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I-1

Index
1990 Montreal Protocol

7-4

Absorption chillers
7-4, 7-8; 9-5; 19-9
Air change rates
2-5; 19-5
Air conditioning
2-4; 3-2; 4-11; 6-2 to 6-14;
19-5 to 19-8, 19-15
building refurbishment
15-1, 15-2
CIBSE policy statement
A1-1 to A1-2
constant volume
6-7; 19-6
controls
6-11 to 6-13; 10-5; 17-2
dual duct
6-7; 19-4, 19-6
fan coil
6-8, 6-12; 17-4; 19-6
heat gains/losses
6-4 to 6-5
induction
6-8; 19-6
integration
3-2; 19-4
local
6-9 to 6-10
multi-zone
5-3; 6-8, 6-12; 19-4; 19-6
offices
6-6, 6-10; 11-5 to 11-6
partially centralised air/water
6-7 to 6-9
self-contained
19-6 to 19-7
through-the-wall units
6-9
variable air volume (VAV) systems
6-7,
6-13; 10-5; 11-6; 19-6
variable refrigerant flow rate (VRF)
6-9
to 6-10
Air cooled condensers
7-5 to 7-6
Air curtains
19-5
Air dampers see Dampers
Air distribution
6-1, 6-10 to 6-11
Air flow
6-3, 6-7, 6-8; 7-1; 17-3
Air handling luminaires
19-9
6-7, 6-8, 6-12
Air handling units (AHUs)
Air jet circulation
19-12
Air leakage/infiltration
4-7; 6-1; 13-1; 19-5
Air quality control
6-12 to 6-13
Air recirculation
3-5
Air tightness see Air leakage/infiltration
Air to-air heat recovery
19-7
Air transport see Air distribution
Air volume
19-6
All-air systems, central
6-7
Anti-cycling controls, boilers
9-10; 19-3
Anticipatory controls
5-4
ASHRAE Bin Method
12-3
Assessment of energy saving measures,
retrofitting projects
18-5 to 18-7
Atria
4-2 to 4-3; 15-2
Automatic controls
5-4; 19-7
Automatic variable air dampers
19-5
Awnings
4-14
Balanced ventilation
6-3
Ball-blankets
19-7
Ballasts
8-8; 17-3; 19-11
Belt drives
10-3, 10-4; 19-13, 19-14
Benchmarks
12-3 to 12-4; 15-1; 20-3, 20-4,
20-5 to 20-6
Blinds
4-6, 4-13, 4-14; 17-1
see also Shading
Blowdown, steam boilers
19-12
Boiler (Efficiency) Regulations 1993
9-11
Boilers
9-1 to 9-3; 19-11 to 19-12
anti-cycling controls
9-10; 19-3
circuit design
9-9
coal-fired
17-4
combination
9-4
condensing
9-2 to 9-3, 9-6, 9-11; 15-1;
19-11
controls
9-10 to 9-12; 19-3
directly compensated
9-11
electric
17-4
fans
9-11
gas-fired
17-4; 19-12

heat exchangers
9-2
high efficiency
9-2, 9-6; 19-11
hot water systems
19-11 to 19-12
isolation valves
9-11
low temperature hot water (LTHW) 19-11
to 19-12
maintenance
17-3, 17-4
medium temperature hot water
19-12
multiple
9-5 to 9-6
oil-fired
17-4
sequence control
9-5 to 9-6, 9-10
to 9-11; 19-12
sizing
9-3
standing losses
9-11 to 9-12
steam
17-4; 19-12
unitary heat pumps
6-9
Bottom up target setting
20-6 to 20-7
BRE Digest 309: Estimating daylight in
buildings: part 1
4-12
BRE Digest 399: Natural ventilation in
non-domestic buildings
6-1; 19-5
BRE energy performance index method 12-3
BRE Information Paper IP14/95: Phase-out
of CFCs and HCFCs: options for owners and
operators of air conditioning systems
19-9
Briefs
2-2, 2-3 to 2-5
BS 5422
9-7
BS 5925
4-8
BS 6375
4-7
BS 7386
4-7
BS 7750
1-3
BS 8206
4-11, 4-12
BS 8207
1-3; 2-3
BS EN ISO 14001
1-3
BSRIA AG 1/87: Operating and maintenance
manuals for building services installations
13-2
BSRIA AH 1/90: Standard specification
for BEMS
19-2
BSRIA DLP5: Monitoring and targeting
with a building energy management
system
20-1
BSRIA GN 11/97: Oversized air handling 19-5
BSRIA GN 12/97: Oversized heating plant 9-3;
19-11
BSRIA GN 13/97: Oversized cooling and
pumping plant
19-9
BSRIA TA 1/93: Heat rejection systems
some methods and their operating costs
7-5
BSRIA TN 3/93: Displacement ventilation
performance office space application
6-3
BSRIA TN 5/96: Night cooling control strategies
4-10
BSRIA TN 8/92: Small power loads
19-16
BSRIA TN 11/95: Control of natural
ventilation
4-8, 4-10
BSRIA TN 12/94: Carbon dioxide-controlled
mechanical ventilation systems
6-12
BSRIA TN 15/92: Refrigeration and the
environment typical applications for
air conditioning
6-5; 7-1
BSRIA TN 15/95: Handover information
for building services
13-2
Building acquisition
2-2; 15-1
Building Energy Code
12-3
Building envelope
3-1; 4-2; 13-1
Building fabric
3-2; 4-3 to 4-5; 6-5; 17-1
to 17-2; 19-1 to 19-2
see also Thermal storage
Building form
4-2; 6-1
Building maintenance
16-1 to 16-4;
17-1 to 17-5
see also Maintenance
Building management
2-1; 3-5 to 3-6;
5-2; 7-1; 13-2; 14-1 to 14-10

