Miar Report 2012 - Archaeology at Cambridge

Archaeology at Cambridge
20112012
McDonald Institute for

Archaeological Research
Contents
About us
Contacts
Introduction: the McDonald Institute and

Archaeology at Cambridge
Division of Archaeology
The Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
Cambridge Archaeological Unit
Faculty of Classics
Institute of Continuing Education
Members
Senior McDonald Fellows
McDonald Research Fellows
Visiting Scholars
Postgraduate Students
Master of Philosophy (MPhil) Degrees
Laboratories
Glyn Daniel Archaeogenetics

Dorothy Garrod Isotope
Charles McBurney Geoarchaeology
Grahame Clark Zooarchaeology
George Pitt-Rivers Bioarchaeology
Material Culture
Research Highlights
Russia
Europe
United Kingdom
Asia
India
North America
South America
Africa
Cultural Heritage
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Research Grants
45
Events and Outreach
47
Seminars and Conferences

Discussion Groups
Access Cambridge Archaeology
Prehistory Day and Science Day
Cambridge Heritage Seminars
Personal Histories Project
Archaeology and Wildlife Conservation
P I T O T I Exhibition
On Landguard Point
Publications
Cambridge Archaeological Journal

McDonald Institute Monographs
Archaeological Review from Cambridge
Members/Fellows Publications
Postgraduate Students Publications
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McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research

Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK
www.mcdonald.cam.ac.uk
Reception +44 (0)1223 333538

Graeme Barker (Director) gb314@cam.ac.uk
James Barrett (Deputy Director) jhb41@cam.ac.uk
Sara Harrop (PA to the Director) slh30@cam.ac.uk
Liz Farmar (PA to the Deputy Director) eaf22@cam.ac.uk
Dora Kemp (Publications Manager) dak12@cam.ac.uk
Katherine Boyle (Research Facilitator) kvb20@cam.ac.uk
Colin Lomas (Account Manager) ckl20@cam.ac.uk
Rebecca Burtenshaw (Receptionist) reception@arch.cam.ac.uk
Department of Archaeology and Anthropology

Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK
www.arch.cam.ac.uk
Reception +44 (0)1223 333538

Charles French (Head of Division) caif2@cam.ac.uk
Mark Newman (Division Administrator) mn342@cam.ac.uk
Becky Wieczorek (Graduate Administrator) rw485@cam.ac.uk
Natasha Martindale (Undergraduate Administrator)
ncm21@cam.ac.uk
Faculty of Classics
Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 9DA, UK

www.classics.cam.ac.uk
Reception +44 (0)1223 335151 or 335960

Martin Millett (Laurence Professor of Classical Archaeology)
mjm62@cam.ac.uk

Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK
www.maa.cam.ac.uk
Front desk +44 (0)1223 333516

Nicholas Thomas (Director) njt35@cam.ac.uk
Robin Boast (Curator for World Archaeology)
robin.boast@maa.cam.ac.uk
Christopher Chippindale (Curator for British Archaeology and
Reader in Archaeology) cc43@cam.ac.uk
Wendy Brown (Administrator) wmb24@cam.ac.uk
The Fitzwilliam Museum
Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1RB, UK

www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk
General enquiries +44 (0)1223 332900
Press enquiries +44 (0)1223 332941
Division of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing

Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK
www.cau.arch.cam.ac.uk
Administrator +44(0)1223 327802 scs30@cam.ac.uk
Christopher Evans (Executive Director) cje30@cam.ac.uk
Institute of Continuing Education
Madingley Hall, Madingley, Cambridge, CB23 8AQ, UK

www.ice.cam.ac.uk
General enquiries +44 (0)1223 746222

Susan Oosthuizen (University Senior Lecturer) smo23@cam.ac.uk
Gillian Carr (University Senior Lecturer) gcc20@cam.ac.uk
About us
Graeme Barker (Director) & James Barrett (Deputy Director)

Archaeology is embedded in the University of Cambridge
in a variety of contexts: the McDonald Institute for
Archaeological Research, the Division of Archaeology and the
Division of Biological Anthropology (within the Department
of Archaeology and Anthropology), the Cambridge
Archaeological Unit, the Museum of Archaeology and
Anthropology, the Faculty of Classics, the Fitzwilliam Museum
and the Institute of Continuing Education. The highlights of
each in 2011/12 are outlined in the pages to follow.
The McDonald Institute serves as an interdisciplinary
hub aiming to provide a shared intellectual home for all,
with a programme of seminars, workshops, conferences,
publications and pump-priming research grants. The past
academic year has been as varied as ever. To note just
a sample, major conferences were held on Africas Later
Holocene Archaeology and The Archaeology of Mortality and
Immortality. Our early-career scholars were as proactive
as usual, organizing the student colloquium of the Society
for Medieval Archaeology and workshops on (for example)
Zooarchaeology and Stable Isotope Analysis and Wildlife
Conservation and Archaeological Evidence. A particular
highlight was the annual McDonald Lecture by Prof. Charles
Higham, The Long and Winding Road that Leads to Angkor. We
have also benefited from an influx of dynamic new McDonald
Fellows. Dr John Creese began a project (funded by the Social
Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada) on
power and personhood during the transition to sedentism
in eastern North America and Dr Ldia Colominas-Barber
joined us (with Spanish government funding) to study the
impact of the Roman Empire on animal husbandry practices.
Drs Emanuela Cristiani (Mesolithic and Neolithic technology),
Giuseppina Mutri (human adaptation to arid environments)
and Guillaume Robin (art and death in Neolithic Europe)

joined the Institute as Marie Curie fellows. Dr Dacia Viejo-Rose
returned with a British Academy fellowship to research the
war-time destruction of cultural heritage and its post-war
reconstruction. Jim Leary of English Heritage joined us for
a term as Field Archaeologist in Residence to unpick the
mysteries of Silbury Hill and the Marlborough Mound. Equally
noteworthy are the successes of past McDonald Members
and Fellows. Jason Hawkes took up a postdoctoral fellowship
at the University of Aarhus, Magdalena Naum secured a
fellowship at the University of Lund, Hugo Oliveira took up a
postdoc at the University of Linkoping, Sweden, Brian Stewart
started a new postdoc at Harvard and Krish Seetah moved to
an Assistant Professorship at Stanford.
New grants to members of the Institute included (among
others) a Leverhulme Trust award to Prof. Charly French
(for work with Drs David Beresford-Jones and Kevin Lane
on ancient land and water use in the south-central Andes),
a Wellcome Trust award to Dr John Robb (to study the
medical anthropology of prehistoric Europe with help
from Dr Sheila Kohring) and British Academy international
partnership grants to Dr Cameron Petrie (to research
environment and civilization in ancient South Asia) and
Prof. Henrietta Moore (with Dr Matthew Davies, on African
farming systems). The institute also played host to 30
Visiting Scholars.
With all of this activity and more concurrent with structural
reorganization within the parent Department of Archaeology
and Anthropology it has been a taxing year for the
support staff of the Institute. We appreciate and applaud their
forbearance. Let us continue to thrive, and to make important
contributions to knowledge. This report demonstrates the
range and vibrancy of archaeology research at Cambridge
crossing continents, periods and approaches in its exploration
of the diversity of the human past.
Nic marchaNt
Introduction: the McDonald Institute

and Archaeology at Cambridge
Professor Charles Higham delivers the 23rd McDonald Lecture to an

appreciative audience at the Mill Lane Lecture Theatres.
Archaeology at Cambridge 20112012
About us
and Museums course over much of the past year

before moving on to a well-deserved lectureship in
Amsterdam last March.
charles FreNch
This has been a year of change and adaptation to

our new configuration as an enlarged Department of
Archaeology and Anthropology. I am pleased to report
that, even in this year of the design of a new tripos
and higher fees, our numbers of undergraduates and
graduates have remained very healthy.
Archaeology warmly welcomes Dr Martin
Worthington as our new lecturer in Assyriology,
as well as Dr Augusta McMahon moving from the
Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies to her
new office at the top of the Museums stairwell.
Many congratulations are due to Dr Gillian Carr of
the Institute of Continuing Education at Madingley
Hall who has been promoted to University Senior
Lecturer, and I was delighted to be given a Personal
Professorship of Geoarchaeology.
I am very pleased to report that

Mark Newman has been newly
appointed to the role of Archaeology
Administrator after four valued years
as our Graduate Administrator, for
which many thanks. Also, first Claire
Bannister and then Sandy Yatteau ably
served as our temporary Divisional
Secretary over the past year, for which
many thanks are due. I also thank Dr
Chiara De Cesari for her valuable input
to the MPhil in Heritage Management
The successes of former or completing PhD students

included the award of lectureships to Dr Krish
Seetah at Stanford University and Dr Stefania Merlo
at the University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
and postdoctoral fellowships to Dr David BeresfordJones and Dr Kevin Lane (Leverhulme, Cambridge),
Dr Federica Sulas (University of Pretoria) and Yijie
Zhuang (Merton College, Oxford). Successful PhD
completions this year included: Franca Cole, Jennifer
Goddard, Robyn Inglis, Andreas Kapetanios, Katherine
Leckie, Archondia Polyzoudi, Tera Pruitt, Alex Pryor,
Shadia Taha and Yijie Zhuang. Patricia Duff received
an International Undergraduate Award for 2012,
Agathe Dupeyron won the Glyn Daniel Award for
the best undergraduate dissertation, Charlie Draper
received the Anglia Prize for his overall distinction
performance, and our MPhil student Yingwen Tao
won the Divisions best MPhil dissertation prize.
Finally I wish to express my gratitude to all our staff
colleagues for their patience, forebearance and
constant enthusiasm over this past challenging year.
adam staNFord
David Redhouse has been appointed to a new role

of Faculty Teaching and Research Computing Officer,
a long overdue recognition of his input to this
Division. As a good corollary of this, Ian Hitchman
will be taking a much greater role as Archaeologys
Computer Officer. Both David and Ian will also be
contributing to the new Faculty-wide structure for
the provision of IT, which will help ensure that we
are able to maintain the high quality of our current
resources, but will also always have suitable cover
in place. The Division and new Department are
also very grateful to Dr Cameron Petrie and David
Redhouse for starting the process of
integrating the three teaching divisions
onto the same level in terms of our
Departmental computing provision.
Indeed, there has been considerable
development and infrastructure
investment from the School to
both the Division and Department
to augment our computing and
laboratory provision.
The Cambridge Archaeological Unit has had a superb

year. In particular, the Must Farm team (of Mark
Knight, Kerry Murrell, David Gibson, Iona Robinson
and others) was awarded the best new discovery
and best project of 2012 at the British Archaeological
Awards ceremony in July (see photo below and p. 4).
The Must Farm team at the British Archaeological Awards (from left to right: Tim Malim,
Magrethe Felter, David Gibson, Mark Knight, Kerry Murrell, Councillor Ian Bates, Kasia
Gdaniec, Tim Darling, Sheila Smith, David Weeks, Sarah Stannage, David Atkinson).
About us
The Museum of Archaeology and

Anthropology (MAA)
Nicholas thomas
This past year has been one of the most intensive

and rewarding in our recent history. With funding
from the Li Ka Shing Foundation and DCMS Wolfson,
MAA undertook an 18-month redevelopment project
that constituted the most extensive refurbishment of
the building since its opening 100 years ago and the
first comprehensive redisplay of its archaeological
collections since 1984. The space has been
reconfigured into two bright and attractive galleries,
a new shop and a reception area, all of which
are oriented around a grand set of double doors
providing direct access from Downing Street.
The new ground-floor galleries are only the

beginning of MAAs plans for the display of its
archaeological collections. The second floor is now a
dedicated World Archaeology gallery and currently
features temporary displays of regional highlights
and Visible Storage. We are fundraising to redevelop
this gallery permanently to the same high standard
as the ground floor, which we hope to commence in
the next few years.
sir cam
Prior to the redevelopment, there was no museum

that focused on the archaeology of Cambridge and
the region. Now there is a dedicated Cambridge
gallery that tells the story of how Cambridge
developed from a Roman settlement into the city we
know today. The adjacent Li Ka Shing Gallery hosts
MAAs temporary exhibitions, currently featuring Gifts
and Discoveries. This gallery offers more flexibility
and controlled climate conditions than the previous
temporary exhibition space.
Cambridge Gallery, University of Cambridge Museum of
Archaeology and Anthropology.
In other staffing news, Dr Robin Boast is moving on

to the University of Amsterdam to take up a post
as Chair of Information Science and Culture. Robin
served as curator since 1992 and in recent years
has worked particularly on collaborative projects
involving Zuni and new uses of digital technologies
in museum documentation and galleries. He will be
missed and the Museum wishes him the very best
in his new endeavour.
sir cam
Even during the height of the redevelopment, core

museum activities teaching, outreach, collections
care, research, etc. all continued, although
some were necessarily constrained. It must be said,
however, that the redevelopment affected every
member of staff, who all rose to the challenge and
ensured a successful reopening.
Cambridge Gallery, University of Cambridge Museum of Archaeology and

Anthropology.
About us

christopher evaNs
dave WeBB
It has been a vibrant year for the Unit, one that has
seen many groundbreaking discoveries. Foremost
would have to be the on-going work in Hansons
Must Farm Quarry at Whittlesey. First outlined in
last years report, a c. 200 m length of a River Nene
palaeochannel saw the painstaking excavation of
still further fish/eel traps and weirs, as well as nine
later BronzeIron Age logboats. Two of the latter
are actually decorated with channel-incised crosspatterns. Truly an extraordinary site and certainly
one of high international significance, it won British
Archaeological awards both for best project and
discovery of the year, as well as attracting huge
media coverage (see www.mustfarm.com).
dave WeBB
Another Hanson Quarry (Needingworth)

palaeochannel-side site also yielded major findings,
this time beside the River Great Ouse at Barleycroft
Farm. First found some 18 years ago, this Iron Age
settlement had been preserved in situ within the
confines of the quarrys plant-processing site,
and was only excavated during the Spring due to
pressing storage needs. Although only extending
over 0.45 ha, having well-preserved (alluviumsealed) ground surfaces and upcast banks surviving
associated with its enclosures, an intense settlement
sequence was evinced and 17 roundhouses
were recovered. Aside from having excellent
environmental remains and yielding important
palaeo-economic data, a singular find was a later Iron
Age pot decorated in an unparalleled fashion: mixed
La Tne-style scrollwork and metalwork-derived
basketweave patterns.
Further afield, work continued on the later Neolithic
ritual landscape at Manor Farm, Milton Keynes
(multiple cursus, plus Iron Age pit alignments), as
well as on the Roman riverside settlement within the
grounds of the Babraham Institute.
dave WeBB
Cambridge Archaeological Units excavations at

Must Farm: (top) fish/eel traps and weirs; (middle)
logboats; (bottom) channel-decorated boat.
Iron Age enclosure within the Barleycroft Farm Quarry-Plant Site.
Jointly undertaken with the University of Cardiff, the

summer saw the second of our three-season-long
project on the great hillfort at Ham Hill, Somerset.
As well as seeing further excavation of the Bronze
Age fieldsystem, the main site saw the brunt of
the Iron Age compounds interior dug, as well as
its main entranceway. The most spectacular results
came, however, from trenches excavated across
the hillforts enormous ramparts. One involved
re-opening one of George St Grays cuttings from
early in the last century which, apart from bringing
home the sheer scale of the defences, demonstrated
a three-phase construction sequence. Of the other
two trenches, one revealed a stone-built roundhouse
set at the ramparts foot, while the other exposed an
entrance-flanking guard-chamber, which had been
infilled with Early Roman dump horizons (including
military items); work will continue on the latter two
trenches next year.
Barleycroft Farm settlement-enclosure roundhouses (and students).
dave WeBB
dave WeBB
About us
As for post-excavation matters, both the Units

Colne Fen and Spong Hill volumes (the latter to
be published by the McDonald Institute, see p. 54)
have now been completed and are currently in
press.
marcus BrittaiN
Within Cambridge itself, there have been significant

Roman excavations at Kettles Yard and St Johns
School of Pythagoras, with the latter having both
Early-period settlement remains and a Late Roman
inhumation cemetery. Major medieval settlement
excavations occurred at Newmarket Road (opposite
Barnwell Priory) and Neath Farm, Cherry Hinton.
Ham Hill ramparts: George St Grays trench in 1929 and its re-opening in 2012.
About us
Faculty of Classics
The Classical Archaeology group (D Caucus) in the
Faculty of Classics had a varied year and a series
of staffing changes. The retirement of Henry Hurst
and the resignation of Laura Preston have been
followed by an agreement to fill both posts. Dr
Ioannis Galanakis, from the Ashmolean Museum
in Oxford, has been appointed to the lectureship
in Aegean Prehistory and the other post will be
appointed in 201213. Dr Matt Haysom, who had
held a temporary lectureship, has moved to become
the Knossos Curator at the British School at Athens.
Dr Alessandro Launaro, previously a British Academy
postdoctoral fellow, has been awarded a Leverhulme
early career fellowship. Finally, Professor Andrew
Wallace-Hadrill has been appointed as a Director of
Research in the Faculty having stood down as Master
of Sidney Sussex College.
There was a strongly supported series of research
seminars, which included papers from Dr Veli Kse
of Hacettepe niversitesi, Ankara on the Aspendos
project, and Dr Sabine Ladstaetter of the Austrian
Archaeological Institute on recent work at Ephesos.
A workshop organized by Belinda Crerar was held on
the subject of Roman burial practice.
The Museum of Classical Archaeology hosted an
exhibition on the ancient Olympics with various
associated events.
martiN millett
A range of fieldwork projects continued, with

further geophysical survey undertaken in Suffolk,
The ancient Olympics:

an Athenian red-figure
lekythos (first half of
the fifth century bc)
showing a winged
figure of Nike (Victory)
bestowing a victory
crown.
in collaboration with Suffolk County Council,

and in Kent. At Aldborough, Roman Isurium
Brigantium, large-scale geophysical survey work
was continued in collaboration with LP Archaeology
and the Landscape Research Centre. A large part
of the northeastern section of the walled area was
examined using magnetometry and further Ground
Penetrating Radar work was done in the region of the
forum, near the church. The magnetometry resulted
in the discovery of probable public baths as well as
further clear evidence of the street grid.
Foerster magnetometer in use

at Aldborough.
museum oF classical archaeoloGy
martiN millett
About us
Institute of Continuing Education (ICE)

susaN oosthuizeN & GilliaN carr
The Institute of Continuing Education (ICE) offers

part-time University of Cambridge awards in a
range of subjects including Historic Environment
and Archaeology. Academic leadership in
Archaeology is provided by Dr Gillian Carr, and in
Historic Environment by Dr Susan Oosthuizen, both
affiliated to the Department of Archaeology and
Anthropology, Division of Archaeology.
Notable projects undertaken in 20112012 by

Historic Environment students included (among
others) economy and enclosure in the Victorian
Cornish landscape; middle Anglo-Saxon heremetic
landscapes in the fenlands; and the impact of
public policy on modern national parks in Scotland.
Archaeology student projects included a study of
socio-cultural, political and personal influences upon
European Iron Age bog body interpretation; and the
role of salvaged refugee material culture in the lives
of refugees in the UK.
paul irelaNd
ICE continues to offer its existing part-time universitylevel Certificate, Diploma and Advanced Diploma
courses in both disciplines as well as academic
outreach in the form of non-accredited provision and
participation in the Festival of Ideas.
Madingley Hall opened its gardens to the public in June 2012 as part
of the National Gardens Scheme.
In 2012, the Institute launched the first year of the
new Madingley Weekly Programme, a series of fiveweek interdisciplinary short courses and seminar
groups linked to the certificate and diploma courses.
In 2013, within the fields of Archaeology, Heritage
Studies, Anthropology and the Historic Environment,
courses include:
Lock em Up! (involving studies of historical
internment using archaeological, heritage-related
and historical fieldwork)
Apparitions: Ghosts, Angels and Demons in
Modern Britain
Seminar group on agricultural production in the
Historic Environment
Humps, Bumps, Buildings and Hedges: Walking
through History (introduction to fieldwork in
landscape archaeology).
paul irelaNd
The new part-time Master of Studies in Historic

Environment, which focuses on the management
and conservation of the historic environment, is
offered from October 2013.
Madingley Hall in the snow, February 2012.
About us
Members
Dr Martin Allen
(Fitzwilliam Museum)
Later medieval English coins and tokens
Dr Sally-Ann Ashton
(Fitzwilliam Museum)
Egyptology
Prof. Graeme Barker FBA
(McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research/
Division of Archaeology)
Landscape archaeology (Mediterranean, arid
zone, tropical); expansion of modern humans;
transitions to farming
Dr James Barrett
(McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research/
Division of Archaeology)
Medieval archaeology; historical ecology;
the Viking Age, political economy, migration
and the comparative study of maritime
societies
Dr David Barrowclough
(Wolfson College)
Social construction of island identities;
prehistoric ritual and monumental art in Malta
Dr Ian Baxter
(Institute of Continuing Education)
Heritage and tourism
Dr Katherine Boyle
(McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research)
Archaeozoology; environmental archaeology;
palaeobiogeography; European prehistory
Dr Rebecca Bridgman (Fitzwilliam Museum)
Islamic pottery
Dr Marcus Brittain
(Cambridge Archaeological Unit)
Interaction of landscape, memory and identity
within non-literate societies
Dr Judith Bunbury
(Department of Earth Sciences)
Geoarchaeology
Dr Lucilla Burn (Fitzwilliam Museum)
Greek vases and terracottas, and the
Classical tradition
Dr Gillian Carr
The archaeology and heritage of WWII,
specifically the German occupation of the
Channel Islands
Craig Cessford
Medieval and later urban archaeology
Dr Christopher Chippindale
(Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology)
Rock art, especially Australian
Dr Elizabeth DeMarrais
(Division of Archaeology)
Archaeological theory; Andean archaeology;
settlement patterns
Alison Dickens
Standing buildings and the development of
urban centres
Prof. Robin Osborne FBA

(Faculty of Classics)
The iconography of everyday life scenes on
Athenian pots; the Classical Body
Christopher Evans
British archaeology; Nepal; China;
Cape Verde
Dr Cameron Petrie (Division of Archaeology)

South Asian studies
Prof. Charles French

Landscape interpretation; soil
micromorphology; scientific rescue
archaeology
Prof. Nicholas Postgate FBA

Assyriology; social and economic history
of Mesopotamia
Dr Ioannis Galanakis (Faculty of Classics)

Greek prehistory
David Gibson
Neolithic and Bronze Age
Dr Catherine Hills (Division of Archaeology)
Anglo-Saxon England; Europe in migration
and early medieval periods
Henry Hurst (Faculty of Classics)
Pre-Neronian Nova Via, Rome
Dr Liliana Janik (Division of Archaeology)
Archaeological theory; visual cognition in
rock art
Prof. Martin Jones (Division of Archaeology)
Archaeobotany; environmental
archaeology; early agriculture
Mark Knight
Prehistoric and wetland field archaeology
Dr Alessandro Launaro (Faculty of Classics)
Archaeology and history of the Italian
countryside (c. 200 Bcad 100)
Dr Sam Lucy (Newnham College)
Anglo-Saxon archaeology
Dr Augusta McMahon
Mesopotamian archaeology and history,
complex society, site biography
Prof. Martin Millett FBA (Faculty of Classics)
The social and economic archaeology of the
Roman world
Dr Preston Miracle (Division of Archaeology)
Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Europe;
zooarchaeology; ethnoarchaeology;
palaeoanthropology
Dr Philip Nigst (Division of Archaeology)
Palaeolithic archaeology
Dr Tamsin OConnell
Diet and nutrition in past and present
human populations; stable isotope
techniques
Dr Susan Oosthuizen
Landscape and field archaeology especially
Anglo-Saxon and medieval
Dr Adrian Popescu (Fitzwilliam Museum)

Ancient coins and medals
Dr Kate Pretty (Homerton College)

Public archaeology; early medieval
archaeology
Prof. John Ray FBA
Texts in demotic Egyptian; decipherment of
scripts and languages; history of writing
Dr Jane Renfrew
(Lucy Cavendish College)
The uses of plants by prehistoric man;
ancient agriculture; food and wine in
antiquity
Dr John Robb (Division of Archaeology)
Neolithic Europe; archaeological theory;
symbolism and agency
Dr Marie Louise Stig Srensen
Bronze Age Europe; archaeological heritage
studies; archaeological theory
Dr Kate Spence (Division of Archaeology)
Archaeology of ancient Egypt; urbanism
and built environment; social history; art
Dr Nigel Spivey (Faculty of Classics)
Etruscan art and archaeology; Greco-Roman
art; the anthropology of art
Dr Jay Stock
(Division of Biological Anthropology)
Skeletal biology; evolution of human
variation; bioarchaeology; hunter-gatherer
adaptations; origins of agriculture
Dr Simon Stoddart
Later European prehistory; landscape
archaeology; complex societies; island
communities
Dr Simon Timberlake
Bronze Age; archaeometallurgy;
experimental archaeology
Professor Andrew Wallace-Hadrill FBA
(Faculty of Classics)
Roman studies
About us
Senior McDonald Fellows
Dr Robert Anderson
History of museums and history of science
Dr Britt Baillie (Department of Architecture)

Conflict in Cities and the Contested State
Dr Susanne Hakenbeck
(Research Associate)
Hybrid Identities: Pastoralists and Farmers in Early
Medieval Hungary
Dr Harriet Hunt
Food Globalization in Prehistory (FOGLIP) Project
Janine Bourriau
Egyptology and ceramics
Dr Rachel Ballantyne
Ecological Correlates of Viking Age State
Formation
Prof. Dilip Chakrabarti

Ancient India
Dr David Beresford-Jones
Origins and Intensification of Agriculture
Dr Harriet Crawford
Mesopotamia and Persian Gulf
Dr Elizabeth Blake
Emergence of Modern Behaviours, Soundscapes,
Stone-tool Technology
Dr Corinne Duhig
Osteoarchaeology
Prof. Norman Hammond FBA
The origins, florescence and decline of Maya
civilization in Mesoamerica
Dr Roger Bland
(British Museum)
Department of Portable Antiquities and Treasure
Dr Michael Boyd
(Stavros S. Niarchos Research Fellow)
Keros Project
Prof. Barry Kemp FBA

Egyptology; the Amarna project
Dr Sandra Brunnegger
(Research Fellow, St Edmunds College)
Latin America
Prof. Tony Legge

Zooarchaeology
Rev. Dr David Clark

(Independent Scholar)
Byzantine Architecture, Religion and Symbolism
Prof. William McGrew

Modelling the evolutionary origins of human
behaviour, especially material culture
Dr Carlo Colantoni
Kilise Tepe Project
Prof. Sir Paul Mellars FBA

Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology;
palaeoeconomy; palaeoenvironmental studies
Dr Joan Oates FBA
Mesopotamia and Syria, especially Tell Brak
Prof. Lord Colin Renfrew FBA
Keros Project
Dr Colin Shell
2D and 3D geophysical survey; airborne
remote sensing
Prof. Anthony Snodgrass FBA
Boeotia Project
Dr Ghanim Wahida
Lithics from Jebel Barakah, Abu Dhabi Emirate
Prof. Ann Wintle
Luminescence dating
Dr Sacha Jones
TRANS-NAP: Cultural Transformations and
Environmental Transitions in North African Prehistory
Dr Ldia Colominas-Barber
Iron Age and Roman Animal Husbandry in the
Mediterranean Basin
Dr Sheila Kohring (Division of Archaeology)

Later European Prehistory; the Construction of
Knowledge through Technological Practices
Dr Kathelijne Koops
(Research Fellow, Homerton College)
Primate Research
Dr Graeme Lawson
Archaeomusicology
Dr Carenza Lewis
Landscape History; Medieval Settlement
Pattern; Access Cambridge Archaeology
Dr Emma Lightfoot
(Adrian Research Fellow, Darwin College)
Climate Change and the Globalization
of Agriculture
Dr Diane Lister
Dr Xinyi Liu
Dr John Creese
Iroquoian Personhood and the Body
Dr John MacGinnis
Mesopotamia and Eastern Anatolia
Dr Emanuela Cristiani
(Marie Curie Postdoctoral Fellow)
MesolithicNeolithic Technology
Dr Giedre Motuzaite Matuzeviciute

Pioneers of Pan Asian Contact (PPAC): Broomcorn
Millett Project
Dr Ben Davenport
Cultural Heritage and the Reconstruction of
Identities after Conflict (CRIC) Project
Dr Matthew Davies
(BIEA/McDonald Institute Fellowship)
Late Stone Age to Early Iron Age of East Africa
Dr Lucy Farr
TRANS-NAP: Cultural Transformations and
Environmental Transitions in North African
Prehistory
Dr Peter Forster
(Murray Edwards College)
Population Genetics
Dr Helen Geake
(Finds Adviser, Portable Antiquities Scheme)
Anglo-Saxon Archaeology; Metal Detectorists
Dr Anna Muthesius
Byzantine, Islamic and Near Eastern Silk Weaving
Dr Giuseppina Mutri
Human Adaptational Patterns to Arid Environments
in North Africa
Dr Magdalena Naum
(McDonald Institute Fellowship)
Medieval Migration in the Baltic Sea Region
Dr Rune Nyord
(Wallis Budge Fellow, Christs College)
Conceptions of the Body in the Nag
Hammadi Texts
Dr David Orton
Ancient DNA, Cod and the Origins of Commercial
Trade in Medieval Europe
About us

(cont.)
Dr Anne de Vareilles
Archaeobotany
Dr Sabine Laemmel
Ancient Egyptian Pottery
Dr Sara Owen
(Research Associate, Classics)
Greek Colonization and the Archaeology of
European Development
Dr Isabelle Vella Gregory

