Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter 1

Introduction
1.1 Background
Induction motors are the backbone of the modern industry and for the past 50 years motor
system especially induction motor has become the need of every industry of the world and
according to one approximation about 60% of the total energy produced in the world is
consumed by the induction motors. Industries as we know need electricity 24 hour for their
production, are in search for cheap energy source to compete and survive in market. They can
either install new renewable energy resources or can optimized their installed system to increase
the efficiency [1].
AC motors are the main workhorses in process industries. Three-phase induction machines are
used extensively in modern industry due to their cost effectiveness, ruggedness and low
maintenance requirements. Their malfunction may not only lead to repair or replacement of the
motor, but also cause significant financial losses due to unexpected process downtime of the
entire assembly line and the loss of productivity. According to IEEE Industry Applications
Society (IAS) and Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) surveys, 3540% of motor failures
are related to the stator winding insulation and iron core. These failures are primarily caused by
severe operating conditions, such as cyclic overload operation; or harsh operating environments,
such as those in the mining or petrochemical industries. According to NEMA (National
Electrical Manufacturers Association) a 10 degree-Celsius increase in motor operating
temperature actually decreases the motor's useful service life by half.
Although induction motors are rugged and reliable, the stator winding insulation failure is
potentially destructive. It often leads to stator winding burnout and even total motor failure. For
this reason, reliable motor operation is crucial in many industrial processes. To ensure reliable
motor operation, protection devices, such as thermal relays, and other different ways are widely
used in modern industry. As Induction motors consume about 60% of industrial electricity and
the increasing cost of electricity has sent many plant engineers search for ways of reducing
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Chapter 1: Introduction

energy losses. Variable voltage operation of partly loaded induction motor has attracted many
researchers as a means of energy saving.
Longer motor life leads to reduced motor maintenance costs and less downtime. A major task
of induction machine condition monitoring is to provide accurate and reliable overload
protection for motors and proper cooling with optimal efficiency.

1.2 Objectives
Following are the major objectives about which the project is concern:

Efficiency improvement of induction motor.

Cooling module manufacturing for commercial level (filters and tubes).

Testing the motor efficiency at different operating temperatures under different

loading conditions.

Improvement of motor efficiency by maintaining its operation in an optimum

temperature range.

Analysis of the input current waveform of the motor to identify the major harmonics.

Design of harmonic filters to mitigate harmonics identified in the previous objective.

Investigating the reduction in distortion power and improvement in true power

factor after using the harmonic filters.

Implementation of ANN for auto optimization of induction motor.

1.3 Methodology
The projected is completed in three Phases.
Phase 1: (Temperature Control To Improve Efficiency)
Methodology

Measurement of motor efficiency at different loads.

Development of cooling techniques

Measurement of efficiency with cooling system

Cost analysis of cooling system

Phase 2: (Reduction in Distortion Power & Power Factor Improvement Deploying

Harmonics filters)
Methodology

Harmonic analysis of the motor input

Current to identify the major harmonics.

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Chapter 1: Introduction

Harmonic filter designing for the identified harmonic in step above.

Energy consumption measurement under different loading conditions with and without
harmonic filters

Phase 3: (Modeling of ANN fed FOC of I.M in MATLAB Simulink)

Methodology

Designing and training ANN model of I.M in MATLAB Simulink.

Modeling of FOC in MATLAB Simulink.

Combining both models to get ANN fed FOC of I.M

1.4 Significance of Project

This project is of great importance especially for the industries using Induction for the
production of their product. This project will not only improve the efficiency of the induction
motor but also give the smart control of Induction Motor. The hot water obtain from the cooling
tubes can be used for the heating purposes in the industries. This hot water has high temperature
can be used to generate voltages using some Piezoelectric material. This project also give the
advantage of the power factor improvement along with the mitigation of the harmonics present
in power supply.

Organization of this report is presented below:

Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter 2: This chapter provides all the literature which is used in the project.

Chapter 3: This chapter gives the methodologies used to implement the project.

Chapter 4: In this chapter experimental results of each techniques has been

calculated and shown and compare with each other.

Chapter 5: In this chapter implementation of the ANNs is done using software and
efficiency of the motor is calculated.

Chapter 6: In the last chapter future work related to this project is elaborated and
recommendations have been suggested for the efficient and effective techniques of
efficiency improvement.