A

Industrial Training Report on

CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION

Submitted for partial fulfillment of award of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
Degree
In

Electronics and Communication Engineering

By

AJAY PRATAP SINGH

1213331018
Submitted to
Ms. Sonia Gupta
Assistant Professor, ECE

Ms. Sakshi Parolia

Assistant Professor, ECE

NOIDA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING& TECHNOLOGY, GREATER NOIDA

AUGUST, 2016

DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the seminar report which is being presented in the entitled, CONTROL

AND INSTRUMENTATION in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of

degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering in the
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering from Noida Institute of Engineering
and Technology, Greater Noida, is an authentic record of my own carried out under the
supervision of Ms. Sonia Gupta and Ms. Sakshi Parolia Assistant Professor, Department of
ECE.

Date:

AJAY PRATAP SINGH

1213331018

ii

ABSTRACT
NTPC was set up in 7th November 1975, the MAHARATNA power giant today generates more
than one fourth of the total power in the country, Ranked 5th largest power generating utility in
the world.
NTPC is the second most efficient in capacity utilization among the top ten thermal generating
companies according to a survey conducted by Data Monitor, United kingdom. NTPC ranked
341st in the 2010, Forbes Global 2000 ranking of the Worlds biggest companies.
With a current generating capacity of 34,854 MW, NTPC has embarked on plans to become a
75,000 MW company by 2017.
The control and instrumentation department is the brain of the
plant because from the
relays to transmitters followed by the electronic computation chipsets and recorders and lastly
the controlling circuitry, all fall under this.
This division also calibrates various instruments and takes care of any faults occurring in any of
the auxiliaries in the plant provided for all the equipments. Tripping can be considered as the
series of instructions connected through OR GATE. The main equipments of this laboratories are
relay and circuit breakers.

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I have taken efforts in this Industrial Training . However, it would not have been possible without
the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I am grateful to the staff and
management for letting me pursue my four weeks industrial training at the department of control
and instrumentation.
I am grateful for the explanation given to me by the staff of NTPC-SINGRAULI and helping me
become aware of the technology in the real world .The training I had received here has helped
me immensely in understanding the practical concepts of communication. I would like to extend
my sincere thanks to all of them.
I am highly indebted to Mr. Ashutosh Kumar Singh and Mr. Prabhakar Agarwal for their
guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the
Industrial Training Report.

iv

TABLE OF CONTENT
Page No.
Declaration

ii

Abstract

iii

Certificate

iv

Acknowledgement

Table of content

vi-vii

List of figures

viii

1 AN OVERVIEW ABOUT COMPANY: -

2 INTRODUCTION TO THERMAL POWER PLANT: -

2-7

3
4

6
7
8

2.1 Introduction
2.2 Classification
2.3 Functioning
2.4 Process of Power Generation
2.5 Elements of thermal power station
CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION:3.1 Introduction
3.2 Objective of Control and instrumentation.
CONTROL AND MONITERING MECHANISM:4.1 Pressure monitoring
4.2 Control valves
4.3 Temperature Monitoring
4.4 Electrical method of temperature monitoring
LABS IN CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION DEPARTMENT:5.1 Manometry Lab
5.2 Protection and interlocking lab.
5.3 Automation Lab
POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM:CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY

2
3
4
5
6-7
8-9
8
9
10-14
10-11
11-13
13
14

15-17
15
15-16
17
18
19
20

List of figure
FIGURE

Page no.

1. View of Thermal Plant

2. Coal fired Thermal power plant.
3. Process of Power generation in TPP.
4. Control Unit.
5. Pneumatic valve.
6. Hydraulic valve.
7. Motorized valve.
8. RTD and Thermocouple.
9. Block Diagram of Relay.
10. Electric Fuse.

1
3
5
8
12
13
13
14
16
17

vi