Tutorial No.

-1
Q. 1

What is impulse momentum principle and derive its expression?

Q. 2. Derive an expression for work done and efficiency when jet impingement on a
moving inclined plate and hinged plate.
Q. 3

Derive an expression for work done and efficiency when jet striking tangentially
at the tip of moving vanes.

Q. 4

Explain Jet propulsion of ship.

Q. 5

Explain the following terms:

(a) Free jet
(b) Function of nozzle
(c) Impulse force

Tutorial No.-2
Q. 1

A 10 cm dia. Jet having a velocity of 45 m/s strikes a flat plate, the normal of
which is inclined at 40 to the axis of the jet. Find the normal force exerted on the
plate. (i). When plate is stationary, (ii) when the plate is moving with a velocity of
25 m/s in the direction of jet. Also calculate the power and efficiency of system
when the plate is moving.

Q. 2

A jet of 5 cm in diameter having a velocity of 35 m/s strikes tangentially at one

edge on a wheel which deflect the jet through an angle of 118. Calculate the
thrust on the vane when (a) the axis of symmetry of the vane is horizontal (b) the
tangent at inlet tip is horizontal.

Q.3

A jet of water having a velocity of 40 m/s impinges without shock on a series of

vanes moving at 20 m/s. The direction of motion of the vanes is inclined at 20 to
that of the jet, the relative velocity at outlet is 0.9 of that at inlet, and the absolute
velocity of the water at exit is to be normal to the motion of vanes, find (i) vane
angle at entrance and exit:
(ii) Work done on vanes per Kg of water supplied by the jet : and (iii) hydraulic
efficiency.

Q. 4

A stationary vane having an inlet angle of zero degree and an outlet angle
25receives water at a velocity of 50 m/s. Determine the components of force
acting on it in the direction of jet velocity and normal to it. Also find the resultant
force in magnitude and direction. Assume water flow equivalent to 1 Kg/s.

Q. 5.

A small ship is fitted with jets of total area 0.65 m 2. The velocity through the jet is
9 m/s and speed of the ship is 18 Km per hour in sea water. The efficiencies of the
engine and pump are 85 % and 65 % respectively. If the water is take amid-ship,
determine the propelling force and the overall efficiency. It may be assumed that
pipe losses amount to 10 % of the Kinetic energy of the jets

Tutorial No.-3
Q. 1

Define turbine and explain its classification.

Q. 3.

Explain the components parts, construction and operation of Pelton turbine

Q. 2.

Explain the governing of impulse turbine.

Q. 4.

Derive the expression for work done and efficiency of Pelton wheel.

Q. 5.

Write the design aspects of Pelton turbine

Q. 6

Explain the following terms:

(a) Gross Head and Net Head
(b) Water Power
(c) Volumetric efficiency
(d) Hydraulic efficiency
(e) Mechanical Efficiency

Q. 7.

Explain the performance characteristics of Pelton Turbine

Tutorial No.-4
Q. 1

A Pelton wheel turbine has a mean bucket speed of 12 m/s with a jet of water
flowing at the rates of 900 Lt/s under a head of 40 m. The bucket deflects the jet
at an angle of 165. Calculate the power given by the water to the runner and the
hydraulic efficiency of the turbine. Assume coefficient of velocity to be 0.96.

Q.2

A Pelton wheel turbine produces 20MW while running at 700rpm under an

effective head of 1700 m calculate:
1)Least diameter of the jet
2)Mean diameter of the runner
3)no. of buckets

Q. 3

A Pelton wheel is to be designed for the following specifications:

(a) Shaft power = 12000 kw
(b) Head of water = 400 m
(c) Speed = 800 rpm
(d) Overall efficiency = 90 %
(e) Jet diameter not to exceed one- sixth of the wheel diameter
Determine the following:
1) The diameter of the wheel
2) The no. of jets required
3) Diameter of the jet

Q. 4

A double jet pelton wheel has a specific speed of 16 and is required to deliver
1200

kW. The turbine is supplied through a pipe line from a reservoir whose

level is 380 m above the nozzle. Allowing 8 % for friction loss in the pipe,
calculate the following
(a) Speed in rpm
(b) Diameter of the jet
(c) Mean diameter of bucket circle

Q. 5

A Pelton wheel of 1.2 m mean bucket diameter works under a head of 650 m. The
jet deflection is 165 and its relative velocity is reduced over the bucket by 15 %
due to friction. If the water is to leave the bucket without any whirl, determine; (a)
rotational speed of the wheel, (b) ratio of bucket speed to jet velocity, (c)
impulsive force and the power developed by the wheel. (d) Available power and
the power input to buckets, and (e) efficiency of the wheel with power input to
buckets as reference input. Take Cv = 0.97

Tutorial No.-5
Q. 1

Explain the components parts, construction and operation of Francis Turbine.

Q.2

Derive the expression for work done and efficiency of Francis Turbine.

