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Te ac hi ng

Prayers
A step-by-step instructional guide to learn how to pray

A Publication of
Jamia Mosque Committee, Nairobi-Kenya
NOT FOR SALE
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In the Name of Allaah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

TEACHING PRAYERS
Second Edition 1437 H/ 2016 CE

Prepared by
Jamia Mosque Dawah Office
P. O. Box 100786-00101 Nairobi
Tel: 2243504/5 Email:majlis@gmail.com
www.jamiamasjidkenya.com
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INTRODUCTION
This book (Teaching Prayers) has been prepared for the general Muslims for
prayers in Islam has a very high lofty status. If the peak of the matter is Islam,
indeed its pillar is Prayer.
We have made The Way of Ablution and Prayer in picture format for this
model has great positive effects in explaining clearly, introducing and for comprehension.
And indeed we have exerted ourselves to commence this book of ours to explain the meaning of Ibaadah (worship), which is very important for everyone
to understand and comprehend and then the status of prayers in Islam so that
everybody will try his/ her utmost to actualize it in his/ her life. This is to create hope in its significance, fear and explaining its great sin for the one who
abandons it.
We have taken the simple format of this booklet from that of Sh. Abu Abdur-Rahman Awadh Lutwfi for easier understanding and implementation in
our daily life.
And lastly, we are sure that this work is liable to err, slip, deficiency and forgetfulness. This is the nature of human beings. In case, you come across any of the
above and you are going to get do not be stingy on us with your excellent
advices. And indeed, Allaah for every good is a Guarantor. And Allaah Alone is
Sufficient for us, and He is the Best Disposer of affairs for us. We wind up with
the supplication of Praise and thanks to Allaah, the Sustainer and Cherisher of
the universe.

IBAADAH IN ISLAM
The word Ibaadah comes from the Arabic Abd, which means slave or servant. Man is born subject and servant of Allaah.
When he turns to Allaah with humility and devotion, he performs an act of
Ibaadah. Ibaadah is a means of purifying mans physical and spiritual life. In
Islam, every good deed performed to seek the pleasure of Allaah is an act of
worship.
The obligatory rituals of Ibaadah are Prayers (Swalah), Fasting (Swawm), Zakah,
Pilgrimage (Hajj). These along with Shahaadah are often called the pillars of
Islam. Islam is an integral whole. It covers all aspects of mans life. The pillars
unite all human activities, spiritual and material, individual and collective.
The obligatory rituals of Ibaadah make Faith (Iymaan) to play a practical and
effective role in human life. Ibaadah is therefore something positive. It is the
means by which the faithful can serve Allaah as well as their fellow men.
The Prayer, which is the subject of this booklet, is an essential part of Ibaadah.
The Prophet (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: Prayer is the pillar of Islam,
whoever abandons it, demolishes the very pillar of Religion (al-Bayhaqiy).
Prayer and its status in Islam
Prayer in Islam has a high status, which is not reached by any other kind of
worship. It is the pillar of Diyn, which does not stand without it. This is due to
the saying of the Prophet (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam): The peak of the
matter is Islam, the pillar is Prayer; and the topmost part is Jihaad (At-Tirmidhiy: 2619 in al-Iymaan).
Indeed, many kinds of worship are embodied in it such as: Remembrance of
Allaah, recitation of the Qur-aan, standing in front of the Rabb (Sustainer and
Cherisher) of the universe, bowing, prostration, supplication, glorification and
magnifying Allaah.
Verily, Islam has intensively taken care of prayer by commanding its preservation under all circumstances: while one is a resident and also traveling, and
in peace and fear.
And Allaah has extolled those who strictly guard their prayers and has promised them. He (Subhaanahu wa Taala) says: And who strictly guard their
Prayers. These are indeed the inheritors. Who shall inherit the Paradise. They
shall dwell therein forever (Al-Muminuun 23: 9 11).
And verily, pressure has been exerted to any who neglect and delay it out of

