Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Zamzam/Kamkam, played an
important role in the economic and
commercial life of Makkah which was
run by a small group of rich Black
merchants.
Makkah itself stood in a narrow,
barren valley, surrounded by steep,
bare hills. Its food supply came from
the fertile fields of Taif, a town forty
miles to the southeast. Water was also
scarce, its main source of supply
being the Zamzam, although there
were other wells located outside the
town. The free air of the open desert
was thought healthier than the
suffocating heat of this dusty and
congested little town. It was,
therefore, a widespread custom for
people to give their children to be
suckled by women of the neighboring
tribes in the desert. Muhammad thus
spent his early childhood in the care
of a woman of the Sa'd (Sut) tribe
(570 or 571).
574 Ce The Persians capture
Yemen (Amen). The
Afrakans/Ethiopians/Kas
Nubas/Abyssinians were expelled from
Yemen by the Persians after fifty-two
years of occupation, and Yemen came
under Persian rule.
581 CE Exposure of Byzantine
Border to Arabia. The ruling Prince
of the Ghassan tribe, being a
Monophysite Christain, was arrested
and taken to Constantinople for
alleged treason. The Byzantines
withdrew their recognition of the
Ghassan Dynasty, which had been
living along the Syrian border and
protecting it in return for a subsidy
and other privileges. This left the tribe
in defiance and the desert border
exposed to Bedouin attacks from
Arabia.
Tunisia
674 CE: the Arabs attack Byzantium
679 CE: the Arabs are defeated from
Byzantium
680 CE: Mu'awiya dies and the shiite
pretendent to the Caliphate,
Husayn/Hussein, Ali's son and
Mohammed's grandson, is
assassinated by sunnite troops of
Mu'awiya's son Yazid in Karbala
685 CE: Abd Malik becomes caliph and
introduces administrative reforms
(Arabic language as the official
language, coins with Islamic verses)
691 CE: the Dome of the Rock in
Jerusalem is the oldest evidence of the
Quran
692 CE: Hajjaj ibn Yusuf captures
Mecca and ends the anti-caliphate of
Abdallah ibn Zubayr (shiite)
695 CE: the Arabs build the Dome of
the Rock in Jerusalem (with the first
inscription from the Koran)
invasion
720: the Arabs capture Narbonne
720: the Zayids do not recognize the
imam Baqir and cause a split within
the shiites
725: the Arabs capture Carcassonne
728: caliph Hisham attacks the Franks
at Tours and Poitiers
732: the Muslim invasion of Europe is
stopped by the Franks at the battle of
Tours
737: the Arabs capture Provence
740: the Shias of Yemen split from the
main Shia tradition claiming that Zayd
was the rightful fifth imam instead of
Muhammad al Baqir
749: Abu 'l-'Abbas Saffah, whose army
is led by the Persian general Abu
Muslim Khorasani, replaces the
Umayyad dynasty with the Abbasid
dynasty
751: the Arabs defeat the Chinese at
the battle of the Talas River, which de
non-philosophers
850: Hunayn ibn Ishaq translates
Greek classics
850: the Persian mathematician
Khwarazmi founds Algebra and
invents the Arabix numerals
870: Bukhari collects and classifies
the "hadiths"
867: the Saffarids (shiite) in eastern
Persia become virtually independent
with capital in Zaranj (Afghanistan)
868: Ahmad ibn Tulun proclaims Egypt
independent and founds the Tulunid
dynasty
873: the Samanids (sunni), with
capital in Bukhara, rule over
Transoxania
874: the twelfth imam disappears
877: Ahmad ibn Tulun, govemor of
Egypt, invades Syria
878: the Arabs capture Sicily and
make Palermo their capital
879: the Safarid ruler Yaqub Leys
capital in Mahdiya
922: the sufist Hallaj is executed in
Baghdad for heresy ("I am the truth")
942: the Samanids expands in Central
Asia (Bukhara, Samarkand, Herat) and
move their capital to Bukhara, which
becomes one of the cultural centers of
the Muslim world
945: the Buyids (shiite) descend from
the Caspian Sea, and invade Persia
949: Adud Dawla of the Buyid dynasty
adopts the Persian imperial title shah
950: Pahlavi, the language of Persia, is
reformed according to the Arabic
script
955: the Karakhanid state converts to
Islam
961: Al-Hakam II al Mustansir
becomes caliph of Spain and fosters
scientific and philosophical studies
968: Byzantium conquers northern
Syria
969: the Fatimids (shiites) conquer
capital at Marrakesh
1073: Fatimid caliph Mustansir de
facto cedes power to Armenian
general Badr al-Jamali
1076: The Almoravids defeat the
kingdom of Ghana and force it to
convert to Islam
1076: The Fatimids lose Damascus
1076: the Seliuqs invade Syria and
Palestine
1079: the Seliuqs take Damascus
1077: Baghdad is devastated by five
months of religious infighting
1085: Alfonso VI of Castilla defeats the
Arabs at Toledo
1086: Byzantium loses northern Syria
1086: The Almoravids of Morocco
begin the conquest of southern Spain
1087: Pisa and Genoa destroy the
Islamic city of Mahdia in North Africa
1088: Religious sects fight in Baghdad
again
1090: Hasan ibn al-Sabbah acquires
Almohads
1256: Hulagu's Mongol army destroy
the Assassins' castles
1257: Shajar-al-Durr of Egypt is killed
by the palace concubines after she
murders Izz al-Din Aybak
1258: Hulegu's Mongols destroy the
Abbasid caliphate of Baghdad (killing
800 thousand people including the
last Abbasid caliph), conquer Persia,
Mesopotamia and Syria and establish
an Ilkhanate with capital in Baghdad
1259: the Mamluk commander
Muzaffar Sayf-al-Din Kutuz/Qutuz
seizes power in Egypt after Shajar is
murdered
1260: Kutuz's Mamluks led by general
al-Malik al-Zahir Rukn al-Din Baybars
defeat the Christian army of the
Mongols at the battle of Ain Jalut and
annex Syria
1260: Kutuz is assassinated and
succeeded by his general al-Malik al-
to China
1400: Timur/Tamerlane lays siege to
Damascus
1415: Portugal seizes Ceuta from
Morocco
1428: The Wattasids become regents
for the Marinids in Morocco
1465: end of the Marinid dynasty in
Morocco, replaced by the Wattasids
1465: Arabs riot and massacre more
than 1 thousand Jews in Fes, Morocco
1471: Portugal seizes Tangiers from
Morocco
1472: The Wattasids seize power in
Morocco
1488: Moroccans invade the African
kingdom of Mali
1492: the Christian kingdoms
reconquer all of Spain from the
Muslims
1485: The Ottomans and Mamluk go
to war
1491: The Ottomans and Mamluk
ruler of Egypt
1852: Babists try to assassinate the
shah and are massacred throughout
Iran, they move to Ottoman Palestine
and found the Baha'i faith
1854: A British firm builds the first
railway in Egypt, which is also the first
railway in the Ottoman Empire as well
as Africa and the Middle East
1854: Abbas is assassinated and
French-educated Mehmet's son Said
becomes governor of Egypt
1856: Oman loses Zanzibar
1860: Muslims in Lebanon and Syria
riot against the wealthier Christians
1860: Spain invades Morocco
1860: The Alliance Israelite
Universelle is founded in Paris by
Adolphe Cremieux to protect Jews in
the Islamic world
1861: Tunisia proclaims the first
constitution of the Arab world,
granting civil rights and rights to
Empire
Aug 1916: The Ottomans hang Arab
patriots in Beirut's Burj Square
1917: 93% of the population of larger
Palestine is Arab
1917: Egypt's population is 11.3
million
Nov 1917: the "Balfour Declaration"
by the British government promises a
Jewish homeland in Palestine
1917: the "Balfour Declaration" by the
British government promises a Jewish
homeland in Palestine
1917: The population of British Egypt
is 12 million, having increased by 4
million since 1882
1917: Exodus of Jews from Egypt to
British Palestine
1917: Egypt has 13 million people
1918: Saad Zaghloul founds the Wafd
party in Egypt aiming for
independence from Britain
1918: Yemen becomes independent
and Lebanon
1947: 800 thousand Arabs live in
Palestine
1947: the United Nations orders a
partition of Palestine in a Jewish state
(Israel), an Arab state and an
international zone around Jerusalem
1947: Syria grants women the right to
vote
Nov 1947: Jews set to create the state
of Israel while Arabs condemn the
United Nations decision and refuse to
create an Arab state that does not
include the whole of Palestine
Dec 1947: scores of Arabs are killed
by Hagana in the Palestinian village of
Baldat al-Shaikh in retaliation for 41
killed in Haifa riots
Nov 1947: the United Nations orders a
partition of Palestine in a Jewish state
(Israel)an Arab state and an
international zone around Jerusalem
(Palestine)
million
1949: About 100,000 Palestinians
(mostly Sunni Muslims) relocate from
Palestine to Lebanon, altering its
demographics
1949: Husni Zaim seizes overthrows
the corrupt president, appoints
himself prime minister and bans
political parties in Syria, but he is soon
arrested and executed by general
Sami al-Hinnawi, who is in turn ousted
by colonel Adib Shishakli
1949: Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani
becomes sheik of Kuwait
1950: the Israeli government airlifts
approximately 110 thousand Jews
from Iraq to Israel
1950: An oil pipeline from Saudi
Arabia's oil field of Dhahran to
Lebanon is completed
1950: Aramco and Saudi Arabia reach
an agreement to split oil profits, an
agreement that becomes the standard
in the region
Jan 1950: The Wafd wins democratic
elections in Egypt
May 1950: The Israeli government
airlifts approximately 110,000 Jews
from Iraq to Israel (operations Ezra
and Nehemiah, completed in august
1951)
1950: There are 38 thousand British
soldiers in Egypt to protect the Suez
Canal, through which transits 60% of
the Middle Eastern oil consumed in
Western Europe
1951: Following persecutions, the
population of Jews in Iraq declines
from 150 thousand (1948) to 6
thousand (1951)
1951: Saudi Arabia and the USA sign a
military treaty
Dec 1951: Libya becomes
independent under king Idris of the
Sanusi Sufi order with the capital
alternating between Tripoli and
built in Dubai
1956: France withdraws from Tunisia,
and Habib Bourguiba becomes its first
president
Dec 1956: Britain leaves the Suez
Canal
1956: Israel sets up a secret nuclear