(Research Fellow, Christs College)
Mediterranean Prehistory
Dr Luca Lai
(University of South Florida)
Shifts in Economic Practices in Central
Mediterranean Prehistory
Dr Caroline Phillips
Primate Research
Dr Dacia Viejo-Rose
(British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow)
The War-time Destruction of Cultural Heritage
and its Post-war Reconstruction
Dr Ronika Power
Analysis of Human Remains from Prehistoric
Libyan Garamantes Civilization
Dr Yanfu Zu
(Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit)
The Silk Road Project
David McOmish
(English Heritage)
British Archaeology
Dr Alex Pryor
Human Occupation of Marginal
Environments in the Palaeolithic
Visiting Scholars
Roger Palmer
(Air Photo Services)
Aerial Photography
Dr Ryan Rabett
(McDonald Institute Fellowship)
Early Human Diversity: Behavioural Modernity
in Inter-regional Perspective
Dr Gethin Rees
(Faculty of Divinity)
Buddhism and Donation; Rock-cut
Monasteries of the Western Ghats
Dr Jo Appleby
(University of Leicester)
Cremation and the Body in the British
Bronze Age
Dr Jacke Phillips
(School of Oriental and African Studies, London)
Suakin Project
Dr Dawei Cai
(Jilin University)
Animal and Plant Domestication and Dispersal
Dr Nellie Phoca-Cosmetatou
Human Evolution; Human Settlement and
Subsistence across Southern Europe
Dr Helen Chappell
(English Heritage)
Bone Chemistry
Dr Colin Shaw
Assessing the Correspondence between
Behaviour and Skeletal Morphology in
Pleistocene and Holocene Hominins
Dr Margarita Daz-Andreu Garca

(University of Barcelona)
History of Archaeology, Identity and
Prehistoric Art
Dr Laurence Smith
Suakin Project
Dr Rebecca Farbstein
Technological Analysis of Palaeolithic Art and
Material Culture
Dr Pamela Jane Smith

History of Archaeology
Dr Francesa Fulminante
(NIAS, Netherlands)
Mediterranean State Formation
Dr Rhiannon Stevens
(Senior Research Associate)
Detecting Pregnancy and Lactation using
Bone Collagen Nitrogen Isotopes: a Proof of
Concept Study
Dr Jamie Hampson
(University of the Witwatersrand)
Rock Art and Heritage
Dr Christopher Stimpson
Zooarchaeology and Biological Conservation
Dr Sian Thomas
(Research Fellow, Selwyn College)
Patterns, Modes and Forms of Survival
of Native Egyptian Law after the Roman
Conquest
Dr Emanuele Vaccaro
Late Roman and Early Medieval Settlements
in Italy
10
Dr Bihua Pan
(Fudan University)
Settlement Archaeology
Dr Richard Bussmann
(Institute of Archaeology, UCL)
Egyptology
Dr Guillaume Robin
Art and Death in Neolithic Europe
Dr Fiona Stewart
Primate Research
Dr Mara Jos Lpez Grande

(University of Madrid)
Egyptian Pottery
Dr Robert Harding
Early Historic India; Archaeology of Indian
Religions
Dr Jason Hawkes
(University of Aarhus)
Nepal: the Surkhet Valley Project
Dr Chris Hunt
(Queens University, Belfast)
Humanenvironment Interactions
Dr Hongen Jiang
(Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing)
Prof. Robert Kelly
(University of Wyoming)
Archaeology, Ethnology and Ethnography of
Foraging Peoples
Dr Ulla Rajala
(Academy of Finland)
Crustumerium, Italy; Romanization of a
Falisican Town
Dr Badshah Sardar
(Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad)
The Buddhist Collection of Nimogram Swat,
Pakistan
Dr Krish Seetah
(University of Central Lancashire)
Osteoarchaeology
Dr Julia Shaw
(Institute of Archaeology, University College
London)
Archaeology of Indian Religions, especially
Buddhism and Brahmanical Traditions
Dr Du Shuisheng
(Beijing Normal University)
Palaeolithic Archaeology in Northwest China
Dr Anna Stevens
Amarna Project
Dr Marc Vander Linden
(University of Leicester)
European Prehistory
Dr Rong Wang
(University of Fudan)
Archaeological Science, Restoration and
Conservation of Cultural Relics, particularly
Ancient Jade
Dr Hai Zhang
(Beijing University)
Ancient Landscapes
About us
PhD Students (20112012)
Maria Abreu (Division of Archaeology)
Rock-art Palaeolithic Style on Open-air Surfaces in South Europe
Kelly Accetta (Division of Archaeology)
Thresholds of the God: Inscribed Doorways and the Creation of
Sacred Space in Ancient Egypt.
About us
Letizia Ceccarelli (Division of Archaeology)

The Sacred Space, Topography and Ritual of Sanctuaries of Latium in
the Republican Period
Emma Chapman (Division of Archaeology)
An Investigation into Mortuary Practice and the Treatment
of Children within 11th- to 16th-century English Christian
Parish Churchyards
Shu-Fang Cheng (Division of Archaeology)
Liao Dynasty: Cultural Exchange and Ethnic Fusion
Craig Alexander (Division of Archaeology)

Neolithic Decisions: Central Mediterranean
Sarah Clegg (Division of Archaeology)

Flexibility and Fluctuations: Capacity Systems in Early Mesopotamia
Pablo Alonso Gonzlez (Division of Archaeology)

Nation Building and Cultural Heritage in Cuba
Elizabeth Cohen (Division of Archaeology)

In What Way Does the Use of Ottoman Heritage in Greece Help our
Understanding of Difficult Heritage and the Heritage of the Other?
Stephanie Aulsebrook (Division of Archaeology)

Political Strategies and Metal Vessels in Mycenaean Societies
Amy Bah (Division of Archaeology)
Oracles and Prophecies in Ptolemaic Egypt
Franca Cole (Division of Archaeology)

Ritual in Practice: Funerary Ceramic Use as an Indicator of Identity in
Neolithic and Metal-Age North Borneo (1000 Bc to ad 800)
Marina Baralle (Division of Archaeology)

Functional Analysis of the Ceramics at the Site of Borgata,
Northwestern Argentina
Kate Connell (Division of Archaeology)

Lithic Representativeness of Cultural Change at Haua Fteah
Cave, Libya
Jennifer Bates (Division of Archaeology)

Social Organization and Change in Bronze Age South Asia: a Multiproxy Approach to Urbanization, Deurbanization and Village Life
through Phytolith and Macrobotanical Analysis
Jessica Cooney (Division of Archaeology)

Identifying a Visual Vocabulary of Children in the Parietal Art of the
Upper Palaeolithic
Sebastian Becker (Division of Archaeology)

Traditions in the Making: a Study of Motifs and Design Strategies in
Bird Representations of Bronze and Early Iron Age Europe
Viviana Bellifemine Sanchez-Chopitea (Division of Archaeology)
Inka Governance Strategies in the Cuzco Region
Monique Boddington (Division of Archaeology)
Epistemology and Archaeology
Kira Bonomo (Division of Archaeology)
Coastal Promontory Forts: the Vikings and Changing
LandSea Boundaries
Kathryn Boulden (Division of Archaeology)
Investigating the Early Neolithic Agricultural Landscapes of Southern
Britain through Soil Micromorphology and Faunal Isotope Analysis
Eleri Cousins (Faculty of Classics)

Religious Practices in the Communities of Roman Britain
Samantha Cox (Division of Archaeology)
Growth and Development of Sexual Dimorphism in the Pelvis
Belinda Crerar (Faculty of Classics)
Contextualizing Deviancy: a Regional Approach to Decapitated
Inhumation in Late Roman Britain
Aaron Critch (Division of Archaeology)
Exchange, Authority, and Identity: Ring-money Production in the
Viking Age Earldom of Orkney
Hannah Cutler (Division of Archaeology)
Neanderthal Landscapes in Britain: Spatial Coordinate Data of Bifacial
Type-fossils
Christina Bouthillier (Division of Archaeology)

Ceramics and Eastern Mediterranean Interactions during the Iron Age
Tessa de Roo (Division of Archaeology)

The Viking Sea from A to B: Charting the Nautical Routes from
Scandinavia to the British Isles in the Early Viking Period
Meghan Bowe (Division of Archaeology)

Making Place, Marketing Pasts: Tracing War Destruction and
Reconstruction on the Urban Landscape in Lbeck and
Rostock, Germany
Bela Dimova (Division of Archaeology)

A Post-colonial View of Thrace (8th4th centuries Bc): Exploring
Difference and Identity between Anthropology, Archaeology and the
Classical World
Philip Boyes (Faculty of Classics)

Social Change in Phoenicia in the Late Bronze Age/
Early Iron Age Transition
Sarah Evans (Division of Archaeology)

New Notifications: Geometrically Engraved Bones and the Social
Network in the Upper Palaeolithic
Lauren Cadwallader (Division of Archaeology)

Investigating 2000 Years of Dietary Change in the Lower Ica Valley,
Peru, Using an Isotopic Approach
Kathrin Felder (Division of Archaeology)

Girdle-hangers in 5th- and 6th-century England: an Archaeological
Contribution to the Anthropological Perspective on Material Culture
Risa Carlson (Division of Archaeology)

Tracing the Shoreline Through Time in Alaska
Renate Fellinger (Division of Archaeology)

The Legal and Economic Independence of Women as Portrayed in
Two Theban Archives from the Ptolemaic period (c. 33230 Bc).
Ben Cartwright (Division of Archaeology)

Weaving the World: Can Communities of Practice Created by
Spinning and Weaving Highlight the Intangible Nature of Identity
Construction in Viking Age Atlantic Scotland
Jennifer French (Division of Archaeology)

Populating the Palaeolithic: a Palaeodemographic Analysis of Upper
Palaeolithic Hunter-gatherer Populations in Southwest France
Giandaniele Castangia (Division of Archaeology)

Symbols and Landscapes: the Meaning of the Sardinian Nuraghi
through Time and Space
Lindsey Friedman (Division of Archaeology)

You are What You Eat: Changing Diet over the JomonYayoi Transition
in West Japan
11
About us
Postgraduate Students (cont.)

Jennifer Goddard (Division of Archaeology)
Looting & Collecting: Identity Values in Consumer Societies
Pedro Goncalves (Division of Archaeology)
Holocene Landscape and Environmental Changes in the Capital
Zone of Egypt
Tina Greenfield (Division of Archaeology)
Providing for the Empire: the Organization of Food Provisioning at the
Neo-Assyrian Provincial Capital of Ziyaret Tepe in Southeastern Turkey
Kathryn Hall (Division of Archaeology)
Landscape Change and the MesolithicNeolithic Transition in
Southern England
Claire Halley (Division of Archaeology)
Building Chaco: Architecture, Performance and Culture Formation
Tiago Hermenegildo (Division of Archaeology)
Dietary Dynamic of Human Populations in the Amazon Basin since
the Holocene
Erell Hubert (Division of Archaeology)
Symbolic Objects in Moche Everyday Life and the Expansion of the
Southern Moche State
Ester Oras (Division of Archaeology)

Practices of Wealth Depositing: Ritualizing Contexts for Firstmillennium ad Wealth Deposits in the Eastern Baltic
Russell Ragin (Division of Archaeology)
Colonialism, Continuity and Change: the Settlement Pattern in the
Medieval Irish Sea Zone
Cleantha Paine (Division of Archaeology)
Doln Vstonice Soil Micromorphology
Danika Parikh (Division of Archaeology)
The Social Organization of the Indus Civilization through an Analysis
of Ceramic Production and Distribution in Northwest India
Van Pigtain (Division of Archaeology)
The Position of Greenlandic Norse within the Scandinavian North
Atlantic Diaspora
Suzanne Pilaar Birch (Division of Archaeology)
Dietary Diversification and Seasonal Mobility in the Istrian Peninsula
(Croatia) at the Pleistocene/Holocene Transition
Archondia Polyzoudi (Division of Archaeology)
The Display of Archaeology in Museums of Northern Greece
Catalin Popa (Division of Archaeology)
Dissecting Identity in Late Iron Age Central Eastern Europe
Robyn Inglis (Division of Archaeology)

Human Occupation and Changing Environments at the MiddleUpper
Palaeolithic Transition: Soil Micromorphology at the Haua Fteah, Libya
Amy Prendergast (Division of Archaeology)

A Palaeoclimatic Framework for the Early Human Occupation of
North Africa: Isotopic Analysis of Molluscs
Amna Jabeen (Division of Archaeology)

Constructing the Human Form in the Upper Palaeolithic Engravings
from France
Hannah Price (Faculty of Classics)

Roman Flora
Maikel Kuijpers (Division of Archaeology)

Re-evaluating Early Bronze Age Metal Working through the Analytical
Concept of chane opratoire
Katherine Leckie (Division of Archaeology)
Collecting Swiss Lake Dwellings in the UK 18501900: Research into
the History of Archaeological Collections, Practices of Visualization and
Archaeological Knowledge Formation
Tera Pruitt (Division of Archaeology)

Authority and Archaeology: an Analysis of the Role of Authority in the
Production of Archaeological Accounts of the Past
Rosalind Quick (Faculty of Classics)
Roman Ceramic Technology and Identity
Hazel Reade (Division of Archaeology)
Developing a Palaeoclimate Framework for Early Human Occupation
of North Africa: Oxygen Isotopic Analysis of Faunal Teeth
Heejin Lee (Division of Archaeology)

Geoarchaeological Investigation of Korean Middle Bronze Age
Settlement Sites
Jane Sanford (Division of Archaeology)

Hellenistic Contact and Change in Dalmatia:
a Zooarchaeological Approach
Hyun Kyung Lee (Division of Archaeology)

The Post-conflict Response from the Republic of Korea (South Korea) to the
Built Heritage of the Japanese Occupation
Mark Sapwell (Division of Archaeology)

Changing Pictures: Examining the Active Role of Art in the Changing
Ideas of Late Mesolithic to Early Bronze Age Peoples of North Europe
Minghao Lin (Division of Archaeology)

The Early Practice of Oxen Ploughing in China
Nick Soderberg (Faculty of Classics)

Architecture-based Analysis of the First Palaces of Minoan Crete
Eduardo Machicado Murillo (Division of Archaeology)

Agricultural Intensification in the Amazon Basin: Drained Field Agriculture
in the Huirico Settlement System, Llanos de Moxos, Bolivia
Pa Spry-Marqus (Division of Archaeology)

Zooarchaeological Study of Prehistoric Korula, Croatia
Patrizia Macri (Division of Archaeology)

EnotrianHellenic Cultural Contact in Basilicata
Sarah Musselwhite (Division of Archaeology)
Immigration in Late Ancient Egyptian History:
a Bioarchaeological Approach
Skylar Neil (Division of Archaeology)
Physical and Ethnic Boundaries in Late Archaic Etruria
Sayantani Neogi (Division of Archaeology)
Geoarchaeology on the Plains of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, Northwest India
Shawn ODonnell (Division of Archaeology)
Prehistoric Subsistence and HumanEnvironment Interactions in Northern
Island Southeast Asia using Plant Macro- and Microfossil Analyses
12
Shadia Taha (Division of Archaeology)

Archaeological Heritage of Suakin on the Red Sea Coast
Helen Taylor (Division of Archaeology)
Investigating Socio-economic Transformations in Highland
Southwest Iran During the 5th Millennium Bc: the Stein Collection in
the British Museum
Sean Taylor (Division of Archaeology)
Prehistoric Landscape Change in the Cycladic Islands: the Late
Quaternary Soil Record and Terrace Systems
Britanny Thorne (Division of Archaeology)
Environmental Change in the Late Quaternary of North Africa: Small
Vertebrate Responses at the Haua Fteah, Libya
About us
Postgraduate Students (cont.)

Christos Tsirogiannis (Division of Archaeology)
Unravelling the Hidden Market of Illicit
Antiquities: the Robin SymesChristos
Michaelides Network and its International
Implications
Oliver Irvine Urquhart (Division of Archaeology)
State Archives and the Succession of States: the
Claim by Various Nation States for the India Office
Records and its Legal and Historical Context
Lorena Bushell (Division of Archaeology)

Museum Experience and Decision Making at
the Scott Polar Museum
Leann Canady (Division of Archaeology)
Static Technology in a Changing World?
Ground Stone Tools and the Organization of
Food Production at Tell Brak
Bianca Carpeneti (Division of Archaeology)
Oral Histories and Community Identity
Astrid van Oyen (Faculty of Classics)

Actor Network Theory in Archaeology
Sofia Cecchi (Division of Archaeology)

The Acquisition of Antiquities at the
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge (1970
present): a Quantitative Approach
Paul van Pelt (Division of Archaeology)

Soil Micromorphology, Geochemistry and
Magnetic Susceptibility Studies at Sesebi, Kerma,
Dokki Gel, Sai Island and Gebel Barkal
Catherine Dent (Division of Archaeology)

Preserving Authenticity: Conservation,
Reconstruction and Re-enactment at the
Imperial War Museum Duxford
Dominic Walker (Division of Archaeology)

The Socio-political Museum: Collaboration,
Transdisciplinarity and Public Engagement
Ian Dull (Division of Archaeology)

Finding a Home for Modern in Cambodia:
the Preservation of Phnom Penhs Olympic
Stadium and the New Khmer Architecture
Claire Wallace (Division of Archaeology)

The Representation of Women and Children
in Anglo-Saxon Museum Displays
Rosalind Wallduck (Division of Archaeology)
Mesolithic and MesolithicNeolithic Social
Continuity and Change in the Iron Gates
Yiru Wang (Division of Archaeology)
The Origins of Domestic Sheep and Goats
in China
George Watson (Faculty of Classics)
Regional Identities in Roman Asia Minor,
44 Bcad 296
Alice Whitmore (Division of Archaeology)
Icelandic Assembly Places
Andrew Woods (Division of Archaeology)
Currency of the Ostmen: Money and Economy
in Viking-Age Ireland
Guohua Yang (Division of Archaeology)
The Changing Attitudes and Approaches to the
Uses and Development of Chinese Heritage
Donna Yates (Division of Archaeology)
Concepts of Indigenous and Nationalistic
Archaeology
Yijie Zhuang (Division of Archaeology)
Geoarchaeological Investigation in North China:
Palaeoenvironmental Change and its Interaction
with Prehistoric Human Activities
MPhil Students (20112012)
Joseph Berry (Division of Archaeology)
To Sea or Not To Sea: a Stable Sulphur Isotope
Analysis of Ancient Hair from the Ica Valley, Peru
Paul Brazinski (Division of Archaeology)
Byzantine Thebes: the Power of Saint Luke, Silk,
and Pilgrimage
Samuel Burns (Division of Archaeology)
Hybridization in the Colonies? Material Culture
of the Kingdom of Amurru
Ana Escobedo (Division of Archaeology)

Heritage and Currency: the National Cultural
Branding of Egypt and Turkey
Victoria Florey (Division of Archaeology)
Glass Mountain: Analysis of Geochemicallysourced Batza Tena Archaeological Obsidian
to Better Understand Cross-cultural Trade
within Alaska
Lydia Gay (Division of Archaeology)
Gendered Space and Occupation in the
Medieval Village: an Examination of Spindle
Whorls and the Role of Women in Local
Textile Production
Samuel Holzman (Faculty of Classics)
Interpreting the Great Kzldn Sarcophagus
Floor Huisman (Division of Archaeology)
The Lives of Objects in the Neolithic Lake
Village of Arbon-Bleiche 3 (Switzerland): a
Biographical Approach to Social Questions
Patrycja Kupiec (Division of Archaeology)

Transhumance in Iceland: a Geoarchaeological
Approach to Interpretation of Seasonal
Occupation at Plstftir and orvaldsstaasel
Shielings
Jessie Lipkowitz (Division of Archaeology)
Issues of Repatriation Visualized: a Comparative
Case Study of the New Acropolis Museum in
Athens and the Euphronios Krater in the Villa
Giulia at Rome.
Adam McBride (Division of Archaeology)
The Ceramic Revolution of the Southern
Danelaw: its Spread and Impetus
Maeve ODwyer (Faculty of Classics)
Enthronement: Investigating the Significance
Behind a Tradition of Seated Deities
Calum Robertson (Division of Archaeology)
From Jacobite Clansmen to Highland Soldier:
the Creation of Identities in Scottish Clan
Museums
Alice Rose (Division of Archaeology)
Royal Wootton Bassett: a Place of Remembrance
Daisy Spencer (Division of Archaeology)
Multi-proxy Evidence for the Detection of
Agriculture and Land Ose: a Case Study of 2ndmillennium Bc Evidence from Over, Lower Great
Ouse Valley
Cydney Stasiulis (Division of Archaeology)
The Atlantic Wall and French Heritage: a
Comparative Analysis of Three French Sites
Yingwen Tao (Division of Archaeology)
Analysing Urban Living Heritage in China: the
Case of the Sijie Historic District in Nantong
Valerie Teh (Division of Archaeology)
Towards Artchaeology? Interdisciplinary
Engagements between Contemporary Western
Archaeology and Art at the British School at
Rome, the University of Cambridge, and the
Stonehenge Riverside Project
Helena Hunt (Faculty of Classics)

An Eternal Youth? Commemorating Children
in Roman Funerary Art
Daniel Turner (Division of Archaeology)

Early Medieval Earthwork Enclosures in the
British Isles: Comparative Labour Costs in the
Insular Scandinavian Context
Hallvard Indgjerd (Faculty of Classics)

Whose Images Images for Whom: the
Agency of Late Archaic Sympotic Pottery
Josephine Warren (Division of Archaeology)

Urban Development in Towns in Eastern
England in the 11th and 12th centuries ad
Ken Ishikawa (Division of Archaeology)

Practical Defense or Materialization of
Power: Contextualizing Fortifications During
the Solanki Period
Marta Wojtowicz (Division of Archaeology)

Southern Mesopotamia between City-states and
an Empire: Tracking the Transition from the Early
Dynastic to the Old Akkadian Period in Texts and
Archaeology
Andrea Koenker (Division of Archaeology)

Authority and Collaboration in the
ImagiNATIONS Activity Center at the
National Museum of the American Indian
Anne Kraak (Division of Archaeology)
Zwarte Piet: a Racist Heritage?
Barbora Wouters (Division of Archaeology)

A Micromorphological Approach to Early
Medieval Towns and Trading Places: the Case
Study of Viking-age Kaupang, Norway
Hannah Zukswert (Division of Archaeology)
New Approaches to Isotopic Analysis of Small
Bones: Optimization of Collagen Extraction for
Sub-500 mg Bone Samples
13
About us
Master of Philosophy (MPhil) Degrees

MPhil in Archaeology
The Division of Archaeology offers four MPhil
degrees. Our emphasis at the MPhil level is researchled teaching, so that staff and students interact in
lectures, seminars, and practicals with the aims of
mastering the basics of theory and method, while
at the same time engaging students as participants
in ongoing research projects. Our MPhil courses
allow flexibility in tailoring taught courses to a
students specific interests. Small student numbers
facilitate regular contact between students and
staff in seminars, while the McDonald Institute for
Archaeological Research hosts a wide range of
research seminars, discussion groups and facilitates
interaction within a diverse postgraduate and
postdoctoral research environment.
We welcome applications for the MPhil degrees
outlined below and described in detail on our web
page (http://www.arch.cam.ac.uk/admissions/
masters-mphil-archaeology/). Applications can be
submitted from October until 30 June for entry in the
following academic year (which begins each year on
1 October). Early application (by mid-December) is
encouraged, particularly if the applicant is applying
for funding, as earlier deadlines will apply. Currently
our MPhil courses run from 1 October31 August,
with the summer months (July and August) devoted
to writing the dissertation, required of all MPhil
students.
1. Master of Philosophy (MPhil) in Archaeology
Archaeological Heritage and Museums
Archaeological Science
Archaeology of the Americas
Egyptian Archaeology
European Prehistory
Medieval Archaeology
Mesopotamian Archaeology
Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Archaeology
South Asian Archaeology
MPhil in Archaeology (course option not initially specified)
2. MPhil in Archaeological Research
3. MPhil in Egyptology
4. MPhil in Assyriology
14
MPhil in Classics
The Faculty of Classics offers this self-contained
course to give students the opportunity to undertake
focused research under close supervision, and to
acquire or develop skills and expertise relevant to
their research interests. Students learn to formulate
a realistic research proposal and prepare written
work to a strict timetable, whilst broadening their
appreciation of the principal issues that shape a
given field, and encouraging them to develop
insights which might form the basis of an original
contribution to the debates in question.
Students may learn Greek and/or Latin to
elementary level and acquire the basics of related
ancient and modern languages relevant to their
principal field of interest to a standard adequate for
research purposes.
At weekly graduate seminars, students present
their own work for discussion with senior and junior
members of the Faculty. Where relevant, students are
provided teaching in a range of technical/specialist
subjects central to research in a particular field, from
which they can base some of their essay work, or opt
to be examined formally on the knowledge acquired.
Admittance can be purely for an MPhil, with the
option during the year of applying to continue with a
PhD; to be admitted for a PhD, with the requirement
that an MPhil is taken in the first year; or to be
admitted for a PhD having opted to take an MPhil in
the first year.
The primary focus must be on one of the following
six subject areas, around which teaching in the
Faculty of Classics is organized:
(A) Literature
(B) Philosophy
(C) History
(D) Art and Archaeology
(E) Linguistics
(X) Interdisciplinary approaches to the ancient world
Information about assessment procedures and
other details can be found at http://www.classics.
cam.ac.uk/admissions/graduate_courses/mphil_in_
classics/.
Laboratories
Glyn Daniel Laboratory for Archaeogenetics

The main focus of research in the archaeogenetics
laboratory is on questions relating to the origins and
spread of agriculture in the human past. Laboratory
members are working on these topics through
a variety of projects which involve many interinstitutional and inter-disciplinary collaborations.
The Laboratory Director, Prof. Martin Jones,
postdoctoral research associates Dr Harriet Hunt
and Dr Diane Lister, research technician Catherine
Kneale, together with laboratory visitors and project
students, are undertaking the genetic research that is
a major strand of the Food Globalization in Prehistory
project (see p. 38), aiming to elucidate the routes and
causal mechanisms that drove the spread of cereal
crops across Eurasia.
Harriet Hunt has completed and published two
major papers on the genetics of broomcorn millet,
demonstrating the routes of spread of this ancient
cereal from its Chinese homeland and the evidence
for ancient evolutionary selection for culinary grain
Giedre motuzaite matuzeviciute
martiN JoNes
Barley landraces collected from Gansu Province,

China. Germplasm for genetic study mainly comes
from various germplasm collections; however, some
material is field collected. These ears are of naked
barley, which is an important staple across the
Tibetan plateau.
texture. She is now researching how humans have
shaped the genetics of another millet species, foxtail,
and recently visited one of the worlds principal
foxtail millet collections at the Vavilov Research
Institutes Kuban experimental station in southern
Russia.
olGa romaNova
Diane Listers research concentrates on the

spread of the southwest Asian crops, barley and
wheat, into east Asia. She has assembled over
400 barley landraces from all over Eurasia and
is currently analysing microsatellite markers by
population genetics methods, which will reveal
the broad-scale relationships between barley
populations in different geographical regions. She
is also investigating variants in genes involved
in environmental adaptation in barley landraces
and historic herbarium material. Diane has also
been working with Anubha Pathak (Banaras Hindu
University, Varanasi), on the relationship between
spherical-grained wheats found in India today and
in the archaeobotanical record in China, using both
genetic and archaeobotanical methodologies.
Harriet Hunt visiting the Vavilov Institutes Kuban field station in

southern Russia. One of the worlds most important collections of
foxtail millet landraces is held in Kuban and regenerated through
regular cycles of planting and harvesting.
15
Laboratories
Dr Hugo Oliveira was awarded an Isaac Newton

Fellowship Grant to develop the analysis of
modern and historic wheat landraces he
undertook during his PhD. He has been focusing
on the evolution of tetraploid wheats (durum and
emmer) using a combination of genetic markers
such as microsatellites and single-nucleotidepolymorphism to study population structure,
routes of introduction and genes that might be
involved in the process of the crops adaptation
to new environments. Hugo has now taken up a
postdoctoral position at the University of Linkoping,
Sweden, working with Dr Jenny Hagenblad on the
genetic diversity of historical seed collections, with
a particular focus on rye.
The laboratory has hosted two visiting scholars from
China for collaborative research projects. Dr Dawei
Cai (Jilin University), funded by the China Scholarship
Council, joined us for a years visit during which
time he worked with Diane Lister on the analysis of
flowering-time genes in barley. Dr Hongen Jiang
(Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing) has recently joined the lab for a sixmonth stay, funded by a Research Scholarship under
the Central Asia programme of the Gerda Henkel
Foundation. He is studying genetic techniques and
undertaking ancient DNA studies of desiccated
cereals from northwest China in collaboration with
laboratory members.
The laboratory has contributed to theoretical and
practical teaching on the undergraduate and
MPhil Archaeological Science courses. Emily Ryley
completed a training project as part of her final year
16
XiNyi liu
Visiting scholar Dr Hongen Jiang