its prescribed time. The Exalted says: So woe to the performers of prayers.
Who are neglectful (delay) of their Prayers (Al-Maauun 17: 4 5). And the
Messenger of Allaah (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: What lies between
a person and polytheism and unbelief is renouncing Prayer (Muslim 82).
And it is the first deed, which was made obligatory by Allaah, the Exalted
to His servants. And indeed, Allaah has made it compulsory to His Prophet
Muhammad (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam) the night of al-Israa wal Miraaj
(Night journey from Makkah to al-Quds and then Ascension to the seven Heavens) before migration (to Madiynah). This proves its honour and dignity.
And it is the first act, which will be accounted for in the Day of Judgment.
This is in accordance with the saying of the Prophet (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa
sallam): The first of his actions for which a servant will be held accountable
on the Day of Resurrection will be his prayers. If they are in order, then all his
actions will be in order; and if they are wanting, all the deeds will be wanting.1
And it was the last advice, which the Messenger of Allaah (Swalla Llaahu
alayhi wa sallam) instructed his Ummah upon his leaving the world (for the
next).
And it is the last deed, which will be lost from the Diyn. When it is lost then
the whole Diyn has been lost.
Ruling on the one who renounces prayer
The scholars are in consensus that whoever rejects the obligations of prayers
is an unbeliever. They have differed on the one who leaves it while believing in
its obligation (that is leaves it out of intentional lassitude).
Some have concluded that this is disbelief, which takes one out of Islam. This
is in accordance with the saying of the Prophet (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam): What lies between a person and polytheism and unbelief is renouncing
Prayer (Muslim 82).
There are those who said: Indeed, the meaning of disbelief here is the minor disbelief, which does not take one outside the fold of Islam. As has been
reported by Hudhayfah bin al-Yamaan (Radhiya Llaahu anhu) that the Messenger of Allaah (Swalla Llaahu alayi wa sallam) said, Islam would extinguish just
as the embroidery of a fabric becomes worn-out so much so that none (of the
so-called Muslims) would know what fasting is, what prayer is, what sacrifice is
and what Sadaqah (Zakaat) is; and the Book of Allaah, the Mighty and Exalted,
would be taken away by night (i.e. its words will be blotted out) and no verse of
it (the Qur-aan) would exist on earth; and a section of the people, the decrepit
old aged men and the decrepit old women would survive.
1 Another version has the following wordings: Indeed, the first actions for which a servant of Allaah

will be held accountable on the Day of Resurrection will be his Prayers. If they are in order, then he
will have prospered and succeeded; and if they are wanting, then he will have failed and lost (At-Tirmidhiy, and also Ahmad, Abu Daawuud, an-Nasaaiy and Ibn Maajah).

They would say, We have found our forefathers uttering these words: Laa ilaaha illa Llaah (i.e. there is no deity worth of worship except Allaah). We also
recite it. Upon this Sila (bin Zufr, a successor of the companions) said, Of what
avail the words Laa ilaaha illa Llaah would be to them, while they do not know
what the prayer is, what fasting is, what the ritual sacrifice is and what sadaqah
is?
Hudhayfah turned away his face from him. Then he repeated his query thrice
and every time, Hudhayfah turned his face away from him. On the third time,
Hudhayfah directed his face towards him and said thrice, O Sila, these words
would deliver them from the Fire (Ibn Maajah: 4049 and authenticated by
al-Albaaniy).
And his (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam) saying to Muaadh bin Jabal (Radhiya
Llaahu anhu): There is no servant who testify that there is no deity of worship except Allaah (Laa ilaaha illa Llaah) and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah except that Allaah forbids for him the Fire (Al-Bukhaari Hadiyth
No. 128 and Muslim Hadiyth No. 32).
And also the Hadiyth of intercession wherein Allaah, the Almighty and Exalted
be He says: And My Honour and Majesty, I am going to remove from the Fire
everyone who said Laa ilaaha illa Llaah. And therein are the following words:
Will be taken out of the fire who has not done any good deed.
They said: If they were disbelievers they could have remained to eternity in
the Fire, without being taken out.
To Whom It is Compulsory
Prayer is obligatory to every matured sane Muslim. Although Prayer is not
compulsory for children but it is upon the guardian to order him to pray at
the age of seven. And to punish him for not praying on reaching ten years of
age so as to get experience and get used to it when he becomes older.
It has been reported by Amr bin Shuayb from his father who narrated from
his father that the Messenger of Allaah (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
Command your children to offer Prayer when they attain the age of seven,
and when they do not observe it upon attaining the age of ten beat them.
And separate them in their beds (Abu Daawuud, Hadiyth No. 491).
The Five Prayers
The five Prayers are as follows:
Al-Fajr Prayer: It consists of two units (Rakaat).
Adh-Dhuhr Prayer: It consists of four units.
Al-Aswr Prayer: It consists of four units.
Al-Maghrib Prayer: It consists of three units.
Al-Ishaa Prayer: It consists of four units.

Sunan al-Muakkadah (emphasized Sunnah an-Nawaafil)


Al-Fajr Prayer: Two units before Prayer.
Adh-Dhuhr Prayer: Four units before and two after Prayer.
Al-Maghrib Prayer: Two units after Prayer.
Al-Ishaa Prayer: Two units after Prayer.
There are also Sunnah, which are not emphasized. They are as follows:
Two or four units before Aswr Prayer.
Two units before Maghrib Prayer.
Two units before Ishaa Prayer.