program headed by Shimon Peres with
help from France
Nov 1956: Israeli soldiers kill 275
Palestinian civilians in Khan Younis
and 111 in Rafah
Oct 1956: Israeli troops led by Ariel
Sharon attack Qalqilya, killing almost
100 Palestinians (18 Israeli soldiers
are also killed)
Jul 1956: president Gamal Abdel
Nasser of Egypt nationalizes the Suez
canal to pay for the construction of
the high Aswan Dam, thereby
becoming the first Arab leader to
confront the West and the father of
Arab nationalism
Palestine (Palestine)
1964: Faisal bin Abdul Aziz becomes
the third King of Saudi Arabia (Saudi
Arabia)
1964: Charles Hilu, a Shihab
associate, succeeds Shamun as
Lebanese president
1965: Houari Boumedienne seizes
power in Algeria
1965: Sephardic Jews from the Middle
East outnumber Ashkenazi Jes from
Europe in Israel for the first time since
independence
1965: members of the Muslim
Brotherhood try to assassinate Nasser
of Egypt
1965: Kuwait's emir Abdullah Sabah
dies and is succeeded by his brother
Sabah al-Sabah
1965: Libya accounts for 10% of the
world's oil exports
1965: Syria nationalizes most of the
national industry and foreign oil
companies
1965: The majority of people living in
Kuwait are workers from other
countries (Palestinians, Egyptians,
Pakistanis, etc)
Jan 1965: Fatah, operating from
neighboring Arab countries, launches
guerrilla attacks against Israel
1966: Israel produces its first nuclear
bomb
Nov 1966: Israeli troops raid the
Jordanian village of Samukilling 14
Jordanian soldiers
1966: the spiritual leader of the
Muslim Brotherhood, Sayyid Qutb, is
hanged in Egypt
1966: Israel kills several people at alSamu in Jordan in retaliation for
continued Palestinian raids
1966: Shakhbut al Nahyan is
overthrown by his youngest brother
Zayed/Zaid, who begins economic
reforms
created
Jul 1968: The pro-Soviet faction of the
Ba'ath Party seizes power in Iraq and
appoints general Ahmed Hasan alBakr president and Saddam Hussein in
charge of internal security, removing
Shiites (the majority of Iraq's
population) from any position of power
1968: Palestinians use Lebanon as a
base to launch attacks against Israel
Oct 1968: Ahmad Jibril splits from
George Habash's PFLP and founds the
Popular Front for the Liberation of
Palestine-General Command (PFLPGC) with base in Syria
June 1968: USA politician Bob
Kennedy is assassinated by
Palestinian immigrant Sirhan Sirhan in
retaliation for the USA's support of
Israel
March 1968: Fatah guerrillas win the
battle of Karameh against superior
Israeli forces (30 Israeli soldiers are
killed)
Jul 1968: the PFLP hijacks an Israeli
airplane to trade hostages for
Palestinian prisoners
Jul 1968: the pro-Soviet faction of the
Ba'ath Party seizes power and
appoints Ahmed Hasan al-Bakr
president and Saddam Hussein is
appointed in charge of internal
security
Sep 1969: colonel Muhammar Qaddafi
of a poor seminomadic tribe becomes
dictator of Libya in a successful coup
and chooses Tripoli as the sole capital
of Libya
1969: colonel Muhammar Qaddafi
becomes dictator of Libya after a
successful coup (Libya)
1969: female Palestinian fighter Leila
Khaled hijacks a TWA airplane
(Palestine)
March 1969: Golda Meir is elected
prime minister of Israel (Israel)
Arafatsettles in BeirutLebanon
(Palestine)
Sep 1970: The Popular Front for the
Liberation of Palestine carries out
simultaneous hijackings to Jordan
(Dawson's Field) of TWASwissair and
BOAC planes for a total of over 300
hostages ("Skyjack Sunday")which are
swapped with Leila Khaledthe leader
of the PFLP cell captured in Britain
(Jordan)
1970: King Hussein of Jordan orders a
massive expulsion of Palestinians
("black september"), many of which
move into Lebanon, further
destabilizing the country and the
Palestinian leader Arafat settles in
Beirut, Lebanon
1971: the Gulf States (Oman, Qatar,
United Arab Emirates, Bahrein in
august) become independent and the
USA takes over the British military
base in Bahrein
Israel (Israel)
1973: Venezuelan-born terrorist Ilich
Ramirez Sanchez ("Carlos the
Jackal")who studied in Russia and was
trained by Haddadperforms
spectacular terrorist actions on behalf
of Palestinian terrorist groups
(London)
Dec 1973: The price of oil reaches
$11.65 per barrel, almost four times
what it was a year earlier
1973: Sheikh Ahmed Yassin
establishes the Islamic Association in
Palestine
1974: French premier Chirac visits Iraq
to negotiate the sale of nuclear
technology
1974: Syria inaugurates the Euphrates
Dam
1974: Arafat gives an emotional
speech at the United Nations begging
for Palestinian statehood (New York)
1974: French premier Chirac visits Iraq
at Osirak (France)
1979: Massoud Barzani succeeds his
father Mustafa Barzani as the leader
of the Kurdistan Democratic Party
(Iraq)
March 1979: Sadat of Egypt and of
Israel sign a peace treatyIsrael returns
the Sinai peninsula to Egypt and Egypt
enters the orbit of the USA (Israel)
June 1979: Saddam Hussein inherits
power in Iraq and begins a ruthless
dictatorship (Iraq)
1979: the 1979 Islamic revolution in
Iran galvanizes Islamic
extremistsespecially shiite Arabs
(Lebanon)
April 1980: American troops fail to
liberate the American hostages (Iran)
1980: Berbers demonstrate against
Arab domination in Algeria ("Spring of
Kabyle") (Algeria)
1980: galvanized by the Islamic
Revolution in IranMuslims riot in
Libya
Oct 1983: Hezbollah suicide
commandos organized by Iran and
masterminded by Imad Mughniyeh
(Mugniyah) blow up the US and French
barracks in Lebanon killing 241
marines and 58 French soldiers
1983: The Wafd Party is legalized
again in Egypt
1983: a ferry sinks in the Nile, Egypt,
and kills 357 people
1983: Iraq uses chemical weapons
against Iranian troops
August 1983: "Carlos" carries out an
attack on the Maison de France in
Berlin that kills two people (Germany)
sep 1983: A bomb blows up a Gulf Air
flight over the United Arab Emirates
killing all 112 passengers (United Arab
Emirates)
Nov 1983: a second suicide bomber in
Tyre kills 28 Israelis and 32 Lebanese
prisoners (Lebanon)
(Lebanon)
1984: Saudi Arabia becomes the
financial arm of the CIA to bypass the
USA parliamentselling arms to
Nicaragua's rebelsto Angola's rebels
and to Afghanistan's rebels fighting
communist regimes in three
continents (Saudi Arabia)
Jan 1984: The president of the
American University of Beirul is
assassinated in Lebanon (Lebanon)
March 1984: the second highestranking USA official in Lebanon is
kidnapped by Hezbollah (Lebanon)
Feb 1984: USAFrench and Italian
soldiers withdraw from Lebanon
(Lebanon)
1984: Libya has 3.6 million people
including 600 thousand foreign
workers
Jul 1984: Likud and Labor form a
coalition in Israel while inflation is
approaching 400%
government (Palestine)
1985: Syria and Iran sponsor
Hezbollah guerrilla against Israeli
troops stationed in Lebanon (Lebanon)
1985: Syria directs a world-wide
terrorist campaign aimed at
sabotaging the agreement between
Jordan's King Hussein and Yassir Arafat
(Syria)
June 1985: Terrorists hijack a TWA
flightkill one USA passenger and
release the others after Israel accept
to release 700 Shiite prisoners
(Lebanon)
1985: the "15 May Faction" is
dissolved and its leader and notorious
bombmaker Muhammad Al-Amri joins
the PFLP-GC (Palestine)
Sep 1986: Abu Nidal terrorists hijack a
Pan Am in Karachi (Palestine)
August 1986: American planes bomb
Libya trying to assassinate a defiant
Qaddafi (Libya)
stampede in Mecca
1990: the last Christian leader to fight
Syria and the Muslims in Lebanon
surrenders, the civil war ends and
Lebanon remains under Syrian
occupation
May 1990: Yemen and Aden unite
under Ali Abdullah Saleh with capital
in Sana
1990: the Iraqi army has 1.4 million
soldiers, the fourth largest in the
world after the Soviet Union, the USA
and China
1990: Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum
dies and is succeeded by his son
Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum as
ruler of Dubai
Jan 1991: An international coalition
(including most Arab countries) led by
the USA expels Iraq from Kuwait, and
400 thousand Palestinians are
expelled from Kuwait, Saudi Arabia
and Gulf states, mostly relocating to
Jordan
1991: 330 thousand Jews emigrate to
Israel from the Soviet Union
1991: Saudi Arabia expels Osama bin
Laden for his anti-government stance
1991: a ferry capsizes in Egypt killing
464 people
1991: Al Zarqawi returns from
Afghanistanwhere he has fought
against the Soviet Union (Jordan)
1991: Ayad Allawi founds the Iraqi
National Accord with defectors of the
Iraqi army (Britain)
Jan 1991: George Bushpresident of the
USAleads an international coalition
that attacks Iraq from all sides and
liberates Kuwait (Iraq)
1991: Mohammed Nazzala Jordanbased leader of Hamas with the help
of Osama bin Laden
terroristsunleashes a campaign of
terrorist bombings and assassinations
aimed at toppling the regime of King
Hussein (Jordan)
1991: One of the founders of
HamasKhaled Mashalsettles in Jordan
(Jordan)
Nov 1991: Paulo Jose de Almeida
Santosa Portuguese Muslimtries to
assassinate the Afghan king in
exileZahir Shahon behalf of Al Qaeda
(Italy)
Dec 1991: the last American hostage
is freed from Lebanon (Lebanon)
Feb 1991: The US-led coalition stops
short of reaching Bagdad and leaves
Saddam Hussein in power but
controlling only the central part of Iraq
(the southern and northern part are
off-limits to Iraqi planes in order to
protect the shiite and kurdish
minorities) (Iraq)
May 1991: USA president George Bush
authorizes plans to remove Saddam
Hussein from power in Iraq (Iraq)
March 1992: A bomb (sponsored by
(Palestine)
apr 1993: Iraqi agents attempt to
assassinate former president George
Bush during a visit to Kuwait (Kuwait)
August 1993: Islamic terrorists try to
assassinate two ministers in three
months (Egypt)
Feb 1993: Islamic terroristsunder the
orders of Egyptian cleric Omar Abdel
Rahmanbomb the World Trade Center
killing 6 peoplethe first major
international terrorist attack on U. S.
