THE SUM FUNCTION

The SUM function adds all the numbers that you specify as arguments . Each argument can be a
range , a cell reference , an array , a constant , a formula , or the result from another function.

Example 1 , SUM(A1:A5) adds all the numbers that are contained in cells A1 through A5.

Example 2 ,SUM(A1,A3, A5) adds the numbers that are contained in cells A1, A3, and A5.
Syntax
SUM(number1, [number2], [number3], [number4], ...)
LAB WORK 1

The following score are obtained by few students in an examination .Compute the total score of
students using sum function


1

Name

Eng.

Mal. BS

Anandhu

45

64

40

32

48

29

Anagha

69

67

54

50

60

61

Bijul

35

62

46

41

34

46

Chincy

34

63

38

33

43

24

Dilber

45

64

40

32

48

29

Acc. Eco

CA

Total

Porcess:

(Assume that the data has been entered in the same format as seen above)

Step1 Select cell H2 and enter the formula.

=SUM(B2:G2) and press enter

Now the result will be displayed in the cell H2

Step 2 Copy the formula in cell H2,by clicking on and dragging down to the required cells.

Now the result will be displayed.
Output

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NESTED IF FUNCTION

The IF function can be nested up to certain extent,when multiple conditions are to be evaluated .If
the first condition tested is FALSE, it tests the next and so on. MS Excel allows up to 64 nested IF functions as the values of an IF function
LAB WORK 2

The following scores are obtained by 5 students in an examination

Sl.No Name Score

Gade

1 Thomas 85
2 Vinod 77
3 Sandeep 25
4 Jasim 38
5 Vimal 45
Ascertain the grade obtained by students based on the following criteria
Scoe

90-100

80-89

Gade

A+

70-79

60-69
B+

50-59
B

40-49
C+

30-39
C

lessthan 30
D+

Fail

Porcess:

Step1 (Assume that scroe is in column C and Grade to displayed in Column D)

Step2 Write the following fromula in cell D2
=IF(C2<100,IF(C2<90,IF(C2<80,IF(C2<70,IF(C2<60,IF(C2<50,IF(C2<40,
IF(C2<30,Fail,D+),C),C+),B),B+),A),A+))

Step 3 In order to ascertain grade of remaining students,click and drag upto D6

Output

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CUMIPMT
Returns the cumulative interest paid on a loan between start_period and end_period.
Syntax
CUMIPMT(rate,nper,pv,start_period,end_period,type)

Rate is the interest rate.

Nper is the total number of payment periods.

Pv is the present value.

Start_period is the first period in the calculation. Payment periods are numbered beginning with 1.

End_period is the last period in the calculation.

Type is the timing of the payment.

LAB WORK 3

Somnath has taken a loan of Rs 5,00,000, repayable after 10 years at 12% cumulative interest.
Calclate interest payable by him in the following cases using excel function CUMIPMT( )

a) Cumulative Interest at the end of the first year
b) Cumulative Interest at the end of the fouth year
c) Cumulative Interest at the end of the eight year

d) Cumulative Interest at the end of the last year
Porcess:

Step1 Fromat cells as shown below

First year
Fourth year
Eight year
Last year
Loan Amt
500000
500000
500000
rate of Interest(rate)
12%
12%
12%
Tem of loan(nper)
10
10
10
Start period
1
37
85
End period
12
49
97
Type
0 0 0

Cumulative interest

500000
12%
10
108
120
0

Step 2 Enter the values as assigned below

B2 = pv (amount borrowed)

B3 = rate (rate is for one year,hence convert to monthly rate divide it by 12)

B4 = nper (term is expressed in months,10*12=120)

B5 = start period (first year 1,second year 13,third year 37and so on...)

B6 = end period (first year 12,second year 24,third year 36 and so on...)

Type = 0 (0 assume payment at end by default,othewise 1)

Step3 Select cell B9 and Enter the formula:
=CUMIPMT(B3/12,B4*12,B2,B5,B6,B7)
Output

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DATA VALIDATION

It can use to define restrictions on what data can should be entered in a cell.You can configure
data validation to prevent uses form entering data that is not valid.Besides these,we can also provide messages to define what input we expect for the cell,and instuctions to help uses correct any erros.
Create dop-down list and restict values allowed in the cell

Step 1 Select cell A2

Step 2 From the ribbon click Data > click Data Validation

Step 3 On the settings tab,click List in the Allow drop down list

Step 4 The Ignore blank and In-cell Dopdown boxes are checked by default. Do not run
check them.

