coming of the Messiah.
19. A famous episode in Flavius Josephus's History of the Jewish War is the
A. exile of the Hebrews in Egypt.
B. Babylonian Captivity.
C. Maccabean revolt.
D. burning of the Temple in Jerusalem.
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20. The Second Commandment forbade

A. the killing of a human being.
B. graven images.
C. the worshipping of other deities.
D. theft.
21. The biblical books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy constitute
the
A. Torah.
B. Gospels.
C. Prophets.
D. Epistles.
22. An early artistic symbol of the Christian faith was

A. the shepherd with his flock as an image of Jesus and the church.
B. a mother with a child as a representation of Mary and Jesus.
C. thirteen male figures around a table as a symbol of the Last Supper.
D. Jesus hanging on a cross.
23. The word diaspora means

A. promise.
B. dispersion.
C. grief.
D. homeland.
24. Rabbinic Judaism evolved out of the tradition of

A. tribal chieftains conducting Jewish religious services.
B. teachers heading up congregations.
C. interpreters of the New Testament deciding ways to worship.
D. women participating in ceremonies.
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25. In the early Christian church, who had jurisdiction over territories called dioceses?
A. bishops
B. missionaries
C. priests
D. monks
26. Which Jewish practice or belief was accepted by the early Christians?
A. circumcision
B. the Jewish calendar
C. prohibition against depicting God or any earthly creatures in art
D. the Christian liturgy (prayers, Bible reading, singing of the psalms)
27. Christianity began in

A. Egypt.
B. Judea.
C. Greece.
D. Italy.
28. A major source for the life of Jesus is

A. the Gospels.
B. his autobiography, called the Confessions.
C. the records of Roman authorities.
D. the records of Jewish authorities.
29. What are the earliest writings in the New Testament?

A. the letters of Paul
B. the Gospels
C. the Book of Revelation
D. the Acts of the Apostles
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30. The Gospels of the New Testament can be described as

A. secular histories in the style of Greek historians.
B. the writings of men who heard about Jesus two centuries after he lived.
C. the work of a few who wrote about Jesus around 70 BCE.
D. a collection of works with no central themes, written from many points of view.
31. The Acts of the Apostles described which of the following as a turning point in Christian
history?
A. the teaching career of Jesus
B. the opening of Christianity to gentiles
C. the crucifixion of Jesus
D. the shift from Greek to Latin in the church
32. Paul's letters constitute

A. a factual account of the life and teachings of Jesus.
B. the first Christian theology.
C. an early attempt to patch up differences between Christians and Jews.
D. an exchange of letters between Jesus and Paul.
33. Paul's interpretation of the life of Jesus was based on the Jewish scripture about
A. the Suffering Servant.
B. Job.
C. David.
D. Moses.
34. Which of the following was a key teaching of Paul in his letters?
A. the idea that Adam's first sin tainted all humankind
B. the belief that Jesus' death atoned for the sins of humankind
C. the concept that human redemption was dependent on faith in Jesus and his sacrifice
D. All these answers are correct.
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35. The New Testament was originally written in

A. Hebrew.
B. Aramaic.
C. Greek.
D. Latin.
36. Which Christian belief was adopted from early Judaism?

A. God is a Trinity with three aspects.
B. God will reward the faithful and punish sinners in an afterlife.
C. God demands social justice for all people.
D. God's covenant is with the human race.
37. Which Jewish religious practice was NOT adopted by the early Christians?
A. the rite of baptism
B. the observance of dietary laws
C. the use of hymns, prayers, and Bible reading as part of the liturgy
D. the idea of the Sabbath
38. Zoroastrianism contributed to Christianity the

A. celebration of Easter.
B. belief that Jesus was born of a virgin.
C. concept of Satan as the personification of evil.
D. idea of the resurrection.
39. What Stoic idea was incorporated into early Christianity?

A. the universal kinship of humanity
B. the salvation of the human race through the sacrifice of a savior
C. the superiority of the spiritual realm to the physical world
D. the stress on duty to family and the demands of the state
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40. Which of the following terms identifies the marble tombs used by early Christians?
A. frescoes
B. sarcophagi
C. catacombs
D. vaults
41. The Roman philosopher Celsus ridiculed Christianity because its early membership
included
A. many aristocratic men and women.
B. many middle-class traders and merchants and their families.
C. many women and slaves.
D. people drawn from every social class.
42. Which of the following is NOT among the churches to which Paul directed one of his
letters?
A. Ephesus
B. Alexandria
C. Corinth
D. Thessalonica
43. Why did early Christianity appeal to women?

A. It offered a refuge from the cruelty of Roman society.
B. It allowed them to become priests.
C. It made divorce legal.
D. It promised sexual equality in church government.
44. Tertullian's attitudes made him

A. a supporter of tolerance toward non-Christians.
B. one of the early advocates of women in the Christian church.
C. the leader of a minor sect that called for co-operation with the Roman government.
D. an outspoken critic of the Greco-Roman humanistic heritage.
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45. Vibia Perpetua is remembered in early Christianity as one of the first women
A. writers of philosophical tracts.
B. saints.
C. priests.
D. missionaries.
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Essay Questions
46. In what ways did the Hebrews consider themselves different from the other tribes in the
Middle East, and how did these differences affect the Hebrews' religious outlook?
Answers will vary
47. Discuss the characteristics of Jewish social and familial relations. How did they change
over time?
Answers will vary
48. Define Rabbinic Judaism, and note its impact on the history of Judaic thought and
practices.
Answers will vary
49. How did St. Paul contribute to early Christian theology?

Answers will vary
50. Discuss the evolving role of women in Hebrew society.

Answers will vary
51. Describe the life and career of Jesus as outlined in early Christian writings. What sources
provide information about his life, and when and by whom were they written?
Answers will vary
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52. How did Judaism influence early Christianity?

Answers will vary
53. What were the primary differences between Judaism and Christianity?
Answers will vary
54. What impact did Greco-Roman religions and philosophy has on early Christianity?
Answers will vary
55. Discuss the shifting nature of Christian-Roman relationships from the time of Jesus to the
late third century, noting attitudes on both sides and their respective responses to each other.
Answers will vary
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Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

Multiple Choice Questions

2. Christians refer to the Jewish Bible as the

3. According to tradition, the first patriarch to settle in Canaan was

4. In their early years, the Hebrews can be described as

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

8. According to the Bible, Moses

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

10. The Ten Commandments were seen as a

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

17. The ancient Jews borrowed from Zoroastrianism the notion of

18. The Zealots were Jewish

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

20. The Second Commandment forbade

22. An early artistic symbol of the Christian faith was

23. The word diaspora means

24. Rabbinic Judaism evolved out of the tradition of

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

27. Christianity began in

28. A major source for the life of Jesus is

29. What are the earliest writings in the New Testament?

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

30. The Gospels of the New Testament can be described as

32. Paul's letters constitute

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

35. The New Testament was originally written in

36. Which Christian belief was adopted from early Judaism?

38. Zoroastrianism contributed to Christianity the

39. What Stoic idea was incorporated into early Christianity?

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

43. Why did early Christianity appeal to women?

44. Tertullian's attitudes made him

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

49. How did St. Paul contribute to early Christian theology?

50. Discuss the evolving role of women in Hebrew society.

Chapter 06 - Judaism and the Rise of Christianity

52. How did Judaism influence early Christianity?

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