soil. (USA)
1993: scores of Islamic militants are
hanged by Mubarak's regime (Egypt)
Oct 1993: terrorists led by Egyptian
surgeon Ayman al-Zawahrinew leader
of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad that
killed Sadat and affiliated to Osama
bin Laden working in collaboration
with Somali warlord Muhammed
Farrah Aididtrap American troops in
Mogadishushoot down three
Ahmed)specialize in assassinations of
government officials and several
French citizens (Algeria)
Mid 1994: during the civil war
between communists and democratic
forcespresident Ali Saleh enjoys the
support of Islah (Islamic Reform
Party)an offshoot of the Hashed tribes
in northern Yemen headed by radical
Sheikh Abdul Mejid Az Zindani
(Yemen)
April 1994: first Palestinian suicide
bomber in Israel (Israel)
Oct 1994: Hamas and the Islamic Jihad
movement begin a series of suicide
terrorist attacks against Israeli
civiliansincluding 22 people in october
199419 people in january 199558
people in 199624 people in 1997
(mostly suicide bombings) (Israel)
Dec 1994: Hamas terrorists that
plotted to overthrow King Hussein are
executed (Jordan)
in Mecca
Jul 1994: Arafat returns to Palestine
and establishes the Palestine National
Authority
Oct 1994: Israel and Jordan sign a
peace treaty
1995: Israeli prime minister Rabin is
assassinated by a Jewish
fundamentalist
1995: Boubacar Ould Messaoud
founds SOS Esclaves to fight slavery in
Mauritania
1995: Egypt's population is 60 million
1995: Kurdish terrorists carry out their
first suicide bombing
1995: ://www.scaruffi.com>Youstol
Dispage dies (Pakistan)
1995: A bomb kills 28 people at the
headquarters of the Iraqi National
Congress in the northern Iraqi region
under USA protection (Iraq)
1995: a bomb kills five American
soldiers in the capital of Saudi Arabia
(Saudi Arabia)
March 1995: A USA-founded coalition
of Chalabi's militiaIraqi general Wafiq
al-Samarrai and Talabani's Kurdish
militia start a rebellion in northern Iraq
but are stopped by Barzani's Kurdish
militia and Turkish troops (Iran)
1995: Algerian terrorists of the GIA kill
eight people in the Paris metro
(France)
1995: Fatah security chief in
GazaMohammed Dahlanarrests
hundreds of members of Hamas
(Palestine)
Oct 1995: Fathi Shqaqifounder of the
Islamic Jihadis assassinated by Israeli
agentspossibly with the collaboration
of the PLOand is replaced by Ramadan
Shalah whose base is in Syria (Malta)
Jan 1995: Osama bin Laden terrorists
led by Ramzi Youssef and his uncle
Khalid Mohammed plan to assassinate
the Pope during a visit in Manila
(Philippines)
June 1995: Osama bin Laden terrorists
try to assassinate Egyptian president
Hosni Mubarak in Addis Ababa during
his official visit (Ethiopia)
Feb 1995: Pakistan and the FBI arrest
Ramzi Yousef and uncover terrorist
plans against the USbut his uncle
Khalid Mohammed escapes to
Afghanistan (USA)
Nov 1995: Rabin is assassinated by a
Jewish fundamentalist (Israel)
1995: The CIA sets up operations in
Jordan to overthrow Saddam Hussein
with the complicity of Jordanand
infiltrates dozens of spies inside Iraq
(Jordan)
1995: the Kurdistan Workers' Party
(PKK)led by Abdullah Ocalanunleashes
a terrorist campaign in Turkey (Turkey)
March 1995: Turkey invades northern
Iraq to fight the kurdish insurgency
(Turkey)
civilians (Turkey)
Dec 1999: Ahmed Ressaman Algerian
terrorist with links to Afghanistantries
to enter the US and bomb the Los
Angeles airport (USA)
1999: Al Zarqawi is released in an
amnesty by the Jordanian government
and flees to Afghanistan (Jordan)
May 1999: Ehud Barak campaigns on
a peace platform and is elected prime
minister of Israel (Israel)
Feb 1999: elite Turkish forces capture
PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan in Kenya
(Turkey)
August 1999: Jordan expels Khaled
Mashal/ Meshaalone of the foundes of
Hamas (Jordan)
Dec 1999: Jordanian police arrests
terrorists linked to Osama bin Laden
planning attacks against western
tourists (Jordan)
Feb 1999: King Hussein of Jordan dies
and is succeeded by his son Abdullah
(Jordan)
1999: London-based Egyptian-born
radical cleric Abu Hamza al-Masri tries
to establish a terrorist-training camp
in OregonUSA (USA)
Oct 1999: Osama bin Laden calls for a
jihad against India over the disputed
territory of Kashmir (India)
August 1999: pro-democracy riots in
Iranfollowing the arrest of prodemocracy intellectuals and the
closure of newspapers by
ultraconservative ayatollah Khameini
(Iran)
1999: The GIA and the AIS approve
peace talks with the Algerian
government (150,000 people have
been killed in the civil war since 1992)
(Algeria)
1992: Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani outs
his father and becomes the new emir
of Qatar, a state with 50,000 people
1999: with the approval of Osama bin
in London (Britain)
March 2004: Britain foils a massive
terrorist attack by Islamic extremists
in London (Britain)
2004: car bombs set by Abu-Musab alZarqawi's terrorists and by Saddam
Hussein loyalists explode in several
cities of Iraq killing hundreds of
civilians (Iraq)
Jul 2004: co-ordinated bombings by
the Islamic Jihad Union target the USA
and Israeli embassies in Tashkent
(Uzbekistan)
2004: Djibouti becomes a counterterrorism base for the USA (Djibouti)
Oct 2004: Islamic fundamentalists kill
16 people (Algeria)
Oct 2004: Islamic terrorists attack an
Egyptian hotel killing 34 people
(Egypt)
April 2004: Israel kills Hamas' leader
Abdel Aziz al-Rantissi (Palestine)
March 2004: Israel kills Hamas'
US (Britain)
June 2006: Canadian police arrests 18
Islamic radicalsinspired by Muslim
cleric Anwar al-Awlakiwho are
planning targets in and around Toronto
(Canada)
March 2006: in march alone1313 Iraqi
civilians are victims of sectarian
violence (Iraq)
Jul 2006: in response to an incursion
by Hezbollah militantsIsrael invades
southern Lebanon killing more than
1,000 Lebanese civilians while
Hezbollah kills 116 Israeli soldiers and
43 Israeli civilians (Lebanon)
Jul 2006: in response to an incursion
by Palestinian militantsIsrael invades
Gaza killing 220 Palestinians
(Palestine)
March 2006: in the first Israeli
elections after prime minister Sharon
suffered a strokehis new party Kadima
becomes the biggest party and Ehud
43 Israeli civilians
2006: the opposition wins
parliamentary elections in Kuwait
2006: Israeli forces withdraw from
Lebanon without having destroyed
Hezbollah
2006: Muslims riot worldwide against
anti-Islamic comments made by Pope
Benedict
2006: Lebanese Christian politician
Pierre Gemayel is assassinated
2006: more than 350 Palestinians are
killed in internal fighting in Gaza after
Israel withdraws
2006: Saddam Hussein is executed in
Iraq for the crimes committed by his
regime
2006: 34,452 Iraqi civilians are killed
in 2006
2006: Maktoum bin Rashid Al
Maktoum dies and is succeeded by his
brother Mohammed bin Rashid Al
Maktoum as ruler of Dubai
(Britain)
April 2007: Hamas and the al-Qassam
Brigades break a truce with Israel with
a sustained barrage of rockets and