5-5 to
Building management systems (BMS)
5-6; 6-11; 8-11; 19-3; 19-4; 20-2
building maintenance
16-3
building refurbishment
15-2
planned maintenance
16-2
retrofitting
18-3 to 18-4
Building modelling see Building simulation
Building occupants see Building users
Building orientation
4-2
Building performance indices
12-1
Building pressure testing
19-1
Building procurement see Building
acquisition
Building refurbishment
6-9; 15-1 to 15-3
Building Regulations
19-11
Building Regulations, part F
4-6, 4-10
Building Regulations, part L
1-2; 4-7; 8-6,
8-9; 9-12, 9-13, 9-14
Building Research Establishment
Environmental Assessment Method
(BREEAM)
1-3; 2-1, 2-3; 12-4
Building services
3-3 to 3-5; 4-14 to 4-16
building refurbishment
15-1 to 15-2
control
5-1 to 5-7; 6-4
controls
4-14 to 4-15; 14-3; 15-2
decentralised
3-5; 19-4
integration
3-2 to 3-3, 3-5 to 3-6;
12-2; 18-4; 19-4
interactions
12-2
maintenance
3-6; 16-3; 21-1
management
14-4; 18-1, 18-4 to 18-5;
21-1
see also Energy, management
monitoring
15-2
zoning
3-3; 4-14; 5-2 to 5-3
Building shape
4-2 to 4-3
Building simulation
12-3; 19-1; 20-7
Building users
14-8 to 14-9
control of building environment
2-5;
3-5 to 3-6; 5-2, 5-4, 5-6
education
4-4; 13-2; 14-3, 14-4, 14-8
to 14-9; 17-2; 19-11
health and welfare
4-6, 4-7, 4-8
Built form
4-2 to 4-14
Burner controls
9-11
CADDET Analyses 6: Energy efficient lighting
in commercial buildings
8-1; 19-10
Calorific values, fuels
A2-2
Calorifier systems
9-4
Carbon and carbon dioxide equivalents A2-2
Carbon dioxide
A2-2; 6-12 to 6-13
Carbon dioxide emissions
1-2, 1-3; 2-3;
12-1, 12-4 to 12-5; 20-3
benchmarks
12-3
combined heat and power (CHP) 9-4 to 9-5
electric immersion heating
9-4
electricity generation
4-15, 4-16
fossil fuels
19-12
Catering equipment
11-5, 11-6
Cellular buildings
4-4; 5-6
Central all-air systems
6-7
Central calorifier systems
9-4
Central self-contained hot water systems
9-4
Centralised air with reheat see Multi-zone
air conditioning
Centralised heating
9-3
Centrifugal compressors
7-5, 7-7 to 7-8, 7-9
Changeover mixed-mode ventilation
19-5
Chilled beams and ceilings
6-8
Chilled water distribution
7-1, 7-8, 7-9,
7-10; 10-5 to 10-6; 17-2; 19-3, 19-9

I-2
Chillers
3-5; 7-2, 7-9 to 7-10, 7-11; 19-3
absorption
7-4, 7-8; 9-5; 19-9
7-6,
coefficient of performance (COP)
7-7, 7-8
controls
19-9
maintenance
17-3
maximum demand control
10-7
office air conditioning
11-5 to 11-6
vapour compression
7-6 to 7-8
Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs)
19-9
CIBSE Applications Manual AM1:
Automatic controls
5-1; 6-11; 9-9; 19-2
CIBSE Applications Manual AM2:
Window design
4-5, 4-7, 4-11, 4-12
CIBSE Applications Manual AM3:
Condensing boilers
9-1
CIBSE Applications Manual AM5:
Energy audits and surveys
1-1, 12-3, 18-2, 20-7
CIBSE Applications Manual AM10:
Natural ventilation in non-domestic buildings 4-3,
4-5; 6-1, 6-2, 6-3; 19-5
CIBSE Applications Manual AM11:
Building energy and environmental modelling 12-3
CIBSE Commissioning Codes
13-1, 13-2
CIBSE Guidance Note GN1: CFCs, HCFCs
and halons
19-9
CIBSE Guide A: Design data
12-3
CIBSE Guide A1: Environmental criteria
for design
2-4
CIBSE Guide A2: Weather and solar data 4-12
CIBSE Guide A4: Air infiltration and
natural ventilation
4-8
CIBSE Guide A7: Internal heat gains
10-1;
11-6; 19-13
CIBSE Guide B: Installation and
equipment data
9-1, 9-7; 19-11
CIBSE Guide B2/B3: Ventilation and
air conditioning (systems, equipment and
control)
5-1; 6-1, 6-5, 6-11; 10-5; 19-2, 19-5
CIBSE Guide B14: Refrigeration and heat
rejection
7-1, 7-8; 19-9
CIBSE Guide B16: Miscellaneous
equipment
10-5
CIBSE Guide C5: Fuels and combustion
4-15
CIBSE Guide D: Transportation systems in
buildings
10-7; 19-15
CIBSE Lighting Guide LG3: The visual
environment for display screen use
8-4
CIBSE policy statements
A1-1 to A1-2
CIBSE Technical Memoranda TM11:
Selection and application of heat pumps
9-6
CIBSE Technical Memoranda TM13:
Minimising the risk of Legionnaires disease
7-6
CIBSE Technical Memoranda TM15:
Design guidance for heat pump systems
9-6
CIBSE Technical Memoranda TM17:
Building services maintenance management
16-2; 17-1
CIBSE Technical Memoranda TM18:
Ice storage systems
7-3
Cleaning see Maintenance
Climate
4-1
Closed circuit cooling towers
7-6
CO2 see Carbon dioxide
Coal-fired boilers
17-4
Coatings, glass
4-6; 19-2
Code for interior lighting
8-1, 8-2, 8-3,
8-4; 17-3; 19-10
Codes of practice
1-2 to 1-3
Coefficient of performance (COP)
chillers
7-6, 7-7, 7-8
compressors
7-6, 7-7, 7-8
cooling
6-9
heat pumps
9-6; 19-8
local air conditioning
6-9

