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A MINOR PROJECT REPORT

ON

COMPETETIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN MARUTISWIFT AND


HYUNDAI GETZ
SUBMITTED IN THE PARTITAL FULLFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE
DEGREE BACHELORE IN BUSNIESS ADMINISTRATION
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:

MRS. SEEMA WADHAWAN


ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, RDIAS
SUBMITTED BY:

ANKUR GAUTAM
ENROLLMENT NO: 03515901712
BBA SEMESTER III
BATCH 2012-2015

RUKMINI DEVI INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES


NAAC ACCREDITED A Grade
Category A++ Institute
High grading 83% by joint assessment
An ISO Certified Institute
(Approved by AICTE, HRD Ministry, Govt. of India)
Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi
2A & 2B, Madhuban Chowk, Outer Ring Road, Phase I, Delhi 110085

TABLE OF CONTENT
S.NO

PARTICULARS

TITLE PAGE

TABLE OF CONTENT

STUDENT DECLARATION

CERTIFICATE OF GUIDE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Chapter 1-

PLAN OF THE STUDY

Chapter 2-

COMPANY PROFILE

16

Chapter 3-

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

46

Chapter 4-

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

50

Chapter 5-

FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

66

Chapter 6-

RECCOMENDATION AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

69

ANNEXURE

73

STUDENTS DECLARATION

This is to certify that I have completed the project titled COMPETETIVE ANALYSIS
BETWEEN MARUTI SWIFT AND HYUNDAI GETZ under the guidance of MRS.
SEEMA WADHAWAN in the partial fulfillment for the award of the degree bachelor in
business administration from RUKMINI DEVI INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES,
DELHI
This is an original work and I have not submitted it earlier elsewhere

ANKUR GAUTAM
Enrollment No: 03515901712
BBA Semester III

CERTIFICATE OF GUIDE

This is to certify that the project titled COMPETETIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN


MARUTI SWIFT AND HYUNDAI GETZ is an academic work done by ANKUR
GAUTAM submitted in the partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

bachelor in business administration from RUKMINI DEVI INSTITUTE OF


ADVANCED STUDIES, DELHI under my guidance and direction.

To the best of my knowledge and belief the data and information presented by
him/her in the project has not been submitted earlier elsewhere.

Name of the Faculty MRS. SEEMA WADHAWAN


Designation Assistant Professor
RDIAS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In Indian culture a task is said to be incomplete without the blessings of almighty and elders.
Also acknowledging the work and help of all those who have guided me for the completition
of my project on time, is indeed duty of mine. Knowing the fact that no words can measure
their guidance to any text. I take this opportunity to express my profound sense of gratitude to
all those who encouraged me, assisted me and cooperated with me for successful
completition of this summer project and without them this summer project would not have
been possible.
It provides me immense pleasure to extend my grateful thanks to ..and all faculty members
of for their guidance, motivation, encouragement and able supervision.
I express my deep sense of gratitude and reverence for my parents and friends for their
endless love guidance moral support encouragement and cooperation throughout my study
and work without which this work would ever have been completed.
It was learning and experience for me and I therefore indebted to all the people mentioned
above as no words can thank them for their love shown towards me.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

At a time when auto industry expert in India refuse to predict even the next quarters growth,
US-based consultancy Keystone-a subsidiary of LaSalle
that India will become the worlds third
China and the US. An ageing

Consulting Associates-has forecast

largest automobile market by 2030, behind just

population and increasing costs of ownership will see auto

market shrinking in Japan, Korea and Europe while increasing per capita income will fuel
the

two Asian giants growth, it says.

Over the next quarter century, emerging market will replace the mature markets of America,
Europe and Japan as the primary driver of sales growth and will account for 69% of industry
sales and 87% of vehicle registrations. Over the next 25 years, more motor vehicles will be
sold than in the entire history of the industry. The main objective of the project is to find
customer reaction towards various reasonable amount from its customers for providing such
facilities.
So looking at to the Indian car market this project is done to analyse the trends and views
customers prevails in their mind when purchasing a car on the basis of its appearance,
awareness, features and to know the satisfaction level existing customer when companies like
Maruti and Hyundai competing for the same market segment with their cars like swift on one
hand and Getz on the other hand. With various car manufacturer like hundai, Maruti, Tata, etc
in market, tough competition among these players in increasing & all these players are using,

various attractive marketing strategies to attract more & more customer & in turn to increase
their sales. In present scenario there are different model provided by different players in the
market to beat to each other in different segments of bikes.

CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION

CONSUMER

BEHAVIOUR

In todays challenging and competitive world of last changing technology, consumer tastes
are also characterized by fast changes. So to survive in the market the firms have to be in
touch with the changing consumer preferences. Marketers have to understand the consumer
behavior and factors influencing the buying behavior of the customers in order to be
successful in this dynamic and competitive environment.
MEANING OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

Consumer Behavior is the behavior that the consumer display while searching for, evaluating,
purchasing and disposing of products and services that they expect will satisfy their needs.
Consumer behavior is the study of how consumer makes their decisions to spend their
resources

on

consumption

related

items

i.e.

time,

efforts

and

money.

Study of consumer behavior proves the marketers an insight regarding the consumer
preferences and helps them in effective market segmentation and targeting. The importance
of consumer behavior lies in the fact that behavior can be understood and influenced to
ensure a positive purchase decision. So a round understanding of consumer behavior is
necessary for long run success of any marketing program. Thats why the marketing
managers interest lies exactly in understanding consumer behavior to ensure that his
marketing

strategy results in

purchase

of

the

product.

DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

The study of consumer behavior is quite complex, because of many variables involved and
their tendency to interact with and influence each other. The main determinants of consumer
behaviour:

External Variables
Individual determinants of Consumer Behaviors

External Variables: The external environment is made up of various influences such as:
Culture
Sub Culture
Social Class
Family
Reference Groups
Personal Factors such as age and life cycle, education, occupation, life style, personality, etc.
Individual Determinants of Consumer Behavior:
The individual determinants of consumer behavior are:
Personality and Self Concept
Motivation and Involvement
Learning
Memory
Attitude

These can be consumable goods, durable goods, speciality goods or, industrial goods. What
we buy, how we buy, where and when we buy, in how much quantity we buy depends on our
perception, self concept, social and cultural background and our age and family cycle, our

attitudes, beliefs values, motivation, personality, social class and many other factors that are
both internal and external to us. While buying, we also consider whether to buy or not to buy
and, from which source or seller to buy. In some societies there is a lot of affluence and, these
societies can afford to buy in greater quantities and at shorter intervals. In poor societies, the
consumer can barely meet his barest needs.
The marketers therefore tries to understand the needs of different consumers and having
understood his different behaviours which require an in-depth study of their internal and
external environment, they formulate their plans for marketing.

2 Consumer Behaviour
Management is the youngest of sciences and oldest of arts and consumer behaviour in
management is a very young discipline. Various scholars and academicians concentrated on it
at a much later stage. It was during the 1950s, that marketing concept developed, and thus the
need to study the behaviour of consumers was recognised. Marketing starts with the needs of
the customer and ends with his satisfaction. When every thing revolves round the customer,
then the study of consumer behaviour becomes a necessity. It starts with the buying of goods.
Goods can be bought individually, or in groups. Goods can be bought under stress (to satisfy
an immediate need), for comfort and luxury in small quantities or in bulk. For all this,
exchange is required. This exchange is usually between the seller and the buyer. It can also be
between consumers. Consumer behaviour can be defined as the decision-making process and
physical activity involved in acquiring, evaluating, using and disposing of goods and
services.
This definition clearly brings out that it is not just the buying of goods/services that receives
attention in consumer behaviour but, the process starts much before the goods have been
acquired or bought. A process of buying starts in the minds of the consumer, which leads to
the finding of alternatives between products that can be acquired with their relative
advantages and disadvantages. This leads to internal and external research. Then follows a
process of decision-making for purchase and using the goods, and then the post purchase

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behaviour which is also very important, because it gives a clue to the marketers whether his
product has been a success or not. To understand the likes and dislikes of the consumer,
extensive consumer research studies are being conducted.
Consumer behaviour is a complex, dynamic, multidimensional process, and all marketing
decisions are based on assumptions about consumer behaviour.
Marketing strategy is the game plan which the firms must adhere to, in order to outdo the
competitor or the plans to achieve the desired objective. In formulating the marketing
strategy, to sell the product effectively, cost-benefit analysis must be undertaken.
There can be many benefits of a product, for example, for owning a motor bike one can be
looking for ease of transportation, status, pleasure, comfort and feeling of ownership. The
cost is the amount of money paid for the bike, the cost of maintenance, gasoline, parking, risk
of injury in case of an accident, pollution and frustration such as traffic jams. The difference
between this total benefit and total cost constitutes the customer value. The idea is to provide
superior customer value and this requires the formulation of a marketing strategy. The entire
process consists of market analysis, which leads to target market selection, and then to the
formulation of strategy by juggling the product, price, promotion and distribution, so that a
total product (a set of entire characteristics) is offered. The total product creates an image in
the mind of the consumer, who undergoes a decision process Information Consumer life style
Processing Marketing Activities Learning(memory)Motives Value Emotions Personality
Perception Households Culture Subculture Demographics Social Status Reference Groups
Attitudes/Needs Situations Problem Recognition Information Search Evaluation and
Selection Outlet selection and purchase Post purchase process Situations Experiences Fig. 1.1
A simplified framework for studying consumer behaviour.
4 Consumer Behaviour
Which leads to the outcome in terms of satisfaction or dissatisfaction, which reflects on the
sales and image of the product or brand.Figure 1.1 gives in detail the shaping of consumer
behaviour, which leads a consumer to react in certain ways and he makes a decision, keeping
the situations in mind. The process of decision-making varies with the value of the product,
the involvement of the buyer and the risk that is involved in deciding the product/service.

