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Principle:
The g-factor of a DPPH (Diphenylpikrylhydrazyl) and the half-width of
the absorption line are determined,
using the ESR apparatus.
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Digital multimeter
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Teslameter, digital
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Options:
Tasks:
With ESR on a DPPH specimen determination of
1. the g-factor of the free electron,
and
2. the half-width of the absorption
line.
LEP
5.1.12
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Related topics
Zeeman effect, energy quantum, quantum number, resonance, g-factor, Land factor.
Tasks
With ESR on a DPPH specimen determination of
Principle
The g-factor of a DPPH (Diphenylpikrylhydrazyl) and the halfwidth of the absorption line are determined, using the ESR
apparatus.
Equipment
ESR resonator with field coils
ESR power supply
Power supply, universal
Oscilloscope, 30 MHz, 2 channels
Digital multimeter
Screened cable, BNC, l = 750 mm
Adapter, BNC-socket/4 mm plug pair
Connecting cord, l = 500 mm, blue
Connecting cord, l = 500 mm, red
Connecting cord, l = 500 mm, yellow
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11459.95
07134.00
07542.11
07542.27
07361.04
07361.01
07361.02
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1
1
1
1
4
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2
2
Options:
Teslameter, digital
Hall probe, tangent., prot. cap
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PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Physics PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D-37070 Gttingen
25112-00
LEP
5.1.12
-00
25112-00
PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Physics PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D-37070 Gttingen
LEP
5.1.12
-00
nating voltage modulation has been switched off, the two current values at which the moving spot crosses the x-axis can
be determined by slowly varying the d.c. current in the coil.
The half-width of the signal is calculated from the difference
between these currents.
S
S S
1 p 2 mB 2 S B 2 p1 ec1
eh
2mc
(3)
J 1J 12 S 1S 12 L 1L 12
2J 1J 12
(4)
(Bohr Magneton)
9.27 1027
HZ = mB gj B J
(1)
where
mB
% mj = 1
Am2
S
S
p S
p e>c A
mB gj B = % E = hf.
and
e
1
11 1E>mc2 2 2 1E mc2 2
2
In (3),
is obtained
HZ = mB B ( L + 2 S ),
(2)
where L and S are the operators of the orbital and spin angular momentum respectively. In addition, the spinorbit interaction
Hso = l S L
J = L + S
is a conservation value.
m = mB gj J
(5)
is the magnetic
moment of an electron with the angular
momentum J in units of the Bohr magneton mB .
If account is also taken of the exchange of virtual photons between the electron and a radiation field in the static limit
through inclusion of the vertex corrections in increasing order,
a modified abnormal magnetic moment of the electron is
obtained as a series in the fine-structure constant a:
a
e2
hc
a
a2
S
S
m mB a 1
0.328 2 ... b gj J
2p
p
(6)
PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Physics PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D-37070 Gttingen
25112-00
LEP
5.1.12
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or
gjmBB
E
N2
e kT e kT ,
N1
1
; Br in teslas
Br
g = 2.507
1
; Ir in amperes,
Ir
g = gj (1 + WW),
where g is specific for the measured substance and f is predetermined at 146 MHz by the apparatus, so that B must be
varied to satisfy the resonance condition.
For the magnetic field of a Helmholtz arrangement with w =
241 turns, current I and radius R = 0.048 m,
B = 0.6445 mo
g = 10.43
Note
The analyzed specimen DPPH (Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) is a
organic, paramagnetic material with one stable radical. The
magnetic moment of the molecul is determined only by the
spin moment of the valence in the N-bridge.
wI
R
Tm
A
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T
.
A
PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Physics PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D-37070 Gttingen
LEP
5.1.12
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Material
Gyroscope w. magnetic axis, ESR model
Coil 1200 turns
Iron core, short, laminated
Commutator switch
On/off switch
Blower
Pressure tube with end piece 1.5 m
Variable transformer with rectifier
25 V~/20 V, 12 A
Connecting cable
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PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Physics PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D-37070 Gttingen
25112-00
LEP
5.1.12
-00
25112-00
PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Physics PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D-37070 Gttingen