Energy efficiency in buildings


refrigeration cycle
7-3, 7-4, 7-5
variable refrigerant flow rate (VRF) air
conditioning
6-10
Coefficient of system performance (COSP) 7-4
Combination boilers
9-4
Combined heat and power (CHP)
9-4 to 9-5,
9-6, 9-7; 19-12
absorption chillers
7-8; 9-5
benchmarking
12-3
building refurbishment
15-1
CIBSE policy statement
A1-1
Combustion air fans
19-12
Commissioning
7-5; 13-1 to 13-2; 15-1
8-7, 8-8
Compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)
Compressors
7-5, 7-6, 7-7 to 7-9; 17-2 to
17-3; 19-9
Computers
11-2, 11-3; 19-16
Condensers
7-3, 7-5 to 7-6, 7-10; 17-2; 19-9
Condensing boilers
9-2 to 9-3, 9-6, 9-11;
15-1; 19-11
Condensing economisers
19-12
Condensing temperatures
7-3, 7-4
Constant volume air conditioning
6-7; 19-6
Construction (Design and Management)
Regulations 1994
13-2
Consultants
14-6
Continual monitoring
21-1 to 21-2
Contract energy management (CEM)
14-6,
14-8
Contract facilities management
14-6
Contracts
2-5; 14-7 to 14-8; 16-2
Control
5-1 to 5-7; 6-4; 10-6 to
10-7; 19-3, 19-8
6-12
air handling units (AHUs)
air leakage
4-7
air quality
6-12 to 6-13
boilers
9-10
chilled water distribution
7-10; 10-5 to
10-6
compressors
7-7, 7-8; 19-9
condensers
7-10
cooling towers
7-10; 10-5
dampers
6-3
escalators and conveyors
10-8
evaporators
7-9 to 7-10
free cooling
6-12
humidity see Humidity control
lighting
3-4
multi-zone systems
6-12
proportional plus integral (P+I)
5-3;
6-12; 7-9; 19-4
sequence
7-9 to 7-10; 9-5 to 9-6, 9-10 to
9-11; 17-2; 19-3, 19-9, 19-12
supply temperature 7-1; 19-4, 19-6, 19-9
temperature
5-3; 6-13; 7-1, 7-9 to 7-10;
9-9; 17-3; 19-6
valves
10-6
variable air volume (VAV) systems
6-13
variable flow 5-3; 9-14; 10-1, 10-4 to 106; 19-13
windows
4-4, 4-6; 15-2
Control of Fuel and Electricity (Amended)
Order 1980
1-2
Control gear, discharge lamps
8-8
Controllers
5-4; 19-4
Controls
5-1 to 5-7; 19-2 to 19-4, 19-7
air conditioning
6-11 to 6-13;
10-5; 17-2
boilers
9-10 to 9-12; 19-3
building refurbishment
15-2
building services
4-14 to 4-15;
14-3; 15-2
burners
9-11
chillers
19-9
compressors
7-9

direct digital control (DDC)


6-11
head pressure
7-5, 7-10
heating and hot water
5-3; 9-9 to 9-15;
10-5 to 10-6; 15-1; 19-4, 19-13
lighting 3-5; 5-3; 8-8 to 8-11; 17-3; 19-11
maintenance
17-2
occupancy
5-3; 8-10
on-site checks
13-1
oxygen trim
19-12
refrigeration
7-8 to 7-11; 19-9
room
9-12 to 9-13; 19-8
start/stop
6-12; 7-10; 9-12, 9-14;
10-6; 19-3, 19-7, 19-9
temperature
9-12 to 9-13; 19-3,
19-5, 19-7, 19-13
time
7-10; 8-9 to 8-10; 9-12;
17-2; 19-3, 19-13, 19-16
ventilation
4-8; 6-11 to 6-13;
10-5; 19-8
see also Windows
zoning
5-3; 9-12, 9-13; 15-2;
17-2; 19-3, 19-4, 19-6, 19-7
Convectors
9-6 to 9-7, 9-8; 17-4
Conversion factors and properties A2-1 to A2-2
Conveyors
10-8; 19-15
Cooled ceilings
6-8
Coolers
7-5, 7-6
Cooling
3-3; 7-1 to 7-2; 19-3,
19-5, 19-6, 19-9, 19-16
coefficient of performance (COP)
6-9
direct expansion (DX)
7-2, 7-4; 19-3
maintenance
17-2
mechanical see Air conditioning
night
3-5; 4-10; 6-5; 19-5, 19-8
passive
6-4, 6-8
unitary heat pumps
6-9
vapour compression plant 7-4, 7-5, 7-7 to
7-8
see also Free cooling, Refrigeration,
Simultaneous heating and cooling
Cooling towers
6-9; 7-5, 7-6; 19-9
control
7-10; 10-5
fans
7-10
free cooling
6-12; 7-2
maintenance
17-3
Cost effectiveness
1-4; 2-1 to 2-2;
18-1, 18-6 to 18-7
Courtyards
4-3
Cross ventilation
4-9, 4-10
CUSUM analysis
20-2, 20-5, 20-7
Cylinder unloading
7-8
Dampers
6-3; 17-2; 19-5, 19-15
Data analysis
20-3 to 20-5
Data logging, motor performance
19-14
Daylight factor
4-12
Daylighting
3-1, 3-4 to 3-5; 4-2, 4-11 to 4-14
atria
4-3
building refurbishment
15-1, 15-2
deep plan buildings
3-5
electric lighting controls
8-10
heat absorbing glass
4-6
see also Glazing, Windows
Dead-bands
5-3; 6-10, 6-12, 6-13; 19-4
Decentralised heating 9-1, 9-3; 19-11 to 19-12
Decentralised services
3-5; 19-4
Dedicated function controllers
5-4
Deep plan buildings
4-2, 4-3
daylighting
3-5
heat recovery
7-3
lighting
19-9
variable air volume (VAV) systems
6-7,
6-13; 10-5
ventilation
3-4