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The figures shows the consumer life style in the centre of the circle. The consumer and his
life style is influenced by a number of factors shown all around the consumer. These are
culture, subculture, values, demographic factors, social status, reference groups, household
and also the internal make up of the consumer, which are a consumers emotions, personality
motives of buying, perception and learning. Consumer is also influenced by the marketing
activities and efforts of the marketer.
All these factors lead to the formation of attitudes and needs of the consumer.
Marketing strategy and consumer behaviour.
Marketing Strategy and Consumer Behaviour
(i) Marketing Analysis
(a) Consumer
(b) Company
(c) Competition
(d) Condition
(ii) Marketing Segmentation
(e) Identify product related needs
(f) Group customers with similar need sets
(g) Describe each group
(h) Select target market
(iii) Marketing Strategy
(i) Product
(j) Price
(k) Distribution
(l) Communication
(m) Service

12

(iv) Consumer Decision Process


(n) Problem recognition
(o) Information searchinternal, external
(p) Alternative evaluation
(q) Purchase
(r) Use
(s) Evaluation
(v) Outcomes

Consumer Behaviour 5
Then follows the process of decision-making, as shown in the rectangle which
consists of the problem recognition, information search (which is both internal and
external) then the evaluation and selection procedure, and finally the purchase. After
the purchase and use of the product the customer may be satisfied or dissatisfied with
the product. This is known as post-purchase behaviour. The existing situations also play
an important role in the decision-making process. The dotted line show the feedback.

PERCEPTUAL

MAPPING

13

Consumers perceptions of products are developed in a complex way and are not easily
determined by marketers. However, a technique known as perceptual mapping may be used
in exploring consumers product perceptions. Since product can be perceived on many
dimensions (such as quality, price and strength) the technique is multidimensional in nature.
That is, it allows for the influence for more than one stimulus characteristic on product
perceptions, typically consumer feel out measuring scales to indicate their perceptions of
many characteristics and similarity of competing brands. Computer programs analyze the
resulting data to determine those products characteristics or combination of characteristics
that are most important to consumers in distinguishing between competing brands. Results of
this analysis can be plotted in terms of perceptual maps which display how consumes
perceive

the

brands,

and

their

differences,

on

coordinate

system.

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

Main Objective1- To Compare and Contrast Maruti Swift over Hyundai Getz

Sub-Objective1- To know the reasons on the basis of which customers select a car amongst the two.

Hypothesis-

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Ho: There exists no significance in the minds of customers between Hyundai Getz and
Maruti Swift.
H1: Most Customers do differentiate between Hyundai Getz and Maruti Swift on
different parameters

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Relevant literatures pertaining to the present study on four wheeler automobile industry are
included in this chapter. The literatures are helpful for proper understanding the four wheeler
automobile industry and its various related aspects. Review of literature is also helpful in
effectively fulfilling the objectives for which the research project has been undertaken.
G.S.

Dangayach

and

S.G.

Deshmukh,

in

their

study

on

Advanced

manufacturing technologies: evidences from Indian automobile companies in International


Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management, reports the findings of an
exploratory survey on Advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT) administered in Indian
automobile companies. The objective of the survey is to assess the status of advanced
manufacturing technologies, identify advanced manufacturing technologies relevant to Indian
automobile sector companies, identify competitive priorities, and assess the degree of
investment in advanced manufacturing technologies. Responses from 68 companies are
analyzed

and

presented.

RNCOS industry in their study of Indian Automobile Sector provides a forecast and analysis
based on various macro- and microeconomic factors, sector and industry specific databases,
and an in-house statistical and analytical model. This model takes into account the past and
current trends in an economy, and more specifically in an industry, to bring out an objective
market analysis. In this research main topics covered are: Study of the Indian automobile
industry structure, Analysis of performance of industry sub-segments and their future
outlook, Understanding the Indian auto component market and its growth aspects,
Identification of future prospects for the Indian automobile industry.

15

S. Saraswathi undertook a study on Customer Satisfaction on Post-Sales Service with


Reference to Four-Wheeler Automobile Industry which reveals that the key to success of
automobile industry lies not only in having good products but also in being able to provide
the customer with the level of service they desire. Because of increasing competitiveness in
the Indian automobile industry, almost all automobile manufacturers have invested valuable
resources on customer satisfaction as a tool to understand the needs and expectations of their
customers. Increased presence of four-wheeler vehicles throughout the country has created a
growing need for providing service infrastructures closer to the customers' homes or offices.
Dr V Sumantran (Executive Director-Passenger Car Business Unit and Engineering Research
Centre at Tata Motors Limited during November 2001 to August 2005, conducted a study on
The Indian Auto Industry & The Role of Dealers which reveals that the global auto
industry has been the subject of much analysis in recent years. While global capacity creation
proceeds at a good clip on one hand, continued capacity creation in the face of sluggish sales
have led to depressed levels of capacity utilization. Today, the Indian auto industry is one of
the largest industrial sectors with a turnover that contributes to roughly 5 per cent of India's
GDP. More importantly, it contributes to employment of over 2 million people directly and
indirectly to another 10 million. The industry is important for national policy in that it
contributes

19

per

cent

16

of

indirect

taxes.

CHAPTER - II
COMPANY PROFILE

Indian Automobile Industry: An Introduction

The automobile industry is one of the largest industries in India as in many other countries.
It plays a major role in the growth of economy in India. The industry comprises
automobiles and auto component sectors, which encompass passenger cars, two-wheelers,
three-wheelers, tractors, commercial vehicles, multi- utility vehicles and components.
Today, the Indian automobile industry is the worlds largest motorcycle manufacturer, the

17

second largest two-wheeler and tractor manufacturer, the fifth largest commercial vehicle
manufacturer and the fourth largest car maker in Asia. Apart from serving the domestic
market, the Indian auto sector has also become a sourcing hub for the global auto giants.
The Government of India has introduced an ambitious project of setting up world-class
automotive testing and R&D infrastructure to place India in the USD 6 trillion global
automotive businesses. This book details the current status and factors influencing the
growth of the Indian automobile industry; its future prospects and the success stories of
some automobile giants in India. It also focuses on the future growth of the industry as a
result of the newly adopted technologies and strategies.
Following India's growing openness, the arrival of new and existing models, easy availability
of finance at relatively low rate of interest and price discounts offered by the dealers and
manufacturers all have stirred the demand for vehicles and a strong growth of the Indian
automobile industry.
The data obtained from ministry of commerce and industry, shows high growth obtained
since 2004- 05 in automobile production continuing in the first three quarters of the 200708.Annual growth was 16.0 per cent in April-December, 2004; the growth rate in 2006-07
was 15.1 per cent The automobile industry grew at a compound annual growth rate
(CAGR)

of

22

per

cent

between

1992

and

1997.

With investment exceeding Rs. 50,000 crore, the turnover of the automobile industry
exceeded Rs. 59,518 crore in 2006-07. Including turnover of the auto-component sector, the
automotive industry's turnover, which was above Rs. 84,000 crore in 2006-07, is estimated
to have exceeded Rs.1,00,000 crore ( USD 22. 74 billion) in 2007-08.
Sales incentives, introduction of new models as well as variants coupled with easy
availability of low cost finance with comfortable repayment options continued to drive
demand and sales of automobiles during the first two quarters of the current year. The risk
of an increase in the interest rates, the impact of delayed monsoons on rural demand, and
increase in the costs of inputs such as steel are the key concerns for the players in the
industry.
As the players continue to introduce new models and variants, the competition may

18

intensify further. The ability of the players to contain costs and focus on exports will be
critical

for

the

performance

of

their

respective

companies.