(Graduate University of the Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing) setting
up amplification reactions with millet
DNA in the Glyn Daniel Laboratory for
Archaeogenetics.
Honours (Part IIB) work. Over the summer vacation,

we hosted Ben Tickner, a sixth-form student from
Neale-Wade Community College in March, for
a project supported by the Nuffield Foundation
Science Bursaries in Schools and Colleges scheme.
The following funding sources are gratefully acknowledged:
European Research Council (ERC), Royal Society, Isaac Newton
Trust, Gerda Heckel Foundation, Spanish National Research
Council (CSIC), China Scholarship Council.
STAFF
Prof. Martin Jones (Laboratory Director)
Catherine Kneale (Research Technician)
Postdoctoral Researchers
Dr Harriet Hunt (Assistant Director)
Dr Diane Lister
Dr Hugo Oliveira
Project Students
Emily Ryley
Ben Tickner (Nuffield)
Visiting Scholars
Dr Dawei Cai (Jilin University)
Dr Hongen Jiang (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing)
Anubha Pathak (Banarus Hindu University, Varanasi)
Laboratories
Dorothy Garrod Isotope Laboratory

tamsiN ocoNNell
Tamsin OConnell continued her collaborations with

nutritionists and epidemiologists at the University of Reading
and the MRC-Epidemiology Unit in Cambridge, examining
the potential of isotopic signals to act as nutritional
biomarkers in human diet. The collaboration has led to the
first published study on measuring the nitrogen isotopic
offset in humans on known and controlled diets, with
significant implications for palaeodietary isotopic studies.
In November 2011, Rhiannon Stevens co-organized a
very successful Royal Society Theo Murphy Scientific
meeting with Martin Jones. Held at the Kavli Royal Society
International Centre, it drew over 40 international researchers
together for intensive cross-disciplinary debate on the
subject of Early Anatomically Modern Humans in Eurasia:
Coping with Climatic Complexity. In the summer of 2012,
Rhiannon began a new collaboration with Dr Ana Beln
(Division of Biological Anthropology and University of
Cantabria) on a project which is investigating the effect of
climatic and geographic variability on human economic
behaviour during the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition
in the Cantabrian region and Serbia.
Susanne Hakenbeck was appointed as a new McDonald
Anniversary Fellow in October 2011. Her research project
investigates interactions of nomadic-pastoralists and settled
farmers across the former Roman frontier in early medieval
Hungary, focusing on isotope analysis and burial practices
(see p. 28). She is collaborating with the Hungarian Natural
History Museum. A successful research trip to different
sites in Budapest, early in 2012, yielded a large number of
samples which she is currently analysing.
Louise Butterworth has been working with Tamsin OConnell,
David Orton and James Barrett on an isotopic study of cod
bones to investigate medieval trading networks (see p. 33).
She also took over as Divisional Biological Safety Officer and
Departmental Radiation Protection Supervisor.
The laboratorys focus on isotopic studies in central and east
Asia has continued through the work of Xinyi Liu, Emma
Lightfoot and Giedre Motuzaite Matuzeviciute, who work on
FOGLIP and related projects (see p. 38). Xinyi Liu has been
analysing archaeological bones and plants from various
regions of China, with two main questions: what is the earliest
evidence of wheat and barley consumption in East Asia,
and what is the real dietary relationship between humans,
dora kemp
Members of the Dorothy Garrod Laboratory use isotope

analysis to investigate questions about the palaeoclimate,
palaeoenvironment, ecology, nutrition, diet, provenance
and origin of our human ancestors and their interaction with
plants and animals.
animals and plants in north China during the Neolithic? Emma

Lightfoot is beginning her isotopic analyses of animal teeth to
reconstruct the climate around archaeological sites in Gansu
province, China. Her aim is to study the impact of climate upon
past crop-distribution patterns and thus to gain an insight
into human response to environmental change, providing
climatic data that are directly related to the archaeological
record. Working with Emma, Giedre Motuzaite Matuzeviciute
has begun the isotopic analysis of human and animal bones
from Bronze and Iron Age sites in the region, to find out about
geographical and temporal changes in human diet during
these periods, with a focus on when the signal of C4 plants
(such as millet) becomes evident in humans. During her
fieldwork in the region, she presented a talk on her work and
the FOGLIP project at Karaganda State University, Kazakhstan.
Between them, Xinyi, Emma and Giedre have been on
fieldwork in Kazakhstan, Tibet, Sichuan and Gansu during this
past year.
Ronika Power joined the Dorothy Garrod Isotope Laboratory
in June 2012, working as a postdoctoral researcher with
Tamsin OConnell and Marta Mirazn Lahr on the ERC-funded
Trans-Sahara Project. This collaborative research venture
between the Universities of Cambridge and Leicester seeks to
establish a biocultural profile for the Garamantes, the ancient
civilization of Libya, who flourished in the Sahara Desert
between 1000 Bc and ad 1500. The project will particularly
focus on population mobility, as revealed through isotopic
analyses of individuals buried in Garamantian cemeteries,
combined with craniometric studies to determine
geographical affinity.
Hazel Reade completed the data collection for her PhD on
palaeoclimate studies through isotopic analysis of animal
teeth. To add to her samples of American and Libyan Barbary
sheep, she has now gathered material from Egypt and Tenerife,
initiating several international collaborations and gaining an
intricate knowledge of import bureaucracy in the process. Amy
Prendergast has also been working hard at finishing her data
analysis, with a stint at the Research School of Earth Sciences,
Australian National University in October 2011 to undertake
17
Laboratories
mtaz al-zWeyi
Kate Boulden began her NERC-funded PhD research on a

biogeoarchaeological examination of agricultural practices in
later prehistoric southern Britain, combining isotopic analyses
with geoarchaeology. In September, she attended a NERC
course on Statistics for the Environment, learning how to
statistically model environmental relationships, which will
enable her to understand better the causation of variability
within her own data. She has also been on fieldwork in the
Outer Hebrides and Hampshire over the last year. Tiago
Hermenegildo has continued his doctoral research into
subsistence practices in the prehistoric Amazon. A major
challenge for such research is sample preservation, but
Tiago has managed to successfully obtain collagen from a
large number of samples, enabling a consideration of early
potential domestication of waterfowl. He has undertaken
fieldwork in Brazilian Amazonia. Alex Pryor has continued
to work within the laboratory since completing his PhD,
focusing on preparing publications from his research on the
human response to climate change in Upper Palaeolithic
Europe. He has also worked on palaeodietary isotopic analysis
of human bone from commercial excavations at the medieval
port town of New Romney in Kent, run by the Canterbury
Archaeological Trust.
Laboratory members have travelled far and wide to

many countries for academic meetings including the
UK, USA, Germany, China and Kazakhstan. They have
presented their work at a wide variety of archaeological,
palaeoclimatological and isotopic conferences and
workshops, including the EAA in Helsinki, the IsoEcol
conference in France, the 2012 International Symposium
on Archaeometry, Leuven, Belgium, the 5th International
Symposium on Biomolecular Archeology, Beijing, China,
2012, the British Association for Biological Anthropology
and Osteoarchaeology annual meeting, the Palaeolithic
Mesolithic conference at the British Museum, the Early
Farmers conference in Cardiff, and the QRA annual
discussion meeting. Members have also organized
exhibits for Science Day and the Festival of Ideas, and
guided outreach visits to the laboratories and Duckworth
Laboratory for the Sutton Trust and other charities.
The following funding sources are gratefully acknowledged: Wellcome
Trust, Royal Society, European Research Council, EC FP7, Newton Trust,
AHRC, Brazilian Government, Society for Libyan Studies, Santander
Universities Travel Fund, Rae & Edith Bennett Travelling Scholarship Fund,
Conchological Society for Great Britain and Ireland, Quaternary Research
Association, the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research,
NERC, Darwin College, Gates Cambridge Trust, Past Global ChangesInternational Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, and Leverhulme Trust.
STAFF
Dr Tamsin OConnell (Laboratory Director)
Dr Rhiannon Stevens (Royal Society Fellow)
Mrs Louise Butterworth (Research Technician)
Dr Emma Lightfoot
Dr Xinyi Liu
Dr Ronika Power
Dr Alex Pryor
Dr Mary Anne Tafuri
PhD Research Students

Kate Boulden
Lauren Cadwallader
Tiago Hermenegildo
Amy Prendergast
Hazel Reade
(Left) Amy Prendergast collecting modern land snails in Cyrenaica, Libya, for an
isotope validation study. (Right) Libyan students assisting with sorting the snails.
18
amy preNderGast
ICP-MS analysis of mollusc shells from the site of Haua Fteah

(see p. 41). She returned with the team to Libya in AprilMay
2012 to complete her fieldwork there including the collection
of modern land snails in a transect across the Jebel Akhdar.
Lauren Cadwallader has continued her research into the ways
in which the pre-Columbian populations of Peru interacted
with their landscape and used food as a social medium.
Through isotopic analysis of multiple tissues and use of
ecological modelling, she has identified specialist consumers
with different diets in the Middle Horizon population, which
previously have not been visible in the archaeological record.
Hazel, Amy and Lauren are all now in the process of writing up
their research for publication and for their PhD theses.
Laboratories
Charles McBurney
Geoarchaeology Laboratory
charles FreNch
There are several pieces of good news about

graduate students from the laboratory. I am
very pleased to say that Heejin Lee has now
been successfully awarded her PhD and has
secured a part-time lectureship in her home
city of Seoul, South Korea. Robyn Inglis has also
successfully completed her PhD and has a threeyear postdoctoral fellowship in the Department
of Archaeology, University of York, working with
Professor Geoff Bailey. Yijie Zhuang has begun a
postdoctoral fellowship in Chinese Archaeology at
Merton College, Oxford, and Dr Federica Sulas has
been awarded a postdoctoral fellowship with the
Department of Archaeology and Anthropology at
the University of Pretoria.
Tonko Rajkovaa has been the consultant
archaeologist on behalf of Ove Arup Partners
International Ltd for the Corridor X (E 75 and E 80
motorway routes) through southern Serbia.This
has involved coordinating and monitoring the
archaeological response to the destruction of
the archaeological record by the building of the
motorway. A number of very important Neolithic
and Roman sites have been discovered and fully
excavated as part of the development process. This
has been a grand-scale project with successful cooperation between Serbian archaeologists, curators
and road contractors. Tonko has also been involved
with fieldwork in Bosnia for Dr Marie Louise Srensens
EU-funded project Cultural Heritage and the
Reconstruction of Identities after Conflict (CRIC) which
is investigating the destruction of cultural heritage
during armed conflict and its role in post-conflict
reconstruction in Europe. He has also conducted
archaeological fieldwork with a number of colleagues
in the Sava River basin of central Bosnia (see p. 27).
toNko raJkovaa
News and people

This past year has seen a good number of visiting
scholars and students playing a significant role in the
life of the laboratory in addition to the large resident
cohort of Cambridge MPhil and PhD students.
These included Dr Arnald Puy from the University of
Barcelona, Dr Carlos Cardineau from the University
of Madrid, Dr Ravindra Singh from Banarus Hindu
University in Varanasi, India, and Dr Hai Zhang from
Beijing University in China. Dr Richard Macphail from
University College, London, has also given a number
of invited micromorphological research seminars
to the lab members and archaeological science
students of all levels.
The Early Neolithic site of Pavlovac-Gumniste, excavated by

Dr Slavisa Peric, near Vranje, south Serbia.
Laboratory members have attended a number
of geoarchaeological and micromorphological
workshops and conferences around the world,
such as TAG in Birmingham and Durham, and the
European Association of Archaeologists congress
in Helsinki, Finland. The laboratory director has also
given invited papers at the Universities of Tbingen
and Barcelona.
Project news
A number of major projects associated with
the laboratory have been both completed and
begun this year. A large measure of this is due
to the efficiency and hard work of Tonko on the
technical front. These include the completion of
the first phase of the Land, Water and Settlement
project in Haryana, northwestern India, with Dr
Cameron Petrie, Dr Ravindra Singh and Sayanatani
Neogi (see p. 39), and the Herm Island project
with Professor Chris Scarre of Durham University,
Dr Rob Scaife from Southampton University and
Gary Marriner. Numerous (22) geoarchaeological
and micromorphological reports have been
19
charles FreNch
Laboratories
Possible first-millennium ad irrigated and terraced field systems at the Villa Alta near Santiago de Chocorvos, Peru.
completed by the laboratory director for a number
of Cambridge Archaeological Unit projects such as
Must Farm, Sutton Gault, Babraham Research Centre
and Trumpington Meadows in Cambridgeshire,
as well as further afield in the UK at Ham Hill in
Somerset, Uley in Gloucestershire, Monkton in Dorset
and Ha-Breck in Orkney, and abroad at Sofiana in
Sicily, Marsal in France, and Zecovi and Koievo in
Bosnia (see p. 27). New geoarchaeological project
work has been embarked upon in the Ica River
valley of southern Peru (see p. 40) and the Sofiana
area of south-central Sicily (see p. 29). The fieldwork
in Sicily by Charles French and Dr Federica Sulas
has suggested severe consequences of landscape
change related to the development of Roman and
early medieval Sofiana (see p. 29). The upper part
of the adjacent Vallone del Canonico exhibits the
long-term aggradation of eroded soil material into
a shallow valley as a consequence of arable farming
on the immediately surrounding gentle slopes,
both before and after the main use of the Roman
town of Sofiana. The northern downstream slopes
of the Vallone del Canonico are much steeper and
are very denuded. They exhibit at least two very
different field systems, one of which is suspected
to be pre-early medieval and one early medieval
in date. The valley fill and incision sequence in the
River Noriara valley to the north appears to capture
much of the Holocene soil and erosion record for
this sub-region. These sequences will require future
20
detailed stratigraphic, chronological and palynological

investigations to provide long-term landscape and
land-use sequencing of this study region.
AHRC, British Academy, European Commission (EC FP7), Hanson
Aggregates/Cambridge Archaeological Unit, Leverhulme Trust,
McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Ove Arup
Partners International Ltd, UKIERI/British Council.
STAFF
Dr Charles French (Laboratory Director)
Tonko Rajkovaa (Chief Research Technician)
Kate Boulden
Heejin Lee
Pedro Goncalves Sayantani Neogi
Katie Hall
Clea Paine
Robyn Inglis
Paul van Pelt
MPhil Research Students
Patrycja Kupiec
Daisy Spencer
Barbora Wouters
Miranda Semple
Sean Taylor
Yijie Zhuang
Affiliated Researchers
Dr Andrea Balbo (ICREA, Barcelona)
Gary Marriner
Visiting Scholars
Dr Carlos Cardineau (University of Madrid)
Dr Arnold Puy (University of Barcelona)
Dr Ravindra Singh (Banarus Hindu University)
Dr Federica Sulas (University of Pretoria)
Dr Hai Zhang (Beijing University)
Laboratories
prestoN miracle
The Grahame Clark Zooarchaeology Laboratory is home

to researchers working on various aspects of animal
remains including palaeodietary and palaeoenvironmental
reconstruction, animal domestication, taphonomy and
symbolic aspects of faunal remains. In addition, the
laboratory includes researchers working on human skeletal
material from historic and prehistoric contexts.
The academic year of 20112012 was yet again a
productive one for the laboratory. Two long-standing lab
members, Jane Sanford and Pa Spry-Marqus, will don
hoods this autumn and add Dr in front of their names, and
we extend very warm congratulations to both of them.
Suzanne Pilaar Birch submitted her doctoral dissertation
at the beginning of September and will be taking up
a postdoctoral position at the Joukowsky Institute for
Archaeology and the Ancient World at Brown University
(USA), starting in January 2013. Best of luck for the future!
The laboratory itself is looking better than ever, thanks
in particular to Tony Legge and Christopher Stimpson
(assisted by Yiru Wang and Minghao Lin) who rewired,
repackaged and relabelled reference specimens on the
bone board. Our virtual appearance has also had a much
appreciated makeover, with a new and improved website
(http://www.arch.cam.ac.uk/clark/) thanks primarily to the
efforts of Jo Appleby and Pa Spry-Marqus.
Ryan Rabett (McDonald Research

Fellow) continued to lead excavations
in Vietnam. He participated in, and
directed fieldwork at the Haua
Fteah, Libya and published a major
book, Human Adaptation in the Asian
Palaeolithic: Hominin Dispersal and
Behaviour during the Late Quaternary,
with Cambridge University Press.
Christopher Stimpson has kept busy with fieldwork at a
variety of prehistoric sites (Vietnam, Libya, Ukraine). He helped
catalogue and curate reference collections in the laboratory,
and continued with research on small vertebrates from
sites in Vietnam, Croatia and beyond. We are very pleased
to welcome Dr Ldia Colominas-Barber who, in January,
started a two-year postdoctoral fellowship on changes in
animal husbandry practices between the Iron Age and
Roman periods in the Mediterranean basin. In particular she
is focusing on the relations between animal mobility and
changes in animal morphology. David Orton continues to
work with James Barrett on the medieval fish trade, taking
him from Ireland to Latvia in the last year. Meanwhile, a
new University of Cambridge-funded project exploring the
potential of zooarchaeological evidence for contemporary
wildlife conservation culminated in a workshop at the
McDonald Institute in July (see p. 51). David is also leading a
NERC-RF radiocarbon-dating project on the disappearance
of villages at the end of the Serbian Neolithic (with Thilo
Rehren at UCL) and conducted his usual summer fieldwork at
atalhyk West Mound, Turkey.
Jessica Rippengal, in addition to normal duties, has continued

Preston Miracle continued with ongoing projects in
her work with Access Cambridge Archaeology, introducing
the Balkans. In Bosnia-Herzegovina he directed a third
the study of animal bones to 1014 year-olds as part of the
season of excavations at Rastua Cave in JuneJuly 2012,
Discovery Day courses. She has supervised digging trenches
focusing on the Middle Palaeolithic layers. One unexpected
and interesting discovery was an
accumulation of rhinoceros bones and
teeth. In September 2012 he returned
to the site of Vela Spila on Korula
Island (Croatia) for a third season, this
time focusing on post-excavation
analyses of material excavated in
20102011. In addition, excavations in
one trench revealed a clear sequence
spanning the Mesolithic and Late
Upper Palaeolithic periods. A mostly
Croatian team was bolstered by Pa
Spry-Marqus who put in long hours
on the faunal remains. A major article
about the Late Upper Palaeolithic
ceramic figurines (Rebecca Farbstein,
lead author) generated significant
media attention, including coverage in
the New York Times with a photograph
of Preston pondering a profile from
Vela Spila.
Preston Miracle taking notes at Vela Spila, Croatia.
21
aNa GraBuNdiJa
Grahame Clark
Zooarchaeology Laboratory
with community volunteers for excavations at Bures

(Managing a Masterpiece) and with sixth-form students
and the Cambridge Field Archaeology Group at Ridley
Hall. She has also helped with the HEFA programme
and a project with Red2Green at Swaffham Bulbeck
involving autistic adults working alongside local
children (see p. 49). Vida Rajkovaa (Zooarchaeologist,
CAU) analysed one of the most substantial prehistoric
assemblages from the region from the site of
Trumpington Meadows. The staggering 350 kg of
bone includes remains from two Late Neolithic
double-ring ditches, a large Early Iron Age settlement,
and from several Anglo-Saxon grubenhuser (grubhuts). Natasha Dodwell (Osteoarchaeologist, CAU) has
also been kept busy at the Trumpington Meadows
site studying a Neolithic triple burial, Iron Age bodies
in pits and a Saxon bed burial. She has also worked on
material from numerous sites in East Anglia including
400 late medieval skeletons from the cemetery of the
Hospital of St John the Evangelist.
Tina Greenfield
excavating a Late
Assyrian grave
(complete with grave
goods, metal swords,
and cylinder seals),
found underneath
the floor of an elite
house in the lower
town of Ziyaret Tepe,
Turkey.
lJuBica srdi
In addition to finishing her PhD (The Adriatic Plain: a

Last Glacial Maximum Human Refugium?), Pa Spry-Marqus
attended the EAA conference in Helsinki and helped code
faunal remains excavated at Vela Spila, Croatia. Jane Sanford
finished her PhD (Shipping Sheep: a Zooarchaeology of
Greek Colonisation) and worked on faunal assemblages
from Croatia, Greece and the UK. Suzanne Pilaar Birch
(Gates Scholar) submitted her PhD dissertation (Human
Adaptations to Climate Change and Sea Level Rise at the
PleistoceneHolocene Transition in the Northeastern
Adriatic) and organized a very successful conference,
Integrating Zooarchaeology and Stable Isotope Analyses
held at the McDonald Institute in June 2012. The conference
proceedings will be published as the March 2013 special
issue of Archaeological and Anthropological Science. Rosalind
Wallduck (Domestic Research Studentship) is in the final
stages of writing up her PhD on the taphonomic analysis of
Mesolithic and Neolithic postmortem body manipulation in
the Danube Gorges, Serbia. She recently presented a poster
at the ESHE conference in Bordeaux on cut-marked human
remains from the Danube Gorges (co-author Silvia Bello,
Natural History Museum, London). Van Pigtain is in his third
year of PhD research on the analysis of human remains in
the Viking Age and medieval North Atlantic. Brittany Walsh
is starting the third year of
her PhD on the taphonomy
and palaeoecology of small
vertebrates from Haua
Fteah Cave (Libya) as part
of the TRANS-NAP Project.
Tina Greenfield is starting
22
A rhinoceros tooth (upper

premolar) from Rastua
Cave, Bosnia-Herzegovina.
courtesy oF the ziyaret tepe archaeoloGical eXpeditioN
Laboratories
her third year of PhD research on the provisioning of animal

resources within a frontier city of the Assyrian Empire (Ziyaret
Tepe, southeast Turkey). This past summer she worked at
the site analysing Late Assyrian remains and also at the site
of Tell es-Safi in Israel where she investigated Early Bronze
Age neighbourhoods. Two second-year PhD students spent
the summer investigating faunal remains at sites in China.
Minghao Lin focused on modern and archaeological cattle
remains from northern Chinese sites for his research on the
use of cattle as draft animals in Chinese prehistory. Yiru Wang
collected zooarchaeological data from sites in southwestern
China for her PhD on ovi-caprine husbandry in the Chinese
Neolithic and Bronze Age.
The following funding sources are gratefully acknowledged: British
Academy, European Commission (EC FP7), Leverhulme Trust,
McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Gates Cambridge
Trust, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada,
Trinity Hall, St Johns College, The Fishmongers Company.
STAFF
Dr Preston Miracle (Laboratory Director)
Jessica Rippengal (Zooarchaeology and Chief Technician)
Dr Jo Appleby
Dr David Orton
Dr Katherine Boyle
Dr Ryan Rabett
Natasha Dodwell
Vida Rajkovaa
Prof. Tony Legge
Dr Krish Seetah
Dr Christopher Stimpson (Assistant Laboratory Manager)
Paul Ewonus
Van Pigtain
Tina Greenfield
Suzanne Pilaar Birch
David Klingle
Jane Sanford
Minghao Lin
Pa Spry-Marqus
Rosalind Wallduck
Brittany Walsh
Yiru Wang
Laboratories
George Pitt-Rivers
Bioarchaeology Laboratory
martiN JoNes
The laboratory is pleased to host the new

Departmental Desktop Scanning-Electron
Microscope (Hitachi TM3000). This device provides
a flexible, non-destructive interface for investigating
biological tissues and material culture. We anticipate
a wide range of uses for studying plant tissues and
fibres, the enamel structure of teeth, bone cut marks
and tool microwear. Louise Butterworth, Dr Rachel
Ballantyne and Dr Tamsin OConnell worked together
on the procurement of this new microscope. Louise
continued to expand the laboratorys herbarium and
seed reference collections, so that they encompass
world economic plants in addition to the current
strengths in cereals and northwest European flora.
Rachels research on Ecological Correlates of Viking
Age State Formation (see p. 34) included the analysis
of charred plant remains from excavations in Orkney
and Norway. She also continued work with the
Portus Project (Universities of Southampton and
Cambridge) in collaboration with Prof. Martin Jones
and Dr Evi Margaritis (British School at Athens).
The laboratory continues to host developer-funded
archaeology with the work of Anne de Vareilles.
Excavations at Trumpington Meadows were the
highlight of 2012, from which 4819 litres of soil were
floated, covering an area of 6.1 ha. The site included
a Neolithic ring-ditch, and important Iron Age
settlement and an Anglo-Saxon cemetery. Macrofossils from all three periods have revealed intriguing
information on the land-use and economy of South
Cambridgeshires past populations.
Drs Xinyi Liu and Giedre Motuzaite Matuzeviciute
examined crop remains from across Eurasia within
the FOGLIP and PPAC projects (see p. 38). Dr Alex
Pryor worked on the Moravian Gate project. He
used scanning electron microscopy to photograph
pieces of archaeological parenchyma from Doln
Vstonice II, comparing them with modern reference
samples to investigate the possible consumption
of plant underground storage organs in the Upper
Palaeolithic.
martiN JoNes
The George Pitt-Rivers Laboratory supports

research into early food, economic plants, and
the environmental context of human subsistence.
Current research draws on macrofossils and
microfossils, and includes growing numbers of
multiproxy analyses requiring close liaison with the
other laboratories.
The FOGLIP team searching for Neolithic sites in Sichuan Province, China.
PhD student Kate Connell continued analysing lithic
microwear and residues, in particular starch grains,
for her research based upon assemblages from Haua
Fteah, Libya (see p. 41). Shawn ODonnell investigated
long-term human ecological histories as part of the
Cultured Rainforest project led by Prof. Graeme Barker
and colleagues. Shawn also collaborated with Dr
Helen Lewis (University College Dublin), Dr Victor Paz
and colleagues (ASP University of the Phillippines),
participating in their excavations at Ille Cave,
Palawan. His recent fieldwork in highland Borneo and
northern Palawan has generated an initial data set of
microfossils and macrofossils for assessment. Cynthia
Larbey studied charcoal evidence from Vela Spila Cave
in Croatia. She found a distinct change in the choice
of wood as fuel between the Mesolithic and Neolithic
that implies a gradual climate change.
We welcome our new PhD student Jennifer Bates
to the laboratory. She has begun to investigate
subsistence patterns at village sites in northwest
India as part of the Land, Water, Settlement Project,
a collaborative effort between the University of
Cambridge and Banaras Hindu University, co-directed
by Dr Cameron Petrie and Dr Ravindra Singh (see p.
39). Her research, funded by the AHRC, is exploring
macrobotanical and phytolith remains from six sites
across Rajasthan and Haryana to see if there were
changes in agricultural strategies during the periods of
urbanization and deurbanization associated with the
Indus Civilization.
23
Laboratories
Dr David Beresford-Jones continued

his work on the Moravian Gate project
which is investigating the human
ecology of Upper Palaeolithic huntergatherers moving northward during
the periglacial period. Together with
Paul Heggarty, he undertook research
for the project Cross-disciplinary
Prehistory: Converging Perspectives
from Language, Archaeology and
Genes which is based at the Max Planck
Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
in Leipzig. Details about his other work
on the Leverhulme-funded One River
Project can be found on page 40 of this
report.
This past year Dr Chris Hunt joined
the laboratory as visiting scholar. Chris
worked on a wide range of projects
Ancient agricultural terracing, now abandoned, at Santiago de Chocorvos, on the
whilst on sabbatical leave from his
lectureship at Queens University Belfast, upper Ro Ica, Peru.
most notably the Haua Fteah project (see
p. 41) in liaison with Prof. Graeme Barker.
AHRC, Darwin College Cambridge, ERC, Leverhulme Trust,
McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Newton
Trust, Northwest University, China, University of Oslo.
Anubha Pathak of the Banaras Hindu University,

Varanasi, India, visited the McDonald Institute for a
total of five months in 20112012. She studied Indian
dwarf (or shot) wheat. In particular, she examined
the relationship between this type of wheat found
in India today, and a similar morphological type
found in the archaeobotanical record of China. This
research included measuring grains of modern and
archaeobotanical sphaerococcoid-type wheats.
STAFF
Prof. Martin Jones (Laboratory Director)
Louise Butterworth (Research Technician)
Anne de Vareilles (Cambridge Archaeological Unit)
Dr Rachel Ballantyne
Dr David Beresford-Jones
Dr Xinyi Liu
Dr Alex Pryor
Jennifer Bates
Kate Connell
Shawn ODonnell
MPhil Students
Cynthia Larbey
dora kemp
Visiting Scholars
Dr Chris Hunt (Queens University Belfast)
Anubha Pathak (Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi)
24
Louise Butterworth demonstrating the laboratorys

new desktop scanning-electron microscope.
david BeresFord-JoNes
Laboratories
Laboratories
Material Culture Laboratory

20112012 saw the first full year of activity for
the Material Culture Laboratory. The laboratory is
intended to provide postgraduates, postdoctoral
researchers and staff with a base for their research
on material culture as well as to provide a forum
for theoretical discussion of the material lives of
humans. Membership of the laboratory group
is open to anyone interested in material culture
within the Division, the Department and the wider
academic community. Members research interests
range from Palaeolithic cave art to the modern
use of material culture in museums and political
identities. A wide range of topics are covered
such as art, cognition, social landscape knowledge,
technology, identity and heritage.
Several seminar series were associated directly or
tangentially with the Material Culture Laboratory in
the 20112012 academic year. A weekly postgraduate
seminar series was held Friday mornings during
Michaelmas and Lent terms offering a systematic
introduction to material culture theory in archaeology,
with staff and participating students presenting
readings covering central issues and case studies.
Laboratory meetings were held every other Friday
during term. All members were expected to present
their work in progress and the laboratory meetings
provided an informal forum for members to get
helpful and positive critique and advice. Several
special seminars were held over the year and included
guest members, such as Tim Flohr Srensen (Aarhus
University) and Kate Spielmann (Arizona State
University). The laboratory also arranged practical
sessions for members on specific techniques for
material culture analysis, including introductions to
artefact drawing and basic artefact photography.
The laboratory also offers a venue for discussion and
limited hot-desking facilities for PhD and postdoctoral
members. It is equipped with computer hardware and
software, a photo kit, digital microscopes, and a library
of core works on material culture. All the equipment is
freely available for staff and students to use.
20112012 was a successful year for the laboratory.
The creation of a distinct space and group dedicated
to the understanding of material culture and its interlinkage within social worlds has provided a network
and forum for students and staff alike. Members
have attended numerous specialist and international
conferences, been supported in publishing aspects
of their research and have been interviewed on the
BBC regarding their research. We intend to continue
and broaden our range of activities and events
JohN roBB
JohN roBB & elizaBeth demarrais
Rock art from Tanum, southern Sweden.