mortars from Gaza into Israel
(Palestine)
April 2007: Saudi Arabia foils a suicide
terrorist attack against its oil fields
and military bases (Saudi Arabia)
May 2007: Hamas militants shoot
rockets at Israel (Israel)
May 2007: Lebanon's militant group
Fatah Islaminspired by radical Muslim
cleric Omar Bakri Muhammad kills 23
soldiers in clashes in Tripoli's
Palestinian refugee campbut the army
eventually regains control of the camp
killing 400 people (Lebanon)
June 2007: dozens of militants are
killed as Hamas defeats Fatah and
takes control of Gaza (Palestine)
June 2007: explosives-rigged cars are
found in London (Britain)
election in Lebanon
Jun 2009: Islamic extremists kill nine
European tourists in Yemen
Jun 2009: As the deadline approaches
for the USA to withdraw troops from
Iraqi cities, a spate of terrorist attacks
kills hundreds of Iraqis
Aug 2009: About 600 people are killed
in Iraq by sectarian violence in the two
months since USA troops withdrew
from cities
Aug 2009: Hamas attacks radical
cleric Abdul-Latif Moussa's al-Qaedalinked group Jund Ansar Allah, killing
13 people
Sep 2009: almost 100 people are
killed in a air raid by the Yemeni
government against a Shiite refugee
camp in Adi
Sep 2009: The King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology
opens in Saudi Arabia
Dec 2009: Saudi Arabia bombs
(Indonesia)
June 2010: Iran executes the leader of
the Sunni Muslim group
JundollahAbdolmalek Rigi (Iran)
Jan 2010: Kenya expels Jamaican-born
Muslim cleric Abdullah al-Faisal
(Kenya)
Nov 2010: Lebanon arrests radical
Muslim cleric Omar Bakri Muhammad
(Lebanon)
June 2010: Norway arrests three
members of Al Qaeda accused of
plotting terrorist attacks (a Uighur
from Chinaan Iraqi and an Uzbek)
(Norway)
May 2010: Pakistani-born Faisal
Shahzadtrained by Pakistani
Talibantries to blow up a car bomb in
Times SquareNew York (USA)
Sep 2010: The USA convenes a peace
conference between Israel and Fatah
(West Bank) (USA)
Dec 2010: Two suicide bombers of the
(Palestine)
June 2011: Israeli troops kill 20
protesters marking the anniversary of
Israel's capture of the Golan Heights
in 1967 (Israel)
August 2011: Militants from Gaza kill
eight Israeli people in Eilat and Israel
retaliates killing 16 people in
Gazaincluding Popular Resistance
Committees' leader Kamal al-Nayrab/
Abu Awad and al-Quds Brigades'
leader Ismael al-Ismarand accidentally
killing three Egyptian soldiers (Israel)
Jan 2011: Morocco arrests 27
members of Al Qaeda in Western
Sahara (Morocco)
Sep 2011: Rezwan Ferdausa USA
citizen living near Boston is arrested
for plotting to blow up the Pentagon
and the Capitol using remotecontrolled drones filled with explosives
(USA)
Dec 2011: The collapse of the
the rebels
Jan 2012: Al Qaeda's Iraqi affialite, the
Islamic State of Iraq, launches a
campaign of terrorist attacks against
Shiites
Jan 2012: 72 people are killed after
attacks on pilgrims in southern Iraq,
and in Shia areas of the capital
Baghdad
Jan 2012: More than 200 people are
killed in sectarian violence in the first
month since the withdrawal of the
USA from Iraq
Jan 2012: A suicide attack in the
Syrian capital Damascus kills at least
26 people, while 5 thousand civilians
have been killed since protests began
in 2011
Jan 2012: Jobless protesters set
themselves on fire in Morocco
Jan 2012: The Muslim Brotherhood's
Freedom and Justice Party (FJP) wins
the largest number of seats in Egypt's
and Jordan
Dec 2012: The death toll in Syria's
civil war passes 46,000
Dec 2012: More than 100 people are
killed in two days of attacks across
northern and central Iraq (mainly
Kirkuk and Tuz Khormato), bringing
the total for 2012 to more than 4,000
Dec 2012: The Islamic militants of
Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant
(ISIS), an Al-Qaeda affiliate led by Abu
Bakr al-Baghdadi and attracting
Islamists from all over the world, joins
the fight against Assad in Syria
Jan 2013: Mokhtar Belmokhtar's
Masked Brigade attacks a gas field in
Algeria and takes 132 foreign workers
hostage, 37 of which are killed
(together with 29 terrorists) when the
Algerian army tries to rescue them
Jan 2013: Al-Qaeda's affiliate Islamic
State of Iraq, a Sunni group,
assassinates Sunni tribal leader Efan
Nasser al-Wuhayshi
Jun 2015: A series of car bombs by
ISIS kills more than 20 people in
Yemen's capital controlled by Houthis
Jun 2015: An Islamic State suicide
bomber from Saudi Arabia kills 27
people in a Shia mosque in Kuwait
Jun 2015: An Islamist gunman kill 38
people, mostly British tourists, at a
beach resort in the Tunisian town of
Sousse
Jun 2015: Egypt's chief prosecutor
Hisham Barakat, who led the
crackdown on the Muslim
Brotherhood, is assassinated
Jun 2015: A car-bomb by ISIS kills Shia
Houthi rebels at a funeral in Yemen
Jul 2015: More than 100 people are
killed when Sinai Province. allied to
the Islamic State, attacks military
checkpoints in Egypt's Sinai
Jul 2015: Clashes between Arab and
Berber communities in the Algerian
869-70 Al-Muqtadi
870-92 Al-Mu'tamid
892-902 Al-Mu'tadid
902-8 Al-Muqtafi
908-32 Al-Muqtadir
932-34 Al-Qahir
934-40 Al-Radi
940-44 Al-Muttaqi
944-46 Al-Mustaqfi
946-74 Al-Muti
974-91 Al-Ta'i
991-1031 Al-Qadir
1031-75 Al-Qa'im
1075-94 Al-Muqtadi
1094-1118 Al-Mustazhir
1118-35 Al-Mustarshid
1135-36 Al-Rashid
1136-60 Al-Muqtafi
1160-70 Al-Mustanjid
1170-80 Al-Mustadi
1180-1225 Al-Nasir
1225-26 Al-Zahir
1226-42 Al-Mustansir
1242-56 Al-Musta'sim
Cordoba
756-88 Abd ar-Rahman I
788-96 Hisham I
796-822 Al-Hakam I
822-52 Abd ar-Rahman II
852-86 Muhammad I
886-88 Al Mundhir
888-912 Abdallah
912-61 Abd ar-Rahman III
961-76 Al-Hakam II al Mustansir
976-1009 Hisham II al Muayyad
1009-10 Muhammad II al-Mahdi
1009-10 Sulaiman al-Mustain
1010-13 Hisham II
1013-16 Sulaiman
1016-18 Ali ben Hammud
1018 Abd ar-Rahman IV
1018-21 Al-Qasim
1021-22 Yahya
1022-23 Al-Qasim
1023-24
1024-25
1025-27
1027-31
Abd ar-Rahman V
Muhammad III
Yahya
Hisham III
Egypt
909-34 Al-Mahdi
934-45 Al-Qaim
945-52 Al-Mansur
952-75 Al-Muizz
975-96 Al-Aziz
996-1021 Al-Hakim
1021-36 Az-Zahir
1036-94 Al-Mustansir
1094-1101 Al-Mustadi
1101-30 Al-Amir
1130-49 Al-Hafiz
1149-54 Az-Zafir
1154-60 Al-Faiz
1160-71 Al-Adid
Egypt monarchy and republic
Te-Nehesy,
Nubadae,
Napata, or
the Kingdom of Meroe.
The region referred to as Lower Egypt
is the northernmost portion. Upper
Nubia extends south into Sudan and
can be subdivided into several
separate areas such as:
Batn El Hajar or "Belly of Rocks",
the sands of the Abri-Delgo Reach, or
the flat plains of the Dongola Reach.
Nubia, the hottest and most arid
region of the world, has caused many
civilizations to be totally dependent on
the Nile for existence.
Historically Nubia has been a nucleus
of diverse cultures. It has been the
only occupied strip of land connecting
the Mediterranean world with
History of Nubia
Prehistory
Kingdom of Kerma
1750 BC By 1750 BC, the kings of
Kerma were powerful enough to
organize the labor for monumental
walls and structures of mud brick.
