Chap 003

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age
Chapter 03
Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age
Multiple Choice Questions

1. During the Hellenic Age, a dominant feature of Greek society was
A. cooperation among the Greek poleis.
B. instability within each polis.
C. the building of walls around the Aegean.
D. equality between men and women.
2. One of the ideals the Greeks strived for was a

A. unified Greek state.
B. uniform religion with one major deity.
C. balance or moderation in life.
D. recognition in life that all human beings are equal.
3. To the Greeks, which two gods manifested the extremes of moderation and excess?
A. Apollo and Dionysus
B. Zeus and Hera
C. Apollo and Athena
D. Mars and Aphrodite
4. In a famous speech, Pericles boasted that Athens

A. had the best Olympic team in Greece.
B. was the model for Greece.
C. dominated the rest of Greece.
D. had the best theater in Greece.
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5. Why was Athens unable to win the war of attrition against Sparta?
A. Sparta was able to burn crops for miles around Athens and starve the city.
B. Sparta possessed vastly superior naval forces.
C. A plague devastated the city of Athens.
D. Sparta was able to ally with the Persians and tip the balance of forces in its favor.
6. The primary cause of the Peloponnesian War was

A. the rise of Sparta.
B. Athens's growing might and precarious military alliances.
C. the emergence of Thebes.
D. the threat from Philip of Macedonia.
7. What development followed the death of Alexander with respect to Athens?

A. Athens was destroyed and abandoned.
B. Athens fought the Macedonians to a standstill and was allowed to govern itself in exchange
for heavy taxes.
C. Athens rebelled and gained independence from the Macedonians.
D. Athens was conquered by the Macedonians, and an aristocratic government was installed.
8. The dream of Alexander the Great was to

A. create a united world based on Greek and Persian culture.
B. set up an international league of city-states.
C. destroy all cultures except the Greek culture.
D. fuse African and Macedonian civilizations.
9. A common goal of the arts in classical Greece was to

A. have everyone conform to a uniform way of thinking.
B. strive toward perfection, an ideal form.
C. have a balanced view of public and private life.
D. preserve the best of the past.
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10. Greek drama had which of the following features?

A. The plays were full of on-stage action.
B. It affirmed a basic moral order to the world.
C. Most of the dramas were based on current political events.
D. The plays had many characters and elaborate scenery.
11. Aristotle's Poetics claims that the purpose of tragedy is to

A. bring about catharsis.
B. entertain.
C. provide civic spectacle.
D. supplement religious rites.
12. The Oresteia trilogy involved

A. three individuals caught in a planned single murder.
B. three short stories.
C. many moral issues.
D. a romantic tale of love.
13. In Sophocles' Antigone, Antigone opposes Creon because Creon

A. places the state's law above the divine.
B. plans revenge for the murder of his parents.
C. wants Antigone to be his wife.
D. plans an invasion of the city of Athens.
14. Euripides wrote plays that can be described as

A. satiric studies of Greek manners.
B. always having a happy ending.
C. dealing with the lives of ordinary Greek citizens.
D. often skeptical about religion.
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15. The comic playwright who satirized Socrates as a hopeless dreamer was
A. Aristotle.
B. Agisthenes.
C. Aristophanes.
D. Aeschylus.
16. The primary feature of the Old Comedy of Greece, and its chief legacy, was
A. comic plots centered around orphans.
B. realistic costumes appropriate to the characters.
C. political criticism.
D. women playing comic roles.
17. In the play Lysistrata, Aristophanes has the women of Athens and Sparta withhold sex
from their husbands
A. as a means of birth control.
B. because they feared sexually transmitted diseases in time of war.
C. to protest the absurdity of war.
D. to protect their cities against the ravages of the Persian armies.
18. The Greeks believed that music

A. was entertaining and fun.
B. served ethical and educational functions.
C. was basically expressive and emotional.
D. was simply the product of human creativity and innovation.
19. The two founders of Greek historical writing were