The auto component sector has also posted significant growth of 20 per cent in 2006-07, to
achieve a sales turnover of Rs.30, 640 crore (US$ 6.7 billion). Further, there is a potential
for higher growth due to outsourcing activities by global automobiles giants. Today, this
sector has emerged as another sunrise sector.
passenger vehicles (passenger cars, utility vehicles, multi-purpose vehicles), commercial
vehicles (light and medium-heavy vehicles), and three wheelers (passenger carriers and good
carriers).
The industry is one of the key drivers of economic growth of the nation. Since the delicensing
of the sector in 1991 and the subsequent opening up of 100 percent FDI through automatic
route, Indian automobile sector has come a long way. Today, almost every global auto major
has set up facilities in the country.
The world standings for the Indian automobile sector, as per the Confederation of Indian
Industry, are as follows:

Largest three-wheeler market

Second largest two-wheeler market

Tenth largest passenger car market

Fourth largest tractor market

Fifth largest commercial vehicle market

Fifth largest bus and truck segment

The auto sector reported a robust growth rate of 26 percent in the last two years (2010-2012).
The BSE AUTO Index outperformed the benchmark Nifty by 79%, 12% and 19% in FY10,
FY11 and FY12, respectively.
However, the sector has shown a sluggish growth of 12 percent in 2012. The trend is likely to
stay with a 10 percent growth outlined for 2013 citing high ownership costs (fuel costs, cost
of registration, excise duty, road tax) and slow rural income growth. Solid but cautious
growth is expected over the next few years. However, from a long-term perspective, rising
incomes, improved affordability and untapped markets present promising opportunities for

19

automobile manufactures in India. According to Macquaire equities research, sale of


passenger vehicles is expected to double in the next four years and growth anticipated is
higher than the 16 percent achieved in the past 10 years. Two-wheeler vehicle segment is
expected to show slow growth of 10 percent CAGR over the period of 2012-2016, suggests
the report.
The Government recognizes the impact of the sector on the nations economy, and
consequently, the Automotive Mission Plan 2016 launched by it seeks to grow the industry to
a size of US $145bn by 2016 and make it contribute 10 percent to the nations GDP.
Factors that will drive growth in the sector

Rising incomes among Indian population will lead to increased affordability,


increasing domestic demand for vehicles, especially in the small car segment.

Fuel economy and demand for greater fuel efficiency is a major factor that affects
consumer purchase decision that will bring leading companies across two-wheeler and fourwheeler segment to focus on delivering performance-oriented products.

Product innovation and market segmentation will channelize growth. Vehicles based
on alternative fuels will be an area of interest for both consumers and auto makers.

Focus on establishing India as auto-manufacturing hub is reigning in policy support in


form of Governments technology modernisation fund.

Industry will seek to augment sales by tapping into rural markets, youth, women and
luxury segments.
Upcoming trends
India is emerging as a strong automotive R&D hub with foreign players like Hyundai,
Suzuki, General Motors setting up base in India. This move is further enhanced by
Governments support towards setting up centres for development and innovation. Tata
Nanos successful entry in the Indian market has steamed up the opportunities of growth
available in alternative segments like electric cars, vehicles run on natural gas, etc.
Job opportunities in automobile sector

20

According to the Confederation of Indian Industry, auto sector currently employs 787, 7702
people, 58 percent of who are in the passenger car segment. However, there is an increasing
demand for skilled professionals in the domain of effective service delivery, spares
management and support functions. ITIs and Polytechnics provide 530,000 graduates every
year, but there is an urgent need for updating courses to keep up with changing trends in
technology, manufacturing, and processes.
Automobile,

self-propelled

vehicle

used

primarily

on

public

roads

butadaptable to other surfaces. Automobiles changed the world during the 20thcentury,
particularly in the United States and other industrialized nations. From the growth of suburbs
to

the

development

of

elaborate

road

and

highway

systems,

theso-

called horseless carriage has forever altered the modern landscape. Themanufacture, sale, and
servicing of automobiles have become key elements of industrial economies. But along with
greater mobility and job creation, theautomobile has brought noise and air pollution and auto
mobile accidents rank among the leading causes of death and injury throughout the world.
But for better or worse, the 1900s can be called the Age of the Automobile, and cars will no
doubtcontinue to shape our culture and economy well into the 21st century.Automobiles are
classified by size, style, number of doors, and intended use. Thetypical automobile, also
called a car, auto, motorcar, and passenger car, has four wheels and can carry up to six
people, including a driver. Larger vehicles designedto carry more passengers are called vans,
minivans, omnibuses, or buses.
In 2007 manufacturing plant in more than 25 countries produced 73.2 million passenger
cars .The automobile is built around an origin various systems supply theorigin with fuel,
cool it daring operation, lubricate its moving parts and removeexhaust gases it creates. The
origin produces mechanical power that is transmittedto the automobiles wheels through
adverting which includes a transmission. Oneor more dive shafts, a differential gear and
axles. Suspension system which includessparing and shock absorbers, customs the ride and
help protect the vehicle from being damaged by bumps heavy loads and other shersis.
Wheel and tares supportvehicles on the road way and when rotated by powered axles, propel
the vehicleforward or backward. Steering speed. An electrical system start and operate
theengine monitor and control many aspects of the vehicle operation and powers
suchcomponents as head light and radios. Safety features such as bumpers air bugs andseat
bells help protect occupants in an accident.

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The history of the automobile actually began about 4100 years ago when thefirst wheel was
used to transportation in India. In the early 15th century Portuguesearrived in china and the
interaction of the two culture leaded to variety of newtechnologies including the creation of a
wheel . By the 1600s small steam poweredengine models had been developed but it was
another century before a full sizedengine powered vehicle was created.In 1769 French Army
Officer captain Nicolas joseph Cugsnot built what has been called the first automobile
cugnots parel wheeler steam powered vehiclecarried four person. Designed to move artillery
pieces. It has a top speed of a titlemore than 3.2km/h and had a stop every 20 minutes to build
up

a fresh

head

of steam. As

easily

in 1801 successful

but

very

heavy

steam automobile typeintroduced in England laws barred them from public road and forced
their ownersto run them like train or private tracks their owners to run them like train or
privatetracks in 1802 a steam powered coach designed by British Engineer. RichardTrethvick
journed more than 160km from corn wall to London . Steam poweredcaught the attention of
other vehicle builders. In 1804, American inventor Oliver Evans built a steam powered car in
1828.

Automobile Dealers Network in India

22

In terms of Car dealer networks and authorized service stations, Maruti leads the pack
with Dealer networks and workshops across the country. The other leading automobile
manufacturers are also trying to cope up and are opening their service stations and dealer
workshops in all the metros and major cities of the country. Dealers offer varying kind of
discount of finances who in turn pass it on to the customers in the form of reduced
interest rates
Major Manufacturers in Automobile Industry

Maruti Udyog Ltd.

General Motors India

Ford India Ltd.

Eicher Motors

Bajaj Auto

Daewoo Motors India

Hero Motors

Hindustan Motors

Hyundai Motor India Ltd.

Royal Enfield Motors

Telco

TVS Motors

DC Designs

Swaraj Mazda Ltd

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Government has liberalized the norms for foreign investment and import of technology
and that appears to have benefited the automobile sector. The production of total vehicles
increased from 4.2 million in 1998- 99 to 7.3 million in 2006-07. It is likely that the
production of such vehicles will exceed 10 million in the next couple of years.
The industry has adopted the global standards and this was manifested in the increasing
exports of the sector. After a temporary slump during 1998- 99 and 1999-00, such exports
registered robust growth rates of well over 50 per cent in 2005-06 and 2006-07 each to
exceed two and- a-half times the export figure for 2007-08

Maruti Suzuki
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd (formerly Maruti Udyog Ltd) is India's largest passenger car
company, accounting for over 50 per cent of the domestic car market. The company offers
full range of cars from entry level Maruti 800 & Alto to stylish hatchback Ritz, A-star, Swift,
Wagon R, Estillo and sedans DZire, SX4 and Sports Utility vehicle Grand Vitara. The
company is a subsidiary of Suzuki Motor Corporation of Japan. The company is engaged in
the business of manufacturing, purchase and sale of motor vehicles and spare parts
(automobiles). The other activities of the company include facilitation of pre-owned car sales,
fleet management and car financing. They have four plants, three located at Palam Gurgaon
Road, Gurgaon, Haryana and one located at Manesar Industrial Town, Gurgaon, Haryana.
The company has seven subsidiary companies, namely Maruti Insurance Business Agency
Ltd, Maruti Insurance Distribution Services Ltd, Maruti Insurance Agency Solutions Ltd,
Maruti Insurance Agency Network Ltd, Maruti Insurance Agency Services Ltd, Maruti
Insurance Agency Logistics Ltd and True Value Solutions Ltd. The first six subsidiaries are
engaged in the business of selling motor insurance policies to owners of Maruti Suzuki
vehicles and seventh subsidiary, True Value Solutions Ltd is engaged in the business of sale
of certified pre-owned cars under the brand 'Maruti True Value'. Maruti Suzuki India Ltd was
incorporated on February 24, 1981 with the name Maruti Udyog Ltd. The company was
formed as a government company, with Suzuki as a minor partner, to make a people's car for
middle class India.
Over the years, the company's product range has widened, ownership has changed hands and
the customer has evolved. In October 2, 1982, the company signed the license and joint

