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BaseisolationWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Baseisolation
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Baseisolation,alsoknownasseismicbaseisolation[2]orbase
isolationsystem,[3]isoneofthemostpopularmeansof
protectingastructureagainstearthquakeforces.[4]Itisa
collectionofstructuralelementswhichshouldsubstantially
decoupleasuperstructurefromitssubstructurerestingona
shakinggroundthusprotectingabuildingornonbuilding
structure'sintegrity.[5]
Baseisolationisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsofearthquake
engineeringpertainingtothepassivestructuralvibrationcontrol
technologies.Itismeanttoenableabuildingornonbuilding
structuretosurviveapotentiallydevastatingseismicimpact
throughaproperinitialdesignorsubsequentmodifications.In
somecases,applicationofbaseisolationcanraisebotha
structure'sseismicperformanceanditsseismicsustainability
considerably.Contrarytopopularbeliefbaseisolationdoesnot
makeabuildingearthquakeproof.

TombofCyrusissaidtobetheoldest
baseisolatedstructureintheworld.

Baseisolationsystemconsistsofisolationunitswithorwithout
isolationcomponents,where:
1.Isolationunitsarethebasicelementsofabaseisolation
systemwhichareintendedtoprovidetheaforementioned
decouplingeffecttoabuildingornonbuildingstructure.
2.Isolationcomponentsaretheconnectionsbetween
isolationunitsandtheirpartshavingnodecouplingeffect
oftheirown.
Isolationunitscouldconsistofshearorslidingunits.[6][7]The
firstevidenceofarchitectsusingtheprincipleofbaseisolation
LACityHall,thetallestbaseisolated
forearthquakeprotectionwasdiscoveredinPasargadae,[8]acity
buildingintheworld[1]
inancientPersia,nowIran:itgoesbackto6thcenturyBC.It
worksbyhavingawideanddeepstoneandmortarfoundation,
smoothedatthetop,uponwhichasecondfoundationisbuiltofwide,smoothedstoneswhicharelinked
together,formingaplatethatslidesbackandforthoverthelowerfoundationincaseofanearthquake,
leavingthestructureintact.
Thistechnologycanbeusedforbothnewstructuraldesign[9]andseismicretrofit.Inprocessofseismic
retrofit,someofthemostprominentU.S.monuments,e.g.PasadenaCityHall,SanFranciscoCityHall,
SaltLakeCityandCountyBuildingorLACityHallweremountedonbaseisolationsystems.Itrequired
creatingrigiditydiaphragmsandmoatsaroundthebuildings,aswellasmakingprovisionsagainst
overturningandPDeltaEffect.
Baseisolationisalsousedonasmallerscalesometimesdowntoasingleroominabuilding.Isolated
raisedfloorsystemsareusedtosafeguardessentialequipmentagainstearthquakes.Thetechniquehas
beenincorporatedtoprotectstatuesandotherworksofartsee,forinstance,Rodin'sGatesofHellat
theNationalMuseumofWesternArtinTokyo'sUenoPark.[10]
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BaseisolationWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Contents
1 Researchonbaseisolation
2 Adaptivebaseisolation
3 Seealso
4 References

BaseisolationdemonstrationatThe
FieldMuseuminChicago

Researchonbaseisolation
ThroughtheGeorgeE.Brown,Jr.NetworkforEarthquakeEngineeringSimulation(NEES),researchers
arestudyingtheperformanceofbaseisolationsystems.[11]Theproject,acollaborationamong
researchersatUniversityofNevada,RenoUniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyUniversityofWisconsin,
GreenBayandtheUniversityatBuffaloisconductingastrategicassessmentoftheeconomic,
technical,andproceduralbarrierstothewidespreadadoptionofseismicisolationintheUnitedStates.
NEESresourceshavebeenusedforexperimentalandnumericalsimulation,datamining,networking
andcollaborationtounderstandthecomplexinterrelationshipamongthefactorscontrollingtheoverall
performanceofanisolatedstructuralsystem.Thisprojectinvolvesearthquakeshakingtableandhybrid
testsattheNEESexperimentalfacilitiesattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,andtheUniversityat
Buffalo,aimedatunderstandingultimateperformancelimitstoexaminethepropagationoflocal
isolationfailures(e.g.,bumpingagainststops,bearingfailures,uplift)tothesystemlevelresponse.
Thesetests,includingafullscale,threedimensionaltestofanisolated5storysteelbuildingontheE
DefenseshaketableinMiki,Hyogo,Japan,willhelpfillcriticalknowledgegaps,validateassumptions
regardingbehaviorandmodeling,andprovideessentialproofofconceptevidenceregardingthe
importanceofisolationtechnology.[12]

Adaptivebaseisolation
Anadaptivebaseisolationsystemincludesatunableisolatorthatcanadjustitspropertiesbasedonthe
inputtominimizethetransferredvibration.Magnetorheologicalfluiddampers[13]andisolatorswith
Magnetorheologicalelastomer[14]havebeensuggestedasadaptivebaseisolators.

Seealso
Earthquakeengineeringstructures
Geotechnicalengineering
Seismicretrofit
Shockabsorber
Shockmount
Vibrationisolation

WikimediaCommonshas
mediarelatedtoBase
isolation.

References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_isolation

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1."LosAngelesCityHallSeismicRehabilitationProjectBaseIsolationTechnology".Archivedfromthe
originalon27July2011.
2.Pressman,Andy(2007).Architecturalgraphicstandards.JohnWileyandSons.p.30.ISBN9780471
700913.
3.Webster,AnthonyC.(1994).TechnologicaladvanceinJapanesebuildingdesignandconstruction.ASCE
Publications.p.70.ISBN9780872629325.
4.Datta,T.K.(2010).SeismicAnalysisofStructures.JohnWileyandSons.p.369.ISBN9780470824627.
5.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZqlXp3czrrM
6.LeadRubberBearingbeingtestedattheUCSDCaltransSRMDfacility(http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=2yXgu4aS8HE),YouTube
7.HybridSimulationofBaseIsolatedStructures(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cfl
VueWTGE&feature=PlayList&p=660C7AFD70E81C12&index=27),YouTube
8.Seismicisolationinbuildingstobeapracticalreality:Behaviorofstructureandinstallationtechnique
(http://www.academicjournals.org/jetr/PDF/pdf%202011/Apr/Islam.pdf)
9.SeismicIsolationProjectsinJapan(http://www.siecorp.com/lfe/Projects/Seismic_Isolation/projects.html)
10.Reitherman,Robert(2012).EarthquakesandEngineers:AnInternationalHistory.Reston,VA:ASCEPress.
ISBN9780784410622.
11.nees@berkeleyprojecthighlight:NEESTIPSSeismicIsolationHybridSimulation,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uh6l5Jqtp0c
12.Giovannardi,FaustoGuisasola,Adriana(2013)."Baseisolation:dalleoriginiaigiorninostri".Retrieved
October7,2013.
13.Yang,G.,etal."LargescaleMRfluiddampers:modelinganddynamicperformanceconsiderations."
Engineeringstructures24.3(2002):309323.[link](http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S01410296(01)000979)
14.Behrooz,Majid,XiaojieWang,andFaramarzGordaninejad."Performanceofanewmagnetorheological
elastomerisolationsystem."SmartMaterialsandStructures23.4(2014)[link]
(http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/09641726/23/4/045014)

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