Index
weather compensation temperature
controls
9-13
Dehumidification see Humidity control
Demand based control
9-10; 10-6; 19-3
Demand control
10-6 to 10-7
Desiccants
6-5
Design
2-1 to 2-6; 3-1 to 3-7; 12-1 to 12-5
Design maintained illuminance see
Maintained illuminance
Destratification fans
19-7, 19-12
Desuperheating
7-3
DETR Energy Consumption Guide 35:
Energy efficiency in offices small power loads
19-16
DETR Energy Consumption Guides
20-7
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 2: Steam 19-12
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 3: Economic use
of fired space heaters for industry and commerce 9-1
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 7: Degree days
9-1; 20-1
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 8: The economic
thickness of insulation for hot pipes
19-5
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 9: Economic use
of electricity in industry
10-1; 19-13
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 10: Controls
and energy savings
5-1; 19-2
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 11: The
economic use of refrigeration plant
7-1; 19-9
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 12: Energy
management and good lighting practice 8-1; 19-10
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 13: Waste
avoidance measures
20-1
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 14: Economic
use of oil-fired boiler plant
9-1
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 15: Economic
use of gas-fired boiler plant
9-1
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 16: Economic
thickness of insulation for existing industrial
buildings
19-1
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklet 17: Economic
use of coal-fired boiler plant
9-1
DETR Fuel Efficiency Booklets
19-11
DETR General Information Report 31:
Avoiding or minimising the use of air conditioning
6-1; 12-2, 12-3; 19-5
DETR General Information Report 40:
Heating systems and their control
9-1, 9-9;
19-2, 19-11
DETR General Information Report 41:
Variable flow control
5-1; 6-11, 6-12, 6-13;
7-9; 9-1; 10-1, 10-3, 10-4,
10-5, 10-6; 19-2, 19-13
DETR General Information Report 40:
Heating systems and their control
5-1
DETR Good Practice Case Study 35:
Variable speed drive on a boiler fan
19-12
DETR Good Practice Guide 2: Guidance
notes for reducing energy consumption of electric
motors and drives 6-10; 10-1, 10-3, 10-7; 19-13
DETR Good Practice Guide 31: Computer aided
monitoring and targeting for industry
20-1, 20-2
DETR Good Practice Guide 33: Energy
efficiency in offices. Understanding energy
use in your office
6-10
DETR Good Practice Guide 35: Energy
efficiency in offices. Energy efficient options for
refurbished offices
15-1
DETR Good Practice Guide 36: Commercial
refrigeration plant: energy efficient operation
and maintenance
7-1; 17-3; 19-9
DETR Good Practice Guide 37: Commercial
refrigeration plant: energy efficient design 7-1; 19-9
DETR Good Practice Guide 38: Commercial
refrigeration plant: energy efficient installation
7-1; 19-9

I-3
DETR Good Practice Guide 42: Industrial
refrigeration plant energy efficient operation
and maintenance
7-1; 17-3
DETR Good Practice Guide 44: Industrial
refrigeration plant energy efficient design
7-1
DETR Good Practice Guide 59: Energy
efficient design and operation of refrigeration
compressors
7-5
DETR Good Practice Guide 71: Selecting air
conditioning systems
6-5
DETR Good Practice Guide 118: Managing
energy use. Minimising running costs of office
equipment and related air-conditioning
19-16
DETR Good Practice Guide 132: Heating
controls in small, commercial and multiresidential buildings
9-9; 19-11
DETR Good Practice Guide 143: Upgrading
controls in domestic wet central heating
systems a guide for installers
9-9; 19-11
Dew-point systems
6-8
Dimming controls
8-10 to 8-11
Direct condensers
7-5
Direct digital control (DDC)
5-4; 6-11, 6-12;
19-3, 19-8
Direct drives
10-3
Direct expansion (DX) cooling
7-2, 7-4; 19-3
Direct free cooling
7-2
Directly compensated boilers
9-11
Directly driven fans and pumps
10-3
Disability glare
8-4
Discharge lamps
8-6, 8-7 to 8-8, 8-11; 17-3
Discomfort glare
8-4
Discounted cash flow (DCF) assessment,
retrofitting projects
18-7
Displacement ventilation
6-3, 6-8
Distribution
air
6-1, 6-10 to 6-11
chilled water
7-1, 7-8, 7-9, 7-10; 10-5 to
10-6; 17-2; 19-3, 19-9
heating and hot water
9-7 to 9-9
losses
3-5; 6-10 to 6-11; 9-3
Documentation
13-2; 14-3; 16-2 to
16-3; 17-2; 18-2
Doors
17-1; 19-1
Double glazing
4-6, 4-7
Draught-proofing
4-7; 17-1; 19-1 to 19-2
Drives
10-1 to 10-9; 17-2, 17-4; 19-13, 19-14
Dry air coolers
7-5, 7-6
Dry coolers
7-6
Dual duct air conditioning
6-7; 19-4, 19-6
Ductwork
air distribution losses
6-10 to 6-11
insulation
19-5
lengths
3-5; 6-3; 19-11
maintenance
17-2
on-site checks
13-1
sizing
7-1
warm air systems
9-8
Duty cycling
10-6
Dynamic building simulation
12-3
Economisers
19-12
Efficiency indicators
12-1
see also Performance indicators
Electric boilers
17-4
Electric controls
5-4
Electric heating
9-4, 9-6 to 9-7, 9-9;
17-4; 19-12 to 19-13
Electric lighting see Lighting
Electric motors see Motors
Electrical power
11-1 to 11-6; 19-15 to 19-16
Electricity
1-2; 4-15, 4-16
Electronic ballasts
8-8
Electronic controllers
5-4
Electronic expansion valves
7-5

Electronic variable voltage variable speed


drives
10-3
Energy
audits
15-1; 18-2, 18-4 to 18-5
CIBSE policy statement
A1-1
consumption
2-1; 3-5; 10-7 to
10-8; 11-3 to 11-4; 12-1 to
12-5; 14-1; 19-16; 20-5
see also Energy, targets, Energy, usage
cost centres
20-2
efficient design
2-1 to 2-6
management
4-16; 14-2, 14-5 to
14-8; 18-3
see also Building services,
management, Monitoring, Targets
optimisers
10-7
performance
20-1
policy
14-3 to 14-5
recovery
6-1; 19-5
see also Heat recovery
sources
4-16; 12-3; 18-3
see also Fuels
surveys
14-5; 18-4 to 18-5
targets
12-3 to 12-5; 14-4; 15-1
see also Energy, consumption
units
A2-1
usage
1-1 to 1-2; 4-16, 4-17; 18-3, 18-5
see also Energy, consumption
Energy containing the costs
20-1
Energy Consumption Guides
1-1
Energy efficient lighting in buildings
8-1; 19-10
Enthalpy control see Free cooling
Environmental code of practice for buildings
and their services
1-2
Environmental issues
1-2
Environmental targets
12-4 to 12-5
Escalators
10-8; 19-15
Evaluation
21-1
Evaporating temperatures
7-3, 7-4
Evaporative condensers
7-5, 7-6
Evaporators
7-4, 7-8, 7-9 to 7-10
Expansion cooling, direct (DX)
7-2, 7-4; 19-3
Expansion evaporators
7-4
Expansion valves
7-4 to 7-5; 17-2
External contracts
14-8
External shading
4-13, 4-14
Extraction, localised
19-7
Facilities management
14-8
Fan assisted terminals
6-7
Fan coil air conditioning 6-8, 6-12; 17-4; 19-6
Fan convectors
9-8
Fans
6-10; 19-5, 19-6, 19-7, 19-15
boilers
9-11
combustion air
19-12
cooling towers
7-10
destratification
19-7, 19-12
directly driven
10-3
energy consumption
3-5
location
3-5
maintenance
17-2; 19-15
motor loads
10-1 to 10-2; 10-3 to 10-5
offices
6-10; 11-6
sizing
6-2, 6-3
variable air volume (VAV) systems 6-7, 6-3
variable pitch axial
10-5; 19-6
variable speed control
19-12
warm air systems
9-8
Fault diagnosis see Troubleshooting
Fax machines
11-3
Feedback
13-1 to 13-3
Feedback/feedforward controls
5-4
Fees
2-5
Film coatings
4-6; 19-2
Floating control
7-9