24

venture agreement with Suzuki Motor Corporation, Japan. In the year 1983, the company
started their productions and launched Maruti 800. In the year 1984, they introduced Maruti
Omni and during the next year, they launched Maruti Gypsy in the market. In the year 1987,
the company forayed into the foreign market by exporting first lot of 500 cars to Hungary. In
the year 1990, the company launched India's first three-box car, Sedan. In the year 1992,
Suzuki Motor Corporation, Japan increased their stake in the company to 50%. In the year
1993, they introduced the Maruti Zen and in the next year they launched Maruti Esteem in
the market. In the year 1995, the company commenced their second plant.
In the year 1997, they started Maruti Service Master as model workshop in India to look after
sales services. In the year 1999, the third plant with new press, paint and assembly shops
became operational. In the year 2000, the company launched Maruti Alto in the market. In the
year 2002, Suzuki Motor Corporation increased their stake in the company to 54.2%. In
January 2002, the company introduced 10 finance companies (8 + 2JVs) in Mumbai. Also,
they found one new business segment, Maruti True Value for sales, purchase and trade of preowned cars in India. In the year 2005, the company launched the first world strategic model
from Suzuki Motor Corporation 'the SWIFT' in India. In the year 2006, they launched
WaganR Duo with LPG and also the New Zen Estillo.
During the year 2006-07, the company commenced operations in the new car plant and the
diesel engine facility at Manesar, Haryana. In November 2006, they inaugurated a new
institute of Driving Training and Research (IDTR), which was set up as a collaborative
project with Delhi Government at Sarai Kale Khan in South Delhi. During the year 2007-08,
the company signed an agreement with the Adani group for exporting 200,000 units annually
through the Mundra port in Gujarat. They launched Swift Diesel and SX4- Luxury Sedan
with Tag line 'MEN ARE BACK' during the year. In July 2007, the company launched the
new Grand Vitara, a stylish, muscular and 5-seater in the MUV segment. The company
changed their name from Maruti Udyog Ltd to Maruti Suzuki India Ltd with effect from
September 17, 2007. During the year, the company entered into a joint venture agreement
with Magneti Marelli Powertrain SpA and formed Magneti Marelli Powertrain India Pvt Ltd
for manufacturing Electric Control Units.
Also they entered into another joint venture agreement with Futaba Industrial Co Ltd and
formed FMI Automotive Components Ltd for manufacturing Exhaust Systems Components.

25

During the year, the company made pact with Shriram City Union Finance Ltd, a part of
Shriram Group, Chennai, to offer easy, transparent and hassle-free car finance to their
customers, particularly in semi urban and rural markets. The agreement is a joint initiative of
the two companies for providing competitive car finance to people in Tier-II and Tier-III
cities across the country. During the year 2008-09, the company launched a new A2 segment
car, branded the A-star in India and in Europe as the new Alto. They raised their production
capacity to a landmark 1 million cars. In June 2008, the company launched Maruti 800 Duo,
which is a dual fuel (LPG-cum- petrol) model car.
In March 2009, the company launched A-star or Suzuki Alto at Geneva Motor Show sales
begin at EU. In April 2009, the company revealed new Ritz K12M engine at Gurgaon plant.
During the year 2009-10, the company raised the capacity of their next generation K-series
engine plant to more than 500,000 units per annum. They started work on an additional plant
of 250,000 cars per annum capacity at Manesar. The company launched their fifth world
strategic model, the Ritz. They also came out with the spacious multi purpose van, Eeco and
the all new WagonR with a K-series engine. During the year 2010-11, the company launched
refreshed variants of WagonR and Alto with the new K-series engines. SX4 was offered with
a Super Turbo Diesel engine. The Company launched the Suzuki Kizashi, India's first sports
luxury sedan. It sports a 2.4 litre engine and is endowed with best-in-class features. The
Company developed in-house i-GPI (Integrated Gas Port Injection) Technology and launched
factory-fitted CNG variants for five of its models: Alto, WagonR, Eeco, Estilo and SX4.
Apart from launching new products, the company added 131 new sales outlets to reach 933
outlets in 668 cities and increased its service reach to 1,395 cities with 2,946 outlets.
The company's network is now servicing about 1.2 million vehicles every month. The
company plans to establish Plant C at Manesar, which will have an installed capacity of
250,000 units per annum. The plant is likely to be ready by end of fiscal 2012/ early 2013.
The company plans to set up Rs 1700 crore diesel engine plant at Gurgaon. They are going to
double the diesel engine capacity at their Gurgaon facility to six lakh units by 2014. Of this,
Rs 950 crore is being invested for the first phase of 1.5 diesel engines by mid-2013.

26

Hyundai Motor

Hyundai Motor India Limited (HMIL) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Hyundai Motor
Company, South Korea and is the second largest and the fastest growing car manufacturer in
India. HMIL presently markets 16 variants of passenger cars in six segments. The Santro in
the B segment, Getz in the B+ segment, the Accent and Verna in the C segment, the Elantra in
the D segment, the Sonata Embera in the E segment and the Tucson in the SUV segment.
Hyundai Motor India, continuing its tradition of being the fastest growing passenger car
manufacturer, registered total sales of 299,513 vehicles in calendar year (CY) 2006, an
increase of 18.5 percent over CY 2005. In the domestic market it clocked a growth of 19.1
percent a compared to 2005, with 186,174 units, while overseas sales grew by 17.4 percent,
with exports of 113,339 units.
HMIL's fully integrated state-of-the-art manufacturing plant near Chennai boasts some of the
most advanced production, quality and testing capabilities in the country. In continuation of
its investment in providing the Indian customer global technology, HMIL is setting up its

27

second plant, which will produce an additional 300,000 units per annum, raising HMIL's total
production capacity to 600,000 per annum by the end of year 2007.
HMIL is investing to expand capacity in line with its positioning as HMC's global export hub
for compact cars. Apart from expansion of production capacity, HMIL plans to expand its
dealer network, which will be increased from 183 to 250 this year. And with the company's
greater focus on the quality of its after-sales service, HMIL's service network will be
expanded to around 1,000 in 2007.
The year 2006 has been a significant year for Hyundai Motor India. It achieved a significant
milestone by rolling out the fastest 300,000th export car. Hyundai exports to over 65
countries globally; even as it plans to continue its thrust in existing export markets, it is
gearing up to step up its foray into new markets. The year just ended also saw Hyundai Motor
India attain other milestones such as the launch of the Verna and yet another path-breaking
record in its young journey by rolling out the fastest 10,00,000th car.
The Hyundai Verna has bagged some of the most prestigious awards starting with the
Overdrive 'Car Of the Year 2007', CNBC-TV18 Autocar 'Best Value For Money Car 2007'
and 'Performance Car of the Year 2007' from Business Standard Motoring.
Last Year Sonata Embera won the 'Executive Car of The Year 2006' award from Business
Standard Motoring Magazine and NDTV Profit Car & Bike declared the Tucson as the 'SUV
of The Year 2006'.
HMIL has also been awarded the benchmark ISO 14001 certification for its sustainable
environment management practices.

28

MARUTI SWIFT
Maruti Suzuki recently launched its mini cooper shaped hatchback called the SWIFT.
The car caries 1.3litre (1298cc) power plant and a decent 87 BHP under the hood. It weighs a
good 980, 1000 and 1010kgs (Ranging from features and variants available) which is
surprisingly heavier than the Maruti Esteem. The car boosts of big car performance despite
the fact that it has a very average power to weight ratio. To achieve this, Suzuki engineers
cleverly modified the air intake and fuel management system to enhance the power by 3bhp
and improve the overall efficiency of the cars engine which is borrowed from the esteem they
worked on the torque at mid and low rpm range to allow comfortable cruising in high gears

29

even at low speed. The gear box has also been developed to mate perfectly with the engines
capabilities only to create the perfect harmony power and fuel efficiency.
Currently the most intelligent car on the Indian roads, the Swift boasts of six on board
computers that are linked to each other through a controlled Area network known as the
CANBUS technology. CANBUS works pretty like an office LAN, Working in real time
between processors and components providing much faster response times than a single
processor based network. Unlike conventional microprocessor based cars which have a single
processor taking care of all the electronics of the engine and components, plus the additional
load of ABS, EBD, Airbag control, Climate Control and Security controls fitted in the car.
Since all the functions in conjunctions with each other, they all work dedicatedly unburdened
and lightening fast.

Faster response times mean faster adaptation of the system to the external situation, resulting
in better fuel efficiencies and longer engine life. Such response time are crucial especially in
cases of a collisions where even a split-second delay in the deployment of the airbags defeats
the purpose of the feature altogether.
Other advantages of the CANBUS include more reliability. Since all the signals travel on one
single backbone cable, fewer wire are required leading to simplicity in installation,
maintenance, and up gradation. This makes the total wirings and networking much more
reliable than other conventional layouts. All the technician needs to do is plug in the handheld
computer TECH2 into the communication port in the engine bay and the car itself tells him
what an where is the problem. This also reduces chances of accidental damage to the car
which may happen when any technician tries to fix problem by hit and trial method.
The Maruti

Swift recently crossed the 300,000 unit cumulative domestic

sales mark within just three years and nine months, making it the fastest selling model in its
segment. Launched back in May 2005, the Swift managed to achieve this landmark figure in
mid-February

2009.