They also had rich tombs with
Kingdom of Kush
The Kingdom of Kush was an ancient
African kingdom situated on the
confluences of the Blue Nile, White
Nile and River Atbara in what is now
the Republic of Sudan.
8th century BC Established after the
Bronze Age collapse and the
disintegration of the New Kingdom of
Egypt, it was centered at Napata in its
early phase. After king Kashta ("the
Kushite") invaded Egypt in the 8th
century BC, the Kushite kings ruled as
Pharaohs of the Twenty-fifth dynasty
of Egypt for a century.
656 BC Psamtik I expels the Kushite
kings in 656 BC. The Kushites held
sway over their northern neighbors for
others.
3rd century BC By the 3rd century BC
a new indigenous alphabet originally
derived from Egyptian hieroglyphs
used to write the Meroitic language of
the Kingdom of Meroe/Kush. The
Meroitic script, consisting of twentythree letters, replaced Egyptian script.
The Meroitic script first appears in the
2nd century BC.
700-300 BC The Meroitic script is
developed in the Napatan Period
(about 700-300 BC), and first appears
in the 2nd century BC. For a time, it
was also possibly used to write the
Nubian language of the successor
Nubian kingdoms.
2nd century BC The Meroitic script
first appears in the 2nd century BC.
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@
Ruins of the Merotic temple at
Musawwarat es-Sufra.
and music).
In the history of Sudan, the coming of
Islam eventually changed the nature
of Sudanese society and facilitated
the division of the country into north
and south. Islam also fostered political
unity, economic growth, and
educational development among its
adherents; however, these benefits
were restricted largely to urban and
commercial centers.
632 CE The spread of Islam began
shortly after the Prophet Muhammad's
death in 632. By this time, he and his
followers had converted most of
Arabia's tribes and towns to Islam,
which Muslims maintained united the
individual believer, the state, and
society under God's will. Islamic
rulers, therefore, exercised temporal
and religious authority. Islamic law
(sharia), which was derived primarily
of Darfur.
In the east they had defeated the
Ethiopians, but the victory produced
no permanent gain.
In the southern Sudan the Mahdists
had scored some initial successes but
were driven from the upper Nile in
1897 by the forces of the Congo Free
State of Leopold II of Belgium.
On the Egyptian frontier in the north
the jihad met its worst defeat at
Tushki in August 1889, when an AngloEgyptian army under General F.W.
(later Baron) Grenfell destroyed a
Mahdist army led by 'Abd ar-Rahman
an-Nujumi.
The Mahdist state had squandered its
resources on the jihad, and a period of
consolidation and contraction
followed, necessitated by a sequence
of bad harvests resulting in famine,
epidemic, and death.
Economic Development
The signing of the Addis Ababa
Agreement enabled economic
development in The Sudan to proceed
using funds that had previously been
Southern reaction
Even before the official demise of the
agreement, the civil war between the
African Christians of the south and the
Muslim Arabs of the north had
resumed with even greater ferocity
than before. There had been sporadic
uprisings in the south since the
sanctuary in Ethiopia.
Thousands perished fleeing the
endemic East African famine, or in the
camps for the displaced where they
received no relief from the Khartoum
government, which was determined to
crush the SPLA as the initial step in a
policy to Islamize the non-Muslims of
the southern Sudan.
ShareThis
ANCIENT EGYPT INDEX
ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS INDEX
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF ALL FILES
CRYSTALINKS HOME PAGE
PSYCHIC READING WITH ELLIE
2012 THE ALCHEMY OF TIME
The advent of the Prophet Muhammad
(SAW) changed the face of the history
of mankind in a manner that this
world has never seen before. Since
the first man and prophet Adam (AS)
was sent down to Earth, Allah sent
many prophets and messengers to
guide mankind to the Truth and to the
Straight Path. Soon after the deaths of
these prophets, their followers
deviated from the teachings and
corrupted the religion of Allah. He
rejuvenated the Truth as taught by the
previous prophets and messengers,
and re-established the Law of Allah on
were returned.
`Abdul Muttalib went back, and along
with the other Makkans, prayed to
Allah (SWT) to help them and to
protect the Ka`bah. He then advised
the Makkans to take safety on the
hills surrounding the city. The next
day, Abraha and his army go ready to
march towards Makkah. The elephant
was to lead the army from the front.
However, Nufayl, the reluctant guide,
had learnt some of the words used to
command the elephant, and when
Unays (keeper of the elephant) was
unaware, he commanded the elephant
to kneel. When Unays saw this
happening, he ordered it to get up.
But Nufayl's command had coincided
with a command more powerful the
any man's -- Allah (SWT)'s command.
They beat the elephant with iron bars,
poked hooks in his belly, but the
elephant would just not move. Finally,
610 AD
Muhammad's (SAW) call to
Prophethood in the Cave of Hira. The
angel Jibra'il (Gabriel) (AS) appears to
him and orders him to read. The first
verses "Read, in the name of thy Lord,
who created..." (96:1-5) are revealed.
613 AD
Beginning of public preaching.
Beginning of persecution of Muslims
by the powerful leaders of Quraysh.
Some Muslims are murdered (Yasir
and his wife Summayah), some burnt
and beaten on the scorching sands
(Bilal, etc.) and some beaten and
whipped (`Uthman, Khabbab,
`Ammar, etc.). (RA)
615 AD
Emigration of around 70 Muslims to
Abyssinia to escape persecution and
News
Christianity
Islam
Answering Hadith-Rejecters
About Us
place?
Why didnt Umar ibn Khattab (ra)
carry out the commandment of
expelling the Jews from Hijaz, but only
did so towards the end of his life?
The only probable explanation is that
such commandment was only given of
the Jews of Hijaz if they were to break
the treaty that was between Muslims
and them (Kitab amwaal, Abu Ubayd).
And hence, would make more sense
that the two religions will not exists
because at the time, the Jews of
Khaybar were very hostile to the
Muslim community, as we have
already read about them, that they
committed all kinds of crimes against
Muslims.
Conclusion:
It is very important whenever we read
religious scripture, not to rush to make
judgement on it without thorough
investigation of the historical
TwitterFacebook85TumblrGooglePinter
estRedditEmailPrintPocketLinkedIn
Related
Social Conditions: Christians And Jews
In Early Period Of Islam
In "Islam"
Expedition Of Umar Ibn Al-Khatab To
Turabah (Turba)
In "News"
Jewish Tribe Banu Qurayza [Part 2]
In "News"
Tagged as: Arabia, Exile, Hijaz, history,
Islam, Jews, Umar Ibn Khattab
Re-Examining Banu
Qurayzah Incident
Are Humans Sinners By Nature And In
The Heart?
2 Responses
1.
Trackbacks
1. Was Muhammad a Man of
Peace? A Detailed Response to Nabeel
Qureshi by Tahir Nasser ~ Patheos |
Scholarly Islam
2. Was Muhammad a Man of
Peace? A Detailed Response to Nabeel
Qureshi Tahir Nasser
Leave a Reply
Recent Articles
Safiyyah, Huyayy, Kinana And
Khaybar Affair July 4, 2016
Muslim Father And Son Viciously
Attacked In Nottingham July 3, 2016
200 Thousand Christian Children
Were Married Before 10 In India July 1,
2016
Islamic Scholars Issue Fatwa
Against Honour Killings In Pakistan
July 1, 2016
Ibn Rizam An
Safiyyah, Huyayy, Ki on ReExamining Banu Qurayzah
Safiyyah, Huyayy, Ki on Abu Rafi
ibn Abi Al-Huq
Secularising Sharia: on Response To
Taqiyya
Paul Williams on Re-Examining Banu
Qurayzah
Paul Williams on 200 Thousand
Christian Childre
Discover The Truth on Islamic Scholars
Issue Fatwa A
ModWestMuse on Islamic Scholars
Issue Fatwa A
Avesta.
In the first and second chapters of the
Bundahishnih we read:
"Ahriman was and is in darkness and
after-knowledge51 and the desire of
inflicting injury, and in the abyss. ...
And that injuriousness and that
darkness too are a place which they
call the dark region. Ormazd in his
omniscience knew that Ahriman
existed, because he" that is,
Ahriman "excites himself and
intermingles himself with the desire of
envy even unto the end. ... They"
(Ormazd and Ahriman) "were for three
thousand years in spirit, that is, they
were without change and motion. ...
The injurious spirit, on account of his
after- knowledge, was not aware of
the existence of Ormazd. At last he
rises from that abyss, and he came to
the bright place; and, since he saw
that brightness of Ormazd, ... because
above.
5. The Bridge of the Dead.
This is called in the Muhammadan
Traditions As-Sirat or "The Way." There
are many details given about this
marvellous bridge, which is said to be
finer than a hair and sharper than a
sword. It stretches right over the
abyss of hell, and is the only way of
passing from earth to heaven on the
Judgment Day. All will be commanded
to cross it. The pious Muslim will do so
without difficulty, guided by the
angels; but the unbeliever, unable to
cross, will fall headlong into hell fire.
Though the word Sirat is used in the
Qur'an in the metaphorical sense of a
way, as in the phrase As Siratu'l
Mustaqim ("the Right Way," Surah I.,
Al Fatihah, et passim), yet it is not
properly an Arabic word at all. Its
derivation shows the origin of the
importance.
One of these is the Muslim belief that
every prophet before his death gave
notice of the coming of his successor.