Prayer Timings
Allaah Taalaa has prescribed specific timings for all the Prayers. It is not allowed to delay it from the times so prescribed. Allaah says: Indeed, Prayer is
enjoined on Believers at stated times (An-Nisaa 4: 103). It means an obligation at specific times and it is not allowed to delay it except for a valid excuse.
The timings are as follows:
Time for Al-Fajr Prayer: It commences from dawn and extends till sun rise.
And it is highly recommended that one hurries in praying it at the beginning
of the time.
Time for Adh-Dhuhr Prayer: It commences when the sun is past the meridian,
leaving the midst of the sky. The meaning of Zawaal is the disappearance of
the suns shadow and that is when the sun is perpendicular to the earth. And
it extends till when the shadow is the same as the object. It is recommended
to delay it when it is very hot.
Time for Al-Aswr Prayer: It commences when the shadow of an object is
equal to its own length and extends until sunset. And the stronger opinion
among the scholars is that it is the middle Prayer.
Time for Al-Maghrib Prayer: It commences from sunset until the end of twilight. The twilight is the redness of the clouds, which remains on the horizon
after sunsets. It is recommended to perform it the soonest.2
Time for Al-Ishaa Prayer: It commences at the end of twilight and extends till
half of the night.3
And whoever gets one unit of any Prayer before its time ends then he has
performed the Prayer at its appointed time.
And whoever sleeps or forgets a Prayer, then its time is when he wakes up
or remembers.
2
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This is due to its short time.

Jurists have differed on the last time for Ishaa Prayer into three opinions: First: A third of the night.
Second: Half of the night. Third: dawn or day-break.

Al-Adhaan (Call for Prayer)


Adhaan (the call to Prayer) is the signal that the time for Prayer has arrived. It
is done by pronouncing specific words as follows:
ALLAHU AKBAR

ALLAHU AKBAR

Allah is the greatest


ALLAHU AKBAR

Allah is the greatest


ALLAHU AKBAR

ASH-HADU AL-LA ILAHA ILLALLAH


ASH-HADU AL-LA ILAH ILLALLAH

I bear witness that there is


I bear witness that there is
No deity but Allah.
No deity but Allah.

ASH-HADU AN-NA MUHAMMADAR RASULULAH x 2

I bear witness that Muhammad (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam) is the


Messenger of Allah.
HAYYA ALAS SALAH

HAYYA ALAS SALAH

Come to prayer

Come to prayer

HAYYA ALAL FALAH


HAYYA ALAL FALAH

Come to prosperity
ALLAHU AKBAR

Allah is the Greatest

Come to prosperity

ALLAHU AKBAR

Allah is the Greatest

LA ILAHA ILLALLAH


There is no deity but Allah
In Adhan for Fajr Salah, the following sentence is added after: HAYYA ALAL
FALAH:
ASSALATU KHAYRUM MINAN NAWM

ASSALATU KHAYRUM MINAN NAWM

Salah is better than sleep.


Salah is better than sleep.

What is said on hearing the Adhaan


It is an established Sunnah to repeat what the Muadh-dhin says. When he
reaches, Come to Prayer, Come to Prosperity, one says:
LAA HAWLA WA LAA QUWWATA ILLAA BILLAAHI

There is no Power and no strength except in Allaah.


After the adhan, we supplicate with the following Duaa:
ALLAHUMMA RABBA HADHI-HID DAWA-TIT-TAAMMATI WAS-SALATIL
QAAIMATI AATI MUHAMMADANIL WASIYLATA WAL FADHIYLATA WABATH-HU
MAQAAMAM MAHMUUDAN ALLADHIY WA ADTAHU



O Allaah, Lord of this complete call and steadfast prayer, by the blessing of
it. Grant Muhammad his eternal right of intercession, Distinction and highest
position (in paradise) that You have promised him (al-Bukhaari 614).

Taharah
Before a person can say his prayer, he/ she must be clean and pure. The
Qur-aan says: And truly Allaah loves those who make themselves clean and
pure (at-Tawbah, 9: 108). Cleanliness of the mind, body and clothing is called
Taharah or purification. It is only in such a condition of purification that a
Muslim may perform Prayer.
Purification of the body is attained by partial or total washing with clean water. The partial wash is known as Wudhu or the Ablution and the total ritual
bath of the whole body is called as Ghusl.
How to Make Ablution
1) Before you commence the ablution, make intention in your heart and do
not move your tongue. And start ablution by remembering Allaah by saying:
BISMILLAAH () , meaning in the name of Allaah.

(2) Wash your hands thoroughly thrice sparingly (do not use more than required).

(3) Take water in your palm. Rinse your mouth with half of it while use the other half to snuff it into the nose, then ejecting it. Again take water in your palm
and repeat the first act. Repeat the same the third time.

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(4) Wash your face thoroughly thrice from the forehead at the hair growth to
the chin and from one ear to the next.

(5) Wash your hands from the finger tips to the elbows (thrice), beginning with
right.

(6) Run moistened hands over the head from the forehead to the back and
back to the forehead (once).

(7) Rub your ears for they are part and parcel with the head.

(8)

Wash both feet thoroughly up to the ankles with massaging, com-

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mencing with the right then the left.