I-4
Flooded evaporators
7-4
Floor area
12-2; 18-3
Floors
19-2
Flow see Air flow
Flow rate, chilled water
7-1; 19-9
Flow temperature sequence control 9-10, 9-11
Flue gases, maintenance
17-3
Fluorescent lamps 8-6, 8-7, 8-8; 19-10 to 19-11
Fossil fuels
1-2; 19-12
Free cooling
3-5; 7-2; 19-4, 19-5, 19-8, 19-9
building refurbishment
15-2
control
6-12
cooling towers
6-12; 7-2
evaporative condensers
7-6
heat exchangers
7-1 to 7-2
humidity control
6-10
local air conditioning
6-9
ventilation
6-3, 6-4, 6-7, 6-10, 6-12
Freely programmable controllers
5-4
Frost protection systems, maintenance
17-4
Fuels
4-15 to 4-16; 12-1
calorific values
A2-2
combined heat and power (CHP)
installations
9-4 to 9-5
conversion factors and properties
A2-1 to A2-2
fossil
1-2; 19-12
metering
15-1
performance indices
A2-2
see also Carbon dioxide emissions,
Energy sources
Furnishings
4-4; 15-2
Gas
4-16
Gas-fired boilers
17-4; 19-12
Gas-fired tube heaters
9-9
General lighting systems
8-3, 8-4
Glare
8-3 to 8-4
Glass
4-6 to 4-7
Glazing
4-5, 4-6 to 4-7; 17-2; 19-2
see also Daylighting, Windows
Global warming
1-2; A1-2
Good housekeeping measures
17-1
Good practice benchmarks
12-3 to 12-4
Guidance on the management of maintenance
for lifts and escalators
19-15
Handover
13-2
Head pressure controls
7-5, 7-10
Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment)
Regulations 1992
8-4; 14-9
Health and safety documentation
13-2
Health and welfare, building users 4-6, 4-7, 4-8
Heat absorbing glass
4-6 to 4-7
Heat exchange
4-3 to 4-5; 6-5, 6-9
Heat exchangers
7-1 to 7-2, 7-3; 9-2;
17-2; 19-7, 19-8
Heat gains/losses
3-4; 4-2; 6-2; 19-5, 19-13
air conditioning
6-4 to 6-5
building refurbishment
15-1 to 15-2
catering equipment
11-5, 11-6
heat absorbing glass
4-6 to 4-7
insulation
4-5
lighting
3-4; 4-11; 19-9
offices
3-4; 11-2, 11-3, 11-5 to
11-6; 19-9, 19-16
ventilation
4-10; 6-1
windows
3-4; 4-5
see also Thermal response
Heat operated water chillers
7-8
Heat pipes
19-8
Heat pumps 6-9; 7-3, 7-8; 9-6, 9-7; 19-7, 19-8
Heat recovery
3-3, 3-5; 6-3, 6-10;
19-7 to 19-8, 19-12
atria
4-3

Energy efficiency in buildings


condensers
7-3
deep plan buildings
7-3
fluorescent lamps
8-7
lift motor rooms
10-7
partially centralised air/water air
conditioning
6-8
refrigeration
7-3; 19-9
variable refrigerant flow rate (VRF) air
conditioning
6-9 to 6-10
see also Energy recovery
Heat rejection equipment
7-5 to 7-6;
17-3; 19-9
Heat transfer
4-6
Heat transfer surfaces, maintenance
17-3,
17-4
Heat wheels
3-5
see also Thermal wheels
Heaters
9-4, 9-7, 9-9; 19-12, 19-13
Heating
6-9; 9-1 to 9-15; 19-5, 19-6,
19-11 to 19-13
controls
5-3; 9-9 to 9-15; 10-5 to
10-6; 15-1; 19-4, 19-13
electric
9-4, 9-6 to 9-7, 9-9; 17-4;
19-12 to 19-13
maintenance
17-2, 17-3 to 17-4
oil-fired
17-3
perimeter
5-3; 9-13; 19-4, 19-5, 19-6
pumps
9-10; 10-5
through-the-wall local air conditioning
6-9
variable flow
9-14; 10-6
see also Simultaneous heating
and cooling
High efficiency boilers
9-2, 9-6; 19-11
High efficiency motors (HEMs)
10-2, 10-8;
14-8; 19-13, 19-15
High pressure discharge lamps 8-7 to 8-8, 8-11
Historical data
20-3, 20-6
Horizontal pivot windows
4-6
Horizontal shading
4-13
Hot gas by-pass
7-5, 7-9; 19-9
Hot water systems
9-1 to 9-15; 10-5 to 10-6;
15-2; 17-3 to 17-4; 19-11 to 19-12, 19-13
Housekeeping measures
17-1
HSE Guidance Note PM5: Automatically
controlled steam and hot water boilers
9-10
Human factors, integrating
3-5 to 3-6
Humidification see Humidity control
Humidifiers
6-5, 6-12; 19-6
Humidistats
6-12
Humidity control
5-3; 6-4, 6-5, 6-7,
6-12; 19-3, 19-5
chilled beams and ceilings
6-8
cooling loads
7-1
direct expansion (DX) cooling 7-2; 19-3
free cooling
6-10
HVAC applications
6-1
HVCA Standard Maintenance Specification 17-1
Hydraulic systems
5-3; 10-2
Ice thermal storage systems
7-2 to 7-3
Illuminance
8-2, 8-3, 8-10; 19-10
Immersion heating
9-4; 19-13
Impellers
19-15
Implementation, retrofitting projects
18-7
to 18-8
Indirect condensers
7-5
Indirect free cooling systems
7-2
Induction air conditioning systems 6-8; 19-6
Induction terminals see Fan assisted
terminals
Industrial ventilation
19-7
Information technology equipment
11-1
to 11-6; 19-16
Installation records
16-2