30

version has been available since the time of the launch,

While the petrol

the diesel

version powered by Fiats 1.3-litre Multijet engine was

launched in January 2007. According to Maruti, the diesel version contributes to about 60
percent of total sales, with the balance coming from the 1.3-litre petrol
version. In the current financial year, the

Swift has sold 91,288 units

(April 2008 to January 2009), against 71,113 units last year, representing a growth of 28
percent.
Swift has consistently outstripped supply and

Demand for the diesel

Maruti has taken time to ramp up production of the Multijet engine, as well as increase
production of the car itself. The record sales figure relates only to the hatchback version of
the Swift and does not include its saloon version, the Dzire, which is based on the same
platform and has also been selling very strongly.
Rival models such as the Hyundai
Santro that was launched in Sep 1998 took 4 years and 7 months to touch the 3-lakh
landmark. While the Tata Indica that was launched in December 1998, took more than 5 years
and 3 months to complete the same sales landmark. Even Marutis own Alto model, which
was launched in Sept 2000, took more than 4 years and 9 months to sell as many cars.
Meanwhile, Maruti is also starting an online club for

Swift owners called

Swift Life, from March 2009. Log on to www.swift-life.com for more information. The
Maruti

Swift recently crossed the 300,000 unit cumulative domestic sales

mark within just three years and nine months, making it the fastest selling model in its
segment. Launched back in May 2005, the Swift managed to achieve this landmark figure in
mid February 2009.

31

Swift has consistently outstripped supply and

Demand for the diesel

Maruti has taken time to ramp up production of the Multijet engine, as well as increase
production of the car itself. The record sales figure relates only to the hatchback version of
the Swift and does not include its saloon version, the Dzire, which is based on the same
platform

and

has

also

been

selling

very

strongly.

petrol Swifts and that means the same

The interiors are unchanged from the

comfy seats up front and the cramped ones at the rear. Diesel car owners will want more utility and
will find the boot of the Swift disappointingly small. Whats shocking is that the parcel tray is not
standard and comes as a Rs 1,500 option even on the top-of-the-line VDi ABS model which costs
Rs 5.34 lakh. This sets the tone for the skimping Maruti has done. ABS is an approximately Rs
20,000 option and airbags arent even on the options list, and neither is the electronic climate
control system found on the petrol Swift ZXi. Clearly,
expensive and Maruti is making owners pay a premium of Rs 70,000 for it.

32

the diesel engine is

the engine and the car shakes slightly but immediately settles down to

Start

a smooth idle. Vibrations are extremely well-controlled and at idle, this is the most refined diesel
the engine becomes more vocal as revs rise

this side of Rs 10 lakh. However,

and it loses the refinement edge to the Fiesta diesel, but only just. The engine sound wont
bother you in the least while cruising or at low revs. What will bother you is the assortment of body
rattles

and

transmission

that

whines.

the Swift is

Fiats famed 1248cc 16-valve twin-cam diesel which powers

remarkably free-revving. Power doesnt tail off and

the engine spins happily

to 5300rpm. The downside is that below 2000rpm

the Swift lacks a sense of

urgency. Theres a slight hesitation and the turbo takes time to spool up; this is especially noticeable
when you drive up inclines.

The Swift is not as responsive as the Fiesta which

pulls strongly from 1500rpm. This means using the Swifts gearbox frequently and thats no bad
thing because it is one of the best around. Double synchro rings on first and second gear allow you
to downshift to those cogs effortlessly. The throw is short and snappy and the overall feel far better
than the shift on the

petrol Swift.

Performance is pretty impressive as well with 100kph arriving in 13.87 seconds. To put that
figure in perspective, for under Rs 10 lakh, only the Hyundai Verna with its 35bhp advantage is
faster. Top speed is 160kph but what matters is the relaxed way in which
Swift

Diesel

33

the
cruises.

At 100kph in fifth gear,

the engine turns over at a very stress-free 2500rpm.

The Fiat diesel weighs 115kg, approximately 30kg more than the

petrol engine,

but thats still quite light for a diesel. To handle this extra weight over the front wheels, Maruti
engineers have stiffened the springs at the front. The extra weight isnt really noticeable and
steering effort is a touch more at parking speeds, while at higher speed there is slack around the
straight-ahead position of this electrically- powered steering system that is so typical of
the Swift.

the Swift Diesel rides on narrower but taller tyres, the ride is

However, since

petrol sibling. The damping and ride quality are good but sharp

better than its

bumps and potholes thud through, jolting the passengers. In terms of ride quality,
the Swift is hard-pressed to match the comfort or suppleness of the Chevy UVA or the Hyundai Getz.

The Swift Diesel is one of the most fuel-efficient cars

in the country today, beating the Ford Fiesta diesel, our former fuel-efficiency champion, by a
small margin. In our gruelling city cycle which involves navigating through several of Mumbais
rush-hours,

the Swift notched a miserly 14.4kpl. During our highway cycle,

which includes sections of the super-smooth Mumbai-Pune Expressway,

the

Swift returned a stupendous 19.1kpl. To put these figures in perspective, the Fiesta diesel returns
13.9kpl and 18.3kpl for the same city and highway cycles respectively. The other diesels arent

34

the Swift Diesels trump card, it has other

even close. While fuel efficiency is

aces tucked away under its hood like refinement and

performance.

The Swift sets a new standard for diesel hatchbacks. It is refined, incredibly
fuel efficient and easy to drive. Its compact dimensions make it best suited for long-distance urban
driving, especially now that cities are expanding at a rapid rate.

The downside is that

the Swift continues to be cramped and the small boot

doesnt offer much space either. And these are important considerations for a typical diesel
car owner who desires a functional
Its not the ideal

car with lots of utility.

car for families or for holidays but if you dont mind

sacrificing size and space, you get an incredibly user-friendly diesel

car which

is incredibly cheap to run. And its the low running costs which eventually justify the whopping Rs
70,000 premium over the

petrol Swift you have to pay, despite Marutis

stinginess with the equipment list.

35

HYUNDAI GETZ

36

The Hyundai Getz Opens up a new segment in the market, Somewhere between small
hatches like the Santro and Zen, and the C-segment sedans like the Ikon and Accent. Priced
From Rs 4.7 lac (ex-showroom Mumbai), It aims to draw people away from both the hatches
and midsize sedans by being more practical and modern than either.
The Getz has been design as a modern European super-mini,which means maximum usage of
space and Clean, Sharp and Styling like most European super minis, The Gets is fairly wide
(wider than an Ikon) and tall, With a long wheelbase, and pushes the wheels and roof pillars
outwards to increase space. It has cleaner styling than most Hyudais, And many styling cues
seem to have been taken from European car, Such as the C-pillar, Which resembles the
Volkswagen Golf, and the tail-lamp, Which Resembles that of the Italian styled Daewoo
Matiz.
The Getz has been engineered to meet most European safety norms and popular
requirements,Which mean a safe, Sturdy chassis and a conventional lay out with a transverse
engine driving the front wheels. The suspension is conventional independent MacPherson
struts in front, And a semi independent torsion bar at the rear, The cars ride height has been
raised by 15mm for India, To improve ground clearance, getting stiffer in the process. ABS
and alloys are available as an option, but sadly, airbags or other safety equipment are not on
offer.
The interior is the best bit about the Getz- it is larger than that of most C-segment sedans.
There is ample space for five people, With everyone having plenty of leg-shoulder-and head
room .

Like most

European super minis, the Getz is fairly wide (wider than an

Ikon) and tall, with a long wheelbase, and pushes the wheels and roof pillars outwards to
increase space. It has cleaner

styling

than most Hyundais, and many

styling cues seem to have been taken from European cars, such as the C-pillar, which
resembles the Volkswagen Golf, and the tail-lamp, which resembles that of the Italianstyled Daewoo Matiz.

37

European safety norms

The Getz has been engineered to meet most

and popular requirements, which means a safe, sturdy chassis and a conventional layout
with a transverse engine driving the front wheels. The suspension is conventional
independent MacPherson struts in front, and a semi-independent torsion bar at the rear;
the car's ride height has been raised by 15mm for India, to improve ground clearance,
getting stiffer in the process. ABS and alloys are available as an option, but sadly, airbags
or other safety equipment are not on offer. The interior is the best bit about the Getz it is
larger than that of most C-segment sedans. There is ample space for five people, with
everyone having plenty of leg-, shoulder- and headroom. Getting in and out is easy, and
you sit tall on comfortable, supportive seats. Visibility is good, except for the thick C-pillar;
in the city.

the large, chunky mirrors help greatly

The cabin is also flexible and practical, with many cleverly designed cubby holes. The rear
seats can recline at three different angles, and will split-fold and tumble to increase luggage
European flavour, with subtle, square

space. The cabin has a distinctly

styling; however, the plastics look quite downmarket, and reflect


sunlight badly. There are some nice design cues like the Accent-sourced steering wheel,
which adjusts for height, and the bottle-cap-shaped gear knob. The boot is a good size
bigger than in most

hatches; it isn't as large as a sedan's, but tumbling

the seats forward increases it dramatically.

38

The Getz currently has only a 1.3 engine, a scaled-down version of the Accent's motor, with
82.9bhp on tap. The engine is not an exciting performer, but it is more than adequately peppy,
and very flexible, especially in town. The gearbox is light and precise, and the gear ratios
well spaced, making for a very relaxing ride around town.
Gobs of low-down torque mean third gear is possible at 20kph and fourth at 30, which means
you can stick it in a high gear all day. However, the engine is not as responsive as an Ikon's
1.3 ROCAM, and can be a tad frustrating on the highway, where you need to downshift to
overtake. To compensate, it's quite refined, getting hoarse only at the top of the rev-band, and
manages 0-60 in 5.61sec and 0-100 in 14.47sec, which is not bad at all.
Fuel economy is very good, considering the car's size and weight, especially
in the city, where it manages 10.4kpl. However, the short gearing means
it

isn't

as

good

on

the

highway,

squeezing

out

14.5kpl.