(9)
Once you are through with Ablution say: ASH-HADU AL-LAA ILAHA
ILLA LLAAHU WAHDAHU LAA SHARIYKA LAHU WA ASH-HADU ANNA MUHAMMADAN ABDUHU WA RASULUHU


I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allaah, one and
only who has no partners. And I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and
Messenger.
Then recite this supplication (Duaa):
ALLAHUMMA JALNIY MINAT TAWWAABIYNA WAJALNIY MINAL MUTATWAHHIRIYNA

O Allaah, make me of those who turn to You in repentance and those who are
purified.
Ghusl
Ghusl (complete bath) becomes obligatory in the following conditions:
a) When Al-Mani (seminal fluid) is discharged owing to stimulation (whether
actual or imagined) while asleep or awake.
b) When an actual intercourse takes place (even if no discharge occurs).
c) When a woman comes out of her regular menstrual cycle.
d) When the normal flow of blood ceases from the womb after giving birth.
The procedure is as follows:
Make the intention for Ghusl in your heart and utter the name of Allaah as for
Wudhu.
Wash the hands first and the affected parts of the body with water to remove
any impurity.
Perform ablution as above.
Rub water through your hair three times, letting the water penetrate down to
the roots of the hair.

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Pour water over the head and the rest of the body three times starting from
the right side.
Wash the whole body using clean water making sure that every part of the
body has got water.
No area of the body (even equal to a hair) should be left dry during Ghusl.
Tayammum (Dry Ablution)
On certain occasions, it may become either impossible (example when water
cannot be found or just enough for drinking is available), or it is dangerous, due
to illness, to use water for Wudhu or Ghusl. In such situations, Tayammum is
performed.
The procedure is as follows:
Make the intention of Tayammum in your heart and utter the name of Allaah.
Strike the palms of both hands simultaneously on earth, sand, or stone (in order of preference) which is dry and clean. (Figure 1)

Figure 1

Pull both palms together from the beginning of the forehead where the hair
grows down to the bridge of the nose. Both sides of the forehead joining the
ears and over the eyebrows should be included. (Figures 2 and 3)

Figure 2

Figure 3

Rub the right hand with the left palm on the whole back from the wrist bone
to the fingertips.
Figure 4

Similarly for the left hand with the right palm.

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Nullification of Ablution
Ablution is nullified and invalidated by the following acts:
1 When one goes to the toilet for a call and something comes out, either
urine or excrement.
2 When you pass wind.
3 When one had a deep sleep.
4 When you touch your sexual organs directly while unclothed.
5 When you eat camels meat.4

Also fainting or becoming unconscious for any reason, be it madness, drunkenness or drug taking .

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Conditions for Correctness of Prayer


There are conditions for the validity and correctness of Prayer. It is not correct
except with them. They are as follows:
1 Knowledge of its time: Prayer is not valid neither before its prescribed time
nor after it except for a valid reason like traveling, sleeping or forgetfulness.
2 Ablution: That is you should make ablution as we did explicitly describe in
its characteristic.
3 Purification of the clothes, body and the place of Prayer.
4 Covering the Awrah (Private parts): It is not allowed for a Muslim to pray
naked or his private parts to be seen while in Prayer. The awrah for men is
between his navel and knees while the body of a woman is awrah except her
face and palms in Prayer.
5 Facing the Qiblah: And that is to face with ones face the direction of the
Qiblah, that is the Sacred Kabah in Makkah.
Once these conditions have been fulfilled and facilitated for Prayer has been
made, it is upon you to perform it as follows:
Pillars of Prayer
Indeed, Prayer has pillars, if any is neglected intentionally or out of forgetfulness, the Prayer is null and void or the unit (Rakah), which was neglected is
nullified.
The pillars are as follows:
1 Standing: And that is in the obligatory Prayers not in the Sunnah ones. This
is in accordance with the statement of the Prophet (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa
sallam): Pray standing, if you are not able to do so then by sitting; if you are
not able then by lying down (al-Bukhaari, Ahmad and Abu Daawuud).
2 Takbiyratul Ihram (Takbiyr5 of commencing Prayer): In accordance with the
Prophets (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam) saying: It is entered by Takbiyr
(Abu Daawuud, at-Tirmidhiy and Haakim). Its characteristic is the saying: Allaahu Akbar.
3 Recitation of al-Faatihah (the Opening Chapter) in every Unit: In the Hadiyth: There is no Prayer for the one who did not recite (in it) the Opening
chapter (al-Bukhaari and Muslim).
4 Bowing in every Unit: In accordance with the statement of Allaah, the Exalted:

O believers, bow and prostrate and worship your Lord (al-Hajj, 22: 77).
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Takbiyr is the saying, Allaahu Akbar (Allaah is the Greatest).