Q.3

Write the design aspects of Francis Turbine.

Q.4

Write down the difference between inward flow and outward flow reaction
turbine

Q.5

Explain the components parts, construction and operation of Kaplan Turbine

Q.6

What is Draft tube and write its function? Explain its various forms.

Q.7

Explain unit quantities and specific quantities. What is the significance of it?

Q.8

Explain the performance characteristics of Kaplan and Francis Turbine.

Tutorial No.-6
Q.1

An inward flow reaction turbine has an external diameter and an internal diameter
of 1 m and 0.5 m, respectively. The hydraulic efficiency of the turbine is 85%
when the head on the turbine is 30 m. the velocity of flow at outlet is 2.0 m/s and
the discharge at outlet is radial. If the vane angle at outlet is 15 and the width of
the wheel is 200 mm at inlet and outlet, determine
(a) the guide blade angle (b) speed of the turbine (c) vane angle of the turbine at
inlet (d) discharge of the turbine (e) power developed

Q.2

An outward flow reaction turbine has inner and outer diameter of the wheel as 1m
and 2 m respectively. The water enters the vane at an angle of 20 and leaves
radially. If the velocity of flow remains constant as 10 m/s and the speed of the
wheel be 300 rpm, find the vane angle at inlet and outlet.

Q.3

An inward mixed flow reaction turbine develops 2800 kW at an overall efficiency

of 85% under a head of 30 m. The peripheral velocity of the wheel is 0.952gH
and the velocity of flow is 0.32gH. If the speed of the runner is 300 rpm and
hydraulic efficiency is 90%, calculate the following
(a) guide blade angle (b) inlet angle of wheel (c) inlet and outlet diameter of the
wheel.

Q.4

A Kaplan turbine runner is to be designed to develop 9000kW. The net available

head is 5.5m. Assume a speed ratio 2, flow ratio 0.65, and total efficiency 85%.
The diameter of the boss is 1/3 the diameter of the runner. Find the diameter of
the runner, its speed, and the specific speed of the turbine.

Q.5

A francis turbine runner is to be designed for the following data:

1.) Net Head H = 50m
2) Shaft power = 400kW
3) Speed N = 450 rpm
4) Hydraulic efficiency = 85%
5) Overall efficiency = 80%
6) Flow ratio + 0.15
7) Breadth and diameter ration = 0.1
Assume the inner diameter as one half the outer diameters. The velocity of flow is
constant throughout. The discharge is radial. Neglect vane thickness.

Q.6

A propeller turbine runner has an outer diameter of 4.0 m and an inner diameter of
2.0 m and develops 10000 kW when running at 200 rpm under a head of 20 m.
The hydraulic efficiency is 95 % and overall efficiency is 85 %. Find the
discharge through the turbine and the guide angle at inlet.

Tutorial No.-7
Q.1

What is pump and classify the pump

Q.2

Explain the Construction and working of centrifugal pump

Q.3

Derive the expression for work done on impeller and efficiency of a Centrifugal
pump.

Q.4

Derive the expression for minimum starting speed of centrifugal pump.

Q.5

Explain the design aspects of centrifugal pump.

Q.6

Explain performance characteristics of Centrifugal pump.

Q.7

Explain the following terms:

(a) NPSH (b) Scale effect (c) Specific speed (d) Thomas cavitations factor (e)
Max suction lift (f) Mechanical efficiency (g) Manometric efficiency (h) Overall
efficiency (i) Volumetric efficiency

Tutorial No.-8
Q.1

A centrifugal pump having an impeller diameter of 250 mm and 500 mm at inlet

and outlet respectively is running at 800 rpm. The vanes are set back at an angle
of 30 to the outer rim. If the velocity of flow through the impeller is constant at 2
m/s, find (a) vane angle at inlet (b) work done per kg mass of water on the wheel.

Q.2

A centrifugal pump having a wheel of 0.3 m outside diameter rotates at 900 rpm.
The vanes are radial at exit and are 0.075 m wide. The velocity of radial flow
through the wheel is 2.5 m/s. the velocities in suction and delivery pipes are 2.5
m/s, respectively. Neglecting friction losses, determine (a) the height through
which the pump lifts water and (b) the power required to drive the pump.

Q.3

A centrifugal pump discharges 5000Lt/min of water against a total head of 15 m

when running at 600 rpm. The outer diameter of the impeller is 500 mm and the
ration of outer to inner diameter is 2. The area of flow through the wheel is 500
cm2. The vanes are set back at an angle of 40. The water enters the wheel radially
and without shock. Calculate the manometric efficiency.

Q.4

The diameter of an impeller of a centrifugal pump at inlet and outlet are 20 cm

and 40 cm, respectively. Determine the minimum starting speed of the pump if it
works against a head of 25 m.