The Getz' surefooted chassis makes it very stable at high speeds, and though it's no sports
car, it is a tidy handler. The steering is not as light as in other

hatches in

the city, and is slightly numb off-centre, but apart from that the car's composure is
impressive. The raised-for-India ride is somewhat stiff at low speeds, and doesn't quite have
the magic-carpet effect of a Corsa's, but it doesn't get ruffled on bad patches, and the stiffness
dies out as you go faster. The brakes are powerful, but are quite trigger-happy, and are prone
to locking up in emergency situations. Fortunately, the ABS option will negate this tendency.

39

The Getz fulfils its purpose of being a talented, practical and highly comfortable family car,
hatches and even to C-

providing a genuine alternative to smaller

segment sedans, which it betters in many areas. It makes particular sense


in the city, where it is very driveable and frugal. It isnt cheap at a starting price of
Rs 4.7 lakh, but it is good value for what you get. Hyundai also promises
efficient, cheap and ever-available service, which is a big boost to the cars overall
practicality. Its difficult to talk about either resale value or discounts, which wont be
available for a few months at least. Still, theres the fact that most Hyundais hold their value
well. Spares prices are traditionally low, and will stay that way, since many of the Getz
components are shared with existing Hyundais. Equipment levels are high, and the car is
better value than it seems, if you can get over the lack of a boot.

Design and Engineering


Even if the Swift had no engine and you had to drive it Flintstones-style, people would have
bought it and that's because of its looks. It looks awesome, with outrageous 1.5-box proportions
and design elements, from its vertically stacked and wrapped head- and tail-lamps, its ridiculously
high waist and nearly vertical nose, and the fighter jet-style glasshouse.

40

It squats with wide shoulders and hips, a really in-yer-face stance, and it looks like a concept car
that's sneaked out onto the road not something you expect in your local showroom. It's not
terribly original give it a white roof and you could call it a Mini but people love it.
But tear your eyes away from the Swift and you'll realize the Getz looks quite sweet as well. It's
smoothly understated, its proportions nearly perfect, its stance appealing, and if you're following a
Getz, the view of its sculpted bum is quite pleasant. It doesn't grab your collar like the Swift does,
but there's no way you could call it a bad looker frankly, it's a subjective thing. These two are
virtually brothers under the skin, modern designs with good safety levels and identical suspension
setups: MacPherson struts up front and semi-independent torsion beam at the rear. The Getz is the
longer, with an appreciably longer wheelbase, but the Swift is slightly wider. The ZXi version of
the Swift has good equipment including standard ABS and twin airbags, both missing from the
Getz. Its build quality is more patchy than the Getz's though, and panel gaps are often uneven.
The Swift ZXi has bigger wheels: 185/70-R14s as compared to the Getz's 175/70-R13s. These lowprofile tyres look great and are better for high-speed driving, but the higher-profile 165/80-R14
tyres on the lower versions will make for a softer ride in the city.

INTERIORS

The Swift tops on perceived quality: its plastics, steering wheel, fabrics, controls and instruments
look and feel considerably richer than the Hyundai's, but it can't match the Getz's comfort and
space. It's a more driver-centric interior, and has a whisker more headroom, but width and legroom
are considerably less, though front-seat travel is greater.
The seats are not particularly well-shaped or sensibly padded either (they're squashy and
unsupportive); however, the front seats are generously wide and have good side bolstering. The
adjustable rear headrests are better than the Getz's fixed ones, but the seat-back angle doesn't
adjust like the Getz's, and the rear seat just doesn't deliver the awesome comfort of the Getz.

41

Another problem is that the Swift's designers, in their quest for style, have compromised
practicality, and the very high waistline makes for a dark and somewhat claustrophobic cabin. This
isn't helped by the black upholstery, black plastics, the fat C-pillar, and the fact that the glass area
converges to a slim strip at the rear. The dashboard cowl is high, which gives it a substantial, bigcar feel, but also makes you feel hemmed-in. Getting out of the rear seat can also be a problem in
the Swift: your feet foul with the front seat and the high door sills, and though the door swings
wide,

the

aperture

is

quite

narrow.

The Getz's shiny plastics and slightly cheapo upholstery don't create a great first impression, but
after a while you begin to appreciate its airiness, the large glass area, and the immense space, both
front and rear. The square European style is quite appealing and the layout clear, the high-set front
seats are well-shaped and supportive, and the rear seat, though a touch low, is extremely
comfortable.
Plus, there are lots of user-friendly touches, like a hook for plastic bags, big cubbyholes and
storage shelves, and a wide, flat dashboard top, which makes a great storage tray, unlike the
Swifts smooth, sloping one. It also has lighter upholstery all round and lighter plastics, with the
silvered centre console adding to the airy feel.
The Swift's equipment list is important, and ranges from the bare-bones LXi (power steering and
air-con only) to the fully-loaded ZXi. The mid-range VXi has the most sensible options list but
even this car doesn't have a parcel shelf!
Both air-cons are good, but the Swift ZXi's electronic climate control gives you better control of
cooling. The Swift's driving position is slightly superior, and the driver's seat adjusts more finely
(as well as for height), but the Getz's steering-wheel adjustment is useful enough. Why couldn't we
have both in both cars? Visibility is an issue in both cars: the Getz's fat, slanting A-pillar was
designed by Dr Evil, as was the Swift's awkward C-pillar and Band-Aid-sized rear windscreen.
The Swift's boot is a big disadvantage: it's tiny and narrow, with suspension intrusions, and a
narrow parcel shelf. At best you can squeeze in one large soft bag no chance of it taking the
entire family's luggage. The Getz's boot is not saloon-sized, but it's large for a hatch, easy to load
and well shaped. And its rear seat splits, folds and tumbles, while the Swift's one-piece seat only
folds down. Overall, the Getz moves ahead here.

42

MARUTI SWIFT v HYUNDAI GETZ - On the Road

One thing first: both cars are a quantum leap ahead of any of the smaller hatches in the
dynamic stakes, and match most of the mid-sizers in many departments. That said, they
have considerably different personalities.
The Swift is the sporty one: with its short wheelbase, wide, lower-profile tyres (on the ZXi)
and stiff springs, it feels the more taut of the two, and a bit edgier. It's a bit fidgety,
especially on a broken road, but feels more eager to dive into a corner, with considerably
more grip. It also feels quite planted and flat going into a curve, the stiff suspension giving
it good body control, but it's nervous: show it a bump or brake hard mid-corner and it gets
tail-happy.
The Indian Swift has a few special bits: one, the suspension has been developed specially
to tackle our speedbreakers, which gives it a slightly raised look. Two, it has unique tyres,
JK Vectras, which are quiet and grippy, but appear to be made of a relatively soft rubber
compound, so itll be interesting to check their long-term wear.

43

The Getz is the subtler, more relaxed drive, needing less correction as you go along, and
generally feels effortless to pilot, with its light steering and pedals. It also has a particularly
slick gearshift the Swift's, though sporty, with a short throw, is a bit knobbly in
comparison which adds to the easy-rider feel. It's not as grippy into corners as the Swift
though, and understeers a fair bit, but it's the more predictable of the two. One problem is
that the brakes can be very sharp and lock easily, while the Swift's are more progressive
and confidence-inspiring.
The Swift's biggest problem is its steering: it's quite slack around the straight-ahead
position, and you really have to yank it to point the car into a curve. One of the culprits here
is the electric power steering (EPS), which isn't as precise or feel some as the hydraulic
system on the Getz; this has been a bugbear of quite a few Marutis, and even though it has
been improved considerably.
By contrast, the Getz's steering is more direct and communicative, and is usefully light at
city speeds, weighing up on the highway, unlike the Swift's, which is over-light on the
Expressway. The Swift's other problem is that it has fairly stiff damping, which gives it
good body control, letting it take rough roads without pitching (unlike the softer- sprung
Getz), but also makes for a choppy ride, especially at the rear this is aggravated by the
truncated wheelbase.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