This idea finds no support in the Bible,
where we find prophecies of the
coming of the Messiah, but nothing to
give rise to the Muhammadan theory.
It is probably borrowed from a
Zoroastrian work called the Dasatir i
Asmani. This work claims to be of very
great antiquity, and (owing doubtless
to the difficulty of making any sense
out of the original64 text) is believed
by many of the modern Parsis to be
"composed in the language of
heaven"! An interlinear translation
into the old Dari dialect of Persian,
however, accompanies the text, which
is said to have been discovered in
Persia early in the last century, and
was edited by Mulla Firuz of Bombay.
It consists of fifteen tractates which
NOVANEWS
Banu Qaynuqa tribe = JEWS!!!
readings!
King Faisal Al-Saud at that time could
not deny his familys kindred with the
Jews when he declared to the
Washington Post on Sept. 17, 1969
stating: We, The Saudi family, are
cousins of the Jews: we entirely
disagree with any Arab or Muslem
Authority which shows any
antagonism to the Jews; but we must
live together with them in peace. Our
country (Arabia) is the Fountain head
from where the first Jew sprang, and
his descendants spread out all over
the world. That was the declaration
of King Faisal AL-Saud Bin Abdul Aziz!
Read More!
Are The Saudi Royal Family Jewish?
THE SAUDI FAMILY CONCEAL THEIR
JEWISH ORIGIN
The Saudi Dynasty:
!!!!!!!!
.
. manel ferral says:March 14,
2013 at 8:00 pmThe FKE jews and the
Saudis and most catholic leaders are
Kenites ( Seed of Cain) Cain was
seed of Satin/Serpent.
.
. kamal says:March 14, 2013 at
10:19 pmBy reading that, the Haji
rituals is the work of Jews, that is to
say is shirik, the hadiths could also
created by them denouncing the rest
of Prophets. They are making 30 USD
billion annually by telling false
teaching about Islam.
.
. Heidi says:April 21, 2013 at 1:40
amThe white Je ws are NOT
European. They have different DNA
and Phenotype than
Caucasian/Europeans.The Chinese
have these people in their histories
3:20 pm
Assalamualaikumwarohmatullahi
wabarokatuhDear Ba Aden; You had
answered the above subject and
dilemma superbly and precisely
according to the Hadis Rasulullah
(PBUH)..keep it up,it was an eye
opening for a person like myself who
are not familiar with the Arabic Geopolitic and historykeep it up my dear
Brother.To me it is quiet difficult to see
through a wolf who disguise himself as
a sheep by covering himself with the
sheep woolmasyaAllah,as the wise
man says in order to see things that
are invisible to your eyes,you can only
see the hidden thing by looking at
things that are visible eyesif you go
to the city of Mecca Al-Mukaramah did
you notice that all the doors to enter
to the Kaabah are name after Kings
name and their famillies or kins
instead of naming after the prophet or
Leave a Reply
Name (required)
Mail (will not be published) (required)
Website
Popular
Latest
Comments
Tags
Subscribe
HomeIslamAhmadiyyatHoly
QuranLibraryOnline Store
A BOOK OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE
Book Links
Title
Table of Content
Foreword
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6
Second EditionCompiled byWaheed
Ahmad
SECTION 3
THE LIFE OF THE HOLY PROPHET
MUHAMMAD(PEACE AND BLESSINGS
OF ALLAH BE UPON HIM)
KHATAMANNABIYYEEN(SEAL OF THE
PROPHETS)
THE SEMITIC RACE ANDTHE
BACKGROUND OF ISLAM
The Arabs belong to the Semitic race.
Of all the various races in the world,
the Semitic people have perhaps
contributed the most to the civilization
of Man. Arabia, the birth place of
Islam, is considered to be the probable
cradle of the Semitic race. In the
course of time these Semitic people
migrated into different parts of the
Fertile Crescent and became known as
the Babylonians, Assyrians,
Chaldaeans, Amorites, Phoenicians,
Canaanites, and the Hebrews of
history.
It was the people of the Semitic race
who gave the world its three greatest
monotheistic religions: Judaism,
Christianity and Islam. The term
Semite is derived from Shem, the
Muslims to death.
As a result of Sa'd bin Muadh's
judgment, all the male members of
the Banu Quraysh tribe who were of
fighting age were executed and their
women, children and elders expelled,
who went to Syria.
Many historians have commented that
the Banu Quraysh made a tactical
mistake in asking one of their own
allies to decide their fate. The Mosaic
Law was very strict in such matters
and any person honestly passing a
judgment under this law could not be
too lenient. The historians believe that
if the Banu Quraysh had entrusted
their fate to the Prophet Muhammad
himself, he would have definitely
forgiven their excesses and, at the
most, expelled them from Medinah.
CHARTER FOR THE CHRISTIANS
In the sixth year of the Hijrah, the
Prophet granted to all Christians a
him:
"This day have I perfected for you
your religion and completed upon you
my favour and have chosen for you
Islam as Religion (5:4)
This is believed to be the last
revelation received by the Holy
Prophet and with it the process of
Quranic revelations, spanning a period
of twenty two years, came to a close.
THE PROPHET'S ILLNESS
Two months after returning from the
farewell pilgrimage, the Holy Prophet
fell ill. One day, after having led the
Prayer, he addressed the people
present in the mosque. He said,
"There is a slave among the slaves of
God to whom God has offered the
choice between this world and that
which is with Him. And the slave has
chosen that which is with God." When
Abu Bakr heard these words, he began
to weep; for he understood that the
Previous
Next
Contact Sitemap Affiliated
women.
At last, enraged with his
mischief, the Holy Prophet (upon
whom be Allah's peace) sent
Muhammad bin Maslamah Ansari in
Rabi al-Awwal, A. H. 3, and had him
slain. (Ibn Sad, Ibn Hisham, Tabari).
UNQUOTE.
*** Muhammad had EVERYONE
and anyone who had opposed him by
verse or by deed,SLAUGHTERED or
ASSASSINATED through guile and
betrayal.
The Ahadith are the best source
for describing in detail these acts of
wanton MURDER andDECEPTION.
Tabari VIII:23 "The Messenger and his
Unfortunately, Muhammad's
original perception of his mission as
the 'Moses' of the pagan Arabs,slowly
transformed itself into a more militant
and uncompromising self esteem as a
prophet to all mankind and especially
to the Jews.
Muhammad actually started to
perceive himself and believe that he
was, the promised Messiah.
The 'Jews', for very good reasons,
refused to accept him as a prophet
- especially since he was not bringing
about any new concepts or ideas
which were either equal to, or superior
to theirs.
Because of his grandiose claims
to prophethood and his alleged
revelations, they constantly
questioned and ridiculed him,
who
reneged, cheated and betrayed ALL
agreements he made with EVERYONE
the moment he had the upper hand to
suit and fulfill his agenda ***
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 5.519
Narrated byAbu Imran
Anas looked at the people wearing
Tailsans (i.e. a special kind of head
covering worn by Jews in old days). On
that Anas said, "At this moment they
(i.e. those people) look like the Jews of
Khaibar."
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 9.77
Narrated byAbu Huraira
While we were in the mosque, Allah's
Apostle came out to us and said, "Let
us proceed to the Jews." So we went
along with him till we reached Bait-alMidras (a place where the Torah used
to be recited and all the Jews of the
*** In the tradition of the Jews unlike Muhammad and his followers they are prohibited from pronouncing
the name of God in vain. That is why
they refused to take the oath.
The followers of Muhammad on
the other hand, pronounce the name
ALLAH innumerable times a day with
complete disregard as to the veracity
of what they are saying.
Muhammad left his legacy of
HATEMONGERING, WARMONFERING,
DECEPTION & BETRAYAL, forever
embedded in his Quran.
That is why during the last 1450
years of Muhammadan Islam and for
the forseeable future, his followers
THINK, ACT and BEHAVE in his exact
same manner.
insect.
Prior to casting the larval skin, just
before pupation, the larva
becomes more contracted and
assumes a pinkish colouration; the
anal
end becomes markedly crenated. The
length of the larva in this stage
is only 23 mm.
Pupa. When the larval skin is cast,
the pupa is at first white,
subsequently turning to a light
orange-brown. The pupa shows the
outline of the perfect insect. The wing
and elytra cases are curled
over the lateral and on to the ventral
surface of the abdomen, and are
supported along the upper and lower
edges by the mid and posterior
pairs of legs. The Head is depressed
ventrally and supported on either
to denote a non-Arab
country.
It is probable that shortly before or in
early Christian times there
was a migration of pastoral Hamites
from Asia into Eastern Africa
abutting on Asia, the Galla preceding.
This, migration was
contemporary with that of the peoples
designated by Sir H. Johnston
as " Eed Sea Kushites " (Hadendowa,
Danakil, etc.) and was a little
to the Southwards.
Thence, by reason of pressure from
fresh immigrants the first
comers were forced to seek new
pastures, either in the West between
the forest and desert near the great
rivers, or Southwards towards the
mountains of Eastern Africa.
Dado."
The island of Koyama is said to have
been peopled from Kismayu
owing to the Galla raids on that port.