Installed loads
8-3; 11-1 to 11-2; 12-1, 12-2
Installed power density
8-2, 8-3, 8-4
Instantaneous point of use water heaters
9-4
Instruments and measurements
18-3
to 18-4
see also Metering
Insulation
4-5; 19-2, 19-11
building refurbishment
15-1
ductwork
19-5
hot water storage tanks
19-13
maintenance
17-2, 17-4
pipework
19-9, 19-13
Integrated design
3-1 to 3-3
Integration of building services 3-2 to 3-3, 3-5
to 3-6; 12-2; 18-4; 19-4
Internal rate of return (IRR) assessment
18-7
Introduction to energy efficiency in buildings 17-1
Investment criteria
18-6 to 18-7
Isolation valves
9-11
Key variables

20-6

Lamps

8-2, 8-4 to 8-8, 8-11;


17-3; 19-10 to 19-11
Laser printers
11-3, 11-4
Legionella
7-6; 9-3, 9-4, 9-15, 19-13
Legislation
1-2 to 1-3
Life cycle costing
2-3; 18-7
Lifts
10-7 to 10-8; 19-15
Lighting
3-3, 3-4 to 3-5; 8-1 to
8-12; 19-9 to 19-11
building refurbishment
15-1, 15-2
controls 3-5; 5-3; 8-8 to 8-11; 17-3; 19-11
heat gains
3-4; 4-11; 19-9
heat recovery
6-10
maintenance
8-2; 17-3
on-site checks
13-1
visual comfort see Building users,
health and welfare
Liquid petroleum gas (LPG)
4-16
Load shaving free cooling systems
7-2
Local air conditioning
6-9 to 6-10
Local electrode humidification units
6-5
Local lighting systems
8-3; 19-10
Local storage hot water systems
9-4
Localised extraction
19-7
Localised lighting systems
8-3; 19-10
Localised manual controls, lighting
8-9
Louvres
4-14
Low loss wire wound ballasts
8-8
Low temperature hot water (LTHW) boilers
19-11 to 19-12
LT Method
4-3, 4-12; 6-1; 12-3
Luminaires
8-2, 8-4; 19-9, 19-10, 19-11
Luminous efficacies
8-6
Maintained illuminance
8-2, 8-3; 19-10
Maintenance
3-6; 13-2; 16-1 to 16-2, 16-3;
17-1 to 17-4; 21-1
9-5
combined heat and power (CHP)
fans
17-2; 19-15
lighting
8-2; 17-3
manuals
13-2; 15-1
see also Building maintenance
Manual controls
5-4
Maximum demand control
10-6 to 10-7
MBF lamps
8-7; 19-11
MBI lamps
8-7 to 8-8; 19-11
Measurements
18-3 to 18-4
Mechanical cooling see Air conditioning,
Refrigeration
Mechanical variable flow control
10-5
Mechanical ventilation
4-8, 4-11; 6-2 to 6-5,
6-11; 19-5 to 19-7
Medium temperature hot water boilers 19-12

Index
Mercury (MBF) lamps
8-7; 19-11
Metal halide (MBI) lamps
8-7 to 8-8; 19-11
Metering
4-16, 4-17; 15-1
see also Instruments and
measurements
Microclimate see Climate
Microprocessor-based controls
5-4 to 5-5
Mixed flow, ventilation
6-3
Mixed-mode ventilation
4-10 to 4-11,
4-12; 6-2, 6-4, 6-9; 19-5
Modular offices, heat gains
11-2
Monitoring
13-2; 14-4; 15-1, 15-2; 16-2 to
16-3; 20-1 to 20-8; 21-1 to 21-2
see also Energy management, Targets
Montreal Protocol
7-4
17-4
Motor circuit analysis (MCA)
Motorised valves
9-13
Motors
10-1 to 10-9; 14-8; 17-2,
17-4; 19-5, 19-13 to 19-15
Multi-zone air conditioning
5-3; 6-8, 6-12;
19-4, 19-6
Multiple boilers
9-5 to 9-6
Multiple chillers
7-9 to 7-10
Multiple glazing
4-6
Natural convectors
Natural gas
Natural ventilation

9-8
4-16
3-4; 4-2, 4-7 to 4-10; 6-1
to 6-2; 15-2; 19-5
see also Windows
Net present value (NPV) assessment
18-7
Night cooling
3-5; 4-10; 6-5; 19-5, 19-8
Night purge control systems
6-12
Night setback temperature controls
9-13
Night ventilation
3-4; 4-4, 4-9, 4-10
Normalised performance indicators (NPIs) 20-3

Occupancy controls
5-3; 8-10
Occupant controls
5-6
Occupants see Building users
Office equipment
11-1 to 11-6; 14-8;
19-9, 19-16
Offices
5-6
air conditioning
6-6, 6-10;
11-5 to 11-6
heat gains
3-4; 11-2, 11-3, 11-5 to
11-6; 19-9, 19-16
lighting
8-2
power demand
11-4
refurbishment
15-1
variable air volume (VAV) systems 6-13;
11-6
zoning
11-6
Oil
4-16
Oil-fired boilers
17-4
Oil-fired heating
17-3
On-site checks
13-1
Open circuit cooling towers
7-6
Open plan offices
5-6
Operating and maintenance manuals
13-2;
15-1
Optimisers
10-7; 17-2; 19-3
Optimising natural ventilation
3-4
Optimum start/stop controls
6-12; 7-10;
9-12, 9-14; 10-6; 19-3, 19-9
Option appraisal, retrofitting projects 18-5 to
18-6
Orientation
4-2
Overhangs
4-13, 4-14
Override facilities
19-3
Oxygen trim controls
19-12
Partially centralised air/water air conditioning
6-7 to 6-9
Partitions
4-4