A. Empedocles and Pythagoras.
B. Sophocles and Euripides.
C. Herodotus and Thucydides.
D. Plattus and Matthedides.
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20. The best surviving history of the Peloponnesian War was written by which eyewitness?
A. Pericles
B. Sophocles
C. Thucydides
D. Aristophanes
21. Thucydides was a forerunner of more recent historians in that he was concerned with
A. cause and effect.
B. the role of the gods in war.
C. interviewing the participants in the war with Persia.
D. the primary sources in the library at Alexandria.
22. The Sophists could be described in all of the following ways EXCEPT as
A. teachers who claimed that they could make their students successful.
B. critics of pre-Socratic philosophy.
C. developers of atomistic theories.
D. proponents of humanistic values.
23. Protagoras is famous for saying

A. "Man's life is but a dream".
B. "No man is an island to himself".
C. "Eat, drink, and be merry, for tomorrow we die".
D. "Man is the measure of all things".
24. Socrates criticized the Sophists for their

A. inability to present a reasoned argument.
B. belief in the Olympian deities.
C. rejection of an enduring moral order in the universe.
D. All these answers are correct.
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25. What did Socrates mean by "Virtue is Knowledge"?

A. Everyone who does good will be rewarded in heaven.
B. If one knows what is good, one will not commit evil acts.
C. Everyone will reach understanding if they have faith.
D. Being virtuous is all one needs to exist.
26. Socrates was accused of

A. aiding Athens's enemies during the Peloponnesian War.
B. corrupting the youth of Athens.
C. refusing to swear loyalty to the Athenian government.
D. not paying his debts.
27. The Socratic method of teaching can be described as a

A. step-by-step memorization process to learn terms.
B. process of asking questions to expose limitations in knowledge.
C. progression of theories based on numbers.
D. line of argument that refutes all basic values.
28. The life of Socrates is known mainly through

A. his autobiography.
B. Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War.
C. Plato's dialogues.
D. Plutarch's Lives.
29. Plato's most important contribution to Western philosophy was his

A. theory of numbers.
B. establishment of the philosophical basis of Western idealism.
C. establishment of the Academy.
D. atomic theory.
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30. In the Republic, Plato created

A. an ideal society under a government run by soldiers.
B. an ideal society run by philosopher-kings.
C. a capitalist economic system.
D. a utopian land of peace and plenty.
31. Xenophon reasoned that married women's responsibilities included all of the following
EXCEPT
A. managing the husband's estate.
B. bearing children.
C. submitting to the husband's will in all things.
D. carrying out domestic chores.
32. Unlike Plato, Aristotle

A. ignored the way that the world operated.
B. thought that the senses were to be ignored.
C. believed that form and matter were inseparable.
D. was not interested in politics.
33. Which of the following is NOT a way in which Aristotle has influenced Western thought?
A. Middle Ages Christian, Muslim, and Jewish scholars regarded his writings as containing
authoritative teachings on the natural world.
B. His ethical writings became the prevailing moral code of the West.
C. His logic is still taught in college philosophy courses.
D. His ideas were later accepted as authoritative by the Roman Catholic Church.
34. Who is known as the "father of medicine"?

A. Socrates
B. Hippocrates
C. Aristotle
D. Herodotus
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35. In what way did the western Greek architects differ from eastern Greek architects?
A. They embraced Ionic architecture more completely.
B. They hewed more closely to Doric architecture.
C. They were more experimental.
D. They adopted rectilinear temple form.
36. Aristophanes' Lysistrata principally criticizes

A. Greek colonial expansion.
B. the Persian Wars.
C. the Peloponnesian War.
D. the Spartan way of life.
37. The central temple on the Acropolis was the