But on the other hand some
of the islanders claim to be descended
from the Garreh, a semi-pagan
tribe, closely allied to the Galla-Somali
group and inhabiting part of
the coast near Merca in Italian
Somaliland and the country about
Dolo
in the north of the Kenya Province of
Jubaland. Again a
.Koran in one of the mosques on
Koyama Island shows a pedigree of
a present-day family for some ten
generations; in this, first may be
noticed pagan Galla nomenclature,
next plain Islamic names, later
at about the height of the ivory and
slave tra^e t.he titles of " Haji "
and " Said," and finally the presentday return to ordinary Moslem
names. An aged baobab tree on the
mainland directly opposite to
this Island also bears numerous tribal
marks identified by Galla as
peculiar to themselves which the
islanders state were carved by their
progenitors before they crossed from
the mainland.
The Galla then originated in Central or
Southern Arabia, crossed
the Bed Sea, penetrated into the
foothills of Abyssinia, turned South,
leaving substantial settlements of
their blood behind them, and were
driven to their last outpost along the
Tana Biver by conflict with the
Somali, a race which they had helped
to found.
The Somali.
Culture
The Inconvenient Truth About Jews
From Arab Lands: They Were Expelled
Adi SchwartzJune 1, 2014getty images
(Haaretz) Nathan Weinstock hadnt
planned to write a book about the
Jews of Arab lands. But when he
looked for information about the
modern history of Moroccan or Iraqi
Jewry, he was surprised to discover
that there was no book in French that
told the story of the elimination of the
Jewish communities in the Middle East
and North Africa in the mid-20th
century.
In the end, he says, I decided to
write it myself.
One of the surprising discoveries he
made was about the powerful bond
with their roots felt by many of the
roughly 1 million Jews in North Africa
and the Middle East who left their
Read more:
http://forward.com/culture/199257/the
-inconvenient-truth-about-jews-fromarab-lands/#ixzz4DP7TP6QY
INDIA AND ETHIOPIAFROM THE
SEVENTH CENTURY B. C.BYSUNITY
KUMAR CHATTERJINational Professor of
India in HumanitiesEmeritus Professor
of Comparative PhilologyIn the
University of CalcuttaASIATIC SOCIETY
1 PARK STREET CALCUTTA16 1968
( Published by the Asiatic Society
andPrinted by George A. Nullis, Baptist
Mission Press 41a Acharyya Jagdish
Bose Road, Calcutta 17.)IX
THE `HABSHIS' (ABYSSINIANS OR
ETHIOPIANS INCLUDING GALLAS
Home
Congratulation to US 45th President
Barack Hossain Obama
Executive & Advisory Board Members
700 Years old Sufi Dynasty Heritage &
Records
Heritage & Records of Sufis of Azimpur
Dayera Sharif
The Creators First Creation-The light of
Mohammad (SM)
PRESS RELEASE, DCB UN Inc
Summary of His Eminency Dr. Hazrat
Shah Sufi M N Alam's Biography
Press Release of His Eminency Dr. M N
Alam's Vision of Millennium Prophecy
Universal Message
Alam's Vision of Bangladesh
Table of Contents
Title Pages
Introduction
.
Statement of the
Problem
Objectives of the
research
Research
Questions
..
Methods of data
Collection
..
King
Nejash
..
The First March to
Ethiopia..
How Nejash Treated the
Immigrants..........................................
The Quraysh
Messengers
..
References
.
Annexes
.
Introduction
There is a common and established
King Nejash
Since Ethiopians evacuated from
Yemen, the relationship with the
Arabian Peninsula was interrupted.
According to several Arabian authentic
history and resourceful record,
between the years 575-630 G.C, there
were two attention-seeking kings in
Ethiopia. The first king was ruling the
state of Abissinya or the Habesha
peole before the Holy Koran came in
to existence as a guiding document of
human beings. The second one lived
during the era of Prophet Mohammed
(PBUH). The former one was known by
the name Abhar while the latters
name is Ashama Ibn Abhar. Ashama
had a friendly relationship with the
Arab world.
After a successful coup detats on the
throne of king Abhar, he was
assassinated. Architects of the coup
brought his brother to the throne (who
.
Amu Aymen, an Ethiopian woman, had
influenced the psychology of the
Prophet Mohammed (PBUH). She was
the slave of Abdalah Bin Abdul
Mutolib. She was there when Abdalah
married the prophets mother, Amina.
In addition, Amu Aymen was behind
Amina when she gave birth to the
Prophet. While Amina went to visit her
relatives in Medina, Amu Aymen feed
her breast to the Prophet Mohammed
(PBUH). Amina could not come back to
Mecca, rather passed away while she
was in the middle of her journey. Since
then, Amu Aymen along with Arabian
mother Halima, became the second
mother of the Prophet Mohammed
(PBUH). She nourished the Prophet
while he was living with his
grandfather Abdel Mutolib and his
uncle Abu Tualib. The Prophet
Mohammed (PBUH) witnessed this
Bin Wehib
53. Usman Bin Abd Bin Genem
Bin Zehir
54. Usman Bin Sherid Bin
Suweyd
55. Usman Bin Affan Bin Abel As
Bin Ummeyah
56. Usman Bin Mezun Bin Habib
Bin Wehib
57. Adiy Bin Nedlah Bin
Abdeluzza Bin Harsan Bin Awf
58. Urwet Bin Asaseh (Ibn Abi
Asaseh) Bin Abdeluzza
59. Ammar Bin Yasir Bin Amir Bin
Malik Bin Kinanar
60. Omer Bin Sufian Bin
Abdelased Bin Hilal Bin Abdelah
61. Omer Bin Umeya Bin Hirs Bin
Ased Bin Abdeluzza
62. Amr Bin Umeya Bin Huweylid
Bin Abdelah
63. Amr Bin Al-Jehim
64. Omer Bin Abi Serh Bin Rabiah
2. Sharif Abdalla
3. Alley Bin Nadla
His Eminency Dr. Alam 43rd decedent
of the Prophet, as the capacity of the
President of the World Spiritual
Assembly and chief of the mission of
the WHRSC and UNECA Civil Society
Representative tried to find out the
history of King Nejash. In the month of
Muhrem 11th January 2009, after 4
years of search, finally find out the
King Nejashs mosque and grave
accompanied by his spiritual son Dr.
Selahadin and his secretary Dr.
Meskerem Melaku (Meryem), Orthodox
Christian, the gift of King Nejash.
References
-Ofcansky, Thomas P.; LaVerle Berry
(1991). Ethiopia and the Early Islamic
Period
-Islam in Ethiopia. Mohammed Toib Ibn
Yusuus Al-Yusuf Translated to Amharic
by
-Edris Mohammed. Nejash Publishing,
Addis Ababa
-The list is derived from the Arabic
book by Mohammed Toib Ibn Yusuus
Al-Yusuf, and Edris Mohammeds
Ethiopia and Islam Books.
-Authentic History of the World, By His
Eminency Dr. Hazrat Shah Sufi
Front
Table of Contents
Prev
Next
https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/b/burt
on/richard/b97f/chapter4.html
Last updated Sunday, March 27, 2016
at 11:51
About Yemen:
Location
Maps
Climate and weather
Geographical Divisions
Historical Background
Links:
Yemen Parliament
President
Central Bank of Yemen
Ministry of Planning
General Investment Authority
Ministry of Planning
Tax Authority
Customs Authority
Ministry of Oil
Location
The Republic of Yemen lies in the
South of Arabia (The Arabian
Peninsula), south-west of Asia,
between latitudes 12 and 20 degrees
to the north of the equator, and
between longitudes 41and 54 degrees
to the south of Greenwich, bordered
on the north by Saudi Arabia, on the
south by the Arab Sea and the Gulf of
Aden, on the east by the Sultanate of
Oman and on the west by the Red
Sea.
back
Maps
The administrative units of the
Republic of Yemen consist of 19
Governates and the capital
secretariat, the city of Sana'a. Each
Governate is composed of a number
of' districts and centers, the
Governates are as follows: Sana'a,
Aden, Taiz, Hudaidah, Hadhramout,
Sa'da, Al .Jouf. Marib, 'Shabwa, Abyan,
Dhamar, Ibb, Lahj, Mahweet, AlMahara, Al-Baydha, Hajja, Amran, AlDhalia.
back
Climate and weather
Since Yemen is endowed with a varied
topography, the climate, in general,
Sheba
is the oldest of the Yemeni
civilizations. Historians consider the
start of the Sabean Dynasty as the
beginning of historical accounts for
Yemen's ancient states. This historical
period began in 715BC, the year when
Yathea'a Amirbayn, one of the oldest
Macarabi, King of Sheba, paid
protection money to Serjoun, the King
of Assyria, as told by the Assyrian
annals.
The first line of Sabean Macarabis and
kings existed around the same time as
the kings of Ma'een. The only time
Ma'een was defeated was by Sheba,
its neighbor. The sovereignty of Sheba
also extended to cover the ancient
states of Osan, Qataban and
image:
http://syrianperspective.com/wpcontent/uploads/2015/03/Yemenkhat4.jpg
No, this is not Nellie Fox, the
legendary American baseball player.
He is a typical Yemeni who is about to
be turned into a savage fighting
machine thanks to the blundering of
the Saudi apes.
There are 2 things which enliven a
Yemeni male: the first is Qaat, the
narcotic plant that provides much of
Yemens happiness and, sadly, its
relegation to the lowest domains of
the Third World. The second is
invasion. The Yemenis dont like to be
invaded and predictably make the
lives of invaders most unpleasant.
