Other fields

Biology:
INFLUENCE OF THE NUMERICAL METHOD ON THE PREDICTED BONE DENSITY
DISTRIBUTION IN ELEMENT BASED SIMULATIONS
Most bone remodeling simulations developed upon the basis of the strain energy density theory
make use of Euler method for the numerical integration of density evolution equation. However,
it is well known the imprecision of this method. In this work is accomplished a comparison
between five numerical methods used for integration of the density evolution equation, namely
Euler, Heun, forth order Runge Kutta, second order Adams Bashford uncorrected and corrected
using Adams-Moulton. The comparison criteria are the computational time, convergence
behavior and final apparent density distribution
As we can see from the description, numerical computation helps scientist in predicting bone
density distribution in this case biology/science field.By using software such as MATLAB, the
process of doing hundreds and thousands of iteration becomes a lot more easier. The result of
the equation computed by computer was more trustworthy and reliable compared to human
computing.Multiple graph and diagram generated gives more added value for researcher.

Industrial engineering

OPTIMISATION AND CONSTRAINT BASED HEURISTIC METHODS FOR

ADVANCED PLANNING AND SCHEDULING SYSTEMS
Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRPII) systems are unable to prevent capacity problems
occurring on the shop floor because of the fixed lead time and backward scheduling logic. For
this reason, a new breed of concepts called APS (Advanced Planning and Scheduling) systems
emerged which include finite capacity planning at the shop floor level through constraint based
planning. In this paper, we present a Constraint Programming (CP) model to show how
optimization models could be used in this context. We also present a two phase heuristic to
solve this complicated APS problem. While jobs are assigned to the best eligible machines to
smooth the workload on the machines in the first phase, a constraint based scheduling heuristic
schedules jobs once they are assigned to eligible machines in the second phase. We provide
numerical tests and discuss the results for both the model and the heuristic. The concluding
remarks and suggestions for future research are stated in the final section of the paper.
The flowchart below gave the idea to the researcher to construct the desired algorithm and
making the project reality. This shows that numerical computation plays main role in nowadays
world. With the help of high-tech computer and the right choice of software, solution for
smoother machine job can be found.