and it is exciting that the postgraduate community in
the laboratory is taking an increasingly dominant role in
organizing our activities. For 20122013, the postgraduate
community is establishing an evening material culture
theory group and we plan to have several workshop days
with invited researchers from other disciplines to discuss
the varied ways we can understand material culture.
Throughout the year we have expanded our network to
include members from different departments and faculties.
As we become established within the Department of
Archaeology and Anthropology and the university, we are
seeing our membership grow and diversify in positive and
exciting ways.
The following funding sources are gratefully acknowledged: SRIF
(Strategic Research Infrastructure Fund), AHRC, EC FP7, Social
Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, Gates
Cambridge Trust, Wellcome Trust, the Division of Archaeology and
the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
STAFF
Dr John Robb (Laboratory Co-Director)
Dr Elizabeth DeMarrais (Laboratory Co-Director)
Dr Michael Boyd
Dr John Creese
Dr Sheila Kohring (Laboratory Manager)
Dr Guillaume Robin
Dr Isabelle Vella Gregory
PhD Students
Sebastian Becker
Ben Cartwright
Jessica Cooney
Aaron Critch
Bela Dimova
Kathrin Felder
Erell Hubert
Eduardo Machicado Murillo

Ester Oras
Danika Parikh
Catalin Popa
Mark Sapwell
Helen Taylor
Astrid Van Oyen
25
Research Highlights
Fieldwork at Kostenki 14, Russia
Rock Art of Northern Russia
Kostenki 14 is well known for its long sequence, rich

archaeological assemblages, and one of the oldest
modern human burials. Its lowermost cultural layer is
currently the most ancient Upper Palaeolithic one in
Eastern Europe.
The aim of this research season was to record the rockart panel of the Besove Sledki component of the White
Sea rock-art carvings. For the last few decades this panel
had been covered and was therefore inaccessible. This
year, however, permission to gain access was obtained
and the carvings were recorded comprehensively for
the first time since the late 1930s.
Work in 2012, directed by Philip Nigst and Andrey

Sinitsyn (Institute for the History of Material Culture,
Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg), focused
on two parts of the site. In the western part, work
concentrated on the study of cultural layer III-d
(31/30 ka Bp) (A. Bessudnov, A. Artushenko, N. Burova
- IHMC) and a stratigraphic study of the sequence
(A.A. Velichko - Institute for Geology, Russian
Academy of Sciences). In the eastern excavation
area, a small part of the cultural layer in volcanic
ash was examined. Work included archaeological
(A. Sinitsyn, K. Stepanova, N. Burova - IHMC and P.R.
Nigst) and geological analyses (P. Haesaerts - Royal
Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences and S. Pirson
- Service Public de Wallonie, Jambes). Excavations
and sampling of the lower part of the sequence paid
particular attention to the microstratigraphic position
of lithics and bones belonging to the so-called
cultural layers inside and beneath the ash.
stephaNe pirsoN
The project is funded by the McDonald Institute for

Archaeological Research, the Max-Planck-Society (MaxPlanck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department
of Human Evolution, Leipzig), two grants from the Russian
Federation (Presidium the Russian Academy of Sciences, and
RFBR: 11-06-12007-ofi-m) and the Institute for the History of
Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg.
Excavation of the eastern part of Kostenki 14, in and below

the volcanic ash.
26
liliaNa JaNik (Division of Archaeology)
Recording of this panel is of great importance as it

means we are now able to fully document all the
prehistoric carvings of the White Sea region. In the
future this will allow us to assess the destruction of the
carvings through weathering. This is certainly the first
case in this region, and one of only a few in the world,
where rock art has been recorded in order to understand
its preservation. In addition, recording of this hitherto lost
panel enhances our interpretation and understanding
of the White Sea rock-art complex, especially as it is one
of the earliest panels consisting of around 300 carvings
(almost 10% of all the images in the complex).
Exposure of the site will also allow us in the future
to measure the elevation of the carved rock with an
accuracy which we have not been able to achieve in
the past. This in turn means that we will be able to date
the panel more accurately. Finally we are now able to
reconstruct the composition as a three-dimensional
panel revealing how prehistoric fisher-gatherer-hunters
would have seen it.
Archaeological Research.
Part of the Besove Sledki rock-art panel, White Sea region, Russia.
liliaNa JaNik
philip NiGst (Division of Archaeology)
Research Highlights
Prehistoric Foragers of Montenegro
Sava River Valley, Bosnia
In 2012, a collaborative UK-Montenegrin project was

initiated by Emanuela Cristiani, D. Bori (Cardiff University),
D. Gazivoda (Centre for Conservation and Archaeology in
Cetinje), Z. Vuovi-Lui (National Museum and Centre for
Culture in Niki) and D. Mihailovi (Belgrade University). The
aim of the project is to investigate Late Pleistocene and Early
Holocene forager adaptations in a diachronic perspective
by looking at land-use patterns and techno-functional
aspects of material culture in the zone between the Eastern
Adriatic littoral and the central Balkans. The project has two
components: studying finds from older excavations and new
fieldwork. As part of the first component, bone tools and
ornaments were examined from the PalaeolithicMesolithic
levels of Crvena Stijena rock-shelter and Vrua Cave. During
the course of new fieldwork, four previously identified sites
surrounding the Niki Plain were investigated with test pits.
One of the sites, Vrbika Cave, located at 950 m asl, provided
evidence of Upper Palaeolithic Epigravettian levels with two
phases of occupation possibly dating to the Late Glacial
period. This was based on the presence of steeply retouched
bladelets and points, thumbnail endscrapers, splintered
pieces and one shouldered ( cran) piece (see inset below).
Intriguingly, most of the faunal remains come from marmots
(Marmota marmota) and show clear evidence of cut marks
from butchering. It is possible, therefore, that Vrbika Cave
was a specialized site for marmot hunting and processing.
The evidence from this cave may reflect a stage of Late
Glacial recolonization and utilization of higher-altitude
landscapes in the Dinaric Alps.
Reconnaissance in 2011 in the Prejidor and Gradika area

of the River Sava/Vrbas basin, Bosnia Herzegovina, located
a number of Neolithic sites that were situated on small
spurs of land on the margins of the floodplain. Dr Marc
Vander Linden, with Prof. Charles French, Gary Marriner
and Tonko Rajkovaa tested two of these sites, at Zecovic
and Koievo. At Zecovic, in situ fourth-millennium Bc
floors and structural features were sealed by up to 1 m
of hillwash derived from the adjacent Iron Age oppidum.
The soil micromorphological analysis of the excavated
profile suggests that much of the midden and indeed
the floor surfaces are actually formed of organic, and in
particular grass and wheat, food-processing debris. In
contrast, the trial excavations at Koievo, in a floodplain
margin situation, revealed a fifth-millennium Bc pit cluster
typical of early Neolithic settlement in this region. The soil
micromorphological analysis indicates that the section
profile is comprised predominantly of well-structured
calcium carbonate-rich silty clay. This is indicative of
repeated seasonal additions of silt and clay through
overbank flooding, in combination with much physical
disturbance by human activities, including the addition
of settlement debris and arable land use, and soil faunal
mixing. It therefore appears that there is a slowly aggrading
alluvial soil system that created the thick overburden
over the archaeological levels in post-Neolithic times.
This fieldwork suggests that there is still extremely good
preservation of Neolithic sites on the margins of the Vrbas/
Sava floodplain beneath various depths of alluvial and
hillwash deposits.
emaNuela cristiaNi (McDonald Institute)
charles FreNch (Division of Archaeology)
The project is funded by the McDonald Institute for Archaeological

Research and Cardiff University.
Excavations underway at Vrbika Cave, Montenegro.
Gary Marriner excavating the Neolithic pit cluster, beneath

alluvial deposits at Koievo, Bosnia.
27
charles FreNch
duaN Bori
emaNuela cristiaNi
The project is funded by the British Academy.
Research Highlights
New Research on the Middle and Upper

Palaeolithic of Western Ukraine
philip NiGst (Division of Archaeology)
The Middle Dniestr Valley Survey Project, directed by Philip

Nigst and Larissa Koulakovska (Museum of Archaeology,
Institute of Archaeology, Kiev) is designed to contribute to
this debate by focusing on the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic
of western Ukraine. In 20112012 we conducted two
field seasons surveying along the Dniestr river. The survey
work resulted in an inventory of newly discovered Middle
and Upper Palaeolithic sites from which we collected
micromorphology, pollen and radiocarbon samples. Test-pits
and sections have been excavated at three sites to explore
their potential for future work. New fieldwork at the site
of Beregovo I (Transcarpathian region, western Ukraine)
was begun by Philip Nigst and Vitaly Usik (Museum of
Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology, Kiev) in 2010 and
has been focusing on enlarging the collection of lithics,
and providing an environmental and chronostratigraphic
background for the archaeology at the site. In total, about
20 sq.m have been excavated so far. The lithic collection
is characterized by a rich bladelet/micro-blade collection,
some of them Dufour bladelets, pointing towards a ProtoAurignacian. Samples for dating and reconstruction of
environment are in the processing stage.
christopher stimpsoN
The two projects are funded by the Leakey Foundation, the MaxPlanck-Society (Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology,
Department of Human Evolution, Leipzig), the Isaac Newton Trust,
and the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
huNGariaN Natural history museum
Modern human dispersal into Eurasia, its relation to

Neanderthal extinction, and the Middle to Upper
Palaeolithic transition, are some of the liveliest debated
issues in Palaeolithic archaeology. The first appearance of
Early Upper Palaeolithic technocomplexes (e.g. Aurignacian
and Bohunician) is of crucial importance for the discussion
about the timing and nature of the Neanderthal
replacement debate.
A modified skull from Gyor Szechenyi, Hungary. This practice is

commonly associated with nomadic populations.
Nomads and Farmers in Medieval Hungary

susaNNe hakeNBeck (McDonald Institute)
Being on the western fringe of the great Eurasian steppes,

the Carpathian basin has been a gateway into Europe
since the Bronze Age. Due to its comparatively small size
and ecological variability, it was not suitable for largescale nomadic pastoralism; nevertheless, horse-based
nomadic populations, from the Scythians to the Mongols,
were repeatedly drawn to the area by the portable
wealth and luxury items that could be obtained from the
elites of the Mediterranean. The Hunnic migrations in
the fourth and fifth centuries ad widely characterized
as an influx of aggressive Barbarian hordes have long
been credited with bringing about the end of the Roman
Empire. However, the reasons for their movements are
poorly understood, and little archaeological research has
been done that questions the widely accepted narrative.
Thinking of practice as the basis of social identity, this
project examines changes in subsistence economies
nomadic-pastoralism or farming over the lifetimes of
individuals in different populations from across the late
Roman frontier zone. In collaboration with Dr Tamsin
OConnell and Dr Erzsbet Fthi (Hungarian Natural
History Museum), I am using stable isotope analysis
together with an analysis of burial practice to investigate
whether widely held concepts are supported by new
scientific data, or whether the reality was more complex.
Could a farmer be buried as a Hun? Could a pastoralist be
given a Roman burial?
Middle Dniestr Valley Survey Project: fieldwork at the site of

Korman IX.
28
Research Highlights
The Philosophiana-Sofiana Project, Sicily
thomas stollNer
emaNuele vaccaro (McDonald Institute)
Operating the reconstructed sluice box within a stream bed on the

Mitterberg, August 2012.
Bronze Age Alpine Copper Mining, Austria

As part of a series of experiments in ore processing
and smelting carried out by the Deutsches Bergbau
Museum (DBM), work was undertaken this summer
to try to determine the function of a square wooden
sluice box found last year at the Middle Bronze Age
ore-processing site of Troiboden, close to the Main
Lode workings near the Arthurhaus on the Mitterberg
in Austria. The box was reconstructed using bronze
tools (axes and chisels) and then buried on the edge
of a watercourse, in an equivalent location to the
archaeological example. Holes cut into opposite
sides of this box allowed for a controlled flow of
water across its floor, one that could be used for
gravity separation of the finely crushed lighter waste
from the heavier ore minerals, and the production
of a richer concentrate of the copper-iron-sulphide
mineral chalcopyrite from an otherwise poor-grade
ore. By the Middle Bronze Age the development
of more sophisticated methods of mining,
processing and smelting enabled these more
abundant but less rich copper ores to be
worked. This revolutionized the overall scale and
importance of the copper production within
the Alpine zone, resulting in a trade in copper
which ultimately ended up as re-cycled metal
as far afield as the British Isles. These ongoing
experiments have helped to reveal how this
earliest known example of wet processing and
gravity separation worked. The experiments were
filmed and recorded, an account of which will be
written up and published by the DBM.
The project is funded by Deutsches Bergbau Museum
(Bochum, Germany). www.earlyminesresearchgroup.
org.uk
The project is funded by the Leverhulme Trust, the McDonald Institute

for Archaeological Research, the Faculty of Classics (University of
Cambridge), the British Academy Small Research Grants, the Loeb
Foundation and the Comune di Mazzarino.
Balloon photograph of the new excavations at Sofiana between the

late Roman complex to the south and the early to mid-Roman peristyle
domus to the north.
29
paolo NaNNiNi
simoN timBerlake (Cambridge Archaeological Unit)
The Philosophiana Project is the first archaeological landscape

study of a late Roman luxury villa, the Villa del Casale at
Piazza Armerina in central Sicily. With its rich mosaics and
architecture, the villa site has shaped scholarly perceptions
of the Roman elites, rural landholdings and the later Roman
economy. Although the villa is well-known as an archetype,
its economic context was completely unexplored before this
project began. Centred on the large site of Philosophiana, only
6 km from the villa, in 20092011 the new project included
intra- and extra-site survey, geophysical prospection and test
pits. Previous fieldwork by the project revealed Philosophianas
long and continuous occupation between the Augustan period
and the mid-thirteenth century ad and its marked expansion in
Late Antiquity. According to new data, the neighbouring late
Roman Villa del Casale was built in the shadow of an urbanstyle entity which, despite the early medieval abandonment
of the villa, continued to flourish well into the eighth and
ninth centuriesad and engaged in a wide range of economic
connections. New excavations, begun in 2012, offered a crosssection through the sites Roman, late antique and medieval
urban history, revealing the presence of a large early Roman,
possibly public, building. This building, characterized by
painted plaster, was abandoned in the mid second century
ad and later obliterated by a late Roman boundary wall. When
the wall collapsed, the area was used as a rubbish dump in
the seventh century ad and later reoccupied by an eighthto ninth-century outbuilding. Research this past year also
included soil micromorphology and pollen analysis at the new
excavations (see p. 20). The project is a collaboration between
the Universit di Messina, and the Universities of Cambridge
and Philadelphia. Scientific direction is shared between
Emanuele Vaccaro, Francesco G. La Torre and Kim Bowes.
Research Highlights
Roman Colonial Landscapes, Italy
alessaNdro lauNaro & martiN millett (Faculty of Classics)
The geophysical survey has been undertaken in

collaboration with Sophie Hay of the British School at Rome/
University of Southampton. Magnetometry survey has now
covered the full extent of the ancient town (c. 25 ha) and has
produced exciting new evidence for the street grid, principal
public buildings as well as the extent of the occupied area.
In 2012, we also did some preliminary work using Ground
Penetrating Radar (GPR) which has revealed a hitherto
unknown Roman theatre.
In the surrounding countryside more than 200 ha of
ploughed fields have been systematically field-walked.
Some of these scatters can be interpreted as evidence of
ancient farms and thus provide key insights about rural
settlement patterns through the Roman period. Although
part of an area already investigated in the course of the
197080s, our survey has successfully located many smaller
sites not previously recorded, thus prompting serious
reconsideration of earlier interpretations.
All finds from the surface collections have been processed
and classified (under the supervision of Ninetta Leone). They
not only provide the dating framework, but also map local
economic, social and cultural relationships as revealed by
the distribution and supply of specific artefacts (especially
coarse pottery) between town and countryside. Whilst
earlier studies placed emphasis on patterns of discontinuity
across the Roman period, our results suggest internal
stability.
alessaNdro lauNaro/British school at rome
This project is exploring the complex settlement history

which followed the establishment of the Roman colony
of Interamna Lirenas (in the Liri Valley south of Rome) in
312Bc in the context of Roman expansion in Italy. Over the
last three years (201012) our project has employed an
integrated array of techniques to explore both the town
and its surrounding hinterland. The work has involved
geophysical prospection on the site of the Roman town,
together with systematic field-walking of the surrounding
countryside with the surface scatters of archaeological finds
used to identify past rural settlement sites.
GPR evidence for the theatre at Interamna Lirenas

superimposed on the magnetometer survey results.
Archeologici del Lazio (Dr Giovanna Rita Bellini) and the Comune of
Pignataro Interamna. The project is funded by the British Academy,
the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research and the Faculty
of Classics with accommodation provided courtesy of the Sindaco of
Pignataro Interamna (Dr Benedetto M. Evangelista).
Guest, Refugees, Colonists

Medieval Migration in the Baltic
maGdaleNa Naum (McDonald Institute)
This project studies migration in the Baltic Sea region in the

High and Late Middle Ages. It includes three case studies:
the Slavic migration to the islands of Falster and Lolland
(Denmark) following conflicts in Slavic territories; the
Scandinavian and German settlement in Estonia initiated by
the Baltic Crusades; and German urban settlement in Kalmar
(Sweden) related to Hanseatic trade operations. The research
examines the different scales of, and reasons for, movement
in the region, the social consequences of migration and the
role of material culture in dealing with displacement.
Overall, the last three years have produced such a

compelling array of evidence which has not only already
answered some of the questions we originally asked, but
has also posed new ones. We are therefore embarking on
a new five-year project that will further pursue these new
questions by extending the range of activities so as to
include more extensive geophysical work and the very first
campaign of archaeological excavation at Interamna Lirenas.
The case study of Slavic migration to Denmark illustrated

how these movements contributed to the emergence
of a border region, the inhabitants of which exhibited
ambivalence and shifting allegiance with the Danish and
Slavic rulers. It also showed how foreign and local cultural
ideas can merge to give rise to new forms of material
culture. The Hanseatic merchants who settled in Swedish
Kalmar were translocal migrants. Frequently travelling across
the sea, they maintained simultaneous attachments and
commitments to their places of origin and residence. The
material culture of their homes, donations and investments
in Kalmar and Germany reflect these complex connections.
The 2012 season was undertaken in collaboration with

the British School at Rome, the Soprintendenza per i Beni

30
Research Highlights
Etruscan Domestic Space, Italy

Etruscan domestic space has been principally
interpreted from the funerary evidence, but
direct evidence is now emerging from a
number of new projects, mainly concentrated
in the northern part of Etruria (central Italy).
One of these is the sixth- to third-century Bc
site of Col di Marzo, a small defended village
to the north of Perugia in the Upper Tiber
Valley. Excavations in 2012 have uncovered
a set of domestic structures ranged against
substantial drystone terraces. These tiled
structures were built of post, wattle and daub,
often left open to the southern side and
The landscape of Col di Marzo north of Perugia.
supplied with drains, most probably for the
collection of rainwater. Preliminary analysis of
more substantial scale of Roman power. Excavations of an
the spatial layout of the buildings suggests employment of
early imperial Roman kiln complex have shown how the local
space for different activities, such as weaving, metallurgy, wine
economy was re-orientated towards export of budget wine
production and cooking. One collapsed building comprised
in Spello amphorae down the Tiber valley to Rome itself, and
a lean-to structure, with internal partitions, where inner zones
as far as Malta beyond.
were devoted to meal preparation (hearth, ceramic sieves and
a grindstone), lateral zones to storage (dolia) and outer southThe project is supported by the Gaslini Foundation, the Province of
facing zones to weaving (loom weights, spindle whorls and
Perugia, the cities of Gubbio and Perugia, the British Academy, Queens
postholes). Systematic sampling for food waste shows the
University Belfast, the European Commission, the Thriplow Trust, the
prominence of sheep, grape and grain, as well as evidence of
Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dellUmbria, and the McDonald
pest infestation in the stored food stuffs. This pattern of local
Institute for Archaeological Research. www.arch.cam.ac.uk/projects/
food production and relatively small-scale political authority
montelabate/
was disrupted in the third century Bc by the arrival of the
simoN stoddart
simoN stoddart (Division of Archaeology)
Ziyaret Tepe, Turkey
JohN macGiNNis (McDonald Institute)
ziyaret tepe archaeoloGical proJect
The 2012 excavation season at the Neo-Assyrian

town of Ziyaret Tepe in southeastern Turkey
proved to be a particularly interesting and varied
one. Work was undertaken on the palace, a
residence and a storeroom inside of the southern
city gate. Investigations into the earlier level of
the Area G/R administrative complex revealed a
magazine area furnished with pithoi. Here we also
discovered a cuneiform text on the floor which
turned out to be a note about sheep.
The other major news this year was an article
published in the Journal of Near Eastern Studies
about the cuneiform text from the palace at
Ziyaret Tepe. This text contains a list of women
whose names suggest the existence of a
previously unknown language.
The project is funded by a broad range of contributions
coordinated by the Ziyaret Tepe Archaeological Trust.
Left: Seventh-century bc cuneiform tablet from Ziyaret Tepe listing women

under the jurisdiction of the palace. Right: Cylinder seal from a grave cut
into the floor of the Area M residence, Ziyaret Tepe.
31
Research Highlights
Kilise Tepe, Turkey
The island of Keros, showing the survey area and the density of ceramics.
Keros, Greece
coliN reNFreW & michael Boyd (McDonald Institute)

Colin Renfrew and Michael Boyd continued the work of
publication of the Early Bronze Age settlement and sanctuary
excavated on the island of Keros from 20062008. Volume1
is complete and volumes 2 and 3 are nearly so. New work
on Keros was initiated as a co-operative project with Dr
Marisa Marthari and Dr Ekaterini Dellaporta representing
the Greek Archaeological Service. The Keros Island Survey
aims to provide a context for the recent excavations by
surveying the rest of the presently uninhabited island
of Keros. Situated southeast of Naxos among the small
Cyclades, study of the excavated material has suggested
that Keros was a central point in routes connecting Naxos,
Amorgos, Ios and other islands. To test this hypothesis,
pedestrian survey of the entire island of Keros began this
year and will be completed in 2013. Approximately half the
island has now been surveyed. Significant concentrations
of cultural material of all periods were located along the
northern coastal strip, with lesser concentrations noted
inland to the southeast. Keros is rocky and mountainous,
and so the potential for agricultural exploitation is limited:
geomorphological study is assessing the use of terracing
for water and land management. Survey pottery is being
analysed both by typology but also by fabric, utilizing the
wide knowledge of fabrics obtained from study of the
excavated material from Dhaskalio-Kavos. All data are being
collated using a sophisticated GIS and data base system.
The Cambridge Keros Project is funded by the Institute for Aegean
Prehistory, the Stavros S. Niarchos Foundation, the Balzan Foundation,
the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, the Leventis
Foundation, the British Academy, the Society of Antiquaries of London
and the British School at Athens. The Keros Island Survey is funded
by the Institute for Aegean Prehistory, the Balzan Foundation, the
McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, the British Academy,
Creta Farms and the British School at Athens.
32
This summer a small crew carried out a valedictory field season

at Kilise Tepe: on the mound itself, apart from a last lingering
look at two of our major cross-site sections, to allow Carlo
Colantoni to draft their final presentation, the only activity was
back-filling our trenches, and tidying up the spoil heaps to
return the mound more or less to its erstwhile elegant profile.
In the village school we processed the remaining finds from
2011: Franca Cole conserving, Vicki Herring drawing, Bob
Miller photographing, and Naoise MacSweeney wrapping up
the small finds. The pottery was dealt with by Emre and Nazl
Evrim erifolu (Early and Middle Bronze Age), Ekin Kozal (Late
Bronze Age), Christina Bouthillier (Iron Age) and Mark Jackson
(Hellenistic and Byzantine). Jennifer Jones and Julia Best (both
of Cardiff University) recorded the faunal material from 2011,
and Margaret OHea studied the predominantly Byzantine
glass. In preparation for transfer to their new home a complete
audit of all the finds was carried out by Caroline Steele and
Sue Poll, and in due course we waved off a lorry carrying 286
crates and 10 uncratably large items to wend its way down
the Gksu valley to the depot in Silifke Museum. Here we had
inserted a new mezzanine floor to take the fresh consignment,
and some very welcome air-conditioning. It was sad to sign
off at Kilise Tepe, but the plan for a hydro-electric barrage on
the Gksu, which drew us to the site in the first place, has
been resuscitated, and there is a good chance that Tevfik Emre
erifolu (Cantab. PhD 2009), head of the new archaeology
department at Bitlis, will continue work in the area as a
rescue project, perhaps in due course starting excavation at
ingentepe on the other bank of the river.
This final season was funded by the AHRC and, for the Early Bronze Age,
the Mediterranean Archaeological Trust. The KT Archaeological Project
is a joint project of Cambridge and Bitlis Eren Universities, with the
collaboration of Newcastle University.
www.kilisetepe.mcdonald.cam.ac.uk/
Loading the finds from Kilise Tepe

for removal to Silifke Museum.
Nicholas postGate
the keros proJect
Nicholas postGate (Division of Archaeology)
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Research Highlights
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elliNG utvik Wammer
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Map showing all European settlements sampled for cod bones.
aDNA, Isotopes and the Expansion of

European Sea Fishing
david ortoN & James Barrett (McDonald Institute)
The expansion of sea fisheries after around ad 1000 was

a key development in European economic history: on
the one hand, increasing reliance on marine resources
was an important corollary of medieval urbanization and
population growth; on the other, preserved fish became
an important component of international trade networks.
We are exploring this phenomenon across northern
Europe through zooarchaeological and biomolecular
analysis of seventh- to eighteenth-century cod bones
from over 70 settlements. Following the 2011 publication
of successful isotopic provenancing studies from the
North and Baltic Seas, we are currently expanding the
project in several directions. Most importantly, an ongoing
aDNA study in collaboration with Bill Hutchinson and
Mark Culling (University of Hull) is improving our ability
to detect (trans)Atlantic trade into ports such as Bristol.
Secondly, with the help of Tamsin OConnell and the
Garrod Laboratory we are introducing sulphur isotope
analysis alongside carbon and nitrogen, aiming to increase
spatial resolution for Baltic and Norwegian trade routes.
Finally, David Orton and Jim Morris (UCLan) have been
collaborating to produce high-resolution time-series of
fishing data for London from published and archived
bone reports. Initial results show a very sudden shift from
local fishing to imports in the early thirteenth century,
corroborating isotopic research.
The project is funded by the Leverhulme Trust, the Company of
Fishmongers and the McDonald Institute for Archaeological
Research. Museum of London Archaeology has provided support
through staff time and access to archived data.
En route to the Trollsteinhe ice patch with Glittertind,

Norways second highest peak, in the background.
Left to right: Julian Martinsen, Lars Pil and James Barrett.
Hunting on the Ice
James Barrett (McDonald Institute)

At high elevations in central Norway, permanent ice patches
provide refuges for reindeer avoiding summer insects and,
therefore, they are magnets for hunters seeking herds of
prey. The ice grows and shrinks with changing climatic
conditions, incorporating or divulging the remnants of Iron
Age and medieval hunts: arrows, crossbow bolts, scaring
sticks (flags used to direct the herds) and other equipment.
Working with Lars Pil of Oppland County Council, and
researchers from the Universities of Bergen and Oslo, James
Barrett has begun a collaboration0 to investigate
the role
500 km
of these hunting grounds in supply chains stretching to
eastern England, and the potential role of climate change on
patterns of use and preservation.
The project is funded by Oppland County Council.
James Barrett
david ortoN & dora kemp
40
Preserved staff and string of a scaring stick, to which a flag

would originally have been tied. Rows of similar objects were
used to direct the movement of reindeer on ice patches.
33
Research Highlights
susaN oosthuizeN (Institute of Continuing Education)

Work in 20112012 has synthesized research undertaken
over the past five years on the balance between tradition
and transformation in social organization of collective
landscapes in England between about ad 400 and
900, in a monograph to be published in 2013. Current
explanations for the origins of Anglo-Saxon England are
generally based on the premise that older forms of social
organization did not survive on any scale into the postRoman period and that medieval productive landscapes
did not have early antecedents. My research applies models
derived by economists of governance structures called
common property regimes to archaeological evidence in a
methodological approach based on setting the governance
of Anglo-Saxon common pastures and collective open fields
in the longue dure of prehistoric and Roman husbandry.
susaN oosthuizeN
There are two principal results. On the one hand, the

irregular ancient landscapes of medieval England appear
to have evolved from their Romano-British and prehistoric
predecessors, suggesting that in these areas Anglo-Saxon
lords took little direct interest in the formal organization of
peasant cultivation as long as crops and renders continued
to be submitted to them. On the other, the transformation
evident in the medieval regular two- and three-field open
arable systems of central, southern England appears to
reflect a negotiated compromise between long-standing
native traditions of collective governance and the
introduction of innovative, highly centralized, managerial
structures on inland demesnes belonging to Mercian kings
and their ecclesiastical kin.
Medieval cultivation remains in Leicestershire.
34
Ecological Correlates of Viking Age