Whether its the Romans, Egyptians,
http://syrianperspective.com/wpcontent/uploads/2015/03/85512.jpg
Photo of Saudi ape reconnaissance
aircraft crashing after being shot down
by Yemeni air defenses a few miles
west of Sanaaa`. Prepare for many
more of these scenes. The airplane
might have been a pilotless drone.
You would think President Sisi would
pause for a moment to scrutinize what
he was doing and where he was going
to send his troops. The disastrous
Egyptian intervention in Yemen is still
within the parameters of his memory.
And, King Abdullah II, whose own
family lost Mecca and all Arabia to the
self-same codpieces, jackdaws and
child molesters who presently rule in
Riyaadh, should sit down at his PlayStation to ruminate over the mess he
already has on his border with Syria
Read more at
http://syrianperspective.com/2015/03/
yemen-happy-arabia-about-to-makesaudi-arabia-veryunhappy.html#LlO0wbScD2VFReVx.99
Rasta Livewire
Search
SKIP TO CONTENT
ABOUTCONTACTFAQ
AFRICA HOUSE, ARTICLES, PROPHET,
RASTAS
WHO ARE THESE MODERN DAY
EGYPTIANS? BY MOUSTAFA GADALLA
JUNE 27, 2010 DON JAIDE 60
COMMENTS
Moustafa Gadalla is an EgyptianAmerican independent Egyptologist,
who was born in Cairo, Egypt in 1944.
He holds a Bachelor of Science degree
in civil engineering from Cairo
University.
Gadalla is the author of eleven
Egyptian roots.
Because of such a contrast, many
people invent answers that have
absolutely no scientific and/or
historical basis whatsoever. Here are
some of the baseless statements:
The Moslem population of Egypt
(about 90%) are Arab settlers from the
Arab Peninsula (Saudi Arabia.) The
Christian population (about 10%) are
the true Egyptians, referred to as
Copts, and the descendants of the
ancient Egyptians.
The Moslem population of Egypt is of a
mixed blood, of ancient Egyptian and
the Arabs who invaded Egypt in 640
CE. The ancient Egyptian blood does
not exist anymore.
Read the article, The Christian Copts
of Egypt to find the true un-Egyptian
origin of the Christian population of
Egypt.
As for the Egyptian population status,
day Egypt.
Romans & Early Christians in Egypt
When the Romans arrived in
Alexandria, they gave preferred
treatment to the Jews. Augustus
granted self-government to the
Hellenized Jews of Alexandria. This
caused great consternation among the
Greeks, who had lived there for a
longer period of time. The Romans
reinforced foreign settlement, by
bringing in more foreigners. The
Jewish colony in Alexandria is said to
have had a population of 1 million in
the 1st century CE.
Christianity arrived early in
Alexandria, from Judaea and Syria.
After all, Christianity is basically a
Judean offshoot. The Romans
encouraged and facilitated more
immigration from Syria to Egypt.
Christian Rampage
In 312 CE, Christianity was made the
Chalcedon decree.
Did Cyrus prosecute the
Monophysites, or did they ask for his
actions by rejecting him and his
authority? By extension, they had
been prosecuting the land and people
of Egypt (their host) for several
centuries, and ironically, Cyrus, the
Christian, gave them a taste of their
own medicine.
Christians Gift to Mohammed
In 627 CE, when Mohammed, the
Islam founder, consolidated his power
in the Arab Peninsula, and felt himself
strong enough to challenge the
submission of the rulers of the world
to Islam, his new religion, he caused
letters to be written to several
neighboring rulers, including letters to
George, wrongly called the Mukaukas,
governor of Alexandria and the
Melkite Viceroy of Egypt (621-631); to
Chosroes, King of Persia; and to
Related Posts:
A Muur from Aswan Egypt
Afro-Celtic: The ancient Celts
and their African roots
Saint Aidan of Lindisfarne The
Black man who brought
Ethiopia the first Christian
Nation By Brendan
How Japan saved itself from
Christianity, how Africa did not
Post navigation
PREVIOUS POST
Is the real Al Gore A Crazed Sex
Poodle? Breaking News
NEXT POST
Louis Farrakhan Demands Reparations
from Jews News Report
60 THOUGHTS ON WHO ARE THESE
MODERN DAY EGYPTIANS? BY
MOUSTAFA GADALLA
COMMENT NAVIGATION
OLDER COMMENTS
. jzaidanFEBRUARY 27, 2011 AT
1:48 PM@JahdeyI assume you are
Negro (Black colour in Latin), since I
dont know what Sub-Saharan
nationality you are or which tribe you
belong to? Senegalese, Congolese,
Sudanese, Ugandan, Kenyan,
Tanzanian, Namibian, etc. Are from
Rwanda? Or are you a Hutu or Tutsi?
Are you Masai? I have NO IDEA.
However, I have made it clear that I
am Misri or Egyptian. NOT an
AARAAB. I believe already explained
that in an earlier post.REPLY
. JahdeyFEBRUARY 28, 2011 AT
9:02 AMTurkiI told you before that we
do not humour trash talkers. You need
to talk your disgusting self and move
over to some Turkic websites where
you can scratch each others balls and
tell old wife Turkic tales to one
another.You demonstrated a painful
Origin_and_dispersalIt is a mystery as
to how a species of African Calabash
became domesticated in the
Americas; its even proposed that it
drifted across the Bering Strait despite
the fact that its a sub-tropical species,
all because Euro-scientist have
determined that America was first
colonized by Asians or Europeans.
Despite the fact that the Olmec
present themselves as negroid.
http://bafsudralam.blogspot.com/2009
/01/west-african-calabashcalendars.htmlREPLY
. hariseldonFEBRUARY 28, 2011
AT 5:03 PM@Jahdey (aka wannabe
supernigger)You made an example out
of no one. Except yourself. That you
dont even have chocolate salty balls.
Our ancient Egyptian forefathers were
wrong about two things: that the Nile
flowed downward and that the Nile
Delta was South, while our neighbours
. karibkweenMARCH 1, 2011 AT
4:03 PMthe Amazigh Berbers are
the first peoples of Africa between 3
Million to 700,000 BCDoes this mean
the Amazigh are Neandertal?Homo
sapiens Idaltu, the first homo sapien
according to anthropologists is only
known to have existed less than
200kya in South Africa and the Afar
region of modern day Ethiopia; so
from whom did your ancestors
descend?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapi
ens_idaltuAre there Tamasheq
speakers in Abyssinia and South
Africa?Also to the ancestors of the
ancient Egyptians the Nile flowed
down from the top of the world which
was identified with the equator, the
point where the days and nights are
virtually the same length everywhere
on the planet twice annually. The
same people who began figuring time
LEAVE A REPLY
Your email address will not be
published. Required fields are marked
*
Comment
Name *
Email *
Website
CAPTCHA Code
*
SEARCH
Search for:
RASTA QUICKLINKS
Log in
Entries RSS
Comments RSS
RECENT POSTS
HAITI BECOMES PART OF THE
AFRICAN UNION
xii
CONTENTS.
PAGE
6.
Mohammed's withdrawal from the
compromise fans afresh the flames of
ridicule and persecution,
92-93
7.
The two important conversions of
Hamza and Omar take place
notwithstanding the prevailing
persecution,
93-97
8.
After these conversions, persecution
bursts out more fiercely, and
Mohammed, with his entire family, is
put under a ban,
97-99
9.
Mohammed, bereft by death of
Khadija and Abu Talib, finds Mecca
increasingly unsympathetic, and at
last fixedly hostile,
99-101
10.
140-152
6.
The Meccans, under a sense of their
disgraceful defeat at Bedr, stir up
their confederates against
Mohammed, and avenge themselves
by the decided victory at Ohod,
152-159
7.
In consequence of his defeat at Ohod,
Mohammed has to meet several
hostile demonstrations of Bedouin
tribes, and afterwards a protracted
siege of Medina by a formidable
Meccan army,
159-168
8.
Mohammed's anti-Jewish policy leads
to the heartless over throw of the
Jewish tribes of Medina, and the unjust
PAGE
9.
Mohammed extends his policy of
conquest, subjugation, and plunder to
a number of Bedouin tribes, and
injures Mecca whenever he can,
185-188
10.
Mohammed shows his veneration for
the Kaaba by arranging a pompous
pilgrimage to it; but the Koreish
prevent his caravan of pilgrims from
196-203
13.
After the conquest of Mecca,
Mohammed's power rapidly increases,
and he gains the important battle of
Honein, which yields him an immense
booty, and leads to the capitulation of
the rich town of Taif,
203-206
14.
Mohammed starts with a military
expedition against the Roman empire,
but only reaches as far as Tabuk,
whence he despatches some troops
against Duma, and then returns,
206-210
15.
The Arab power of resistance being
broken by the rapid extension of
Mohammed's triumphs, so many
18.
Mohammed seeks to tighten his grasp
on Arabia by the despatch of
Collectors or Residents to its different
provinces; and then directs his
earnest attention to a fresh attack
upon the Roman empire, by collecting
an army to invade Syria,
224-228
19.
Mohammed is arrested in his career of
conquests and sensuality by the
unsparing hand of death,
229-233
20.
Mohammed has scarcely closed his
eyes, when discord among his
followers threatens to break up the
whole fabric he had erected; but Abu
Bekr manages to be chosen first Calif,