A. Erechtheum.
B. Parthenon.
C. Pantheon.
D. Athena Nike.
38. The Parthenon has become one of the most important architectural landmarks in the West
for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that
A. it embodies the ideals of Greek architecture.
B. it represents the zenith of Greek architecture.
C. it became the model for harmonious proportions.
D. it inspired Gothic art.
39. A comparison of the Doric and Ionic orders of columns reveals that
A. the Ionic is more decorated than the Doric.
B. most of the early temples were built with Doric columns.
C. the Ionic column has a capital that looks like a scroll or the horns of a ram.
D. All these answers are correct.
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40. Which temple on the Acropolis was dedicated to Athena, Poseidon, and the legendary
ruler who introduced the horse to Athens?
A. Athena Nike
B. Propylaea
C. Erechtheum
D. Pantheon
41. The architect Mnesicles designed which building on the Athenian Acropolis?
A. the Parthenon
B. the Erechtheum
C. the Propylaea
D. the temple of Athena Nike
42. Greek sculptors carved the human form in a graceful pose known as
A. the three-point stance.
B. contrapposto.
C. sfumato.
D. the flat-footed pose.
43. The Severe style of Hellenic sculpture was characterized by

A. clenched fists and rigid postures.
B. wig-like hair and left foot forward.
C. individualized faces and emotionalism.
D. contrapposto and mastered representation of musculature.
44. The high classical sculptural style attempted to

A. accept repose as a normal state for the carved object.
B. create a sense of vast motion.
C. show motion in a static medium.
D. demonstrate that emotion should dominate a work of art.
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45. The frieze that decorated the Parthenon

A. depicted a procession of Greek deities.
B. was carved in high relief.
C. has been lost; we only have copies.
D. included humans, bestial creatures, and deities.
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Essay Questions
46. What were the general characteristics of Hellenic civilization? How did they differ from
the Archaic era?
Answers will vary
47. What different aspects of human nature did Dionysus and Apollo represent? Which of
these aspects did Hellenic civilization best embody?
Answers will vary
48. Discuss the role of Greek religion in helping to shape the civilization of Hellenic Greece.
Use examples from two of the following: the arts, architecture, history, philosophy, literature,
and music.
Answers will vary
49. Discuss the Parthenon as a model of Hellenic architecture. What are the major features of
the Parthenon? How did it use mathematics and refinements to create both the illusion and the
reality of proportionality?
Answers will vary
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50. Discuss the four phases of the Hellenic Age. What challenges did the Greek states face in
this period, and how successful were they at meeting them?
Answers will vary
51. Discuss the features of Greek tragedy and explain how they were manifested in the works
of Sophocles.
Answers will vary
52. Discuss the various functions attributed to Greek theatrical productions, including
religious ritual, civic spectacle, and psychological release for the audience.
Answers will vary
53. Compare and contrast the historical approaches of Herodotus and Thucydides. Which was
the superior historian and why?
Answers will vary
54. Who were the Pre-Socratics? Note the contributions to philosophy of two of the schools of
Pre-Socratic thinkers.
Answers will vary
55. Discuss the artistic breakthroughs that allowed the Archaic style to develop into the
Severe style of Hellenic sculpture. Use an example of each style of sculpture in your essay.
Answers will vary
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Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

Multiple Choice Questions

2. One of the ideals the Greeks strived for was a

4. In a famous speech, Pericles boasted that Athens

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

6. The primary cause of the Peloponnesian War was

7. What development followed the death of Alexander with respect to Athens?

8. The dream of Alexander the Great was to

9. A common goal of the arts in classical Greece was to

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

10. Greek drama had which of the following features?

11. Aristotle's Poetics claims that the purpose of tragedy is to

12. The Oresteia trilogy involved

13. In Sophocles' Antigone, Antigone opposes Creon because Creon

14. Euripides wrote plays that can be described as

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

18. The Greeks believed that music

19. The two founders of Greek historical writing were

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

23. Protagoras is famous for saying

24. Socrates criticized the Sophists for their

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

25. What did Socrates mean by "Virtue is Knowledge"?

26. Socrates was accused of

27. The Socratic method of teaching can be described as a

28. The life of Socrates is known mainly through

29. Plato's most important contribution to Western philosophy was his

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

30. In the Republic, Plato created

32. Unlike Plato, Aristotle

34. Who is known as the "father of medicine"?

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

36. Aristophanes' Lysistrata principally criticizes

37. The central temple on the Acropolis was the

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

43. The Severe style of Hellenic sculpture was characterized by

44. The high classical sculptural style attempted to

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

45. The frieze that decorated the Parthenon

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

Chapter 03 - Classical Greece: The Hellenic Age

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