State Formation
rachel BallaNtyNe (McDonald Institute)
This research addresses the centralization of power

in Norway and Scotland between ad 600 and 1200 in
collaboration with Dr James Barrett and Prof. Martin
Jones. We are contrasting the archaeobotanical evidence
for continuity or change in agricultural production with
contemporary shifts in political organization. The project
primarily uses data sets from two settlements believed to
be Viking Age centres of power: the Brough of Deerness,
Orkney, an early medieval chiefly settlement, and Avaldsnes,
Norway, a possible royal manor under investigation by Prof.
Dagfinn Skre and Dr Mari stmo (University of Oslo).
During the second year, the analysis of charred plants at
the Brough of Deerness has been concluded, and samples
from Avaldsnes have been assessed. During summer 2012,
further sampling and flotation sieving have taken place at
Avaldsnes, with assessment now underway. The emphasis
is on identifying any exotic plants in addition to more
usual resources such as barley, oats and flax. Even building
timber may be regarded as imported on treeless Orkney,
so the analysis encompasses wood charcoal in addition to
plant macrofossils. Both sites have botanical evidence for
specialized craft production but are dominated by locallyavailable resources; traits that should be contextualized in
the wider economic and political changes across the early
medieval North Sea region.
This project is funded jointly by the Newton Trust, Cambridge and the
Kings Manor Project (Kongsgrdprosjektet), University of Oslo, Norway.
Excavation underway at Avaldsnes, 2012.
rachel BallaNtyNe
Anglo-Saxon Landscapes
Research Highlights
Lost in the Landscape: Nazi Camps

on British Soil
All over Europe, small camps and minor subcamps of all different types dating from the
German occupation of the Second World War
are overgrown, neglected, long destroyed or
often utterly forgotten by heritage strategies
and legislation. This contrasts with the picture
at major sites such as Auschwitz, which are
used to articulate war narratives of victimhood
and martyrdom. Recently, a small number of
researchers have begun to locate, excavate, record
and seek memorialization for these forgotten
slave and forced-worker camps and concentration
sub-camps. The camp identified in this project is
one of the few on British soil: the forced labour
camp of Lager Wick, in use from 19421944 on
the Channel Island of Jersey.
In 2012, Gillian Carr identified some of the
remaining structures of Lager Wick, assessing
the sites suitability for future topographic and
geophysical survey. She also formed an advisory
team of heritage and German occupation
amateurs and professionals in the island with a
view to beginning a community project which has
the collection of oral testimony, archival records
and archaeological fieldwork as its goal.
GilliaN carr

katheriNe roBBiNs
GilliaN carr (Institute of Continuing Education)
An example of a density plot showing the distribution of Roman Portable

Antiquities Scheme finds in Hampshire, plotted against Roman roads.
Those areas where metal detecting is not possible, or not permitted, are
shown in grey.
Portable Antiquities Scheme

roGer BlaNd (British Museum)
The Portable Antiquities Scheme data base

(http://finds.org.uk) now contains records of over
800,000 objects found in England and Wales and is
increasingly used as a tool for research we know
of 12 major research-council projects, 64 PhDs and
136 MA or BA dissertations that are using it. However,
there has been no systematic survey of the various
factors that underlie the data. In December 2011
the Leverhulme Trust awarded the British Museum
a three-year Research Project Grant to investigate
this. Research Assistant, Dr Katherine Robbins, under
the direction of Roger Bland (Keeper, Departments
of Prehistory & Europe and Portable Antiquities
& Treasure, British Museum), has completed a
collaborative PhD at the University of Southampton
in which she analysed the data gathered by the
Portable Antiquities Scheme in three pilot areas:
Hampshire, the Isle of Wight and Northamptonshire.
The project will analyse the spatial distribution of
the data recorded by Portable Antiquities Scheme,
comparing it with other data sets. It will also survey
finders and will produce a report and web resource
which will enable the many researchers who use the
data to understand the biases in the data set.
Concrete entrance posts of Lager Wick, Jersey.
The project is funded by the Leverhulme Trust.
35
Research Highlights
Damerham Project
In an area rich in prehistoric monuments and ritual

landscapes, what more can a small cluster of Neolithic,
Bronze Age and Iron Age barrows and ditches
tell us about past communities? The Damerham
Archaeology Project (co-directed by Sheila Kohring,
with researchers from Kingston University and
English Heritage) explores how specific landscapes
are constructed and given historical narratives in the
past. By understanding the local tempo and pattern
of monument construction, use and re-use in the
small area of Damerham, Hampshire, we compare
how local communities situated themselves into
wider social networks Cranborne Chase, Wessex
and the western European Atlantic fringe. In 2012 the
team, including postgraduate and undergraduate
Cambridge students, targetted excavations on the
beginning of the monumental sequence, opening
trenches in the early Neolithic long barrow ditches.
Distinct stratigraphy and rich material deposits gave
a clear indication of the sequence of construction,
initial depositional acts in the early Neolithic and
intense flint-knapping activity during the early Bronze
Age. In autumn 2012, the project began its initial
synthesis combining material, geoarchaeological
daNiel oBoy
sheila kohriNG (Division of Archaeology)
Sheila Kohring and PhD student Kate Boulden sampling primary ditch
fills from Dampney Barrow, Damerham.
and geophysical evidence in order to construct the
sequence of relationships between monuments as a
means of building the local narrative within the wider
Cranborne Chase story.
Hunting Wounds on Two Mammal

Skulls from Cambridgeshire
36
museum oF archaeoloGy aNd aNthropoloGy
The Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology and

the Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences each have
mammal skulls with dramatic hunting wounds. The
first is a putative wolf skull pierced by a Neolithic
arrowhead, while the second is a well-preserved wild
aurochs skull (Bos primigenius) with a Neolithic flint
axe deeply buried right between the eyes. Both skulls
were obtained from nineteenth-century coprolite
diggers, who strip-mined large areas for phosphate
fertilizer. A new examination throws doubt on both
specimens. The arrow wound in the wolf skull was
cut with a metal file, and a radiocarbon date places
the skull at about 500 years old, entirely the wrong
date for the associated arrowhead. The aurochs
skull has a firm Neolithic date and the flint axe is
correct for this period. However, the wound has
fractures typical of brittle, ancient bone, not that of
elastic green bone. The Cambridgeshire coprolite
diggers made a good extra income from the sale
of antiquities, and in both instances they made a
creative association of specimens to enhance their
sale value. Five eminent geologists were fooled when
the aurochs skull was bought but there is little doubt
that the hunting episodes were cleverly invented!
sedGWick museum oF earth scieNces
toNy leGGe (McDonald Institute)
Top: Neolithic aurochs skull from Burwell, Cambridge. Bottom: Late

medieval dog (not a prehistoric wolf (!)) from Barrington, Cambridge.
Research Highlights
Viking Apocalypse
Britt Baillie (Department of Architecture)
Bill locke
In 2009, a pit containing the bodies of 54 beheaded

skeletons was found on Ridgeway Hill in Dorset,
UK. Radiocarbon dates indicated that the men died
between ad 980 and ad 1030. Dr Britt Baillie has been
exploring why these men were killed at the turn of
the first millennium. Isotope analysis indicated that
the bodies in the mass-grave were Vikings from
Scandinavia. In the documentary Viking Apocalypse,
Dr Baillie was filmed as she examined the site, the
human remains and manuscripts from the period
and explored the possibility that the men were
killed in battle or were victims of the St Brices day
massacre in which Aethelred ordered the death
of all Danish men in the kingdom. Baillies analysis
concluded that the beheaded men may have been
Viking mercenaries. The programme was aired on
22 December 2011 in the USA and premiered on
25 January 2012 in the UK. http://natgeotv.com/uk/
viking-apocalypse/about
Skull of an executed Viking unearthed on the Dorset Ridgeway. The men

in the pit had all been beheaded from the front by a sword a highly
unusual form of execution for this period.
The Giants of Wessex
Recent dates have shown that originally the majority of the

mound was contemporary with its close (but much larger)
neighbour Silbury Hill, falling within the second half of the
third millennium cal. Bc. This part of the project drew together
background research on the mound, and comprehensively
set out the results of the dating work, exploring the mounds
relationship with Silbury Hill and the River Kennet, and setting
the monument within its prehistoric context.
Jim leary (Field Archaeologist in Residence - McDonald Institute)

As an initiative to promote strong links between
academic and field archaeology, the McDonald
Institute recruits a professional archaeological
practitioner to spend one term at the Institute to
allow them to conduct research that would not be
possible within the context of their regular fieldwork.
In 2012 Jim Leary of English Heritage joined us to
write up his project on the three largest Neolithic
mounds in Wiltshire: Silbury Hill, the Marlborough
Mound, and the Hatfield Barrow, exploring their
associations with contemporary monuments, as well
as rivers and springs.
The project then focused on the Marlborough

Mound, another large mound (over 18 m high)
located within the grounds of Marlborough College.
James o. davies eNGlish heritaGe
The work began by studying the Hatfield Barrow,

which once stood within Marden henge in the Vale
of Pewsey. It is now almost completely levelled, but
at one time was over 9 m high and may originally
have been considerably taller. The work set the site in
its wider context and explored associations with the
River Avon. More broadly, it helped link the spatially
separate elements of the Stonehenge World Heritage
Site to the south and the Avebury World Heritage
Site to the north, as well as counterbalancing the
traditional chalk-based Wessex models for prehistory
with a lowland site located on Greensand.
The project is funded by English Heritage, the Marlborough Mound

Trust, Marlborough College and the McDonald Institute for
Silbury Hill at night.
37
Research Highlights
martiN JoNes (Division of Archaeology)
Our two projects charting the movement of agricultural

resources around Eurasia continue apace, drawing together
archaeobotany, archaeogenetics, isotopic analyses, together
with a range of connected projects in other fields. During
201112, members of the team conducted fieldwork and
research visits in China, Russia and Kazakhstan. We have
given papers on our research in China, Kazakhstan, Europe
and the USA. Highlights of our published output during the
year include a number of key papers on broomcorn millet
as well as results of our barley research, including a crosscontinental survey of records of naked and hulled forms
in prehistory. We are enormously grateful for our various
collaborations, including the one closest to home, with the
National Institute of Agricultural Botany, whose constant
facilitation and intellectual input is central to the success
of our work. We are also delighted to be forging closer links
with Unilever, with whom we are collaborating to explore
the ramifications of our research for future food options. Our
formal agreement with the N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of
Plant Industry (St Petersburg) has resulted in three research
visits, involving members of both institutions, including one
by three senior VIR researchers to Cambridge. Our team in
Cambridge has been joined by research visitors from China
(Dawei Cai, Minmin Ma, Hongliang L, Hong-En Jiang) and
India (Anubha Pathak). Alongside our core project on crop
movement, our work is enriched by the progress of closely
associated projects examining ancient farming soils (Yijie
Zhuang), domestic animals (Yiru Wang, Minghao Lin) and
the historiography of the Silk Road itself (Yanfu Zu).
haiBiNG yuaN
FOGLIP and PPAC projects are funded respectively by the European

Research Council and the Leverhulme Trust with additional support
from the Wellcome Trust, Darwin College, the British Academy, the
Royal Society and the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
Flotation being undertaken by Xinyi Liu and colleagues in Tibet.
38
Trng An Project, Vietnam

ryaN raBett (McDonald Institute)
During the sixth field season in Trng An (November 2011),

excavation focused on a new low-elevation cave called Hang
Moi. A survey of the site in 2010 had suggested it would
be a good prospect for tracing forager responses to the
Mid-Holocene high sea level (c. 70004500 years ago). This
proved to be the case. Settlement in the Red River delta by
the Mid-Holocene is known to have been strongly maritimefocused and displayed an emerging Neolithic character. Field
observations at Hang Moi suggest that we were tracking
both of these trends. In Trench 1, located towards the back
of the cave, we revealed a complex sequence of hearths,
which probably span most of this period as well as having a
great deal of Da But pottery. In Trench 2, against the north
wall of the cave, we uncovered many fish, mollusc and crab
remains, some large mammal bones and, again, a significant
amount of fragmentary Da But ceramics. Charcoal collected
from near the base of both excavations produced dates
of c. 5500 cal.Bp which was exactly the expected age. Only
around eight Dabutian sites are known from Ninh Bnh and
surrounding provinces, making our discoveries at Hang Moi
an important contribution to understanding this culture and
how early communities were adapting to the heightened sea
levels at that time.
Since March 2012, Trng An park has been the subject of
preparations for a bid for World Heritage Site status through
UNESCO. The archaeological record of this landscape will
be a central part of this application. Findings from the Trng
An Archaeological Project already feature strongly in a new
book by Ryan Rabett entitled Human Adaptation in the Asian
Palaeolithic (see p. 21).
Research and Xuan Truong Construction Corporation, Ninh Bnh,
Vietnam.
Trng An Scenic Complex (the water cave in the centre of the

frame gives access to the park interior).
JasoN haWkes
Food Globalization in Prehistory and

Pioneers of Pan-Asian Contact
Research Highlights
Land, Water and Settlement in Haryana, India

In March and April 2012, the project conducted excavations
at the small village site of Bahola in District Karnal, Haryana,
India. The 2012 season was the final excavation season of the
first stage of the project and we had deliberately selected
Bahola in 2008 as the site appeared to have been occupied
during the Late Harappan (c. 18001500 Bc) and Painted Grey
Ware (c. 1000400 Bc) phases on the basis of pottery found
on the surface. These phases have the potential to provide us
with critical insights into the socio-economic developments
that took place in the transition from the decline of the
urbanized Indus Civilization to the adoption of a completely
ruralized lifestyle on the plains of northwest India. Our main
excavations were limited to one trench, and although initially
alarmed by the presence of medieval and Early Historic
deposits in the uppermost levels of our sounding, it quickly
became clear that Bahola was occupied in both key periods
of interest. In the basal levels of our sounding, we found that a
Late Harappan settlement had been established at least partly
on sloping ground, and the earliest deposits we found were
the remains of a large un-fired clay storage bin. Occupation
deposits had built up against and over this bin, before a mudbrick structure was erected. This structure was also abutted by
Late Harappan occupation deposits on one side, presumably
the inside of a building. An interesting discovery was that
deposits containing Painted Grey Ware material were found
on the other side of the same wall. This implies that the use
of Late Harappan cultural material ceased, but the associated
wall was still standing when the deposition associated with
cameroN petrie
cameroN petrie (Division of Archaeology)
A.K. Pandey excavating at Bahola, India.

Painted Grey Ware began. Our excavations revealed evidence
for a clear spatial association between the Late Harappan
and Painted Grey Ware. However, we will only be able to
determine the nature of this chronological relationship when
we get radiocarbon dates from the abundant botanical
material we recovered.
The project is funded by the AHRC, NERC and the McDonald Institute
for Archaeological Research.
Power and Personhood in Eastern

North America
shed light on the nature and extent of the local and longdistance connections associated with pipe exchange in the
region.
The emergence of large sedentary villages in southern

Ontario, Canada (by c. ad 1400), was associated with major
changes in the social experience of personhood and
community. This was fertile ground for emerging tensions
between individual autonomy and communalism, and
household vs collective (village, or tribal) identities. My
postdoctoral research project explores how these tensions
were negotiated, reproduced and altered across several
distinct fields of practice, including mortuary programmes,
warfare, house life and craft production. This year I went
on a research trip to analyse Iroquoian clay smoking pipes
curated at the University of Toronto. Smoking pipes were
important objects used in the creation and maintenance
of social bonds in Iroquoian societies. The life-cycle of
pipes, from their production, use, display, exchange and
recycling into new objects was caught up in wider cycles of
accumulation and fragmentation through which persons
and institutional entities were structured and changed. The
chemical characterization of clay pipe fabrics is helping to

Research, and a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of
Canada Postdoctoral Fellowship.
A trumpet-style
clay smoking pipe
from the Keffer
site, a fifteenthcentury Iroquoian
village located near
Toronto, Canada.
JohN creese
JohN creese (McDonald Institute)
39
Research Highlights
One River Project, Ro Ica, Andes
oliver huamaN oros
This project aims to track the flux in rich cultural florescence

and collapse through time along a single river the Ro Ica in
Peru from its headwaters in the southern Andes to its mouth
on a desert coast. The Andean region is one of humanitys rare
hearths of agriculture and pristine civilization. Its Pacific coast is
one of the worlds driest deserts, whose only sources of water
are rivers arising in its rain-fed highland hinterlands. Second
only to the Himalayas, the Andes encompass tremendous
variations in human ecology, and, at these tropical latitudes,
support cultivation even to extreme altitudes. Yet, despite
the obvious interdependency between the hydrology and
economy of coast and sierra, no investigation has yet taken
the entire course of a single watershed as the appropriate
unit of study within which to model changes in settlement,
land use, water management and culture. We propose to
do so for the Ro Ica over the deep-time perspective of
archaeology, from the Early Horizon (c. 750 Bc) through to the
end of the Inca Empire (ad 1532), by combining archaeological
survey and excavation with GIS, geomorphological and
archaeobotanical methodologies. The projects principal
researchers are Drs David Beresford-Jones and Kevin Lane,
under the direction of Professor Charles French. The funding
also provides the opportunity for a Peruvian archaeologist to
study a Masters degree here at the University of Cambridge.
The projects first field season (July and August 2012) was a
reconnaissance of the entire Ro Ica catchment by the principal
researchers and Oliver Huaman Oros, one of two Peruvian
co-directors. Beginning at the huge shell middens that lie
at the rivers mouth, we travelled through the series of wide
basins that define the rivers lower course across the desert;
into the middle valley wherein most of todays population and
agriculture is concentrated fed by water abstraction from deep
bore holes; and thence up along the upper valleys of its main
headwaters, with their vast, now largely abandoned, ancient
agricultural terrace systems; to the high pampas where these
rise above 4000 m above sea level in the south-central Andes.
Three gringos in Santa Rosa de Tambo.

40
Possible Late
Intermediate
terrace system
and irrigation
features in the
middle reach
of the Yauca
tributary valley to
the south of the
Ica valley system.
Our purpose was to gain an overall picture of the Ro Icas
dynamic geomorphological and archaeological records and
to identify parts of both for further investigation in 2013.
Reconnaissance fieldwork has shown great initial promise.
Apart from many new archaeological sites of the past three
millennia being recorded, geoarchaeological evaluation
of the Ro Ica and its associated tributary rivers suggests
lengthy periods of intense arable exploitation with complex
terracing and irrigation systems followed by periods of poor
management coupled with desertification. Upland areas in
the Andes indicate that this is an active erosive system which
has been periodically stabilized by large-scale human activity
and field and hydraulic engineering enterprises. Alarmingly,
the peat bog areas of the high pampa grassland no longer
appear to be stable. This is strongly suggestive of presentday over-grazing of the steppe-like grassland and/or some
combination of surface drying caused by shifts in rainfall
pattern or lowering of the natural groundwater aquifer.
Ancient field and irrigation systems appear to be better
preserved lower down. There is active gully incision on many
slopes, but how much this is controlled by changes in rainfall
intensity and pattern versus much more limited farming use
leading to the collapse of the retaining wall systems through
a lack of maintenance is an open question. How terrace
systems were managed in the past to sustain agricultural use
on such a large scale is an important question that needs to
be addressed in order to understand the development and
settlement use of the middle reaches of the Ica valley.
The project is funded by the Leverhulme Trust.
keviN laNe
david BeresFord-JoNes (McDonald Institute), charles FreNch

(Division of Archaeology) & keviN laNe (University of Manchester)
Research Highlights
Cyrenaican Prehistory Project, Libya

No fieldwork was possible in Libya in 2011 because of
the civil unrest, so it was a great relief for the team to
be able to return in 2012, in fact twice, in March/April,
and September. We were able to empty out the last
remaining backfill that Dr Charles McBurney had used to
fill and protect his trench in the Haua Fteah cave after his
excavations in the 1950s, clearing the Deep Sounding
that he excavated from the bottom of his main trench
7.5 m below the present surface down to its base at
about 13 m depth. At the bottom we found another
metre of unexcavated sediment containing sparse
evidence for human occupation. The Deep Sounding
sediments are very uniform and look as if they were
formed in a rather moist climate. We therefore suspect
that they belong to the climatic stage MIS (Marine
Isotope Stage) 5, which began around 130,000 years ago.
This is the date favoured by many scholars as the time
when Homo sapiens first spread into North Africa from
south of the Sahara. We are waiting for the results of the
OSL dating samples we took from the walls of his Deep
Sounding with great interest! In the new trench we are
excavating down the side of McBurneys trench, we
found intriguing evidence for a post-built structure and
hearths dating to the Dabban Upper Palaeolithic around
40,000 years ago. The associated finds include a granite
rubbing stone from a source in the Egyptian desert over
600 km from the cave.
The project is funded by the European Research Council (Advanced
Investigator Grant 230421 TRANS-NAP: Cultural Transformations
and Environmental Transitions in North African Prehistory) and the
Society for Libyan Studies.
GWil oWeN
Graeme Barker (McDonald Institute)
Aerial (balloon) photograph of part of the gypsum

foundation for a building with a columned hall at the Great
Aten Temple, Amarna, Egypt. The width is 14.25 m.
The Ancient City of Amarna, Egypt

Barry kemp (McDonald Institute)
A major programme of work proved possible, with

long autumn and spring seasons on site. During the
former, the repairs to the mud-brick North Palace
were completed, and excavation in Amarnas citizen
cemetery was continued. To deal properly with the
fragile painted wooden coffins we are developing
better conservation facilities, under the guidance of
Julie Dawson (Fitzwilliam Museum).
Graeme Barker
A new project was begun in the spring, a fresh

study of the remains of the House of the Aten, the
Great Aten Temple, spiritual centre of Akhenatens
city. First cleared in the 1930s, it has remained open
to the elements and is threatened by the steady
encroachment of a modern cemetery. The two
areas chosen for re-examination both produced
significant new information, particularly pertaining
to the internal history of the temples development.
Once exposed and planned afresh, the gypsum
foundations for the now lost stone walls, in the part
chosen for re-examination, were covered with fresh
sand and, above that, fresh courses of stone were laid
to reproduce the original building plan.
Looking down to the base of the Deep Sounding, about 13 metres

below the ground surface in the Haua Fteah cave, Libya.
The project is funded from a range of sources channelled

through the Amarna Trust, a charity registered in the UK.
www.amarnaproject.com and www.amarnatrust.com
41
Research Highlights
Mursiland, Southwest Ethiopia
Ancient Landscapes in the Egyptian Sahara
The Lower Omo Valley is as renowned for its ecological

and cultural diversity as it is for its fossilized record of
early human evolution. Its potential as a source for
archaeological research, however, has only recently
been highlighted by the current project, directed by
Marcus Brittain and Timothy Clack (St Peters College,
Oxford) which, since 2009, has been carrying out
pedestrian survey and test excavation within the
territory of the Mursi tribal community. Numerous
locations have been identified and recorded from
Middle Stone Age lithic scatters sealed within alluvium,
to late prehistoric megalithic sites of stone circles,
monoliths, cairns and circular concentric platforms.
Of the latter (named benna kulugto), 25 have so far
been identified measuring between 2 m and 26m
in diameter. We have found through excavation that
many of these are associated with signatures that may
be the result of animal sacrifice at an unusually high
scale and at a time corresponding with climatic stress.
Interestingly, local communities of Mursi and Bodi
agri-pastoralists continue to sacrifice at monumental
stone locations. We have documented these practices,
alongside the local narratives formulated to make
sense of the benna kulugto as we uncover new sets
of questions. The findings are a unique resource and
significant in particular to an understanding of the
complexity of sacrifice and monumentality within
mobile East African communities. In 2012 we secured
space for two project exhibitions in Addis Ababa and in
Jinka that will be installed in 2013.
Judith Bunbury continues her geological research

in the Egyptian Sahara desert with the aim of
reconstructing the development of ancient
landscapes. Work with Salima Ikram (Cairo University)
in the Kharga Oasis is tracking routes from Kharga
to Ain Amur (a desert well) and continues to
explore how the routes changed with time and
the increasingly sparse water resources in the area.
This year, while following a trail to a Coptic stone
church we came across a large area of alum mining.
Although outcrops of the alum-bearing shale are
widespread in the area, the mining seems to be
focused within a days march from larger settlements,
such as Umm el-Dabadeb, which may have
functioned principally as a mining town and Kharga.
The mines are also associated with abundant wells
from which the water required to leach the alum
could be obtained.
alBerto arzoz
The project is funded by the Fell Foundation, the McDonald

Institute for Archaeological Research, the British Institute in East
Africa and the Christiansen Fund.
The largest circular concentric platform or benna kulugto (26 m in

diameter) after cleaning, Mursiland.
42
Judith BuNBury (Department of Earth Sciences)
Further north in Egypt, she joined the first Danish

Archaeological Expedition to the Gurob Harem
Palace Project. Their work on the sediments of
the area with Dr Morag Hunter (Department of
Earth Sciences, Cambridge) suggests that the New
Kingdom Palace (c. 1450 Bc) was part of an ambitious
project to bring the Faiyum depression into
agricultural production by diverting a minor channel
of the Nile, the Bahr Yusuf. Since the Faiyum and the
Palace became extremely wealthy and was part of
the eastern Mediterranean trade network we infer
that the project was successful.
The project is funded by the North Kharga Oasis Survey and
the Carlsberg Foundation.
Ruins of Umm el-Dabadeb, a possible mining town,

North Kharga, Egypt.
Judith BuNBury
marcus BrittaiN (Cambridge Archaeological Unit)
Research Highlights
Marakwet Community Heritage, Kenya

mattheW davies (McDonald Institute) &
heNrietta l. moore (Division of Social Anthropology)
The Marakwet of Kenya have long been known as specialist

farmers who utilize a complex indigenous network of irrigation
channels. Their agricultural system has often been referred
to as stable and resilient and hence a possible model for
good sustainable agricultural development in the present.
However, the actual history of this system and the complex
landscape of which it is a part has not been fully explored.
Building on the long-term ethnographic research of Moore
and on the Historical Ecology methods employed by
Davies in neighbouring regions, this study aims to chart the
development of the Marakwet landscape over the last 500
years. Importantly, the project has developed research priorities
and strategies in conjunction with the local population and
has established a well-trained team of local data collectors.
The local team use basic hand-held GPS systems and digital
photography to map aspects of the Marakwet landscape
including present-day settlement patterns, existing and
abandoned irrigation features and field systems, ceremonial
and initiation locations and geographic features mentioned in
oral histories. The team further collect contextual information
about these features using questionnaires and interviews. In
2012 the work of the local team has been expanded to include
basic archaeological pedestrian survey and site recording and
has already located some forty archaeological sites. In 2013
we hope to bring further specialists on board with regard
to the palaeoecology and geoarchaeology of the region
and to conduct more detailed archaeological survey and
excavation. We hold a three-year British Academy International
Partnerships and Mobility grant (starting Jan 2013) which will
allow for comparative research alongside African colleagues
into similar agricultural systems in Nigeria and South Africa.
Suakin Project
laureNce smith (McDonald Institute)

The 2012 seasons at the Red Sea port of Suakin, for
the Sudanese National Corporation for Antiquities and
Museums (NCAM) and the Red Sea State, concentrated
on final test excavation and post-excavation study.
In January, the Ulster University team led by Wes
Forsythe carried out clearance by the Shafai Mosque,
revealing structures pre-dating the latest Koranic school,
and a stone-lined passage possibly related to waterstorage. Excavations in a courtyard area near the market
recovered 26 well-defined stratified occupation levels,
with 10 floors or made surfaces, to 2.8 m depth. A testpit within the Beit Khorshid Effendi revealed the house
foundations, showing that it was constructed on artificial
build-up of the perimeter of the town island.
A second finds-processing season followed in April, with
team members from Cambridge (Laurence Smith and
Michael Mallinson), the School of Oriental and African
Studies (Jacke Phillips) and NCAM. Surface cobbling and
ashlar block features found in a 0.5 m wide trench in the
Beit Khorshid Effendi forecourt in 2002 were exposed
more fully, revealing two near-parallel alignments some
2.5 m apart extending to within 1 m of the present
shoreline. They may represent an early quay structure
later demolished for the forecourt itself.
The project is funded and supported by the McDonald Institute
for Archaeological Research, the Foreign Travel Fund, the Red Sea
State and the Ministry of Tourism, Antiquities and Wildlife, Sudan.
Local team leader Timothy Kipkeu pointing out recent repairs to a

pre-colonial irrigation channel in Marakwet, northwest Kenya.
Excavation in the forecourt of Beit Khorshid Effendi, Suakin,

Sudan, showing a cobbled area close to the current shoreline.
43
omima aBdelrahmaN
mattheW davies

Research and the British Institute in Eastern Africa.
Research Highlights
Cultural Violence/Violence Against Culture

dacia vieJo-rose (McDonald Institute)
In January 2012 Dacia Viejo-Rose started a three-year British

Academy postdoctoral fellowship to research violence
in relation to cultural heritage including dynamics of
danger, threat, fear, anxiety, and uncertainty. She is exploring
how cultural heritage is used, and abused, to divide, exclude
and intimidate during conflicts. To do this, she will work
on expanding the existing theory of cultural violence by
applying it to violent acts against heritage sites. The goal is
to discover the mechanisms behind the arming of heritage
and develop potential strategies for its disarming.
In line with this work Dacia has collaborated with ICCROM
(International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and
Restoration of Cultural Property) teaching on their course
First Aid to Cultural Heritage in Times of Conflict. She has
also recently begun to collaborate with a new cultural
centre being built in Marseilles, the Villa Mditerrane,
working to develop a programme of events around the
topic of cultural heritage and conflict.
Research and the British Academy.
Cultural Heritage and the Re-construction

of Identities after Conflict (CRIC)
marie louise stiG sreNseN (Division of Archaeology)
The four-year CRIC project was completed on 1 February