ENGINE
MARUTI SWIFT
Layout

4-cylinder,

HYUNDAI GETZ
1298cc,4-cylinder,

1341cc,

naturally aspirated petrol

naturally aspirated petrol

Max power

87.5bhp at 6000rpm

82.9bhp at 5500rpm

Max torque

11.52kgm at 4500rpm

11.8kgm at 3200rpm

44

Specific output

67.41bhp per litre

61.81bhp per litre

Power to weight

86.63bhp per tonne

76.95bhp per tonne

Torque to weight

11.45kgm per tonne

11.23kgm per tonne

Installation

Front, transverse, front-wheelFront,

Construction

transverse,

front-

drive

wheel drive

All aluminium

Alloy head and cast iron


block

Bore/stroke

74.0/75.5 mm

71.5/83.5 mm

Valve gear

4 per cylinder, SOHC

3 per cylinder, SOHC

Compression ratio

9.0:1

10.1:1

Ignition and fuel

Spark ignition and multi-pointSpark ignition and multipetrol injection

point petrol injection

GEARBOX
Type: 5-speed manual

Type: 5-speed automatic

Gear

Ratios/kph per 1000rpm

Ratios/kph per 1000rpm

1st

3.54/7.73

3.61/6.58

2nd

1.90/14.39

1.95/12.20

3rd

1.28/21.41

1.37/17.37

4th

0.96/28.37

1.06/22.45

5th

0.75/36.2

0.82/29.02

Final drive

4.105:1

4.056:1

STEERING
Power assisted rack
45

andPower

assisted

rack

and

Turns lock to lock

3.15

3.0

SUSPENSION
Front

MacPherson strut with andIndependent

MacPherson struts, torsion

coil spring

beam axle
Rear

with

Torsion bean and coil spring Gas-filled dampers

MAXIMUM SPEEDS (kph/rpm)

5th

169/4700

165/5680*

4th

174/6100

150/6700

3rd

146/6800

118/6800

2nd

97/6800

83/6800

1st

54/6900

45/6800

ACCELERATION FROM REST(sec)

Speed kph
0-20

1.21

1.18

0-30

2.08

1.79

0-40

2.96

2.82

0-50

3.88

4.11

46

0-60

5.22

5.61

0-70

6.71

7.31

0-80

8.31

9.14

0-90

9.98

11.57

0-100

12.29

14.47

0-110

15.10

17.81

0-120

18.12

22.33

0-130

21.56

28.70

0-140

26.05

0-150

33.71

ACCELERATION THROUGH GEARS (secs)


kph

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

20-40

3.3

5.6

3.7

5.3

8.4

40-60

3.1

5.2

7.3

10.2

3.2

5.0

7.1

10.4

60-80

3.2

5.0

7.2

10.5

3.6

4.8

6.8

10.9

80-100

5.5

7.3

11.4

14.4

5.4

7.2

12.0

Fuel Economy
City (kpl)

11.5

10.4

Highway (kpl)

16.2

14.5

Wheel size

14J x 5.5-inch

6.0J x 15-inch

Made of

Alloy

Steel

Tyres

185/70 R14 tubeless

195/65 R15 radial

WHEELS & TYRES

BRAKES

47

Front

211mm Ventilated discs

Ventilated discs

Rear

200mm drums

Drums

ABS

Standard with EBD (only in


ZXi)

Optional with GLS variant

RATING

SWIFT

GETZ

Looks & Styling


Engine & performance
Gearbox
Comfort
Driver Appeal
Build, quality & finish
Fuel efficiency
Interiors
Ownership experience

48

DIMENSIONS

MARUTI SWIFT

HYUNDAI GETZ

49

CHAPTER-3
Research Methodology

50

Research as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. In
fact, research is an art of scientific investigation. The meaning of research as a careful
investigation or inquiry specially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge.
Some define research as a systematized effort to gain new knowledge.Some people
consider research as a movement, a movement from the known to the unknown. We all
possess the vital instinct of inquisitiveness for, when the unknown confronts us, we wonder
and our inquisitiveness makes us probe and attain full and fuller understanding of the
unknown. Research is an academic activity and as such the term should be used in a technical
sense. According to Clifford Woody research comprises defining and redefining problems,
formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions; collecting, organising and evaluating data;
making deductions and reaching conclusions. Research is, thus, an original contribution to
the existing stock of knowledge making for its advancement.

TYPES OF RESEARCH
The basic types of research are as follows:
(i) Descriptive vs. Analytical: Descriptive research includes surveys and fact-finding
enquiries of different kinds. The major purpose of descriptive research is description of the
state of affairs as it exists at present. . The main characteristic of this method is that the
researcher has no control over the variables; he can only report what has happened or what is
happening. for example, frequency of shopping, preferences of people, or similar data.
(ii) Applied vs. Fundamental: Research can either be applied (or action) research or
fundamental (to basic or pure) research. Applied research aims at finding a solution for an
immediate problem facing a society or an industrial/business organisation, whereas

51

fundamental research is mainly concerned with generalisations and with the formulation of a
theory.
(iii) Quantitative vs. Qualitative: Quantitative research is based on the measurement of
quantity or amount. It is applicable to phenomena that can be expressed in terms of quantity.
Qualitative research, on the other hand, is concerned with qualitative phenomenon, i.e.,
phenomena relating to or involving quality or kind. This type of research aims at discovering
the underlying motives and desires, using in depth interviews for the purpose. Other
techniques of such research are word association tests, sentence completion tests, story
completion tests and similar other projective techniques.
(iv) Attitude or opinion research i.e., research designed to find out how people feel or what
they think about a particular subject or institution is also qualitative research. Qualitative
research is specially important in the behavioural sciences where the aim is to discover the
underlying motives of human behaviour. Through such research we can analyse the various
factors which motivate people to behave in a particular manner or which make people like or
dislike a particular thing.

RESEARCH DESIGN
RESEARCH PLAN

In this research data is collected from both primary and secondary data. It is

descriptive research .
Primary Data- Primary Data was collected through structured questionnaire from the

customers owning Getz and Maruti Swift.


Secondary Data- Secondary Data was collected through internet, magazines, journals,
newspaper.

RESEARCH APPROACH

Survey research has been adopted to know the awareness, reason of purchase and
brand preference from the owner of Maruti Swift and Hyundai Getz.

52

RESEARCH TOOL

Structured Questionnaire was made, which included all the features of a car.

SAMPLING PLAN

SAMPLING UNIT- Owners of Maruti Swift and Hyundai Getz.


SAMPLING TECHNIQUE- Stratified convenient sampling is used to collect the data

from the respondents.


SAMPLE SIZE- Total surveyed 100 respondents. (58 Swift owners and 42 Getz

owner)
SAMPLING AREA- Dwarka .
CONTACT METHOD- Respondents were personally interviewed using structured
questionnaire through personal visit in different intervals of time.

53

CHAPTER-IV
Data Analysis & Interpretation

54

ANALYSIS 1- Are you using a car?

Cumulative
Valid Yes

Frequency Percent

Valid Percent Percent

100

100.0

100.0

100.0

55

ANALYSIS 1 : we analysed that 100% of our respondent use car.

ANALYSIS 2- Which car are you using?

56

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

maruti swift

58

58.0

58.0

58.0

hyundai getz

42

42.0

42.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis: we analysed that 58% of our respondent are using maruti swift car and 42% use
getz. so we can conclude that maximum respondent use maruti swift car

ANALYSIS 3- Security issues in the car.

57

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

18

18.0

18.0

18.0

partially imp

14

14.0

14.0

32.0

Imp

32

32.0

32.0

64.0

most imp

36

36.0

36.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 18% of our respondent said that security is not important, 14% of
our respondent said that security is partially important, 32% of our respondent said that
security is important and 36% of our correspondent said that security is very important. So
we can conclude that most of the respondent feels that security is important.

ANALYSIS 4- Luxury issues in the car.

58

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

22

22.0

22.0

22.0

partially imp

26

26.0

26.0

48.0

Imp

32

32.0

32.0

80.0

very imp

20

20.0

20.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

59

Analysis- we analysed that 22% of our respondent said that luxury is not important, 26% of
our respondent said that luxury is partially important, 32% of our respondent said that luxury
is important and 20% of our respondent said that luxury is very important. So we can
conclude that most of the respondent feels that luxury is important

ANALYSIS 5- Pollution issues in the car.

60

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

16

16.0

16.0

16.0

partially imp

36

36.0

36.0

52.0

Imp

34

34.0

34.0

86.0

very imp

14

14.0

14.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 16% of our respondent said that pollution is not important, 36% of
our respondent said that pollution is partially important, 34% of our respondent said that
pollution is important and 14% of our respondent said that pollution is very important.

ANALYSIS -6 Value for money of a car.

61

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

18

18.0

18.0

18.0

partially imp

14

14.0

14.0

32.0

Imp

32

32.0

32.0

64.0

very imp

36

36.0

36.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that

18% of our respondent said that value for money is not

important, 14% of our respondent said that value for money is partially important, 32% of
our respondent said that value for money is important and 36% of our respondent said that
value for money is very important. So we can conclude that most of the respondent feel that
value for money is important.

ANALYSIS 7- Price issues in the car.

62

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

16

16.0

16.0

16.0

partially imp

20

20.0

20.0

36.0

Imp

44

44.0

44.0

80.0

very imp

20

20.0

20.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 16% of our respondent said that price is not important, 20% of our
respondent said that price is partially important, 44% of our respondent said that price is
important and 20% of our respondent said that price is very important. So we can conclude
that most of the respondent feels that price issue is important.

ANALYSIS 8- Brand image of a car.

63

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

22

22.0

22.0

22.0

partially imp

26

26.0

26.0

48.0

Imp

32

32.0

32.0

80.0

very imp

20

20.0

20.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 22% of our respondent said that brand image is not important,
26% of our respondent said that brand image is partially important, 32% of our respondent
said that brand image is important and 20% of our respondent said that brand image are very
important. So we can conclude that m0st of the respondent feel that brand image issue is
important.