Q.5

The outer diameter of an impeller of a centrifugal pump is 300 mm and outlet

width 40 mm. The pump is running at 900 rpm and is working against a total head
of 12 m. The vanes are set back at an angle of 35 and manometric efficiency is
70%. Determine the following
(a) Velocity of flow at outlet (b) Velocity of water leaving the vane (c) Angle
made by the absolute velocity at outlet with the direction of motion at outlet (d)
Discharge

Tutorial No.-9
Q.1

Explain the constructional and operational details of Reciprocating pump.

Q.2

Explain the effect of acceleration on indicator diagram.

Q.3

Explain the effect of acceleration and friction on indicator diagram.

Q.4

What is air Vessel and explain its utility.

Q.5

Derive the expression for word done and efficiency of reciprocating pump.

Q.6

Derive the expression for maximum speed of the rotating crank of a reciprocating
pump.

Q.7

Explain the performance characteristics of a reciprocating pump.

Q.8

Explain the following terms:

(a) Slip (b) Negative slip (c) single acting and double acting reciprocating pump.

Tutorial No.-10
Q.1

A single acting reciprocating pump has the plunger diameter of 200 mm and
stroke of 300 mm. The pump discharges 0.6m3 of water per minute at 65 rpm.
Find the theoretical discharge, coefficient of discharge, and percentage slip of the
pump. If suction and delivery heads are 6 m and 18 m, respectively, find the work
out power required to run the pump.

Q.2

A double acting reciprocating pump delivering 22.3 Lt/s cumecs has the following
specification: piston diameter = 200 mm, piston rod diameter = 30 mm, stroke =
300 mm, speed = 60 rpm, suction head = 6 m and the delivery head = 18 m.
Estimate the force required to operate the pump during the outward and inward
stroke of the piston, the slip, and the power input.

Q.3

The cylinder bore diameter of a single acting reciprocating pump is 150 mm and
its stroke is 300 mm. The pump runs at 50 rpm and lifts water through a height of
25 m. The delivery pipe is 22 m long and 100 mm in diameter. Find the
theoretical discharge and the theoretical power required to run the pump. If the
actual discharge is 4.2 Lt/s, find the percentage slip. Also, determine the
acceleration head at the beginning and middle of the delivery stroke.

Q.4

A single acting reciprocating pump has a plunger of 0.06 m diameter and a stroke
length of 0.12 m. It takes its supply of water from a sump 3 m below the pump
through a pipe 4m long and 0.04 m in diameter. It delivers waters to a tank 10 m
above the pump through a pipe 0.025 m in diameter and 15 m long. If separation
occurs at 0.75 bars below the atmospheric pressure, find the maximum speed at
which pump may be operated without separation. Assuming that plunger has a
simple harmonic motion. Take specific weight of water = 9.81 kN/m3.

Q.5

A single acting reciprocating pump has a plunger diameter of 0.2 m and stroke of
0.3 m. The suction pipe is 0.1 m in diameter and 6 m long. The water surface in
the sump from which water is drawn is 3 m below the pump cylinder axis. If the
pump is working at 30 rpm, find the pressure head on the piston at the beginning,
middle, and end of the suction stroke. Take f= 0.01

Q.6

A single acting reciprocating pump has a diameter of 0.3 m and stroke 0.4 m. It
takes its supply of water from the sump 3 m below the pump axis through a pipe
10 m long and 0.2 m diameter. If the separation occurs at 2.5 m of water absolute,
find (i) speed at which separation may take place at the commencement of the
suction stroke and (ii) change in speed of the pump if an air vessel is fitted on the
suction side 2.5 above the sump water level. Assume f= 0.01 and barometric head
= 10.3 m of water.

Tutorial No.-11
Q.1

Explain with a neat sketch the working of hydraulic ram and its efficiency.

Q.2

Describe with the help of a neat sketch the working of a hydraulic accumulator.

Q.3

Describe working of a hydraulic lift.

Q.4

Describe working of a hydraulic torque converter

Q.5

Describe working of gear wheel pump.

Tutorial No.-12
Q.1

A hydraulic ram utilize water under a head of 2 m and delivers against an

effective head of 20 m. If the ratio of water raised to water wasted by the ram is
1:12, calculate the efficiency of the ram.

Q.2

The weight of a 300 mm plunger of an accumulator is 40kN. What additional

weight is to be placed upon it to develop a hydraulic pressure of 4000 kN/m2

Q.3

A hydraulic lift has a velocity ration of 8 and the diameter of the ram is 0.1 m. If
the liquid used has a pressure of 5000 kN/m 2 and the mechanical efficiency is
60%, find the loaded lifted. What is the stroke of ram if the total lift is 15m?

Q.4

Find the efficiency of a hydraulic crane, which is supplied with 200 Lt of water
under a pressure of 8000 N/m2 for lifting a weight of 100 kN through a height 10
m.

Q.5

The displacement volume of an accumulator is 5 Lt f water and diameter of its

plunger is 40 cm. Find the length of stroke required.