I-5
Passive cooling
Passive refurbishment
Passive stack ventilation
Payback period, retrofitting projects

6-4, 6-8
15-2
4-10
18-6
to 18-7

Performance
indicators
14-3; 20-3 to 20-4
see also Efficiency indicators
indices
A2-2; 12-1
lines
20-3, 20-4 to 20-5
monitoring
13-2; 14-4; 15-1; 16-2
specification
16-2
Perimeter heating
5-3; 9-13, 19-4, 19-5, 19-6
Perimeter services
15-2
Personal computers see Computers
Photocopiers
11-3, 11-4
Photoelectric controls, lighting
8-10 to 8-11
Pipes, heat
19-8
Pipework
19-15
insulation
19-9, 19-13
lengths
3-5; 9-3, 9-4; 19-11, 19-13
maintenance
17-4
sizing
7-1
Piston flow, ventilation
6-3
Pivot windows
4-6
Plan of work for design team operation:
RIBA Handbook
1-3; 2-2
Planning
maintenance
16-1 to 16-2
retrofitting
18-2
Plans of work
2-2, 2-3; 12-1
Plant capacity controls
19-3
Plant sizing
19-5, 19-9
boilers
9-3
ductwork and pipework
7-1
fans
6-2, 6-3
motors
10-2; 19-5, 19-13, 19-15
Plaque heaters
9-9; 19-12
Plate heat exchangers
19-7, 19-8
Pneumatic controls
5-4
Point of use water heaters
9-4
Pollution
1-2; 2-3
Post-occupancy surveys
13-2
Post-project evaluation
21-1
Preheating
19-7, 19-12
Pressure drops
3-5; 7-5; 17-2; 19-15
Pressure enthalpy diagram
7-5
Pressure testing
19-1
Preventative maintenance
16-2
PROBE studies
21-1
Problems see Troubleshooting
Process energy, target setting
20-7
Programmable controllers
5-4
Programmable thermostats
9-13
Proportional control
5-3
5-3;
Proportional plus integral (P+I) control
6-12; 7-9; 19-4
Pumps
19-14 to 19-15
chilled water distribution
7-8, 7-9, 7-10
directly driven
10-3
heating and hot water systems 9-10; 10-5
location
3-5
maintenance
17-4
motor loads
10-1, 10-3 to 10-6
office air conditioning
11-6
variable flow control
9-14
see also Heat pumps
Purchasing policy
14-7 to 14-8
Radiant heating
9-7, 9-8 to 9-9; 19-12
9-12,
Radiator valves, thermostatic (TRVs)
9-13, 9-14; 10-5, 10-6
Radiators
9-6 to 9-7, 9-8; 17-4
Reactive controls
5-4
Reactive maintenance
16-1 to 16-2

Reciprocating compressors
7-5, 7-7, 7-9
Recirculation
3-5; 19-5, 19-7
Recool systems
19-4
Record keeping see Documentation
Reflective glass
4-6
Reflectors, specular
19-10
Refrigerants
7-3, 7-4; 17-2, 17-3; 19-9
Refrigeration
7-1 to 7-12; 17-2 to 17-3; 19-9
see also Cooling
Refurbishment see Building refurbishment
Regression analysis
20-4 to 20-5
Reheat
19-4, 19-5, 19-6
Renewable energy sources
4-16; 12-3
Replacement
ballasts
17-3
lamps
17-3; 19-10 to 19-11
windows
19-2
Reporting on design
2-3
Reset controls, lighting
8-10
Retrofitting
18-1 to 18-8; 19-1 to 19-18
Return temperature sequence control
9-10
Reveals
4-13, 4-14
Reversible heat pumps
9-6
Rewinding, motors
10-2; 19-15
Roofs
19-2
Room controls
9-12 to 9-13; 19-8
Room surface reflectance
8-2
Room thermostats
9-13
Rotary compressors
7-7 to 7-8
Run-around coils
3-5; 19-7, 19-8
Run-back timers
9-12
Screw compressors
7-5, 7-7, 7-9
Scroll compressors
7-5, 7-7
Sealed glazing
4-7
Self-contained air conditioning
19-6 to 19-7
Self-contained hot water systems
9-4
Sensors
6-12, 6-13; 9-13 to 9-14; 17-2; 19-6
Sequence control
7-9 to 7-10; 9-5 to 9-6,
9-10 to 9-11; 17-2; 19-3, 19-9, 19-12
Service records, building maintenance
16-3
Set points
6-12; 7-1; 19-3
Shading
4-13 to 4-14; 19-2
see also Blinds
Shallow plan buildings
4-3; 15-2
Short-circuiting, ventilation
6-3
Shutters
4-14
SI units
A2-2
Simultaneous heating and cooling
3-3; 6-8,
6-9, 6-12; 7-3; 17-2; 19-4, 19-5, 19-6
Single glazing
4-6
Single sided ventilation
4-9, 4-10
Single zone constant volume systems
19-6
Site layout and constraints
4-1 to 4-2
Sizing see Plant sizing
Sketch design
4-1 to 4-18
Slide valves, compressor control
7-9
Sliding windows
4-6
Small power systems
11-1 to 11-6;
19-15 to 19-16
Smoking areas, ventilation
2-5; 6-1
Sodium (SON) lamps
8-7 to 8-8; 19-11
Solar control
4-6
Solar gain
4-2, 4-6; 5-3; 19-9
Solid fuels
4-16
SON lamps
8-7 to 8-8; 19-11
Space heating
6-9, 9-7 to 9-9
Specialist consultants
14-6
Specular reflectors
19-10
Split unit local air conditioning
6-9
Spray humidifiers
6-5
Stack ventilation
3-4; 4-7 to 4-8, 4-9, 4-10
Standard specification for BEMs
5-1
Start/stop controls
6-12; 7-10; 9-12, 9-14;
10-6; 19-3, 19-7, 19-9

I-6
Steam boilers
Steam injection humidifiers
Storage
heaters
hot water systems
thermal
Strainer cycle, free cooling
Strategic controls
Sub-contracting
Suction throttling
Summated signals
Superheats
Supply temperature control
Sustainable materials
System inhibition
System regulation