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5 Raising from Bowing until you stand straight: In accordance with his (Swalla
Llaahu alayhi wa sallams) command and action.
6 Prostrating in every Unit: This is the greatest pillar and that is placing the
forehead on the ground. It is supposed to be performed with seven limbs twice
in every unit. The limbs (touching the ground) are as follows: the forehead, the
hands, the knees and the tips of the feet.
7 Sitting between the two prostrations: This is in accordance with his (Swalla
Llaahu alayhi wa sallams) actions, when he (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam)
raises his head from the prostration. He does not prostrate (the second time)
until he sits staright.
8 Calmness and tranquility: And that was in every position in Prayer. The evidences have been reported by multitude of people in succession that whoever
does not have serenity in his Prayer, has indeed not prayed. He is thus ordered
to repeat it.
9 The Last Tashahhud: In accordance with his (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallams) actions and statement: Pray as you have seen me praying (al-Bukhaari).
10 As-Salaatu alan Nabiy (sending Prayers on the Prophet) in the last Tashahhud): That is to say: Allahumma Sali ala Muhammad (O Allaah! Send Prayer on
Muhammad).
11 Adhering to the order between the Pillars: Indeed, the Prophet (Swalla
Llaahu alayhi wa sallam) used to pray in a systematic manner.
12 Tasliym (Salutation of Peace): In accordance with his (Swalla Llaahu alayhi
wa sallams) statement: It (the Prayer) is exited by the Tasliym (Haakim and
Dhahabi declared it authentic). The salutation has been legalized to relieve one
from Prayer for it is its ending and a sign of its completion.
Ruling of a Person who has Neglected a Pillar in Prayer
Whoever leaves a pillar, of those mentioned above, in case, it is the Takbiyratul
Ihraam, then his Prayer is invalid. And if it is any other pillar, which has been
left out intentionally apart from the Takbiyratul Ihraam, his Prayer is also null
and void.

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In case, it has been neglected forgetfully, example bowing or prostration, when


one remembers before commencing recitation of another unit, he returns to
perform it and whatever is after it of that unit, which has been left out. If one
remembers it after commencing the recitation of another unit, the whole of
that unit is invalidated. Another unit will be performed in its place and then
prostration of forgetfulness is performed at the end.
If one knows of the neglected pillar after the salutation, in case, it is the last
Tashahhud or the salutation, one will perform it and then make prostration of
forgetfulness and later the salutation.
In case, the left out pillar is other apart from the last Tashahhud or salutation,
example it is bowing or prostration, one is supposed to perform the whole unit
in place of the unit wherein the pillar has been neglected. After which, one
perform the prostration of forgetfulness so long as the time between them is
not long. If the time frame is long or ones ablution is nullified, one will repeat
the whole Prayer.

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The Characteristic of Prayer


(1) One stand facing the direction of the Qiblah with humility making his intention in his heart of the kind of Prayer you want to perform without uttering it.
(2) Raise your hands till they are on the same level with the shoulders, although they can also be raised till they are level with the tops aligned with the
ears (close to them) and say, Allaahu Akbar
And this is known as the
Takbiyratul Ihraam.

(3) Then place your right hand over your left on your chest. Commence your
Prayer with a supplication, praising Allaah and extolling Him. Then seek protection of Allaah from Satan the accursed. Then recite Suratul Faatihah and
whatever of the Qur-aan you are able to. Then raise your hands and say:
Allaahu Akbar.

(4) Then bend in a bowing position placing your hands on your knees saying:
Subhaana Rabbiyal Adhiym (Glory be to my Lord, the Almighty) thrice.

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(5)Then rise up standing until you stand straight, saying: Samia Llahu liman
hamidah, Rabbanaa wa lakal hamd (Allaah hears those who call upon Him; Our
Lord, praise be to You) -

(6) Then say: Allaahu Akbar and go down prostrating, calmly placing your forehead, nose, knees, hands and fingers of your feet on the ground, saying: Subhaana Rabbiyal Ala (Glory be to my Lord, the Most High) -thrice.

(7) Then raise your head from the first prostration, saying: Allaahu Akbar. One
then sits placing his palm at the tip of his thighs and knees, saying: Rabbi Ghfirli warhamni wahdini wa Aafini warzuqni (My Lord! Forgive me; have mercy
on me; guide me; sustain me) -

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(8) Then say: Allaahu Akbar, prostrating the second time and repeat whatever you
did in the first prostration. If you have done all the preceding actions, you have
indeed prayed one Rakah (unit). Then in the second unit repeat what you did in
the first.
(9) Once you have finished the second unit sit for Tashahhud spreading your left
palm on your left thigh. Holding the fingers of your right palm pointing with your
index finger while looking at it, saying:

At-Tahiyyaatu Lillaahi wasw-Swalawaatu wa atw-Twayyibaatu as-Salaamu alayka


ayyuhaan Nabiyyu wa Rahmatu Llaahi wa Barakaatuhu as-Salaamu alaynaa wa
alaa ibaadi Llaahi asw-Swaalihiyna Ashhadu an Laa ilaha illa Llaahu wa ashhadu
anna Muhammadan abduhu wa Rasuuluhu
(All compliments, prayers and pure words are due to Allaah. Peace be on you, O
Prophet, and also the mercy of Allaah and His blessings. Peace be on us, and on
the righteous slaves of Allaah. I bear witness that none has the right
to be worshipped except Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave
and Messenger) 10)