ANALYSIS 9- After sales service

64

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

not imp

10

10.0

10.0

10.0

partially imp

22

22.0

22.0

32.0

Imp

50

50.0

50.0

82.0

very imp

18

18.0

18.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 10% of our respondent said that after sales service issue are not
important, 22% of our respondent said that after sales service issue are partially important,
50% of our respondent said that after sales service issue are important and 18% of our
respondent said that after sales service issue are very important. So we can conclude that
m0st of the respondent feel that after sales service issue is important

ANALYSIS 10- Reliability of a car

65

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

12

12.0

12.0

12.0

partially imp

28

28.0

28.0

40.0

Imp

40

40.0

40.0

80.0

very imp

20

20.0

20.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 12% of our respondent said that reliability issue are not important,
28% of our respondent said that reliability issue are partially important, 40% of our
respondent said that reliability issue are important and 20% of our respondent said that
reliability issue are very important. So we can conclude that most of the respondent feel that
reliability issue is important.

66

ANALYSIS 11- Top Speed

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

not imp

22

22.0

22.0

22.0

partially imp

26

26.0

26.0

48.0

Imp

32

32.0

32.0

80.0

very imp

20

20.0

20.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 22% of our respondent said that speed is not important, 26% of
our respondent said that speed is partially important, 32% of our respondent said that speed
are important and 20% of our respondent said that speed are very important. So we can
conclude that m0st of the respondent feel that speed issue is important.

ANALYSIS 12- Mileage of a car.

67

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

10

10.0

10.0

10.0

partially imp

22

22.0

22.0

32.0

Imp

50

50.0

50.0

82.0

very imp

18

18.0

18.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 10% of our respondent said that mileage is not important, 22% of
our respondent said that mileage is partially important, 50% of our respondent said that
mileage is important and 18% of our respondent said that mileage is very important. so we
can conclude that m0st of the respondent feel that mileage is important.

ANALYSIS 13- Engine Power

68

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

22

22.0

22.0

22.0

partially imp

26

26.0

26.0

48.0

Imp

32

32.0

32.0

80.0

not imp

20

20.0

20.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 22% of our respondent said that engine power is not important,
26% of our respondent said that engine power is partially important, 32% of our respondent
said that engine power is important and 20% of our respondent said that engine power is very
important. So we can conclude that most of the respondent feels that engine power is
important.

ANALYSIS 14- Resale Value

69

Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

not imp

10

10.0

10.0

10.0

partially imp

16

16.0

16.0

26.0

Imp

52

52.0

52.0

78.0

not imp

22

22.0

22.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 10% of our respondent said that resale value are not important,
16% of our respondent said that resale value are partially important,52% of our respondent
said that resale value is important and 22% of our respondent said that resale value are very
important.

ANALYSIS 15- Type of complain

70

type of complain
Cumulative
Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

minor

78

78.0

78.0

78.0

major

22

22.0

22.0

100.0

Total

100

100.0

100.0

Analysis- we analysed that 78% of our respondent said that type of complain is minor, 22%
of our respondent said that type of complain are major. so we can conclude that m0st of the
respondent encounter minor problem.

71

CHAPTER-V
FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

FINDINGS

72

1. It was found that customer of Maruti Swift prefer same car for repeated needs. On
the other hand customers of Hyundai Getz go for other car for repeated needs.
2. The analysis shows that Maruti Swift customer were more satisfied with the features
of the car than those using Hyundai Getz.
3. The study shows that Maruti Swift customers were more satisfied with the
performance of the car than those using Hyundai Getz.
4. The study explains that Maruti Swift customers were more satisfied with the after
sales service of the car than those using Hyundai Getz.
5. The analysis depict that Maruti Swift customers were more satisfied with the luxury
of the car than those using Hyundai Getz.
6. It shows that Maruti Swift customers were more satisfied with the comfort of the car
than those using Hyundai Getz.
7. It was found that Hyundai Getz customers were more satisfied with the boot space of
the car than those using Maruti Swift.
8. The analysis shows that Maruti Swift customers were happy with the availability of
the service stations which are present in almost every part of the country whereas
case was not same with the Hyundai Getz customers.
9. According to the analysis Maruti Swift customers were more satisfied with the
mileage of the car than those using Hyundai Getz.
10. According to the analysis Maruti Swift customers were more satisfied with the
safety feature of the car than those using Hyundai Getz.

CONCLUSION

1. Maruti being the market leader in India is cashing its goodwill in terms of good brand
recall, trust on brand, brand value and customer satisfaction.
2. Maruti has much better after sales service and when it comes to comparison customers
often look for it as it is serving its customers well and to the fullest.

73

3. While selecting a car between swift and getz customers do not go for price, fuel efficiency
kind of things but look services, interiors, maintenance, after sales services and of course
performance of the car.
4. Televisions and recommendations by friends and families affect the purchase decision of a
customer when selecting a car between the two.
5. Hyundai Getz has much more leg space than Maruti swift as its just being criticised on is
factor.
6. People are more bent towards swift due to its looks and muscular kind of body with good
colours.
7. Most of the respondents are satisfied with their purchase be it swift or getz.
8. Analysis was done on the basis of Features, after sales service, boot space and comfort of
the car in which Swift customers were more satisfied with the features, after sales services
and mileage of the car.Getz customers were more satisfied with the boot space and comfort of
the car.

74

Chapter -VI
RECOMMENDATIONS

1. Maruti Swift & Hyundai Getz are more or less same on performance, features and fuel
efficiency so they must work out with their marketing strategy and after sales services.
2. Hyundai must be compete with the marutis service stations so it must built in their own USP
in terms of service or extra service in terms of looks or performance which can help Hyundai
to beat the maruti over this exclusive service they are providing from years.
3. Maruti swift must enhance their leg space for the back seaters as there is much less space
over there and seaters do not feel very comfortable while travelling.

75

4. Hyundai getz with more down siding seats gives a uncomfortable drive even to the taller
drivers as the visibility gets disturbed while driving because of downwards seats so getz give
new seats with much higher base so that driver can enjoy the better drive of the car.
5. Maruti swift suffers from the lower visibility as its beam being much broader and hence
gives a lesser clarity while cutting the car over different periods and roads, back side
visibility is also not very clear in swift and so maruti must give some attention to these points
to be in the better position than getz.

76

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Reference books
Koontz O Donnel, Essential of Management Concept, 5 th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Company Ltd.
Philip Kotlar, Marketing Management, 4th Edition, Taxmann Publishing (P) Ltd.
Ramaswamy Namakumari, Marketing Management, Galgotia Publishing Company

77

C R Kothari, Research Methodology


Websites
MarutiIndiaMotors.co.in
Maruti/india/passion html
Magazines
Auto India
Auto Expo
Business India
Business Today
Newspapers
The Times of India
Hindustan Times
Economic Times

78

ANNEXURE

QUESTIONNAIRE

QUE1. Are you using a car?


a) Yes

b) No

QUE2.Which are the brands you are aware of?

79

a)...............................

b).......................................

c)...............................

d).......................................

QUE3.Which car you are using?


a)Maruti swift

b) Hyundai getz

QUE4.What is your average daily travel per day?


a)<20km

b)20-40km

c)40-60km

d)> 60km

QUE5.How many cars do you own?


...............................................................................
QUE6.What are the factors that influence you while using a car?
VERY

IMPORTANT

IMPORTANT

PARTIALLY

NOT

IMPORTANT

IMPORTANT

PARTIALLY

NOT

IMPORTANT

IMPORTANT

Security issue
Luxury issue
Pollution issue
Value for money
QUE7. What do you consider while buying a car?
VERY

IMPORTANT

IMPORTANT
Price
Brand image
After
sales
service
Reliability

QUE8.How far these things influence you while buying a car?


VERY

IMPORTANT

IMPORTANT
Colours
available
Top speed

80

PARTIALLY

NOT

IMPORTANT

IMPORTANT

Mileage
Engine power
Pick-up
Resale value
Fair price

QUE9.How far is these additional features important to you in a car?


VERY

IMPORTANT

IMPORTANT

PARTIALLY

NOT

IMPORTANT

IMPORTANT

Power
window
Power steering
Air bags
Lighter
Auto
transmission
Central
locking
Alloy Wheels

QUE10.Which car you will prefer for your repeat needs?


a)Same

b)other (Please specify)

QUE11.Please rate your satisfaction level in the car you are using on scale of (1 and
2)1=completely satisfied
1

2=not satisfied
2

Features
Performance
After

sales

service
Luxury
Safety
Value for money

81

Comfort
Service stations
Mileage
Boot space
QUES12. Type of complaint
a) minor

b) major

QUES13.How often do you find complaints in the car you are using?
a) Regular

b) not so often

QUES14.Any suggestions for improvement that you would like to have in your car.
ANS:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CUSTOMERS PROFILE:
NAME: --------------------------------------------------------------------AGE: a) 25-35

b) 36-45

c) 46-55

d) 55

Income of correspondent:
a)<5 lakh

b)5-7 lakh

c)7-10 lakh

d)>10 lakh

OCCUPATION:
a) Student

b) Private Job

c) Government job

d) self employed

82

83

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