2012. It investigated the impact of destruction and
subsequent selective reconstruction of the cultural heritage
in different parts of Europe. The work performed took place
at two levels: case-study-specific research and analysis, and
comparative research and synthesis, and its dissemination
activities included an archive on Dspace www.dspace.
cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/214815 and youtube videos
introducing various case studies www.youtube.com/user/
CRICResearchProject. Looking back, the significance of the
case-study approach is obvious. It resulted in substantial
new knowledge and understanding of specific places
and how they came to play important roles in European
memory. On this basis it was possible to synthesize and
theorize about the varied and complex roles heritage plays
in the reconstruction of society after conflict including its
potential negative impact. In response, the project has
developed important analytical concepts some of which are
outlined here.
Spontaneous/grassroots memorialization developed within
the Spanish case studies also became apparent through
our research in Cyprus and Bosnia.
Institutionalization was a major characteristic of certain
reconstruction processes. The importance of this concept
was developed by colleagues in Dresden.
Essentializing tendencies within heritage discourses
were recognized and theoretically developed by CRIC
researchers in Cyprus. Our research shows how this effect
means that some groups or places become marginalized
or invisible as one place or one narrative takes over.
The tangible character of a place was shown to matter
in a number of ways, including its capacity to acquire
symbolic significance, its ability to stand-in for people and
events, and its affective impacts on its surroundings.
(Above) Detail of The Liberation Monument

(1973), Nicosia. (Right) Map of a besieged Sarajevo
produced during the war (199295) and exhibited
at the Tunnel Museum.
44
dacia vieJo-rose
dacia vieJo-rose
The project is funded by the EU under the FP7 programme; further

details can be found at http:///www.cric.arch.cam.ac.uk.
Research Grants
DM McDonald Grants and Awards

The Institute supports field projects and other research initiatives of the University of Cambridges archaeologists through
its annual grants from the DM McDonald Grants and Awards Fund. In 2012, grants totalling 143,243 were awarded to 34
projects ranging widely in time and space, many of which are highlighted in this report.
Projects
Gillian Carr
Re-presenting the Atlantic Wall
Craig Cessford
Stable Isotope Analysis of Skeletons from the
Hospital of St John the Evangelist, Cambridge
John Creese
Wendat Smoking Practices, Social Networks,
and Institution-building, ad 14001650
(Ontario, Canada)
Emanuela Cristiani
Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Foragers
of Northwestern Montenegro
Matthew Davies/Henrietta Moore
Marakwet Community Heritage Mapping
Project, Kenya
Susanne Hakenbeck
Hybrid Identities: Pastoralists and Farmers in
Fifth-century Hungary
Xinyi Liu
Isotopic Analysis of Individual Amino Acids of
Bone Collagen from Xinglonggou Site, China
Kate Spence
Reassessing New Kingdom Egyptian Colonialism in
Nubia and its Aftermath (Sesebi)
Giedre Motuzaite Matuzeviciute

Palaeodietary Analysis of NeolithicBronze Age
Populations, Altai Region, Southern Siberia
Rhiannon Stevens
Clumped Isotope Palaeothermometry of Land Snails
Magdalena Naum
Guests, Refugees, Colonists: Medieval
Migration in the Baltic Region (Denmark,
Kalmer, Estonia)
Philip Nigst
New Fieldwork at Kostenki 14, Russia
David Orton
The Political Context of Medieval Fish Trade in
the Eastern Baltic (Poland and Estonia)
Cameron Petrie
Land, Water and Settlement (Northwest India)
Nellie Phoca-Cosmetatou
Human Adaptations in Refugia (Grotta Paglicci)
Brian Stewart
Adaptations to Marginal Environments in the Middle
Stone Age (AMEMSA) (Lesotho)
Simon Stoddart
The Limits of Etruria Project (Col di Marzo)
Mary Anne Tafuri
Bridging the Gap: the Copper Age Evidence of
Food and Social Practices in Italy through Isotopic
Investigation
Emanuele Vaccaro
Framing Late Roman and Early Medieval
Settlements and Economies in Italy
Conferences
Liliana Janik
Rock Art of Northern Russia
Colin Renfrew
Keros Island Survey
Liliana Janik/Philip Nigst/

Nellie Phoca-Cosmetatou
Unravelling Human Origins
Sheila Kohring
Damerham Archaeology Project
John Robb
Bova Marina Project
John MacGinnis
The Provincial Archaeology of the Assyrian Empire
Luca Lai
Nuragic Diets and Lives: an Isotopic
Exploration of Variation in Bronze Age
Sardinian Society
Colin Shaw
Inferring Prehistoric Activity Patterns through
Analyses of Holocene and Pleistocene Skeletal
Morphology
David Orton
Making it Count
Alessandro Launaro/Martin Millett

Roman Colonial Landscapes (Liri Valley)
Laurence Smith
Suakin Project
Carenza Lewis
On Landguard Point Dig and Sow
Pamela Smith
Personal Histories
Cameron Petrie
The Early Complex Societies of Iran in the Fifth
Millennium bc
Simon Stoddart
Gardening Time: Reflections on Memory,
Monuments and History in Sardinia and Scotland
Karelia
Estonia
Cambridge
Denmark
Damerham
Poland
Kostenki
Channel Islands
Hungary
Col di Marzo
Montenegro
Sardinia
Grotta Paglicci
Bova Keros
Liri Valley
Sofiana Marina
Kalmar
Ontario
Sesebi
Altai region
Xinglonggou
Plains of NW India
Suakin
dora kemp
Marakwet
Lesotho
Locations of projects awarded a DM McDonald grant in 20112012.

45
Research Grants
Research Grants
Prof. Graeme Barker
Cultural Transformations and Environmental
Transitions in North Africa
(EC FP7, European Research Council)
Prof. Graeme Barker
The Cyrenaican Prehistory Project: Renewed
Fieldwork at the Haua Fteah
(Society for Libyan Studies)
Prof. Graeme Barker & Dr Mim Bower
The Domestication and Evolving Role of the Horse
on Eurasian Steppes in Prehistory (NERC/ORAU)
Prof. Graeme Barker & Amy Prendergast
Dating the Human Response to Climate Change
from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene in North
Africa from the Haua Fteah Cave Sequence in Libya
(NERC/ORAU)
Prof. Martin Jones

Food Globalization in Prehistory
Prof. Martin Jones
Origins and Spread of Agriculture in Southern Spain
and Northern Morocco (Consejo Superior de
Investigaciones Cientificas)
Prof. Martin Jones
Origins and Spread of Agriculture in the Southwest
Mediterranean Region
Prof. Martin Jones
Pioneers of Pan-Asian Contact: Early Farmers and
the Trail of Broomcorn Millet
(Leverhulme Trust)
Dr Cameron Petrie
Ukieri Standard - From the Collapse of
Harappan Urbanism
(British Council India)
Prof. Nicholas Postgate
Kilise Tepe Archaeological Project (AHRC)
Prof. Nicholas Postgate
MRF: the History and Archaeology of
Government in the Ancient Near East
(Leverhulme Trust)
Prof. Colin Renfrew
Becoming Human: the Emergence of Meaning
(John Templeton Foundation)
Prof. Colin Renfrew
Keros Island Survey (British Academy)
Prof. Martin Jones

The Vavilov Institute and Cambridge: Insights from
Historic Crop Resources (Royal Society)
Prof. Colin Renfrew

The Sanctuary at Keros
(Stavros S. Niarchos Foundation)
Prof. Graeme Barker

Long-term History of the Cultural Landscape of
Northern Banks Island. Visiting Fellowship of
Dr L. Hodgetts (British Academy)
Prof. Martin Jones

Wheat Archaeogenetics and the History of Wheat
Cultivation in the Western Mediterranean
(Isaac Newton Trust)
Dr John Robb
Economic Change in Prehistoric Central
Mediterranean (Isaac Newton Trust)
Dr James Barrett
Ancient DNA, Cod and the Origins of Commercial
Trade in Medieval Europe (Leverhulme Trust)
Prof. Martin Jones & Dr Tamsin OConnell

Changing Levels of Protein Intake
(Wellcome Trust)
Dr John Robb
Medical Anthropology of Prehistoric Europe: a
Cultural History of Variation, Illness and Death
(Wellcome Trust)
Dr James Barrett & Dr Rachel Ballantyne

The Brough of Deerness: Chronology, Power and
Ecology in the Early Medieval North (NERC/ORAU)
Dr Carenza Lewis
The Cambridge Community Heritage Project
(AHRC)
Dr Guillaume Robin (Dr John Robb)

Art and Death in Neolithic Europe
(EC FP7, Marie Curie)
Dr James Barrett
The Brough of Deerness Excavation 2011
(Orkney Islands Council)
Dr John MacGinnis
Ziyaret Tepe (Rausing Charitable Trust and
Brennan Foundation)

Bronze Age Creativity (AHRC/HERA)
Dr James Barrett & Prof. Martin Jones

The Ecological Correlates of Viking Age State
Formation (Isaac Newton Trust and
University of Oslo)
Dr Augusta McMahon
Creating and Resourcing the City in Fifth- to
Fourth-millennium bc North Mesopotamia: Tell Brak
Archaeological Project (British Academy)
Dr James Barrett
Fish Bone Archaeology
(The Fishmongers Company)
Dr Preston Miracle
Dating Vindija, Sandalja and Palaeolithic of Istria,
Croatia (NERC/ORAU)

Identity and Conflict: Cultural Heritage and the
Reconstruction of Identities after Conflict
(EC FP7, Collaborative Project)
Dr Gillian Carr
Legacies of Terror and Occupation
(Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research)
Dr Preston Miracle
Excavations at Vela Spila
(British Academy)
Dr Rhiannon Stevens
Cultural Innovation in the Palaeolithic
(Royal Society)
Dr Gillian Carr
Painful Heritage and the Dynamics of Memory in
Post-1989 Europe (AHRC)
Dr Giuseppina Mutri (Prof. Graeme Barker)

Human Adaptational Patterns to Arid
Environments in North Africa (EC FP7, Marie Curie)
Dr Emanuela Cristiani (Dr Preston Miracle)

Technology of the Last Foragers and First Farmers in
the Balkans (EC FP7, Marie Curie)
Dr Philip Nigst
Exploring the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic of the
Western Ukraine (The Leakey Foundation)
Dr Jay Stock
Assessing the Correspondence between
Behaviour and Skeletal Morphology in
Pleistocene and Holocene Hominins
(Dann Cushing Donation)
Prof. Charles French

Changes in Ancient Land and Water Use along the
Ro Ica, South-central Andes
(Leverhulme Trust)
Dr Tamsin OConnell
Dating the Looted Pre-Hispanic Cemeteries of the
Lower Ica Valley, Peru (NERC/ORAU)
Dr Helen Geake
National Finds Advisor: Medieval and Post Medieval
Artefacts (Portable Antiquities Scheme)
Prof. Martin Jones
Crops across Eurasia: Eastwest Contact in
Prehistory. Visiting Fellowship for Prof. Z. Zhao
(British Academy)
46

Forging Identities: the Mobility of Culture in
Bronze Age Europe
(EC FP7, ITN)
Dr Simon Stoddart
The Etruscan Frontier
(Thriplow Charitable Trust)
Dr Cameron Petrie
Bannu Archaeological Project Publications
(British Museum)
Dr Emanuele Vaccaro
Economics, Adaptation and the End of the
Roman Empire (Leverhulme Trust and
Isaac Newton Trust)
Dr Cameron Petrie
The Rise and Transformation of the Earliest Village
Societies in Highland Iran (Isaac Newton Trust)
Dr Emanuele Vaccaro
Land Estate and Economies in Late Antiquity:
the Philosophiana Project (British Academy)
Dr Cameron Petrie
Shahad and the Bronze Age in Southeast Iran
(British Institute for Persian Studies)
Dr Dacia Viejo-Rose
Cultural Violence/Violence Against Culture
(British Academy)
Events and Outreach
McDonald Annual Lecture

2 November charles hiGham (University of Otago) The Long and Winding Road that Leads to Angkor
McDonald Institute Seminars

12 October david ortoN (McDonald Institute) - Trading, Crusading,
and the Origin of the Modern Eastern Baltic Cod Fishery
19 October liliaNa JaNik (Division of Archaeology) In Search of Mythological Reality: Rock Art of Southern Siberia
13 June Jim leary (Field Archaeologist in Residence, McDonald

Institute) - The Giants of Wessex: Silbury Hill, the Marlborough
Mound and the Hatfield Barrow
Garrod Research Seminars

3 November GuNdula mueldNer (University of Reading) The Roman Diaspora Project: Multi-isotopic Approaches to
Population Diversity in Roman Britain
26 October keviN edWards (University of Aberdeen) Did the Norse Irrigate in Greenland? (and My Holiday Snaps from
the Middle Settlement)
10 November silvia Bello (Natural History Museum, London) Modified Teeth at Boxgrove and Human Skullcups at Goughs Cave:
Reconstructing Prehistoric Butchery Strategies, New Results from
the Examination of Cut-marks using 3-Dimensional Imaging
9 November maGdaleNa Naum (McDonald Institute) - Translocals:

Hansa Merchants between Kalmar (Sweden) and Northern German
Towns (c. 12501500)
24 November kate spielmaNN (Arizona State University) - Resistance

and Reorganization: Pueblo Responses to Spanish Colonization in
the 17th Century
16 November kate spielmaNN (Arizona State University) - Sustainable

Subsistence Agriculture in the Prehistoric Southwestern US and its
Implications for the Present
26 January Jacqui mulville (Cardiff University) Wild Things? Deer in Prehistory
23 November JohN creese (McDonald Institute) - Being and Belonging:

the Politics of Seventeenth-century Wendat Bodily Transactions
25 January aNNa muthesius (Lucy Cavendish College) Hidden Treasure: Cambridge Textiles as Text
1 February Jamie hampsoN (University of the Witwatersrand) Contested Images: Rock Art On and Off the Rocks
8 February NoNa paliNcas (Vasile Parvan Institute of Archaeology) Body and Power in the Outer-Carpathian Late Bronze Age
(c. 17001500 Bc)
15 February krish seetah (University of Central Lancashire) The Mauritian Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Project: Slavery and
Indenture in the Indian Ocean World
22 February JoaN oates (McDonald Institute) Agatha Christie and the Excavations at Nimrud
29 February laureNce smith (McDonald Institute) - Archaeology and
Trade at Suakin, a Late Medieval Port on the Red Sea, Sudan
9 February christiNa riGGs (University of East Anglia) The Archaeology of the Secret: Knowledge, Power, Ancient Egypt
23 February melaNie Giles (University of Manchester) Martial Materiality: the Roos Carr Figures
8 March craiG cipolla (University of Leicester) Historical Archaeology and Community Participation: Working with
the Brothertown Indian Nation
7 June Botjan Odar (The Palaeolithic Research Centre, Slovenia)
and Ljuben Dimkaroski (Slovenian National Theater, Opera and
Ballet, Ljubljanas) - The Sounds of Prehistory: a Phenomenological
Approach towards the Origins of Music, featuring a Live
Performance on a Replica of the Divje Babe Palaeolithic Flute
Conferences and Workshops

2830 October Society for Medieval Archaeology Student
Colloquium
5 November Landscapes of Anglo-Saxon Christianity (HERC)
14 March susaNNe hakeNBeck (McDonald Institute) Smiths and the Zeitgeist of the Early Medieval Period
11 February North American Landscapes and Seascapes:

Transatlantic Views (NARG)
25 April lisa hodGetts (University of Western Ontario) Beyond Land Use: Reconstructing Past Landscapes of Banks Island,
Western Canadian Arctic
25 February Recent Research in Vernacular Architecture: Rural

Building Traditions of the Poorer Sort (HERC)
2 May valerie hiGGiNs (American University of Rome) - Making Headlines:

Why the Excavation of Human Remains can become Controversial
9 May maria Jos lpez-GraNde (Fundacion Caja Madrid) Motherhood and Breastfeeding Evocation in Pottery Remains from
Dra Abu el-Naga
16 May isaBelle vella GreGory (Christs College Cambridge) Rediscovering the Temple of Mnajdra
18 May c. reid FerriNG (University of North Texas) Lower Pleistocene Site Formation and Hominin Occupations at Dmanisi
in the Georgian Caucasus
11 April Death Shall have no Dominion: the Archaeology of

Mortality and Immortality
19 May Colloquium on Death, Memory and the Landscape (HERC)
9 June Parks, Gardens and Designed Landscapes of Medieval
Wales (HERC)
21 June Integrating Zooarchaeology and Stable Isotope Analyses
7 July The Birds and the Fishes: Wildlife Conservation and
Archaeological Evidence
256 August Forgotten War and Occupation Heritage:
Shedding Light on the Darkness
23 May derya yilmaz (Cannikale Onsekiz Mart University) Chronology of Early Troy I in the Light of the Pottery Types
1316 September Play, Ritual and Belief in Animals and in Early

Human Societies
6 June JohN macGiNNis (McDonald Institute) Evidence for the Assyrian Involvement in the Southern Levant
2123 September Connections, Contributions and Complexity:

Africas Later Holocene Archaeology in Global Perspective
47
Events and Outreach
Discussion Groups
The African Archaeology Group (AAG) was set up in 2008
to revive the African Seminar previously established by
Dr John Alexander. Its aims are to discuss current research
programs and results of Cambridge archaeologists working
in Africa, to hold seminars by Africanist speakers, to bridge
University departments and research bodies interested in
Africas past, and to maintain the tradition of Cambridges
long-standing involvement in African archaeology.
Contact: Matthew Davies (md564@cam.ac.uk ); Shadia Taha (st446@
cam.ac.uk); Laurence Smith (ls101@cam.ac.uk).
The Americas Archaeology Group is open to anyone

interested in archaeological and anthropological research
projects throughout the Americas. Presentations are given
by research students, postdocs, visiting scholars and lecturers
from the UK and overseas institutions. Meetings are usually
held Monday afternoons in the McDonald Seminar Room. A
trip to the pub tends to follow for lively, informal discussions.
All are welcome!
Contact: Viviana Bellifemine Sanchez-Chopitea (vb266@cam.ac.uk).
The Archaeological Field Club (AFC) provides a range

of lectures, site trips and other events to broaden the
knowledge of, and further enthuse, those with an interest in
archaeology.
Contact: Jamie Cameron (jac255@cam.ac.uk).
The Art Group provides a forum for the exchange of

ideas about visual art, including prehistoric as well as
contemporary art. Alongside presentations focusing on
prehistoric art of the world, we will also consider how our
existing understanding of contemporary art influences the
way we look at and construe interpretations of prehistoric
imagery and vice versa.
The George Pitt-Rivers Lunchtime Seminars are generally

given by researchers based in or around the University of
Cambridge. They are primarily aimed at researchers working
in the archaeobotany, genetics and isotope laboratories in the
McDonald Institute, but cover a wide range of topics.
Contact: Jennifer Bates (jb599@cam.ac.uk).
The Heritage Research Group is made up of graduate

students, academics, heritage practitioners and other interested
parties. In addition to helping organize the annual Cambridge
Heritage Seminar (a successful international conference), the
main focus of the Heritage Research Group is its seminar series.
The seminars aim to bring together researchers from diverse
disciplinary backgrounds, whose projects cover a wide range of
topics within the broad field of heritage.
Contact: Gillian Carr (gcc20@cam.ac.uk); Britt Baillie (bab30@cam.ac.uk);
Meghan Bowe (mkb40@cam.ac.uk).
The Later European Prehistory Group welcomes everyone

interested in the European Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Ages.
The group provides an informal and friendly setting for the
exchange of ideas, dissemination of research results and the
discussion of current topics of interest. Professionals, students and
academics are invited to contribute.
Contact: Bela Dimova (bd283@cam.ac.uk).
The Medieval Archaeology Group meets to discuss recent

research on historical archaeology from the fifth to fifteenth
centuries ad.
Contact: Susanne Hakenbeck (seh43@cam.ac.uk); Helen Geake
(hg260@cam.ac.uk); James Barrett (jhb41@cam.ac.uk).
Contact: Liliana Janik (lj102@cam.ac.uk); Jess Cooney (jbc35@cam.

ac.uk); Sarah Evans (sce25@cam.ac.uk).
The Mesopotamian Seminar Series attracts speakers from

the UK and overseas institutions and offers a focus for the wide
range of Assyriological and Ancient Near Eastern archaeological
projects across the University, builds links with other research
centres and offers a chance for all to see the work that is being
carried out in this large and important field of research.
The Asian Archaeology Group (AsAG) aims to provide a

forum for new research and discussion for those working
in the field of Asian archaeology. We have talks every other
week that cover the Asian continent in all its diversity
from megaliths in Borneo and minarets in Turkmenistan to
phytoliths in India and starch grains in China!
The PalMeso Discussion Group for all things Palaeolithic

Mesolithic has continued to attract guest speakers from all
around Britain, as well as providing a forum for Cambridge
MPhil and PhD students to present the results of their own
research in a relaxed atmosphere.
Contact: Adam Stone (abs27@cam.ac.uk).
Contact: Jennifer Bates (jb599@cam.ac.uk); Danika Parikh (dp375@

cam.ac.uk); Yijie Zhuang (yz330@cam.ac.uk).
Contact: Pa Spry-Marqus (vps27@camac.uk); Emanuela Cristiani

(ec484@cam.ac.uk); Giuseppina Mutri (gm461@cam.ac.uk).
The Egyptian World Seminar Series, supported by the

Mulvey Fund, continues to present recent research and
discussions regarding Egyptology. It attracts speakers
from around Britain and the EU who cover all aspects of
Egyptology as anthropology, archaeology, philology and
museum studies.
TAT (Thinking About Things) is an informal fortnightly meeting

which takes place in the Material Culture Laboratory. TAT hopes
to capture a spirit of enquiry and to create a community of likeminded individuals; postgraduate students and postdocs, who
are trying to come up with ways to make social sense of the
material worlds they are studying.
Contact: Sian Thomas (set14@cam.ac.uk).
The Garrod Research Seminars represent the Department

of Archaeologys main series of invited scholarly lectures.
Each year they relate to a specific theme.
Contact: Marie Louise Stig Srensen (mlss@cam.ac.uk);
Tamsin OConnell (tco21@hermes.cam.ac.uk).
48
Contact: Ben Cartwright (bhjc2@cam.ac.uk); John Creese

(jlc75@cam.ac.uk); Astrid van Oyen (av360@cam.ac.uk).
The Zooarchaeology Discussion Group showcases

zooarchaeological and osteoarchaeological studies undertaken
in the Institute.
Contact: Christopher Stimpson (cs474@cam.ac.uk).
Events and Outreach
careNza leWis (McDonald Institute)
In 201112, Access Cambridge Archaeology (ACA), directed by Dr

Carenza Lewis continued its programme of educational aspirationraising activities for secondary schools along with a growing number
of community programmes involving archaeology and heritage. ACA
employs Catherine Ranson and Clemency Cooper in full-time roles as
archaeological supervisor and administrator respectively, and Jessica
Rippengal (Division of Archaeology), Gary Marriner (former MPhil
student, Cambridge) and Jennifer French (PhD student, Cambridge)
are involved on occasional and part-time bases providing support for
excavation and the assessment of written reports by school learners. In
addition, many graduate and undergraduate students are also involved
each year as volunteers on summer fieldwork and winter courses.
The Higher Education Field Academy (HEFA) programme continued
in 2012 despite funding cuts. 255 school pupils, plus school staff,
spent 765 days on HEFA courses, excavating and writing up a total of
87 test-pit excavations within currently occupied rural settlements
(CORS). Settlements which were excavated by ACA for the first time
during HEFAs include Bramford (Suffolk), Shefford (Bedfordshire) and
Peakirk (Cambridgeshire). A new assessment framework (providing
more detail regarding learners strengths and performance across a
wide range of skills) was used effectively by assessors and proved to
be a useful, if challenging, means of increasing learners awareness of
their performance on HEFA and their appreciation of the value to them
of their achievements. From 201215 the HEFA programme will be
funded by the Cambridge Admissions Office as part of its Widening
Participation activities.
The winter programme of archaeological Discovery Days for schools,
run by ACA in Cambridge from NovemberMarch for 10- to 14-yearolds, continued in 201112. These were explicitly linked to learning
objectives in core curriculum subjects including History, Geography
and Biology. 324 learners, plus school staff, attended Discovery Days in
201112, 60% more than in 201011.
daNiel kiNG
A third strand was added to ACAs archaeologically-inspired provision

for learning in schools when the first History GCSE students took part
in ACA-run excavations in the fen-edge village of Isleham (Cambs.).
They completed their GCSE History Around Us assessment using their
excavated data to explore and contextualize the development of
the historic settlement. A session on this activity, including a taster
Six-formers excavating a prehistoric, Roman and

Anglo-Saxon site on the grounds of Ridley Hall.
excavation, was given to the Annual Schools History Project Conference

for history teachers which generated much excitement. It is hoped
this will ultimately enable more schools to adopt this way of teaching
History via curriculum-linked hands-on participation in archaeological
investigation linked to academic research.
Community ACA projects included: excavation in the grounds of
Ridley Hall with Oxbridge-aspiring sixth-formers and members of
Cambridge Field Archaeology Group; fieldwalking at the lost chapel
site of Brundon (Suffolk) and excavation of a lost medieval stream
channel in Bures (Essex) as part of the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF)funded Managing a Masterpiece programme with volunteers including
students and staff from Great Cornard Upper School; community testpit excavations for the Arts Council funded project On Landguard Point
(see p. 52); and excavations at Swaffham Bulbeck as part of the project
Time Detectives in collaboration with local charity Red2Green. The latter
was funded by the HLF to enable adults affected by autism to take part
in community excavations in order to socialize and develop skills.
A very different project for ACA was Cambridge Community Heritage
(CCH), funded by AHRC to enable universities to set up research teams
providing advice and encouragement to community groups bidding
to the HLF All Our Stories fund to run heritage-related projects in
their communities. Representatives from community groups across
the eastern region attended two open days run with the support
of the University of Cambridge Office for Community Affairs, and
subsequently worked closely with their allocated CCH researcher
to develop their ideas into a realistic bid. This project provided an
innovative and effective model for community engagement, quite
different from any undertaken by the university before, and which it is
hoped will be the first of more similar community-initiated universitysupported projects in the future.
The total number of test pits excavated as part of the Currently Occupied
Rural Settlements project has now reached 1359. This work continues
to throw new light on the development of settlements in the medieval
period and a paper presenting new evidence for the impact of the
Black Death on eastern England was given by Carenza Lewis at the
European Association of Archaeologists conference in Helsinki.
In total, around 1700 people took part in hands-on archaeological
activities run by ACA in 201112 totalling more than 3300 days, divided
approximately equally between school and community programmes. For
more information about ACA activities see www.arch.cam.ac.uk/aca/.
Residents of the Stour Valley excavating trenches in Bures (Essex),

while Bures Primary School pupils search the spoil heap.
49
catheriNe raNsoN
Access Cambridge Archaeology
Events and Outreach
Prehistory Day (22 October 2011)
13th Cambridge Heritage Seminar (28 April 2012)
Prehistory Day continues to be a highlight of Cambridges

annual Festival of Ideas. Members of the McDonald
Institute and the Division of Archaeology welcomed over
400 visitors of all ages to the Cambridge Archaeological
Unit. They:
hunted wild boar and a large stuffed tiger using a spear
thrower;
learnt about the different methods used to preserve
animal skins;
ground up grains using a saddle quern and baked their
own bread in a clay oven;
explored a purpose-built cave and had their faces
painted with Celtic designs;
made a lot of mess with paints and potting clay;
created their own Lascaux horses from charcoal and
ochre pigments;
marvelled at a demonstration of smelting metal from ore
to make a spear point;
dug for their own finds in a sandpit.
Demonstrators enjoyed it all just as much as the visitors!
The central theme of this years seminar was reflections on the

heritage field with contributions from Cambridge Heritage
MPhil Alumni, providing a unique forum for alumni, heritage
practitioners and current students to discuss their professional
and personal interactions with heritage. The intent of this
structure was to critically evaluate and reorient current heritage
practices, and reflect on its trajectory for the future the
story of heritage and its stories in the making. Session themes
included: Contested Heritage, Post-colonial Heritage, Museums
and Monuments and the Future of Heritage. The conference
focused its discussion on current challenges and future
directions of heritage, raising the question: how do we bridge
the gap between the intrinsic inter-generational divide in order
to create a positive future story for heritage? The future of
heritage relies, we found, on strengthening ideas and dialogues
among heritage professionals, and encouraging collaborations
with students of heritage. Creating and maintaining these
networks are fundamental for the ongoing development of
heritage as a discipline.
Jessie lipkoWitz
50
dora kemp
sara harrop
dora kemp
dora kemp
Archaeologys contribution to Cambridge Universitys

annual Science Festival proved as popular as ever.
Participants of all ages enjoyed hands-on activities to learn
how archaeologists use scientific methods to investigate
the human story. They:
examined and identified butchered animal bones;
studied the morphological differences between a
modern human and a Neanderthal skull;
dug for bird and rodent bones in a model cave;
learnt how archaeologists use stable isotopes to study
diet;
examined microscopic evidence of the past as shown
through soil samples;
looked at evidence for how plants were used as food
and fuel in the past.
sara harrop
Science Day (17 March 2012)
Events and Outreach
Personal Histories Project

pamela JaNe smith (McDonald Institute)
Through large public oral history of science events and

their subsequent film archiving and dissemination, Personal
Histories exposes the history of thought within disciplinary
traditions and makes this knowledge available to humanities
researchers, students and the public. From 2011 to 2012, the
Personal Histories team organized four major retrospective
discussions.
Personal Histories is funded by the McDonald Institute for
Archaeological Research, The Thriplow Charitable Trust, Dr John
Pickles and Professor Thurstan Shaw. For more information see
www.personal-histories.co.uk or contact
Pamela Jane Smith at pjs1011@cam.ac.uk.
(Top left) Michael Shanks recounts his life and the

history of the Roman site Binchester on 3 July 2012
during Stories from Binchester: Heritage and Archaeology in the North East. (Right) On 26 April 2012, Mick Aston, from the popular television
programme, Time Team, spoke informally about his long life in archaeology. The occasion was well attended and the film from this event will
soon be available. (Bottom left) Participants of The Bone Rooms Past: Revolution in Palaeoeconomic Studies (2 November 2011).
P I T O T I Exhibition
Frederick Baker (San Polton, Austria) & christopher chippiNdale