Then pray for the Prophet (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam) saying:




Allaahumma Swalli ala Muhammadin wa ala Aali Muhammadin kamaa Swallayta
ala Ibraahiyma wa ala Aali Ibraahiyma innaka Hamiydum Majiyd. Allahumma
Baarik ala Muhammadin wa ala Aali Muhammadin kamaa Baarakta ala Ibraahiyma wa ala Aali Ibraahiyma innaka Hamiydum Majiyd (O Allaah! Send prayers on
Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, as you sent prayers on Ibraahiym
and the family of Ibraahiym. You are indeed Worthy of praise, Full of Glory. O Allaah! Send blessings on Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, as you
sent blessings on Ibraahiym and the family of Ibraahiym; You are indeed Worthy of
praise, Full of Glory) Then supplicate with this supplication in the final Tashahhud:



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Allahumma inni Audhu bika min adhaabi Jahannama wa min adhaabil Qabri
wa min Fitnatil Mahyaa wal Mamaat wa min Sharri fitnatil Masiyhid Dajjaal (O
Allaah! Truly I seek refuge with You from the punishment of Hellfire, and from
the punishment of the grave, and from the trials of living and dying, and from
the evil trials of the false Christ) (11) Then turn your head to the right side, saying: As-Salaamu alaykum wa
Rahmatu Llaahi (Peace and Allaahs Mercy be on you)
Then to the left side, saying: As-Salaamu alaykum wa Rahmatu Llaahi -. And
do not turn your hands in the process of Tasliym. And with that you have finished your Prayer, all the Praises and Grace are due to Allaah only.

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Supplications after the prayer


The following are authentic supplications from the Sunnah for after the
prayer in Arabic with English translation and transliteration.

Astaghfiru Allah, Astaghfiru Allah, Astaghfiru Allah


I seek the forgiveness from Allah, I seek forgiveness from Allah, I seek forgiveness from Allah.


Allahuma anta Salaam wa minka Salaam. Tabarakta ya dhal Jalali wal Ikram
O Allah, You are Peace and from You is Peace. Blessed are You, O Majestic and Generous.

La ilaha illa Allah wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul mulk wa lahul hamd wa
huwa ala kulli shayin qadeer. La hawla wa la quwwata illa bi Allah. La ilaha
illa Allah, la nabudu illa iyyahu, lahul nimah wa lahul fadl wa lahu Thanai
al-Hasan. La ilaha illa Allah mukhliseena lahud deen wa law karihal kafirun.
Allahumma, la mani lima atayta wa la muti lima manata wa la yanfau
dhal jadd minkal jadd.

There is no god but Allah alone without any partners. To Him belongs the dominion and the praise, and He has power over all things. There is no power or
might but with Allah. There is no god but Allah. We worship only Him. To Him
belongs blessings and virtue and beautiful praise. There is no god but Allah
and to Him is due sincere religion, although the unbelievers may detest it. O
Allah, there is nothing to withhold whomever You favor, and there is nothing
to favor from whomever You withhold, and the greatness of the great is of no
avail against You.

33 33 33

Subhan Allah, Al-Hamdulillah, Allahu Akbar, La ilaha illa Allah wahdahu la sharika lah, lahul mulk wa lahul hamd wa huwa ala kulli shayin
qadeer.

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Recite glory be to Allah 33 times, all praise is due to Allah 33 times, Allah is
the greatest 33 times, and then complete the hundredth supplication by saying: There is no god but Allah alone without any partners. To Him belongs
the dominion and the praise, and He has power of all things.

Allahu la ilaha illa huwa al-hayy al-qayyum, la takhudhuhu sinatun wa la nawm, la hu ma fi samawati wa ma fil ard, man dha alathee yashfau indahu illa bi ithni, yalamu ma bayna aydihim wa
ma khalfahum, wa la yuheetuna be shayin min ilmihi illa bi ma
sha, wasia kursiyyuhu samawati wal ard, wa la yaudu hifthuhuma wa huwa al-alaiyu al-atheem.
Allah, there is no God except Him, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of
existence. Neither drowsiness overtakes Him nor sleep. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Who
is it that can intercede with Him except by His permission? He knows
what is before them and what will be after them, and they encompass
not a thing of His knowledge except for what He wills. His throne extends over the heavens and the earth, and their preservation tires Him
not. And He is the Most High, the Most Great. (2:255)

Qul huwa Allahu ahad, Allahu samad. Lam yalid wa lam yulad wa
lam yakun lahu kufuwan ahad.