Step 5 In the Source box,type the items names in the list separated with comma
(E.g.Science,Commerce,Humanities) and click OK

Step 6 Now cell A2 has a dop -down list
Output

Create a Message that appears when Incorrect Data is entered

LAB WORK 4

Enter Marks of student in the range B2-G2,the maximum mark limit in case of Accountancy is
60,and othe subjects are 80,if invalid mark is entered display a stop message
Porcess:

Step1 Fromat cells as shown below

Step 2 Select cell E2

Step 3 Select Data Tab in the ribbon,click Data Validation

Step 4 Click Setting Tab

Allow :=Whole number
Data
: =between
Minimum=0

Maximum=60 (in case of Accountancy)

Maximum=80 (in case of other subjects)

Step 5 Click Input Message Tab
Title =ENTER MARK
Input Message=ENTER CORRECT MARK

Step 6 Click Error Alert Tab
Style=Stop
Title=MARK ERROR
Error Message=INVALID MARK ENTERED,PLEASE RE ENTER

Step 7 Enter data and check results.

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Output

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CONDITIONAL FROMATTING

Coditional Formatting allows us to change the appearance of a cell,depending on certain condi-

LAB WORK 5

Consider the following list and highlight the top ten numbers
55 58 99 64 67
44 123
24 14 4
46 54 62 70 78
69 78 90 100
56
23 46 69 92 115
87 43 34 25 16
12 14 87 79 112
67 125
48 78 99

Porcess:

Step1 Fromat cells

Step 2 Select range A2:E9

Step 3 Click Home tab >Styles-group

Step 4 Top/Bottom rules

Step 5 Top 10 items

Step 6 Select number and style

Step 7 Click OK to see results

Step 8 Formatting Applied to top 10 numbers
Output

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DATA VALIDATION FORM

Excel has a facility to enter data in to cells using data input form .The data input form makes data
entry easier and faster. A data form is a dialog box that display one complete recod at a time.It is used to
add,change,locate or delete recods.The maximum number is limited to 32 columns per form
LAB WORK 6

Consider the following list and create Data Input Form

SL NO.

NAME

CLASS

SEX

COMMUNITY

Porcess:

Step1 Select cell A1 to E1

Step 2 Click Form button in the Quick Access Toolbar

Step 3 Click OK to the Dialogue box appeared

Step 4 An input Form(Sheet) appears

Step 5 Enter the values in each field

We can see that an automatically generated data form
Output

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ONE VARIABLE DATA TABLES

To create a one-variable data table to perform what-if-analysis we may enter a series of input values either across columns of a single row or down the rows of a single column.
LAB WORK 7

Consider the following information

Loan Amount Rs5,00,000

No .of payments
48

Annual rate

12%

Prepare a one vairable table showing the repayment of the above loan in different number
of payments such as 12 months,24 months,36,48,60and 72 months.Use PMT function
Porcess:

Step 1 Type the following in appropriate cells

Step 2 Select B8 : Enter the formula:=PMT(B2/12,B4,B1,B3)

Step 3 Select range A8:B14
Step 4 Click data Tab > Data Tools > What-if-analysis >Data Table
Step 5 Click Column input cell text box and type $B$4 (input cell)
Step 6 Click OK

Output

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TWO VARIABLE DATA TABLE

To create a two variable data table to perform what if analysis,we may enter two ranges of possible input values for the same formula.
1.A range of values across the first row of the table
2.A range of values down the first column of the table
LAB WORK 8

Consider the following information

Loan amount Rs.4,00,000

No.of payments 48

Interest rate 15%

Prepare a two variable data Table showing the repayment of the above loan in different number of
payments such as months 12,24,36,48,60 and 72with various interest rates from 10% to15%.
Use PMT function
Process :

Step 1 Type the following in appropriate cells

Step 2 Cell B8=PMT (B2/12,B4,B1,B3)

Step 3 Select the range B8:H14

Step 4 Click Data ->Data Tools ->What if Analysis ->data Table

In row input cell =$B$2(rate)