(Museum of Archaeology & Anthropology)
During this year, the project took forward its pioneering collaboration
in joining together two graphic traditions the ancient rock-art of
prehistoric Europe called in Italian dialect pitoti and made by hammering
into natural stone surfaces, as transformed by interacting with
contemporary digital graphics. Marcel Karnapke, student team member,
participated with his dissertation work (which deservedly won a university
prize), and took the extra step of making 3D prints with digital laser-scans
of the images. He writes of them: we can now print in 3 dimensions, that
is, make a physical model of the form by cutting away from a solid
block, as a sculptor carves marble, or by building up.
So these 3D prints are the exact reverse, the mirror of the pitoti. They are
shapes of solid surrounded by air, perfectly identical to a fraction of a
millimetre. Yet, they project a different spirit more vivid, more active,
more alive. ... One might say that as long as the pitoti reside in their original
surfaces they are trapped: in their original physical location, they are
held within the rock, as shapes of air within an enclosing physical cage.
Reversed in form into these physical objects in the air, they can move
wherever they will. They can stretch, enlarge, change their stance if they
wish, travel out from their valley to an art gallery in Milan or England.
Archaeology and Wildlife Conservation

david ortoN (McDonald Institute)
Efforts to conserve biodiversity in the present and to

anticipate impacts of environmental change in the future
often draw on assumptions about the status of ecosystems
in the past. While rich material evidence for past animal
populations and their exploitation emerges every day from
archaeological excavations, limited communication between
disciplines means that this potentially valuable data source is
seldom brought to bear on conservation issues. This project
set out to explore the potential of zooarchaeological data sets
for contemporary wildlife conservation and management, and
to develop concrete recommendations for how this potential
might be realized.
The core of the project has been a series of interviews with
representatives of various stakeholder groups, including
conservation NGOs and relevant governmental agencies. This
culminated in a conference entitled The Birds and the Fishes:
Archaeological Evidence and Wildlife Conservation, hosted by
the McDonald Institute, bringing together archaeologists and
conservation scientists from various organizations to discuss
potential ways forward.
hamish park
The project is funded by the University of Cambridge through

the Roberts Fund, with additional conference support from the
McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
A 3D print made as part of the P I T O T I

exhibition which will be coming to the Museum of
Archaeology and Anthropology in 2013.
51
Events and Outreach
careNza leWis (McDonald Institute)

On Landguard Point was an unusual project which
linked archaeological excavation with performance art
in an innovative mass-participation collaboration which
culminated in a full-length feature film. It formed part
of Artists taking the Lead, a series of twelve public art
commissions across the UK to celebrate the London
2012 Cultural Olympiad and was funded by Arts Council
England. On Landguard Point was conceived and directed
by Robert Pacitti, specialist maker of live performance
art, as a project about home, aiming to explore what this
means to people living in the east of England. It comprised
a series of large-scale public events, including speciallycommissioned archaeological excavations, which involved
thousands of people across the region as participants and
audience. The music for the film of On Landguard Point
was written and recorded by Michael Nyman (probably
most famous for his score for the film The Piano), and
it was shown in cinemas across the eastern region in
summer 2012 to coincide with the Olympic Games and the
Paralympics.
Access Cambridge Archaeologys participation in the project
involved archaeological excavations, sub-titled Dig and Sow,
with the idea that digging into the ground near ones own
home creates an umbilical link between the homes and
the residents of the present and those of the past. Test-pit
excavations were carried out in six communities across
the eastern region, with each bringing together residents,
friends and neighbours in the challenge of completing their
own excavation in just one day. The finds they made would
link them to those who had, in the past, spent time in the
places occupied by todays homes. At the end of the day,
before each excavation was backfilled, the excavators would
deposit a miniature silver charm representing an aspect of
the culture of the East Anglian region into the bottom of the
pit. This ritualized deposition was the sow element of Dig
and Sow. The physical effort and commitment required to
carry out the excavations in a single day were appropriately
analogous to that involved in sporting endeavour at the top,
Olympic, level.
In total, 148 excavations took place in Ashwell (Herts.),
Maidenhall (Ipswich), Peakirk (Cambs.), Clavering (Essex),
Paston (Norfolk) and Potton (Beds.). The archaeological
information they produced clearly opened the eyes of
those digging to the fascination of finding the past buried
under their feet, and has contributed to ongoing research
at the McDonald Institute into currently occupied rural
settlements in the eastern region. Ashwell unexpectedly
produced no pottery of immediate pre-Norman Conquest
date, a startling discovery given that Domesday Book
records 14 burgesses under Ashwell, suggesting a
settlement of some size and probable urban status.
This will prompt further investigation. Paston, famous
for its collection of fifteenth-century family letters from
the period of the Wars of the Roses, has been shown to
have been severely affected by post-fourteenth-century
contraction with much of the settlement apparently
abandoned. By way of contrast, the small Cambridgeshire
52
fen-edge village of Peakirk was shown to have been settled

continuously for more than 1000 years, and previously in
the Roman period, with little sign of late medieval decline.
The commitment shown by the participants was
remarkable, especially in occasionally very adverse
weather conditions, and the sense of celebration in shared
achievement, as people gathered in community halls
for tea and cakes at the end of each day, was palpable
and inspiring. ACAs involvement with the project was
important in a number of ways. It introduced many
people to archaeology and gave them an unforgettable
experience, while providing valuable new information
about the past. It added an extra dimension to the
film which significantly enriched it. But more broadly,
by involving archaeology in a cultural project focused
on performance art, it showed how archaeology can
contribute to a broader range of community cultural
and arts programmes and reinforced the links between
archaeology, heritage, museums, culture and the arts.
And we can hope that it has brought the possibility of an
arts film one day dedicated to conveying the beauty of
archaeology, its ability to inspire, its capacity to convey
wider allegorical messages, perhaps a step closer.
This was a project from which everyone involved will
doubtless have gained something different. The final words
about its capacity to speak to those involved are given here
to one of the East Anglian residents who took part in the
digging:
I was given the silver rifle charm yesterday to bury in a test
pit my team dug in my back garden. As I lay the rifle in the
bottom of my pit I had a sudden rush of emotion: my son is
in Afghanistan at the moment serving in our armed forces. I
snatched the rifle from the pit and put it back in the envelope
I had freed it from two minutes earlier. My promise to you is,
in October when my son returns safely home I will place this
charm in the ground at a depth of 500 mm. My son, and my
family, make my Home (P P, excavated on Dig and Sow in
Potton, June 2012)
Artist Robert Pacitti talking to a packed village hall in

Clavering (Essex), about the results of the community
excavations there during the On Languard Point Dig and
Sow project for the London 2012 Cultural Olympiad.
catheriNe raNsoN
On Landguard Point
Publications
Cambridge Archaeological Journal

JohN roBB
The Cambridge Archaeological Journal continues to grow in

reputation for its quality and diversity of content as well as its
production standards. Our tradition of publishing stimulating,
theoretical, eclectic archaeological work from around the world is
evidenced this year by articles ranging in subject from reproductive
symbolism in rock art to the history of aerial survey, from moral
narrative in the ancient Mayan murals of Mexico to stone axes in
Arnhem Land, Australia and their implications for the evolution of
fully modern humans.
The number of new manuscripts
submitted to the journal and
the number of subscriptions
are increasing. As a result, two
major changes in the way CAJ
is responding to the digital era
are underway and will appear in
the coming months. Firstly, CAJ
will be implementing first-view
publishing meaning that articles
will be published online ahead of
print publication as soon as they
go through production. Most
journals are going this way and
we anticipate it will be very useful
particularly for UK-based authors
as the REF deadline approaches.
Secondly, CAJ will be moving from
traditional manuscript submission
to submission via the ScholarOne
online submission system. Again,
more and more journals are moving
to such systems and we expect that
it will help our manuscript flow and
workload substantially.
The journal team of John Robb
(Editor), Katherine Boyle (Reviews
and Copy Editor), Liz Farmar
(Administrator) and Dora Kemp
(Production Editor) are looking
forward to these new challenges
ahead.
Vol. 21, No. 3, October 2011

Astronomy in the Upper Palaeolithic? by brian Hayden and Suzanne VilleneuVe
Autistic Spectrum Disorder in Prehistory
by Catriona PiCkard, ben PiCkard & CliVe bonSall
The Bronze Age of Southeast Asia: New Insight on Social Change from
Ban Non Wat by CHarleS HigHam
Deconstructing Neolithic Monumental Space: the Montenegro Enclosure
in Galicia (Northwest Iberia) by Camila gianotti, PatriCia maana-borrazS,
FeliPe Criado-boado & elaS lPez-romero
Animals as Agents: Hunting Ritual and Relational Ontologies in Prehistoric
Alaska and Chukotka by eriCa Hill
PG 1237, Royal Cemetery of Ur: Patterns in Death by maSSimo Vidale
Reproductive Symbolism in Great Basin Rock Art: Bighorn Sheep Hunting,
Fertility and Forager Ideology by alan P. garFinkel & donald r. auStin
Vol. 22, No. 1, February 2012
The Origins of Ground-edge Axes: New Findings from Nawarla
Gabarnmang, Arnhem Land (Australia) and Global Implications for the
Evolution of Fully Modern Humans by Jean-miCHel geneSte, bruno daVid,
HugueS PliSSon, Jean-JaCqueS delannoy & Fiona PetCHey
Coins in Context: Local Economy, Value and Practice on the East African
Swahili Coast by StePHanie Wynne-JoneS & JeFFrey FleiSHer
The Emergence of Bone Technologies at the End of the Pleistocene in
Southeast Asia: Regional and Evolutionary Implications
by ryan J. rabett & PHiliP J. PiPer
Sarmatian Mirrors and Han Ingots (100 bCad 100): How the Foreign
became Local and Vice Versa by aliCe yao
A Spectacular History of Survey by Flying Machine!
by Helen WiCkStead & martyn barber
Adaptation or Aesthetic Alleviation: Which Kind of Evolution Do We See in
Saharan Herder Rock Art of Northeast Chad? by tilman lenSSen-erz
Terminal Classic Maya Heterodoxy and Shrine Vernacularism in the Sibun
Valley, Belize by PatriCia a. mCanany
Vol. 22, No. 2, June 2012
The Good Prince: Transition, Texting and Moral Narrative in the Murals
of Bonampak, Chiapas, Mexico by StePHen HouSton
Decorating the Neolithic: an Evaluation of the Use of Plaster in the
Enhancement of Daily Life in the Middle Pre-pottery Neolithic B
of the Southern Levant by Joanne Clarke
Mide Rock-paintings: Archaeology by Formal and Informed Methods
by rex WeekS
Bears and Meanings among Hunter-fisher-gatherers in Northern
Fennoscandia 90002500 bC by knut HelSkog
Thinking a Bow-and-arrow Set: Cognitive Implications of
Middle Stone Age Bow and Stone-tipped Arrow Technology
by marlize lombard & miriam nol Haidle
The Long and Winding Road that Leads to Angkor by CHarleS HigHam
53
Publications
McDonald Institute Monographs
James Barrett (Series Editor), dora kemp (Production Manager) & liz Farmar (Administrator)
The McDonald Institute is committed to publishing new perspectives and ground-breaking research in the field of
archaeology. We are proud to publish academic monographs of the highest quality across a range of subjects, ranging
from excavation reports to conference proceedings and the history of linguistics.
Recent reviews of McDonald Monographs
Why Cultivate? Anthropological and Archaeological Approaches to ForagingFarming Transitions in Southeast Asia,
edited by Graeme Barker & Monica Janowski
[a] handsomely produced and illustrated book...
Ian Glover, ASEASUK News 51 (2012)
Mortuary Customs in Prehistoric Malta (2009), edited by Caroline Malone, Simon Stoddart, Anthony Bonnano and David Trump
This is an attractive, substantial and well-illustrated excavation report... Whether or not [the] question of mortuary custom can be fully
answered, this is an extremely important research monograph for anyone interested in Maltese prehistory
Mike Parker Pearson, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society (August 2012)
Being an Islander: Production and Identity at Quoygrew, Orkney, ad 9001600

edited by James H. Barrett
Hardback | 56 | ISBN 978-1-902937-61-8 | xiv+366 pp. | 286 220 mm | 157 figs., 44 tables, 20 appendices | October 2012
Quoygrew a settlement of farmers and fishers on the island of Westray in Orkney was
continuously occupied from the tenth century until 1937. Focusing on the archaeology of its first
700 years, this volume explores how small worlds both reflected and impacted the fundamental
pan-European watersheds of the Middle Ages: the growth of population, economic production and
trade from the tenth to the thirteenth centuries and the subsequent economic and demographic
retrenchment of the fourteenth to fifteenth centuries. Concurrently, it addresses the nature of island
societies, with distinctive identities shaped by the interplay of isolation and interconnectedness.
Bones for Tools Tools for Bones: the Interplay Between Objects and Objectives
edited by Krish Seetah and Brad Gravina
Hardback | 45 | ISBN 978-1-902937-59-5 | xii+164 pp. | 286 220 mm | 99 ills., 26 tables | December 2012
Animal procurement and tool production form two of the most tightly connected components of human
behaviour. They are tied to our emergence as a genus, were fundamental to the dispersal of our species, and
underpin the development of our societies. This volume begins the process of integrating what have all too
often become isolated archaeological and interpretative domains. In taking a more inclusive approach to
the material, technological and social dynamics of early human subsistence we have returned to the earliest
of those archaeological associations: that between stone tools and animal bones. In revealing the interdependence of their relationship, this volume takes what we hope will be a first step towards a revitalized
understanding of the scope of past interactions between humans and the world around them.
Spong Hill Part IX: Chronology and Synthesis
by Catherine Hills and Sam Lucy
Hardback | 59 | ISBN 978-1-902937-62-5 | xvi+424 pp. | 286 220 mm | 166 ills., 70 tables, 6 appendices | May 2013
Spong Hill, with over 2500 cremations, remains the largest early Anglo-Saxon cremation cemetery
to have been excavated in Britain. This volume presents the long-awaited chronology and
synthesis of the site. It gives a detailed overview of the artefactual evidence, which includes
over 1200 objects of bone, antler and ivory. Using this information, together with programmes
of correspondence analysis of the cremation urns and the grave-goods, a revised phasing
and chronology of the site is offered, which argues that it is largely fifth-century in date. The
implications of this revised dating for interpretations of the early medieval period in Britain and
further afield are explored in full.
54
Publications
GeNeral editors 201112: suzaNNe pilaar Birch,

rosaliNd Wallduck & domiNic Walker
The Archaeological Review from Cambridge (ARC) is a

thirty-year-old journal edited by postgraduate research
students in the Division of Archaeology and affiliated
departments, and has launched two issues this past
academic year.
Our November 2011 issue, Collaborative Archaeology,
edited by Dominic Walker examines the ethical and
methodological challenges faced by the archaeologist
in collaborative work. Our April 2012 issue, Science and
the Material Record, edited by Katie Hall and Danika
Parikh, discusses the interplay between scientific
method and social narrative in archaeology.
ARC is also pleased to announce the themes of our
next two issues this upcoming year: in November 2012,
Archaeology and the (De)Construction of National and
Supra-National Polities, edited by Russell Ragin and
Catalin Popa will examine the relationship between
archaeology and nationalism. In April 2013, Archaeology
and Cultural Mixing: Creolization, Hybridity, and Mestizaje,
edited by Paul van Pelt, will critically explore how
processes of cultural mixing have been described by
archaeologists.
More information about these and past issues, as well
as subscriptions and how you can contribute, can be
found on our website at: http://www.societies.cam.
ac.uk/arc/.
Members/Fellows Publications
Martin allen
2011 The Cambridge mint after the Norman Conquest:
addenda. Numismatic Chronicle 171, 2579.
2011 The exchanges in the City of London, 13441538, in
Proceedings of the XIVth International Numismatic Congress
Glasgow 2009, ed. N. Holmes. Glasgow: International
Numismatic Council, 13559.
2011 Post-Roman coins, in Winchester a City in the Making:
Archaeological Excavations between 2002 and 2007 on the
Site of Northgate House, Staple Gardens and the Former
Winchester Library, Jewry St, eds. B.M. Ford & S. Teague. (Oxford
Archaeology Monograph 12.) Oxford: Oxford Archaeology,
3045.
2011 (with M. Blackburn). Gold coins from two sixteenthcentury English hoards: Bisham Abbey and Houghton-cumWyton. British Numismatic Journal 81, 2406.
2011 (with M. Blackburn). Coins, tokens and jettons, in Trade
and Prosperity, War and Poverty: an Archaeological and
Historical Investigation into Southamptons French Quarter, eds.
R. Brown & A. Hardy. (Oxford Archaeology Monograph 15.)
Oxford: Oxford Archaeology, 1623.
2011 (with I. Leins, S. Moorhead, J. Naylor & P. Walton). Coin
register 2011. British Numismatic Journal 81, 26092.
2012 Mints and Money in Medieval England. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
2012 The currency and the economy in late medieval England.
Yorkshire Numismatist 4, 17582.
2012 Mints and money in Norman England, in Anglo-Norman
Studies XXXIV: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2011, ed. D.
Bates. Woodbridge: Boydell, 121.
2012 The Winchester mint and exchange, 11581250, in
The Winchester Mint and Coins and Related Finds from the
Excavations of 196171, ed. M. Biddle. (Winchester Studies 8.)
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 5665.
2012 (with M. Blackburn and the late C. Blunt & M. Dolley).
Anglo-Saxon and later coins, in The Winchester Mint and
Coins and Related Finds from the Excavations of 196171, ed.
M. Biddle. (Winchester Studies 8.) Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 61134.
2012 (with M. Biddle). Lead seal, possibly of Henry I, in
The Winchester Mint and Coins and Related Finds from the
Excavations of 196171, ed. M. Biddle. (Winchester Studies 8.)
Sally-ann aShton
2011 (with J.M. Massing). Triumph Protection and Dreams: East
African Headrests in Context. Cambridge: Fitzwilliam Museum.
Britt Baillie
2012 Vukovars Divided Memory: the Reification of Ethnicity
through Memorialisation. (Conflict in Cities Working Paper
Series.) http://www.conflictincities.org/workingpapers.html
rachel Ballantyne
2012 Vegetation survey of the Farmers House enclosed area,
in Experimental Archaeology and Fire: the Investigation of a
Burnt Reconstruction at West Stow Anglo-Saxon Village, ed. J.
Tipper. (East Anglian Archaeology 146.) Bury St Edmunds:
Suffolk County Council, Archaeological Service, 11420.
2012 (with A. de Vareilles). Charred plant and mollusc
remains, Addenbrookes Hospital excavations, 2007 & 2010:
the last of the Crasters enclosure, by C. Evans, J. Hutton & S.
Timberlake. Proceedings of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society
101, 111.
55
Publications
Members/Fellows
Publications (cont.)
GraeMe Barker
2011 (with S. Jones, L. Farr, H. Barton, N.A.
Drake & K. White). Geoarchaeological
patterns in the pre-desert and desert
ecozones of northern Cyrenaica. Libyan
Studies 42, 1119.
2011 (with C.O. Hunt, I. Brooks, J. Meneely,
D. Brown & A. Buzaian). The Cyrenaican
Prehistory Project 2011: Late-Holocene
environments and human activity from a
cave fill in Cyrenaica, Libya. Libyan Studies
42, 7787.
2011 (with M.G. Campana, F. Stock, E. Barrett,
N. Benecke, K. Seetah & M.A. Bower).
Genetic stability in the Icelandic horse
breed. Animal Genetics 43(4), 4479.
2012 The desert and the sown: nomad
farmer interactions in the Wadi Faynan,
southern Jordan. Journal of Arid
Environments 86, 8296.
2012 (with M.B. Richards). Foragingfarming
transitions in Island Southeast Asia. Journal
of Archaeological Method and Theory doi
10.1007/s10816-012-9150-7.
2012 (with M.A. Bower, M.G. Campana, R.E.R.
Nisbet, R. Weller, M. Whitten, C.J. Edwards,
F. Stock, E. Barrett, T.C. OConnell, E.W. Hill,
A.M. Wilson, C.J. Howe & M. Binns). Truth
in the bones: resolving the identity of the
founding elite Thoroughbred racehorses.
Archaeometry 54(5), 91625.
2012 (with V. Warmuth, A. Eriksson, M.A.
Bower, E. Barrett, B.K. Hanks, L. Shuicheng,
D. Lomatashvili, M. Ochir-Goryaeva,
G.V. Sizonov, V. Soyonov & A. Manica).
Reconstructing the origin and spread of
horse domestication in the Eurasian steppe.
Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences of the USA 109(21), 82026.
2012 (with J. Lowe , N. Barton, S. Blockley, C.B.
Ramsey, V.L. Cullen, W. Davies, C. Gamble, K.
Grant, M. Hardiman, R. Housley, C.S. Lane, S.
Lee, M. Lewis, A. MacLeod, M. Menzies, W.
Mller, M. Pollard, C. Price, A.P. Roberts, E.J.
Rohling, C. Satow, V.C. Smith, C.B. Stringer,
E.L. Tomlinson, D. White, P. Albert, I. Arienzo,
D. Bori, A. Carandente, L. Civetta, C. Ferrier,
J.-L. Guadelli, P. Karkanas, M. Koumouzelis,
U.C. Mller, G. Orsi, J. Pross, M. Rosi, L.
Shalamanov-Korobar, N. Sirakov & P.C.
Tzedakis). Volcanic ash layers illuminate the
resilience of Neanderthals and early modern
humans to natural hazards. Proceedings of
the National Academy of Sciences of the USA
109(34), 13,5327.
2012 (with V. Warmuth, A. Manica, A. Eriksson
& M. Bower). Autosomal genetic diversity
in non-breed horses from eastern Eurasia
provides insights into historical population
movements. Animal Genetics doi:10.1111/
j.1365-2052.2012.02371.x
56
JaMeS Barrett
2011 (with D.C. Orton, D. Makowiecki, T. de
Roo, C. Johnstone, J. Harland, L. Jonsson, D.
Heinrich, I.B. Enghoff, L. Lugas, W. Van Neer,
A. Ervynck, A.K. Hufthammer, C. Amundsen,
A.K.G. Jones, A. Locker, S. Hamilton-Dyer,
P. Pope, B.R. MacKenzie, M. Richards & T.C.
OConnell). Stable isotope evidence for
late medieval (14th15th C) origins of the
eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) fishery.
PLoS ONE 6(11), e27568. doi:10.1371/journal.
pone.0027568.
2012 (with D. Surge). Marine climatic
seasonality during medieval times (10th to
12th centuries) based on isotopic records
in Viking Age shells from Orkney, Scotland.
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology,
Palaeoecology 35052, 23646.
ian Baxter
2011 Heritage Transformed. Oxford: Oxbow
Books.
DaviD BereSforD-JoneS
2011 (ed. with P. Kaulicke, R. Cerrn-Palomino
& P. Heggarty). Lenguas y sociedades
en el antiguo Per: hacia un enfoque
interdisciplinario. (Boletn de Arqueologa 14.)
Lima: Pontificia Universidad Catlica del Per.
2012 (ed. with P. Heggarty). Archaeology and
Language in the Andes. (Proceedings of
the British Academy 173.) Oxford: Oxford
University Press/British Academy.
2012 (with L. Cadwallader, O.Q. Whaley
& T.C. OConnell). The signs of maize? A
reconsideration of what C values say
about palaeodietin the Andean region.
HumanEcology 40(4), 487509.
2012 (with S.A. Palmer, A.J. Clapham, P. Rose,
F.O. Freitas, B.D. Owen, J.D. Moore, J.L.
Kitchen & R.G. Allaby). Archaeogenomic
evidence of punctuated genome evolution
in Gossypium. Molecular Biology and
Evolution 29(8), 20318.
elizaBeth Blake
2012 (with G. Hayward). Sound and music in
prehistoric context. Actas das IV Jornadas
de Jovens em Investigao Arqueolgica - JIA
2011 vol. I, 43741.
roGer BlanD
2011 The coinage of Vabalathus and Zenobia
from Antioch and Alexandria. Numismatic
Chronicle 171, 13386 and pls. 1525.
2011 Le Treasure Act et le Portable Antiquities
Scheme en Angleterre et au pays de
Galles. Bulletin de la Socit Franaise de
Numismatique 66(10), 27076.
2012 Uniface gold medallions of Constantine
from Britain and Ireland. Britannia 43, 19.
2012 From Gordian III to the Gallic Empire (ad
23874), in Handbook of Greek and Roman
Coinage, ed. W.E. Metcalf. Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 51437. (Appendix 1: Marks
of value on late Roman coins, 65562.)
Janine Bourriau
2012 Nubian pottery from Memphis, Kom
Rabia, in Nubian Pottery from Egyptian
Cultural Contexts of the Middle and Early New
Kingdom, Proceedings of a Workshop held at
the Austrian Archaeological Institute at Cairo,
112 December 2010, Vienna, eds. I. ForstnerMller & P. Rose. Vienna: sterreichischen
Archologischen Institutes, 14958.
Michael BoyD
2011 (with C. Renfrew). Ein erstes regionals
Zentrum: Das frhkykladische Heiligtum
auf Keros, in Kykladen Lebenswelten
einer frhgriechischen Kultur, ed. C. Hattler.
Karlsruhe: Badisches Landesmuseum,
16474.
2012 (with A. Konecny, R. Marchese & V.
Aravantinos). The urban scheme of plataiai
in Boiotia: report on the geophysical survey
20052009. Hesperia 81(1), 93140.
2012 (with A. Konecny, R. Marchese & V.
Aravantinos). Analysis of the geophysical
data from Plataiai. Hesperia 81(1), online
supplement 142.
2012 (with C. Renfrew & C. Bronk Ramsey).
The oldest maritime sanctuary? Dating the
sanctuary at Keros and the Cycladic Early
Bronze Age. Antiquity 86(1), 14460.
reBecca BriDGMan
2012 (with G. Earl). Experiencing lustre:
polynomial texture mapping of medieval
pottery at the Fitzwilliam Museum, in
Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of
the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, vol.
2: Ancient & Modern Issues in Cultural Heritage,
eds. R. Matthews, J. Curtis, M. Seymour, A.
Fletcher, A. Gascoigne, C. Glatz, St J. Simpson,
H. Taylor, J. Tubb & R. Chapman. Wiesbaden:
Harrassowitz, 497512.
MarcuS Brittain
2012 (with T. Clack). Pristine wilderness,
participatory archaeology, and the
custodianship of heritage in Mursiland, in
Changing Deserts: Integrating People and
their Environment, eds. L. Mol & T. Sternberg.
Strond: The White Horse Press, 192212.
JuDith BunBury
2011 The development of the capital zone
within the Nile floodplain, in The Space of
the City in Graeco-Roman Egypt: Image and
Reality, eds. E. Subias, P. Azara, J. Carruesco,
I. Fiz & R. Cuesta. Tarragona: Institut Catal
dArqueologia Clssica.
2012 The mobile Nile. Egyptian Archaeology
41, 1517.
lucilla Burn
2011 The figured vases from Tomb 19,
Site 736, in The Chora of Metaponto 3:
Archaeological Field Survey Bradano to
Basento, eds. J.C. Carter & A. Prieto. Austin
(TX): University of Texas Press, 106574.
Publications
2012 Terracottas, in A Companion to Greek

Art, eds. T.J. Smith & D. Plantzos. (Blackwell
Companions to the Ancient World.) Oxford:
Wiley-Blackwell, 22134.
Gillian carr
2012 Examining the memorialscape of
occupation and liberation: a case study
from the Channel Islands. International
Journal of Heritage Studies 18(2), 17493.
2012 Occupation heritage, commemoration
and memory in Guernsey and Jersey. History
and Memory 24(1), 87117.
2012 (ed. with H. Mytum). Cultural Heritage
and Prisoners of War: Creativity Behind Barbed
Wire. New York (NY): Routledge. (Chapters
therein: The importance of creativity behind
barbed wire: setting a research agenda,
115; God save the King! Creative modes
of defiance in Channel Islander internment
camps, 19421945, 16885).
2012 (ed. with H. Mytum). Prisoners of War:
Archaeology, Memory and Heritage of 19th
and 20th-century Mass Internment. New York
(NY): Springer. (Chapters therein: Prisoner
of war archaeology, 319; My home was
the area round my bed: experiencing and
negotiating space at civilian internment
camps in Germany, 19421945, 189204).
2012 Dark tourism, bunkers and memorials?
A case study from the Channel Islands, in
The Atlantikwall as Military Archaeological
Landscapes, eds. G. Postiglione & M.
Bassanelli. Siracusa: Lettera Ventidue, 17384.
craiG ceSSforD
2011 (with A. Dickens). An urban hospital
cemetery and adjacent occupation, in
medieval Britain and Ireland in 2010.
Medieval Archaeology 55, 30611.
2012 (with R. Newman). The Dolphin Inn
hoard: re-examining the early nineteenthcentury discovery of a mid-thirteenthcentury hoard from Cambridge. The
Archaeological Journal 168, 27384.
Dilip chakraBarti
2012 Fifty Years of Indian Archaeology
(19602010): Journey of a Foot Soldier. Delhi:
Aryan Books.
2012 Archaeology and politics in the Third
World with special reference to India, in The
Oxford Handbook of Public Archaeology, eds.
R. Skeates, C. MacDavid & J. Carman. Oxford
& New York (NY): Oxford University Press,
11632.
carlo colantoni
2011 (with J.A. Ur). Area H: the architecture
and pottery of a late thirdmillennium Bc
residential quarter. Iraq 73, 2169.
2012 Touching the void: the Post-Akkadian
period viewed from Tell Brak, in Seven
Generations Since the Fall of Akkad, ed. H.
Weiss. (Studia Chaburensia 3.) Wiesbaden:
Harrassowitz, 4564.
eManuela criStiani
2011 (with G. Dalmeri). Functional analysis
of the decorated ground stone tool from
Terlago (TN). Preistoria Alpina 45, 18591.
2012 (with D. Bori). 8500-year-old Late
Mesolithic garment embroidery from
Vlasac (Serbia): technological, use-wear and
residue analyses. Journal of Archaeological
Science 39, 345089.
2012 (with C. Lemorini & G. Dalmeri). Ground
stone tools production and use in the
Late Upper Palaeolithic: the evidence
from Riparo Dalmeri (Venetial Preals, Italy).
Journal of Field Archaeology 37, 3450.
2012 (with J. Hutton & S. Timberlake).