Say: He is Allah the One, Allah the Master. He was not born nor does
He give birth, and there is nothing like him. (112:1)












Qul audhu bi rabil falaq, min sharri ma khalaq, wa min sharri


ghasiqin itha waqab, wa min sharrin naffathati fil uqad, wa min
sharri hasidin itha hasad.

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Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the daybreak, from the evil He hascreated, from the evil of the darkness when it settles, from the evil of
magicians who blow on knots, and from the evil of the envier when he
envies. (Quran 113:1)


Qul audhu bi rabbi nas, maliki nas, ilahi nas, min sharril waswasil khannas, allathee yuwaswisu fi suduri nas, min al-jinnati
wan nas.

Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the people, the King of the people,
the God of the people, from the evil of the whisperer who withdraws,
who whispers into the hearts of people from the jinn and the people.
(Quran 114:1)

Actions Allowed in Prayer


(1) Slight movement, opening the door, turning and signaling when required.
(2) Carrying a baby for indeed, the Prophet (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam)
used to pray while holding Umaamah the daughter of his daughter Zaynab
(Radhiya Llaahu anhaa).
(3) Killing the snake, scorpion and its likes of whatever harms.
(4) Using a handkerchief when he needs it.
(5) Glorifying Allaah by men and clapping by women when something happens in Prayer.
(6) Rectifying the Imaam (one leading the Prayer). In case, he forgets a verse,
the Mamuma opens for him by reminding him the verse.
(7) Crying and weeping.
(8) To prevent whoever wants to pass in front of a Praying person.
(9) To seek refuge by a Praying person upon reciting a verse of punishment.
And to ask and pray to Allaah when reciting a verse mentioning His mercy.
He is also supposed to Pray for the Prophet (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam)
when he is mentioned.
(10) Praising Allaah when one sneezes.
Actions Detested in Prayer
(1) Playing with ones clothing or body without any need.
(2) Raising ones sight to the sky.
(3) Looking at what you are fond of.

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(4) Turning his face and chest without any need.


(5) Yawning.
(6) Spitting in the direction of the Qiblah or to his right.
(7) Stretching out the hands in prostration making the hands touch the
ground, sticking them to it.
(8) Praying while the food is ready.
(9) Competing with the Imaam or being at par with him.
(10) Closing the eyes without any need, for this is among the actions of the
Jews.
(11) Reclining on the wall and the like while standing without any need.
(12) Holding the waist in Prayer, cracking the fingers and interlocking them.
(13) Praying in a place with pictures.
Nullification of Prayer
It is incumbent on the Muslim to completely concentrate in his Prayer and
should not be distracted for what is not of it. The Exalted says: And stand
before Allaah with obedience (Al-Baqarah 2: 238).
What is required is the establishment of Prayer by the presence of the heart,
being humble, doing what has been prescribed and being far from what
contradicts it or its decrement in terms of statements and actions so that
the Prayer will be valid and correct. Prayer is null and void when one of the
following is done:
(1) Neglecting one of the pillars or one of the conditions intentionally without
any excuse.
(2) Eating and drinking intentionally.
(3) Intentional talking out of the interest of Prayer.
(4) Laughing loudly.
(5) The passing of a woman who has attained the age of puberty, a donkey or
a black dog in front of a praying person (between the person and the place of
prostration).
(6) A complete bodily turn or turn against the direction of Qiblah not in the
case of fear.

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Prayers on Specific Occasions


Jumah (Friday) Prayer
Beside the daily Prayer, the Jumah Prayer is also obligatory upon Muslim
men. As for Muslim women it is not obligatory, but desirable if they are able
to do so.
The Jumah Prayer is offered in congregation on Friday at Dhuhr time. First the
Imaam delivers the sermon (Khutbah), he then leads the congregation in a
two rakah Prayer. After this two rakah of Sunnah Prayer are offered individually.
Taraawih Prayer
These prayers are offered during the month of Ramadhan after Ishaa Prayer.
They consist of eight, twenty, thirty six or number of even Rakah. They are
offered two by two with a short rest between every four Rakah. The most
important thing is that a Muslim should pray with the Imaam till he finishes
for the reward is hefty. The Messenger of Allaah (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa
sallam) said: Whoever stands with the imam until he finishes (the prayer),
the reward of praying the whole night will be recorded for him (Narrated by
at-Tirmidhiy).
The Prayer may be said individually or in congregation, but the latter is recommended.
The Iyd Prayers
There are two Iyd or occasions of great festivity for the Muslims. The first is
Iyd al-Fitr or the festival of fast-breaking. It is celebrated on the first day of
Shawwaal (tenth month in the Islamic calendar), following Ramadhan, the
month of fasting. It marks great thank-giving for the Muslims all over the
world.
The second Iyd is the Iyd-ul-Adh-ha or the festival of great sacrifice, which
is observed on the tenth of Dhul Hijjah, the last Islamic month. The animals
are sacrificed to celebrate the great sacrifice of the Prophet Ibrahim (Alayhis
Salaam).
On both these Iyd, prayers are offered in congregation anytime after sunrise
and before noon. There is no Adhan (call for prayer) or Iqamah (second call
before congregation). The Iyd prayer consists of two rakaat (offered just as
the two rakaat of Jumuah prayer) with twelve additional Takbirs. You say
seven more Takbirs in the first rakaah after Thana and five more Takbirs
after the Takbir of raising in the second rakaah.
A sermon (Khutbah) is delivered by the Imaam (leader of the prayer) after the
two rakaat Idd prayer unlike the Jumuah prayer when it precedes the prayer.
The presence of all Muslims, women and children included, is strongly recommended.