In column input cell =$B$4(No.of payments)

Step5 Click OK

The table will display the results

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PAYROLL ACCOUNTING

tion

Payroll is a statement prepared in every organisation in order to show the detailed salary calcula-

LAB WORK 9

From the following employees form ,prepare the statement of payroll

Name Basic
Balan 22000
James 24100
Thomas 18900
Suresh 21300
Kabeer 22500

DA 65% of Basic
TA 10% of Basic
PF 6% of Basic

Process

Step 1 Design a spreadsheet as follows

Step 2 In C3 cell ,type the following formula
B3*65/100

Step 3 In D3
B3*10/100

Step 4 In E3
=B3+C3+D3

Step 5 In F3
=B3*6/100

Step 6 In G3
=E3-F3

Step 7 Click and drag from C3 to G7

The result will be displays

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ASSET ACCOUNTING

Calculation of depreciation-Straight line Method

Syntax
SLN(cost,salvage,life)
Cost is the acquisition cost
Salvage is the residual left after the useful life of the asset
Life is the useful period for which the asset is available for use
Total depreciable amount
Depreciation =

Estimated
useful life

Total depreciable amount = Acquisition cost-Salvage value

Acquisition cost = Puchase price + Carriage + Installation exp.
LAB WORK 10

Fom the following data relate to XYZ Ltd in respect of fixed asset,Calculate depreciation
Sl No Asset Name
1
Delivey van
2
Plant & Machiney
3
Fittings
4 Furnitue

Puchase cost
1000000
2500000
50000
240000

Installation exp.
150000
500000
0
5000

Pre-operating exp.
25000
100000
0
0

salvage value
250000
500000
22000
40000

Life in yeas
10
10
20
5

Process :

Step 1 Type the following in appropriate cells

Step 2 Select the cell F1.Type the formula

=C2+D2+E2.Drag the fill handle down to fill cells until F5

Step 3 Select the cell I1.Type the formula

=SLN(F2,G2,H2).Drag the fill handle down to fill cells until I5

The result will be as follows

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11

DEPRECIATION-WRRITTEN DOWN VALUE METHOD

Under this method depreciation is calculated on the diminishing value of the assets .DB function
is used to calculate depreciation under this method.
Syntax
=DB(Cost,Salvage,life,period,[month])
LAB WORK 11

From the following data relate to XYZ Ltd in respect of fixed asset,Calculate depreciation under
wrritten down value method

Process
Step 1 Design a speadsheet as follows

Step 2 In cell F3 type the formula

=C3+D3+E3
Step 3 In cell M3

=DB(F3,G3,L3,J3,K3) Press enter
Step 4 Click and drag for other results
Output

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LOAN REPAYMENT SCHEDULE

Excel provides the built in function PMT for calculating interest and installments .
Syntax
=PMT(rate,nper,pv,[fv],[type])
LAB WORK 12

Mr.Anil has taken a loan of Rs 5,00,000 from a bank at 12% interest rate repayble over a period of
10 years in monthly installments.Prepare a loan repayment schedule
Process

Step 1 Design a spreadsheet as follows

Step 2 Enter the formula in F3
=PMT(C3,B3,A3,D3,E3)

Step 3 Enter the formula in G3
F3/12
Output

GRAPHS /CHARTS/DIAGRAMS
LAB WORK 13

From the following data ,create a chart in Excel 2007
Class Boys
C1A 25
C1B 29
C2A 25
C2B 28

Girls
25
19
35
32

Process

Step 1 Enter the data above and select range including headings

Step 2 Press F11 Key or Click insert from ribbon->Click chart

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LAB WORK 14

From the following data ,create a chart in Excel 2007

Process

sales
profit
400000 58000
360000 45000
680000 420000
550000 120000
45000 35000
90000 85000

Step 1 Enter the data above and select range including headings

Step 2 Click insert from ribbon->Click chart -> line
Output

LAB WORK 15

From the following data ,Draw a Pie chart in Excel 2007
Car Customers
EON 2200
ALTO 3500
KWID 1800
BEAT 2000

Process

Step 1 Enter the data above and select range including headings
Step 2 Click insert from ribbon->Click chart -> Pie

Output

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