Big bang theory

They have used their observations to develop a theory called the Big Bang.
The theory states that about 13.7 billion years ago all the matter in the
Universe was concentrated into a single incredibly tiny point. This began to
enlarge rapidly in a hot explosion, and it is still expanding today.

What is a spiral galaxy?

Spiral galaxies get their name from the shape of their disks. In a spiral galaxy, the
stars, gas and dust are gathered in spiral arms that spread outward from the galaxy's
center. Spiral galaxies have a lot of gas, dust and newly forming stars. We live in a
spiral galaxy called the Milky Way.

How Was Earth Formed?

The core accretion model

Approximately 4.6 billion years ago, the solar system was a cloud of dust and
gas known as a solar nebula. Gravity collapsed the material in on itself as it
began to spin, forming the sun in the center of the nebula.
With the rise of the sun, the remaining material began to clump up. Small
particles drew together, bound by the force of gravity, into larger particles. The
solar wind swept away lighter elements, such as hydrogen and helium, from
the closer regions, leaving only heavy, rocky materials to create smaller
terrestrial worlds like Earth. But farther away, the solar winds had less
impact on lighter elements, allowing them to coalesce into gas giants. In this
way,asteroids, comets, planets, and moons were created.

THE SUN
The Sun is the center of the Solar System and the source of all life and energy
here on Earth. It accounts for more than 99.86% of the mass of the Solar
System and its gravity dominates all the planets and objects that orbit it.
The light travels from the Sun to Earth in about 8 minutes and 19 seconds.
The energy of this sunlight supports almost all life on Earth by photosynthesis,
and drives Earths climate and weather.

WHAT IS THE MILKY WAY?

What is the Milky Way? Well, simply put, it is the name of the barred spiral
galaxy in which our solar system is located. The Earth orbits the Sun in the
Solar System, and the Solar System is embedded within this vast galaxy of
stars. It is just one of hundreds of billions of galaxies in the Universe, and ours
is called the Milky Way because the disk of the galaxy appears to be spanning
the night sky like a hazy band of glowing white light.

NEBULAE: WHAT ARE THEY AND

WHERE DO THEY COME FROM?
Nebulae are not only massive clouds of dust, hydrogen and helium gas, and
plasma; they are also often stellar nurseries i.e. the place where stars are
born. And for centuries, distant galaxies were often mistaken for these
massive clouds.
now, scientists and astronomers have been aware that outer space is not
really a total vacuum. In fact, it is made up of gas and dust particles known
collectively as the Interstellar Medium
In essence, a nebula is formed when portions of the interstellar medium
undergo gravitational collapse. Mutual gravitational attraction causes matter to

clump together, forming regions of greater and greater density. From this,
stars may form in the center of the collapsing material.

The Solar System:

Solar System Guide
The Sun
Mercury
Venus
Earth
o The Moon
Mars
The Asteroid Belt
Jupiter
o Jupiters Moons
o Galilean Moons
Saturn
o Saturns Moons

 Uranus
o Uranus Moons
Neptune
o Neptunes Moons
Dwarf Planets
The Kuiper Belt
The Oort Cloud

What Is the Solar System and how did the solar system
formed
The Solar System is made up of all the planets that orbit our Sun.
In addition to planets, the Solar System also consists of moons,
comets, asteroids, minor planets, and dust and gas.
Scientists believe that the Solar System evolved from a giant cloud
of dust and gas. They believe that this dust and gas began to
collapse under the weight of its own gravity. As it did so, the matter
contained within this could begin moving in a giant circle, much like
the water in a drain moves around the center of the drain in a circle.

At the center of this spinning cloud, a small star began to form. This
star grew larger and larger as it collected more and more of the
dust and gas that collapsed into it.
Further away from the center of this mass where the star was
forming, there were smaller clumps of dust and gas that were also
collapsing. The star in the center eventually ignited forming our
Sun, while the smaller clumps became the planets, minor planets,
moons, comets, and asteroids.

Saturn's moons Titan

Discovered by Huygens in 1655, Titan is the largest moon
orbiting Saturn, and the second largest moon in the Solar
System. It is bigger in diameter than both the planets
Mercury and Pluto and also larger than Earth's moon.
It contains an atmosphere far thicker than even that of the
Earth. Unfortunately scientists don't know very much about
this world because they have not yet been able to penetrate
its thick clouds to photograph its surface.

Saturn's largest moon Titan is the second largest moon in our solar
system, second only to Jupiter's Ganymede, which is only 2 percent
larger. With a mean radius of 1,600 miles (2,575 km), Titan is bigger than
Earth's moon, and even larger than the planet Mercury.
Titan is the only moon in our solar system that has clouds and a dense
atmosphere, mostly nitrogen and methane. It is also the only other place
in the solar system known to have an earthlike cycle of liquids flowing
across its surface.

Orbit
Titan orbits Saturn at a distance of about 759,000 miles (1.2 million km),
taking 15 days and 22 hours to complete a full orbit. Titan is tidally
locked in synchronous rotation with Saturn, and permanently presents
one face to the planet as it completes its orbit.
Surface
Cassini has revealed that Titan's surface is shaped by rivers and lakes of
liquid ethane and methane (the main component of natural gas). These
liquids form clouds from which the liquid gases sometimes rain from the
sky as water does on Earth.