Addenbrookes Hospital excavations, 2007
& 2010: the last of the Crasters enclosure.
Proceedings of the Cambridge Antiquarian
Society 101, 10514.
2012 (with M.L.S. Srensen & K. Richter). The
earliest Christian church in the tropics:
excavation of the N.a S.a da Conceio,
Cidade Velha, Cape Verde, in Brokers of
Change: Atlantic Commerce and Cultures
in Precolonial Western Africa, ed. T. Green.
(Proceedings of the British Academy 178.)
Oxford: Oxford University Press/British
Academy, 17392.
Matthew DavieS
2012 Some thoughts on a useable African
archaeology: settlement, population and
intensive farming among the Pokot of
northwest Kenya. African Archaeological
Review 29(4). doi:10.1007/s10437-012-9118-8.
lucy farr
2011 (with S. Jones, H. Barton, N.A. Drake,
K. White & G. Barker). Geoarchaeological
Studies 42, 1119.
elizaBeth DeMarraiS
2012 Quechuas southern boundary: the
case of Santiago del Estero, in Archaeology
and Linguistics in the Andes, eds. P. Heggarty
& D.G. Beresford-Jones. (Proceedings of
University Press/British Academy, 375408.
charleS french
2011 Micromorphological analysis of
sediments from the causewayed enclosure
ditch sequence, in Report on the excavation
at the Duggleby Howe causewayed
enclosure, North Yorkshire, MayJuly 2009,
by A. Gibson. The Archaeological Journal 168,
5051.
2011 (with G. Marriner & T. Rajkovaa).
Geoarchaeological reconnaissance of the
Banja Luka and Doboj area of northern
Bosnia and Herzegovina. Godisnjak 40, 743.
2012 (with R. Scaife, M.J. Allen, M. Parker
Pearson, J. Pollard, C. Richards, J. Thomas
& K. Welham). Durrington Walls to West
Amesbury by way of Stonehenge: a major
transformation of the Holocene landscape.
Antiquaries Journal 92, 136.
2012 Geoarchaeological and soil
micromorphological studies in wetland
archaeology, in Oxford Handbook of Wetland
Archaeology, eds. F. Menotti & A. OSullivan.
2012 Micromorphology, in Neanderthals
amongst Mammoths: Excavations at
Lynford Quarry, Norfolk, eds. W.A. Boismier,
C. Gamble & F. Coward. London: English
Heritage, 4753.
2012 (with K. Milek). Sediment
micromorphology, in Extraordinary
Inundations of the Sea: Excavations at
Market Mews, Wisbech, Cambridgeshire,
eds. M. Hinman & E. Popescu. (East
Anglian Archaeology 142.) Bar Hill: Oxford
Archaeology East, 7076.
aliSon DickenS
2011 (with C. Cessford). An urban hospital
cemetery and adjacent occupation, in
medieval Britain and Ireland in 2010.
Medieval Archaeology 55, 30611.
chriStopher evanS
2011 (with R. Newman). An Imperial
philosophical machine: the archaeology
of the Cambridge Observatory and early
modern science. Antiquity 85, 136984.
2011 (with M.L.S. Srensen & K. Richter). Place
of history: archaeology and heritage at
Cidade Velha, Cape Verde, in Slavery in Africa:
Archaeology and Memory, eds. P.J. Lane &
K.C. MacDonald. (Proceedings of the British
Academy 168.) Oxford: Oxford University
Press/British Academy, 42142.
2012 Archaeology and repeatable
experiment: a comparative agenda,
in Image, Memory and Monumentality:
Archaeological Engagements with the
Material World, eds. A.M. Jones, J. Pollard,
M.J. Allen & J. Gardiner. (Prehistoric Society
Research Paper 5.) Oxford: Oxbow Books/
The Prehistoric Society, 295306.
2012 (with R. Irvine). Greenlands and
waterlands: digging into the climate
history in the East Anglian fenlands, in
Communicating climate knowledge:
proxies, processes, politics. Current
Anthropology 53, 2379.
2012 (with R. Standring). A landscape
corridor: A14 improvements investigations.
Society 101, 81104.
SuSanne hakenBeck
2011 Roman or barbarian? Shifting identities
in early medieval cemeteries in Bavaria.
Postclassical Archaeologies 1, 3766.
2012 (with H. Geisler, G. Grupe & T.C.
OConnell). Ernhrung und Mobilitt im
frhmittelalterlichen Bayern anhand einer
Analyse stabiler Kohlenstoff und
57
Publications
Members/Fellows
SuSanne hakenBeck (cont.)
Stickstoffisotope - Studien zu Mobilitt
und Exogamie. Archologisches
Korrespondenzblatt 42(2), 25171.
norMan haMMonD
2011 Review of M.D. Coe, The Maya, 8th
edition. Times Literary Supplement, 5624 (14
Jan), 27.
2011 Review of E. Klingelhofer, Castles and
Colonists: an Archaeology of Elizabethan
Ireland. Times Literary Supplement 5627 (4
Feb), 27.
2011 Dumbarton Oaks duet. Review article.
Antiquity 85, 107781.
2011 Review of A. Stone & M. Zender, Reading
Maya Art. Times Literary Supplement 5663 (14
October), 24.
2011 Review of R. Rosenzwig, The Beginnings
of Mesoamerican Civilization: Inter-regional
Interaction and the Olmec. Antiquity 85,
14913.
2012 (with C. Runnels). Editorial: Palaeolithic
America. Journal of Field Archaeology 37(2),
835.
catherine hillS
2012 Women archaeologists in 20thcentury Britain. Response to Rachel Pope.
Archaeological Dialogues June 2012, 7580.
2012 Review of L. Hedeager, Iron Age
Myth and Materiality: an Archaeology of
Scandinavia ad 4001000. European Journal
of Archaeology 15(2), 3536.
harriet hunt
2011 (with M.G. Campana, M.C. Lawes, Y.J.
Park, M.A. Bower, C.J. Howe & M.K. Jones).
Genetic diversity and phylogeography of
broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)
across Eurasia. Molecular Ecology 20(22),
475671.
2011 (with M. Jones, E. Lightfoot, D. Lister,
X. Liu & G. Motuzaite Matuzeviciute).
Food globalization in prehistory. World
Archaeology 43(4), 66575.
2012 (with G. Motuzaite Matuzeviciute &
M.K. Jones). Experimental approaches
to understanding variation in grain
size in Panicum miliaceum (broomcorn
millet) and its relevance for interpreting
archaeobotanical assemblages. Vegetation
History and Archaeobotany 21(1), 6977.
2012 (with H.R. Oliveira, M.G. Campana, H.
Jones, F. Leigh, D.I. Redhouse, D.L. Lister
& M.K. Jones). Tetraploid wheat landraces
in the Mediterranean basin: taxonomy,
evolution and genetic diversity. PLoS
ONE 7(5), e37063. doi:10.1371/journal.
pone.0037063.
2012 (with H.M. Moots, H. Jones, R.A.
Graybosch, M. Parker, O. Romanova, M.K.
58
Jones, C.J. Howe & K. Trafford). Waxy

phenotype evolution in the allotetraploid
cereal broomcorn millet: mutations at
the GBSSI locus in their functional and
phylogenetic context. Molecular Biology and
Evolution. doi:10.1093/molbev/mss209.
liliana Janik
2011 Why does difference matter? The
creation of identity among prehistoric
fisher-gatherer-hunters of northern Europe,
in Structured Worlds: the Archaeology of
Hunter-gatherer Thought and Action, ed. A.
Cannon. Sheffield: Equinox, 12840.
2012 Noble death, images of violence in the
rock art of the White Sea, in Visualising the
Neolithic: Abstraction, Figuration, Performance,
Representation, eds. A. Cochrane & A. Jones.
Oxford: Oxbow Books, 3949.
2012 The social context of Palaeolithic figural
art: performativity, materialisation and
fragmentation, in Unravelling the Palaeolithic:
Ten Years of Research at the Centre for the
Archaeology of Human Origins (CAHO,
University of Southampton), eds. K. Ruebens,
I. Romanowska & R. Bynoe. (University of
Southampton Series in Archaeology 8.)
Oxford: Archaeopress, 13140.
2012 Revisiting the chronology of the rock
art of the Vig river and its significance
for understanding prehistoric art in the
northwest Russia-Scandinavia region, in
Mesolit i Neolit Vastochny Evropy: Hronologija
I Kulturnoje Vzaimodejctve. Saint Petersburg:
Rossijskaja Academija Nauk Institut Istorii
Materialnoj Kultury, 1629.
Martin JoneS
2011 (with H. Hunt, E. Lightfoot, D. Lister,
2011 (with H.V. Hunt, M.G. Campana, M.C.
Lawes, Y.J. Park, M.A. Bower & C.J. Howe).
Genetic diversity and phylogeography of
broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)
across Eurasia. Molecular Ecology 20(22),
475671.
2011 (with H.R. Oliveira & D.L. Lister).
Phylogeography of cereal landraces and the
spread of agriculture in northwest Africa,
in Windows on the African Past: Current
Approaches to African Archaeobotany, eds.
A.G. Fahmy, S. Kahlheber & A.C. DAndrea.
Frankfurt: Africa Magna Verlag, 16774.
2012 Time to connect: a commentary
on science and the material record.
Archaeological Review from Cambridge 27(1),
15560.
2012 (with H.R. Oliveira, P. Civ, J. Morales,
A. Rodrguez-Rodrguez & D.L. Lister).
Ancient DNA in archaeological wheat
grains: preservation conditions and the
study of pre-Hispanic agriculture on the
island of Gran Canaria (Spain). Journal of
Archaeological Science 39(4), 82835.
2012 (with G. Motuzaite Matuzeviciute

& H.V. Hunt). Experimental approaches
to understanding variation in grain
size in Panicum miliaceum (broomcorn
millet) and its relevance for interpreting
archaeobotanical assemblages. Vegetation
History and Archaeobotany 21(1), 6977.
2012 (with G. Jones, H. Jones, M.P. Charles, S.
Colledge, F.J. Leigh, D.L. Lister, L.M.J. Smith,
W. Powell & T.A. Brown). Phylogeographic
analysis of barley DNA as evidence for the
spread of Neolithic agriculture through
Europe. Journal of Archaeological Science
39(10), 323038.
2012 (with G. Motuzaite Matuzeviciute & S.
Telizhenko). Archaeobotanical investigation
of two Scythian-Sarmatian period pits
in eastern Ukraine: implications for
floodplain cereal cultivation. Journal of Field
2012 (with X. Liu, Z. Zhao, G. Liu & T.C.
OConnell). The earliest evidence of millet
as a staple crop: new light on Neolithic
foodways in North China. American Journal
of Physical Anthropology 149(2), 23890.
2012 (with H.V. Hunt, H.M. Moots, H. Jones,
R.A. Graybosch, M. Parker, O. Romanova,
C.J. Howe & K. Trafford). Waxy phenotype
evolution in the allotetraploid cereal
broomcorn millet: mutations at the GBSSI
locus in their functional and phylogenetic
context. Molecular Biology and Evolution.
doi:10.1093/molbev/mss209.
2012 (with F.J. Leigh, H.R. Oliveira, I. Mackay,
H. Jones, L. Smith, P. Wolters, M. Charles, W.
Powell, T.A. Brown & G. Jones). Remnant
genetic diversity detected in an ancient
crop: Triticum dicoccum Schrank landraces
from Asturias, Spain. Genetic Resources and
Crop Evolution. doi:10.1007/s10722-0129840-8.
2012 (with D.L. Lister). Is naked barley an
eastern or a western crop? The combined
evidence of archaeobotany and genetics.
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany.
doi:10.1007/s00334-012-0376-9.
Jones, H.V. Hunt, F. Leigh, D.I. Redhouse &
D.L. Lister). Tetraploid wheat landraces in the
Mediterranean basin: taxonomy, evolution
and genetic diversity. PLoS ONE 7(5), e37063.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037063.
Sacha JoneS
2011 (with L. Farr, H. Barton, N.A. Drake, K.
White & G. Barker). Geoarchaeological
Studies 42, 1119.
2012 Local- and regional-scale impacts of
the ~74 ka Toba supervolcanic eruption on
hominin populations and habitats in India.
Quaternary International 258, 100118.
2012 (with M.D. Petraglia, P. Ditchfield, R.
Korisettar & J.N. Pal). The Toba volcanic
super-eruption, environmental change,
Publications
and hominin occupation history in India

over the last 140,000 years. Quaternary
International 258, 11934.
2012 (with C. Clarkson & C. Harris). Continuity
and change in the lithic industries of the
Jurreru Valley, India, before and after the
Toba eruption. Quaternary International 258,
16579.
Barry keMp
2011 (ed.). Tell el-Amarna, Spring 2011.
Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 97, 19.
Sheila kohrinG
2011 Complexity as a multi-scalar concept:
pottery technologies, Communities of
Practice and the Bell Beaker phenomena.
Norwegian Archaeological Review 44(2),
14563.
2011 Bodily skill and the aesthetics of
miniaturization. Pallas: Revue dtudes
Antiques 86, 3150.
2012 Complex questions for complex
relations: scalar and methodological
considerations in the integration of social
complexity, in Beyond Elites: Alternatives
to Hierarchical Systems in Modeling Social
Formations, eds. T. Kienlin & A. Zimmerman.
Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat.
katheliJne koopS
2012 (with W.C. McGrew, T. Matsuzawa & L.A.
Knapp). Terrestrial nest-building by wild
chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): implications
for the tree-to-ground sleep transition in
early hominins. American Journal of Physical
Anthropology 148(3), 35161.
2012 (with W.C. McGrew, H. de Vries & T.
Matsuzawa). Nest-building by chimpanzees
(Pan troglodytes verus) at Seringbara, Nimba
Mountains: antipredation, thermoregulation
and antivector hypotheses. International
Journal of Primatology 33, 35680.
aleSSanDro launaro
2012 Why, what and how to compare: site
trends and population dynamics in Roman
Italy (200 Bcad 100), in Comparative Issues
in the Archaeology of the Roman Rural
Landscape: Site Classification between Survey,
Excavation and Historical Categories, eds. P.
Attema & G. Schrner. (Journal of Roman
Archaeology Supplementary Series.)
Portsmouth (RI): JRA, 11732.
2012 (with S. Hay, N. Leone & M.J. Millett).
Interamna Lirenas e il suo territorio. Indagini
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Changing cultures, changing cuisines:
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2012 Cambridgeshire and the peat fen:
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2011 (with C. Evans & K. Richter). Place
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2012 Velkommen Hjem eller Velkommen
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2012 (with C. Evans & K. Richter). The earliest
Christian church in the tropics: excavation
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2011 (with P. Rose, R. Bradshaw, P. Collet, A.
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2012 (with E. Lightfoot). Stable isotope
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vulgare) and wheat (Triticum spelta) grains
from Danebury Hillfort: implications for
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2012 (with E. Lightfoot, T. Allen & R.E.M.
Hedges). Palaeodiet at Eton College
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2012 (with O.E. Craig, R.B. Allen, A.
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ruminant lipids by gas chromatography/
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2012 (with S.E. Metcalfe, M.J. Leng,
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Pleistocene climate in the Valsequillo
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2012 (with M. Germonpr, M.V. Sablin,
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2011 (with R.S. Rudicell, A.K. Piel, D.L.
Moore, G.H. Learn, Y. Li, J. Takehisa, L.
Pintea, G.M. Shaw, J. Moore, P.M. Sharp
& B.H. Hahn). High prevalence of simian
immunodeficiency virus infection in a
community of savanna chimpanzees.
Journal of Virology 85(19), 991828.
2011 (with A.K. Piel & W.C. McGrew). Living
archaeology: artefacts of specific nest site
fidelity in wild chimpanzees. Journal of
Human Evolution 61(4), 38895.
2011 (with A.K. Piel & R. OMalley).
Responses of chimpanzees to a recently
dead community member at Gombe
National Park, Tanzania. American Journal
of Primatology 74(1), 17.
chriStopher StiMpSon
2012 Local scale, proxy evidence for the
presence of closed canopy forest in
north-western Borneo in the late
Pleistocene: bones of Strategy I bats from
the archaeological record of the Great
Cave of Niah, Sarawak. Palaeogeography,
Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 3312,
13649.
Jay Stock
2011 (with C.N. Shaw). The influence of
body proportions on femoral and tibial
midshaft shape in hunter-gatherers.
144(1), 229.
2011 (with L.A. Maher, S. Finney, J.J.N.
Heywood, P. Miracle & E.B. Banning). A
unique humanfox burial from a PreNatufian cemetery in the Levant (Jordan).
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2012 (with L. Maher & T. Richter). The
Publications
Pre-Natufian Epipalaeolithic: long-term

behavioral trends in the Levant. Evolutionary
2012 (with E. Pomeroy). Estimation of
stature and body mass from the skeleton
among coastal and mid-altitude andean
populations. American Journal of Physical
2012 (with L.A. Maher, T. Richter, D.
Macdonald, M.D. Jones & L. Martin). Twenty
thousand-year-old huts at a huntergatherer settlement in eastern Jordan.
pone.0031447.
2012 (with C.N. Shaw, C.L. Hofmann, M.D.
Petraglia & J.S. Gottschall). Neandertal
humeri may reflect adaptation to scraping
tasks, but not spear thrusting. PLoS
ONE 7(7), e40349. doi:10.1371/journal.
pone.0040349.
2012 (with T. Davies & C.N. Shaw). A test of
a new method and software for the rapid
estimation of cross-sectional geometric
properties of long bone diaphyses from
3D laser surface scans. Archaeological and
Anthropological Sciences. doi:10.1007/
s12520-012-0101-8.
2012 (with J.C.K. Wells). The biology of human
migration: the ape that wont commit?,
in Causes and Consequences of Human
Migration: an Evolutionary Perspective, eds.
M.H. Crawford & B. Campbell. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2144.
SiMon StoDDart
2011 (with F. Fulminante). Formazione
politica a confronto in Etruria e Latium
vetus: status quaestionis e nuove prospettive
di ricerca. Bollettino di Archeologia On
Line, Roma 2008 International Congress of
International Archaeology. Meeting between
Cultures in the Ancient Mediterranean. (In
Italian). http://151.12.58.75/archeologia/
bao_document/articoli/3_FULMINANTE_
STODDART.pdf
2012 (with P. Barone, J. Bennett, L. Ceccarelli,
G. Cifani, J. Clackson, F. Ferrara, I. della
Giovampaola, F. Fulminante, T. Licence, C.
Malone, L. Matacchioni, A. Mullen, F. Nomi,
E. Pettinelli, D. Redhouse & N. Whitehead).
Opening the frontier: the GubbioPerugia
frontier in the course of history. Papers of
the British School at Rome 80, 25794.
2012 (with R. Opitz). Setting towns in their
landscape: forms of urbanism in the Ager
Faliscus, in Urban Survey in Italy and the
Mediterranean, eds. G.-J. Burgers, C. Corsi, S.
Keay & F. Vermeulen. Oxford: Oxbow Books,
22331.
eManuele vaccaro
2011 (with M. Ghisleni, K. Bowes, A. Arnoldus,
M. MacKinnon & F. Marani). Excavating the
Roman peasant I: excavations at Pievina.
Papers of the British School at Rome 79,
95145.
teSSa De roo
2011 (with D.C. Orton, D. Makowiecki,
C. Johnstone, J. Harland, L. Jonsson, D.
P. Pope, B.R. MacKenzie, M. Richards, T.C.
OConnell & J.H. Barrett). Stable isotope
evidence for late medieval (14th15th C)
origins of the eastern Baltic cod (Gadus
morhua) fishery. PLoS ONE 6(11), e27568.
2011 (with K. Bowes, M. Ghisleni & G.F. La

Torre). A preliminary report on Sofiana/
mansio Philosophiana in the hinterland
of Piazza Armerina. Journal of Roman
Archaeology 24, 42349.
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2012 Environmental remains, in R. Patten,
An Iron Age and Roman settlement
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2012 (with R. Ballantyne). Charred plant and
mollusc remains, Addenbrookes Hospital
excavations, 2007 & 2010: the last of the
Crasters enclosure, by C. Evans, J. Hutton &
S. Timberlake. Proceedings of the Cambridge
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Dacia vieJo roSe
2011 Memorial functions: intent, impact and
the right to remember. Memory Studies 4(4),
46580.
2012 Cultural destruction, in Encyclopedia
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Juergensmeyer & V. Faessel. London: Sage,
3236.
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2012 (with G.A.T. Duller). A review of the
thermally transferred optically stimulated
luminescence signal from quartz for dating
sediments. Quaternary Geochronology 7,
620.
2012 (with X.L.Wang & G. Adamiec).
Improving the reliability of single-aliquot
regenerative dose dating using a new
method of data analysis. Quaternary
Geochronology 9, 6574.
2012 (with X.L. Wang). Optically stimulated
luminescence production in the singlealiquot regenerative dose protocol.
Radiation Measurements 47(2), 1219.
Publications
SeBaStian Becker
2012 Review of V. Lull & R. Mic, Archaeology
of the Origin of the State. Archaeological
Review from Cambridge 27(1), 1837.
kathryn BoulDen
2012 Interpretative geoarchaeologies? A
relationship between archaeological soil
scientists and theory. Archaeological Review
from Cambridge 27(1), 10920.
kathryn hall
2012 (ed. with D. Parikh). Science and
material culture. Archaeological Review from
Cambridge 27(1).
2012 (with D. Parikh). The two archaeologies:
crossing the great divide. Archaeological
Shawn oDonnell
2012 (with S.G. Haberle, C. Lentfer & T.
Denham). The palaeoenvironments of Kuk
Swamp from the beginnings of agriculture
in the highlands of Papua New Guinea.
Danika parikh
2011 (with R.N. Singh, C.A. Petrie, V.
Pawar & A.K. Pandey). New insights into
settlement along the Ghaggar and its
hinterland: a preliminary report on the
Ghaggar Hinterland Survey 2010. Man and
Environment 36(2), 89106.
2012 (ed. with K. Hall). Science and material
culture. Archaeological Review from
Cambridge 27(1).
2012 (with K. Hall). The two archaeologies:
crossing the great divide. Archaeological
2012 Review of D. Hicks & M.C. Beaudry, The
Oxford Handbook of Material Culture Studies.
Archaeological Review from Cambridge 27(1),
17582.
DoMinic walker
2011 Towards a beneficial World Heritage:
community involvement in the Blaenavon
industrial landscape. Museum International
63(12), 2533.
2011 (ed.). Collaborative archaeology.
Archaeological Review from Cambridge 26(2).
2011 Introduction. Archaeological Review from
Cambridge 26(2), 19.
Donna yateS
2012 Review of C. Pavel, Describing and
Interpreting the Past. Archaeological Review
from Cambridge 27(1), 2038.
63
Nic marchaNt aNd dora kemp
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Graeme Barker
Charles French
Kate Pretty
Henrietta L. Moore
Andrew Wallace-Hadrill
John Robb
McDonald Institute Managing Committee
James Barrett
Prof. Graeme Barker (McDonald Institute)

Dr James Barrett (McDonald Institute)
Prof. Charles French (Division of Archaeology)
Prof. Nick Mascie-Taylor (Division of Biological Anthropology)
Dr Augusta McMahon (Division of Archaeology)
Prof. Henrietta L. Moore (Division of Social Anthropology)
Dr Kate Pretty (Chair) (Homerton College)
Prof. Andrew Wallace-Hadrill (Faculty of Classics)
Augusta McMahon
McDonald Institute Central Staff

Martin Jones
Jay Stock
Prof. Graeme Barker (Director)

Dr James Barrett (Deputy Director)
Dr Katherine Boyle (Research Facilitator)
Miss Rebecca Burtenshaw (Receptionist)
Mrs Liz Farmar (PA to the Deputy Director)
Ms Sara Harrop (PA to the Director)
Miss Dora Kemp (Publications Manager)
Mr Colin Lomas (Accounts)
Mr Steve Topper (Custodian)
Nick Mascie-Taylor
DM McDonald Grants and Awards Committee
Martin Millett
Prof. Graeme Barker (McDonald Institute)

Dr James Barrett (McDonald Institute)
Dr Augusta McMahon (Division of Archaeology)
Prof. Martin Millett (Faculty of Classics)
Dr Kate Pretty (Homerton College)
Dr Jay Stock (Division of Biological Anthropology)
Sara Harrop
Katherine Boyle
Dora Kemp
Colin Lomas
Liz Farmar
Steve Topper
Rebecca Burtenshaw
4&7
8
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McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge

Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK
+44 (0)1223 333538; +44 (0)1223 333536 (FAX)
www.mcdonald.cam.ac.uk
2012 McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research
Designed and typeset by Dora Kemp.
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McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research

Cambridge Archaeological Unit (not in map area)
The Fitzwilliam Museum
Faculty of Classics
Institute of Continuing Education (not in map area)
Division of Biological Anthropology
Cover photograph: Members of the Cambridge

Archaeological Unit excavating Logboat 4, Must Farm,
winter 2012. (Photograph by Dave Webb.)

Miar Report 2012 - Archaeology at Cambridge

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Archaeology at Cambridge

McDonald Institute for

Introduction: the McDonald Institute and

Glyn Daniel Archaeogenetics

Events and Outreach

Seminars and Conferences

Cambridge Archaeological Journal

McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research

Reception +44 (0)1223 333538

Department of Archaeology and Anthropology

Reception +44 (0)1223 333538

Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 9DA, UK

Reception +44 (0)1223 335151 or 335960

The Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology

Front desk +44 (0)1223 333516

The Fitzwilliam Museum

Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1RB, UK

Cambridge Archaeological Unit

Division of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing

Institute of Continuing Education

Madingley Hall, Madingley, Cambridge, CB23 8AQ, UK

General enquiries +44 (0)1223 746222

Graeme Barker (Director) & James Barrett (Deputy Director)

and Guillaume Robin (art and death in Neolithic Europe)

Introduction: the McDonald Institute

Professor Charles Higham delivers the 23rd McDonald Lecture to an

and Museums course over much of the past year

This has been a year of change and adaptation to

I am very pleased to report that

Archaeology at Cambridge 20112012

The successes of former or completing PhD students

David Redhouse has been appointed to a new role

The Cambridge Archaeological Unit has had a superb

The Museum of Archaeology and

This past year has been one of the most intensive

The new ground-floor galleries are only the

Prior to the redevelopment, there was no museum

In other staffing news, Dr Robin Boast is moving on

Even during the height of the redevelopment, core

Cambridge Gallery, University of Cambridge Museum of Archaeology and

Archaeology at Cambridge 20112012

Cambridge Archaeological Unit

Another Hanson Quarry (Needingworth)

Cambridge Archaeological Units excavations at

Archaeology at Cambridge 20112012

Iron Age enclosure within the Barleycroft Farm Quarry-Plant Site.

Jointly undertaken with the University of Cardiff, the

Barleycroft Farm settlement-enclosure roundhouses (and students).

As for post-excavation matters, both the Units

Within Cambridge itself, there have been significant

Archaeology at Cambridge 20112012

A range of fieldwork projects continued, with

The ancient Olympics:

in collaboration with Suffolk County Council,

Foerster magnetometer in use

Archaeology at Cambridge 20112012

museum oF classical archaeoloGy

Institute of Continuing Education (ICE)

The Institute of Continuing Education (ICE) offers

Notable projects undertaken in 20112012 by

The new part-time Master of Studies in Historic

Madingley Hall in the snow, February 2012.

Archaeology at Cambridge 20112012

Archaeology at Cambridge 20112012