Energy efficiency in buildings


17-4; 19-12
6-5
9-4, 9-7; 19-13
9-4; 17-4; 19-13
3-5; 7-2 to 7-3
7-2
5-4
14-6 to 14-7
7-5, 7-9; 19-9
6-12
7-4 to 7-5
7-1; 19-4,
19-6, 19-9
1-2
9-10
10-3 to 10-4; 19-13,
19-14, 19-15

Tall buildings
4-3
Taps
17-4; 19-13
Targets 12-3 to 12-5; 14-4; 15-1; 20-5 to 20-7
see also Energy, management,
Monitoring
Task illuminance
8-2, 8-3
Task lighting
19-10
Temperature
condensing
7-3, 7-4
control
5-3; 6-13; 7-1, 7-9 to 7-10; 9-9;
17-3; 19-4, 19-6, 19-9
controls
9-12 to 9-13, 19-3, 19-5, 19-7,
19-13
sensors
9-13 to 9-14
set points
6-12
Tempered air systems
5-3; 6-7
Terminal controls, ventilation
19-8
Terminal units
6-12; 19-3 to 19-4
Thermal mass
4-3 to 4-4
Thermal performance lines
20-4 to 20-5
Thermal response
3-5; 4-3 to 4-5
Thermal storage
3-5; 7-2 to 7-3
see also Building fabric
Thermal wheels
19-7, 19-8
see also Heat wheels
Thermo-syphon effect
7-6
Thermography
19-1
Thermostatic expansion valves
7-5
Thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs)
9-12,
9-13, 9-14; 10-5, 10-6
Thermostats
9-13
Through-the-wall local air conditioning
6-9
Tilting top vent windows
4-6
Time controls
7-10; 8-9 to 8-10; 9-12;
17-2; 19-3, 19-13, 19-16
Tinted glass
4-6 to 4-7
Top/bottom hung windows
4-6
Top down target setting
20-5
Top vent windows
4-6
Transmission efficiency
19-14
Transport losses see Distribution losses
Transportation
10-7 to 10-8; 19-15
Travelling walk-ways
10-8
Trend logging
20-5, 20-6
Trickle ventilation
4-8 to 4-10
Troubleshooting
13-2; 14-3; 19-1,
19-2 to 19-3
Tube heaters
9-9; 19-12
Tubular fluorescent lamps
8-7
Tungsten lamps
8-6, 8-7; 19-10
Ultrasonic humidifiers
Underfloor heating
Unitary heat pumps
Users see Building users

6-5
9-8
6-9; 7-3

V-belts
10-3; 19-13, 19-14
Valves
control
10-6
expansion
7-4 to 7-5; 17-2
isolation
9-11
motorised
9-13
slide
7-9
9-12, 9-13,
thermostatic radiator (TRVs)
9-14; 10-5, 10-6
Vapour compression cooling plant
7-4,
7-5, 7-6 to 7-8
Variable air dampers
19-5
5-3;
Variable air volume (VAV) systems
6-7, 6-12, 6-13; 10-5; 11-6; 17-2; 19-6
Variable flow control
5-3; 9-14; 10-1,
10-4 to 10-6; 19-13
Variable flow systems
7-8, 7-9; 10-6;
19-14, 19-15
Variable pitch axial fans
10-5; 19-6
Variable re-circulation
19-5
Variable refrigerant flow rate (VRF) 6-9 to 6-10
Variable speed control, combustion air fans
19-12
Variable speed drives (VSDs) 19-5, 19-6, 19-13
air quality control
6-12
compressor control
7-7, 7-8 to 7-9
escalators and conveyors
10-8
flow control and system regulation
5-3;
10-1, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5; 19-3
maximum demand control
10-7
VAV systems
6-7, 6-8
Vending machines
11-2 to 11-3
Ventilation
4-1, 4-7 to 4-11; 6-1 to 6-4, 6-9;
19-5 to 19-8
atria
4-3
building refurbishment
15-1
controls
4-8; 6-11 to 6-13; 10-5; 19-8
see also Windows
deep plan buildings
3-4
displacement
6-3, 6-8
flow patterns see Air flow
free cooling
6-3, 6-4, 6-7, 6-10, 6-12
industrial
19-7
maintenance
17-2
mechanical
4-8, 4-11; 6-2 to 6-5, 6-11;
19-5 to 19-7
mixed-mode
4-10 to 4-11, 4-12; 6-2,
6-4; 6-9; 19-5
motor loads
10-1 to 10-2
natural
3-4; 4-2, 4-7 to 4-10; 6-1 to 6-2;
15-2; 19-5
see also Windows
night
3-4; 4-4, 4-9, 4-10
smoking areas
2-5; 6-1
stack
3-4; 4-7 to 4-8, 4-9, 4-10
and windows
3-4; 4-6, 4-7, 4-10
Vertical pivot windows
4-6
Vertical shading
4-13, 4-14
Walk-ways
10-8
Walls
19-2
Warm air systems
9-8; 19-12
Waste heat see Heat recovery
Water cooled condensers
7-6
Water heaters
9-4
Water treatment
7-6
Weather see Climate
Weather compensation
7-10; 9-2, 9-12
to 9-13
Weather compensators
17-2
Wedge belts
10-3
Wet cooling towers
7-6
Wet space heating systems
9-8
Window design
4-5, 4-7, 4-11, 4-12
Window frame construction
4-6

Windows
4-5 to 4-6, 4-12
building refurbishment
15-2
control
4-4, 4-6; 15-2
draught-proofing
19-1
heat gains/losses
3-4; 4-5
maintenance
17-1, 17-2
natural ventilation
3-4
night ventilation
3-4; 4-10
replacement
19-2
ventilation
3-4; 4-6, 4-7, 4-10
see also Daylighting, Glazing, Natural
ventilation
Wire wound ballasts
8-8
Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)
Regulations 1992
14-9
Zoning
3-3; 4-5, 4-14; 5-2 to 5-3; 15-2
chilled water distribution
7-8
constant volume air conditioning
6-7
controls
5-3; 9-12, 9-13; 15-2; 17-2;
19-3, 19-4, 19-6, 19-7
for daylighting
4-12 to 4-13
electric lighting
8-8
heat pumps
6-9
mixed mode ventilation
4-11; 19-5
offices
11-6
radiant heaters
9-9
temperature controls
9-12, 9-13, 19-3,
19-7
warm air systems
9-8

Index

I-7

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