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FUNERAL PRAYERS:
It is a prayer to Allah for a deceased Muslim, and is a communal obligation on
all Muslims of the locality. The funeral Swalah is offered in congregation but
unlike other formal prayers, it has neither Ruku (bowing) nor Sajdah (prostration). Here is the complete sequence of the funeral prayer.
Saying Takbir (Allaahu Akbar) with the rest of the congregation and raise
your hands to your ears, then bring them down above the navel as in formal
prayers with the right hand on the left. Then recite Suratul Faatihah.
After al-Faatihah again raise your hands to your ears saying Allahu Akbar. Now
silently recite the Darud:

ALLAHUMMA SWALLI ALAA MUHAMMADIN WA ALAA AALI MUHAMMADIN KAMAA SWALLAYTA ALAA IBRAAHIIMA WA ALAA AALI IBRAAHIIMA
INNAKA HAMIDUM-MAJIID. ALLAHUMMA BAARIK ALAA MUHAMMADIN
WA ALAA AALI MUHAMMADIN KAMAA BAARAKTA ALAA IBRAAHIIMA WA
ALAA AALI IBRAAHIIMA INNAKA HAMIDUM-MAJIID.
O Allaah! Send prayers on Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, as you
sent prayers on Ibraahiym and the family of Ibraahiym. You are indeed Worthy of
praise, Full of Glory. O Allaah! Send blessings on Muhammad, and on the family
of Muhammad, as you sent blessings on Ibraahiym and the family of Ibraahiym;
You are indeed Worthy of praise, Full of Glory) After the Darud say the Takbir and sincerely pray for the deceased, as follows:
(a)
In case the deceased Muslim is an adult, recite this Dua;

ALLAAHUMMAGHFIR LIHAYYINA WA MAYYITINA WA SHAAHIDINA WA


GHAAIBINA WA SWAGHIIRINA WA KABIIRINA WA DHAKARINAA WA
UNTHAANAA. ALLAAHUMMA MAN AHYAYTAHU MINNAA FA-AHYIHI ALAL
ISLAAM WAMAN TAWAFFAYTAHU MINNAA FATAWAFFAHU ALAL-IYMAAN.
ALLAAHUMMA LAA TAHRIMNA AJRAHU WALAA TADHWILLUNA BADAHU
O Allaah, forgive our living and our dead, those present and those absent,
our young and our old, our males and our females. O Allaah, whom amongst
us You keep alive, then let such a life be upon Islam, and whom amongst us
You take unto Yourself, then let such a death be upon faith. O Allaah, do not
deprive us of his reward and do not let us stray after him.
(b)
If the deceased is an adult woman substitute the last two lines with

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the following:
ALLAAHUMMA MAN AHYAYTAHA MINNAA FA-AHYIHAA ALAL ISLAAM
WAMAN TAWAFFAYTAHAA MINNA FATAWAFFAHA ALAL IYMAAN
O Allaah, she to whom You accord life among us, cause her to live in the
observation of Islam, And she to whom you give death, cause her to die in the
state of Iymaan (faith).
(c)
If the deceased is a minor and a boy then recite this Dua:
ALLAAHUMMA JALHU LANA FARATWAN WA SALAFAN WA AJRAN.
O Allaah, make him for us a pre-cursor, a forerunner and a cause of reward.
(d) If the deceased is a minor and a girl, then recite this Dua:
ALLAAHUMMA JALHA
After this Imam again says aloud Allaahu Akbar. The congregation repeats
these words silently. Then the imam and the Muslims turn their faces first to
the right and then to the left side saying Assalamu Alaykum wa Rahmatullah
on either side.
SWALAT-UL-WITR:
The prayer is performed with odd number of rakaat (1, 3, 5, 7, 9 or 11) and
is said after the Fardh and Sunnah of Ishaa. This prayer has been strongly
recommended by the Prophet (Swalla Llaahu alayhi wa sallam).
PERSONAL PRAYER (DUA) AFTER SWALAH:
When you have completed your Fardh or Sunnah prayers, you may pray to
Allah in your own words offering Him praise, thanks-giving or asking him for
forgiveness for yourself or other Muslims or your own dear and near ones.
For this Dua keep sitting after the obligatory or Sunnah prayers, hold up your
hands near each other with the palms up and fingers slightly bent.

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