Title 1 A Study on Safety and Health of De Centrum Project

Title 2 - Safety and Health Risk Factors at Construction Sites in

Selangor
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
INTRODUCTION
Note - In this point, please write up a statement at list from an article to support your FYP
title in the introduction. Try to read at list 4 to 5 articles related to the accident on
construction site. From the article you can find information similarly with your FYP. Then
you can use the info to put/support your introduction.
When other people read your introduction, they will know what/why you are planning to do
this FYP topic.
Example The construction industry plays a big role in the development process of a country
where successful development would contribute towards the economic growth
generating additional demands for construction activities (Abdullah, D. N, 2010)
_____________________________________________________________________
The building operations and works of engineering construction industries in Malaysia
have made tremendous progress in recent years and the increase in their activities have
affected the general publics safety and health. Construction sites create a risk not only for the
construction worker, but also for the public who move around the site or who may live
adjoins them. Examples of the hazards created are:* Changes to the surface level;
* Excavations, holes and trenches;
* Falling material and debris;
* Plant and equipment;
* Dust, vapors or other hazardous substances;
* Noise, Vibration and Movement of vehicular traffic
The general public must be protected from the hazards associated with construction
work that may be carried out in a public area or adjacent to such area. The Department of
Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) and other government agencies have regulations
that lay down the legal requirements to ensure the safety and health of not only the workers at
the place of work but also the public as well. This guideline applies to all place of work in
building operation and work of engineering construction activity in Malaysia covered by the
Occupational Safety And Health Act 1994 (Act 514), the Factories And Machinery Act 1967
(Act 139), and all the regulations made there under. It is designed to serve as a handy
reference and to be read together with the above mentioned legislations and other industry
codes of practice. In this document, the terms shall and should are used. Shall is used
in places where there is a statutory and technical requirement to achieve the desired result.
Should is used as a way of indicating a preference. It does not indicate a mandatory
requirement as other alternatives may achieve an equivalent result.
1

In 1994, a new law on occupational safety and health have been made. Parliament has
approved the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 1994 (Act 514) in 1993. In February of
this act was enacted in 1994. The Factory and Machinery Act 1967 did not cover
Occupational Safety and Health in other industries except manufacturing, mining, quarrying
and construction. Only 24% of the total manpower covered under the Factory and Machinery
Act 1967, while 90% of the total manpower in the country will cover under Occupational
Safety and Health Act 1994. This act exempt for those working on ships and armed forces.
The purpose of Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 is to promote and encourage
occupational safety and health awareness among workers and to create organization along
with effective safety and health measures. This would be carried out by self-regulation
schemes that match the industry or related organization. This Act, which contains 15 section,
is a measure that supersedes any conflict in existing occupational safety and health laws such
as the Factory and Machinery Act 1967. The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994
complements any existing legislative provision and if there are any conflicts, the
Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 will overcome it.
The definition of this act refers to the responsibilities of employers, manufacturers,
workers, workers who are self-employed, designers, importers and suppliers. Serious
attention is required and will bring all kinds of liability even if the responsibility is common.
Three main principles were taken as a basis in the formulation of this act. Regulation is the
first principle in the act. The employer must establish a sound management system and
regularly to address issues related to safety and occupational health. Beginning with the
establishment of safety and health policy and so the employer must make proper preparations
to be made. The second principle is that consultation. In this second principle, employers,
employees and government need to negotiate to resolve the issues and problems related to
Occupational Safety and Health in the workplace. The third principle is cooperation.
Employers and employees must work together to preserve, protect and improve the quality of
Occupational Safety and Health in the workplace. None of the programs of Occupational
Safety and Health will be carried out successfully without the co-operation between
employers and employees.
This Act also provide for the appointments of enforcement officers, establishment of
National Council for Occupational Safety and Health, formation of policy and arrangement of
measures to protect safety, health and welfare of people at work and others who might be
endangered by the activities of people at work. The powers to enforce, to inspect and the
liabilities for breaking the law are also clearly defined.

1.2
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Note In this point, you can gather information from DOSH/NIOSH about accident rate in
construction site Malaysia. You can shows it in graph/table/histogram and explain.

Safety and health are always been a frequent issue in the construction industry due to its
unique and dangerous nature. Employers must identify the risk at the construction site.
Employers must identify anything that can be harmful for employees and any other people
related to that construction site. Employers must minimize the risk of accident that can occur
during working time at the construction site. To do that at first the employer must identify as
much problem causes that he can find out.
1.3
Objective of the Study
Note Every group please use this objective
The aim of the study is to identify the root causes of accidents at construction site in Selangor
and finding the mitigating of its. To achieve that aim, this study has formulated the objectives
for the study to perform:
i.

To identify the root causes of construction accidents in Selangor.

ii.

To evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of safety program.

iii.

To propose mitigating ways to prevent accidents happen in the construction

site.

1.4
SCOPE OF STUDY
Note Every group please use this scope of study and can add on more information.
The scope of this study will focus on the construction project in Selangor. It is to identify the
main causes of construction accidents in local construction industry. Questionnaire surveys
were responded by professionals in construction industry and they are Engineer, Client,
Project Manager, Contractors, Consultants and Safety Officers.
1.5

PROJECT INFORMATION Briefly explain about the construction project.

De Centrum Unipark Kajang, Selangor is a construction developed by PROTASCO
LAND SDN BHD which plans will consists of complexes containing phase 1:54 shops, phase
2: business centers and phase 3: 1 block of serviced apartments and 1 block small home
office (SOHO). Besides that, there is a proposed transport facility such as Mass Rapid Transit
(MRT) from Titiwangsa to Cyber Jaya North which expected to pass by De Centrum, only
five minutes drive from Unipark Condominium Phase Two(2).Besides that, its located at
prime location, 10 minutes drive to IOI Mall, Putrajaya ,Wisma Minlon and also KTM
Serdang, only 2 minutes drive from Kajang Toll, there are banks, business centers,
government hospitals (Hospital Serdang) and
minutes away from well-established
neighborhoods (e.g. Putrajaya, Cyberjaya, Puchong, Kajang, Bangi, Serdang), and its
educational hub:- University Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), University Putra
Malaysia(UPM),Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur (IUKL) ,German-Malaysian
Institute (GMI),Open University (OU) and
University Kebangsaan Malaysia
(UKM).Moreover, it has a superb accessibility with highways such as SILK Highway, and
North-South Highway.

1.6

STUDY AREA