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Module code:
Assessment title:
Module leader:
ME5545
Mechanical Ventilation
Prof M Kolokotroni
To understand the basic principles of energy efficient mechanical ventilation systems, be able
to carry out design of mechanical ventilation system components and be able to consider the
impact of regulations on ventilation design.
Brief Description of the assessment:
Weighting:
50% of module
8. Static pressure in a duct is 600 Pa. Calculate the air flow from a hole with a diameter of 3
mm when 60% of static pressure is converted into dynamic pressure in the hole and 40%
is dissipated in losses. Calculate the cost of energy resulting from the leaking air from the
hole during a year if the pressure difference in the fan is 850 Pa (70% efficiency) and the
mean temperature difference between outdoor air and leaking air is 21 C. Cost of
electricity is 0.15 /kWh and heat 0.06 /kWh. Comment briefly on the results.
[4%]
9. Some of the building occupants are complaining of draughts. What would be a suitable
instrument to confirm whether this is justified?
[4%]
10. List the possible reasons why a wall-mounted temperature sensor (part of the building
management system) might indicate a different temperature to a screened temperature
sensor in the centre of the occupied space.
[4%]
Part B: Compare building regulations and comment on how they would influence the
design of a ventilation system.
For this part of the assignment you are asked to review Part L and Part F of building
regulations in England and Wales and comment on how they might influence the design of a
ventilation system. Some new Building Regulations (Part L Conservation of fuel and
power) were introduced in November 2013 and came into effect on 6 April 2014. These can
be found in
http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/buildingregulations/approveddocuments/
Within the same web address, previous editions of the regulations can be found. In addition,
explanatory reports can be found.
A selection of Part F and L of the building regulations and some explanatory reports are
included in BBL, just in case there is a problem of you accessing the above website.
Building Regulations classify building into two categories dwellings (or domestic) and
buildings other than dwellings (or non-domestic). Choose one of the categories (ie either
domestic or non-domestic) for your report and consider the following question:
how the building airtightness regulations have impacted on the design of the
ventilation system?
Your answer should be in the form of a 2-page summary of the changes and their impact
using appropriate references to support your findings.
Although this question seems to be focussing on UK regulations, it explores changes that
have happened with air-tightness standards in many countries with cold climates. It is
emerging that such changes also affect buildings in hot climates where build-up of internal
moisture could be a problem and heat gains can be further controlled via improved air
permeability of the external envelope of the building.
1.
A ventilation system with circular section ductwork is shown in Figure 1 on the next
page. Size each section of duct using the equal pressure drop method. Note that this
ventilation system should be treated as a low velocity system.
[15%]
2.
A variable speed fan is used to supply the air for the ventilation system. The
characteristics for the fan, in terms of total pressure, for a speed of 1000 r.p.m., are
given in Table 1 below.
(i)
Calculate the speed at which the fan should operate in order to deliver
the required volume flow rates.
[15 %]
(ii)
3.
List any assumptions made during your calculations. Is there any action you would
take to improve the design of this system?
[5%]
Table 1. Fan Characteristics at 1000 r.p.m.
(Pa)
(Total fan pressure)
(%)
(Fan efficiency)
0.5
110
40
1.0
115
60
1.5
115
75
2.0
107
82
2.5
95
82
3.0
75
75
3.5
55
62
4.0
35
40
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
5.0
12
0.3 m3/s
(3)
1m
(1)
FAN
(F)
(A)
1m
1m
SILENCER
1
15m
1m
SILENCER
2
Equivalent Lengths
1m
1m
(B)
2m
2m
(2)
(C)
2m
(D)
2m
1m
0.4 m3/s
2m
(E)
(4)
0.4 m3/s
3m
(5)
1m
1.5
m
1.5
m
1m
2m
2m
(G)
(H)
2m
(7)
1m
11m
1m
3m
1.5
m
(6)
0.4 m3/s
0.4 m3/s