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Intro to Parasitology
Systematics of Nematodes
Soil transmitted helminthes (sth)
Intestinal nematodes of human beings
E. vermicularis
Food borne parasites
Vector borne parasites
Introduction to Parasitology
1.) Branch of biology that deals with
parasites which are physiologically
dependent on their hosts for survival.
2.) Parasitism is: (almost, always, almost
always) obligatory.
3.) According to WHO, what are the 6 priority
diseases?
4.) Leprosy is caused by a (parasite,
bacterium)
5.) Leishmaniasis is caused by?
6.) 2 types of trypanosomiasis.
7.) Filariasis is caused by (nematode,
platyhelminth)
8.) Schistosomiasis is caused by?
9.) Malaria is caused by a plasmodium, which
is an?
PREVALENCE RATE
10.) Amoebiasis: 10%, 20%, 30%
11.) Malaria: 2-6 million, 4-10 million, 8-10
million
12.) Trichuriasis: 500-800 million, 600-900
million, 400-600 million
13.) Ascariasis: 1 billion, 1.5 billion, 2
billion
TYPES OF PARASITES
14.) According to location on host
a.) Infection:
b.) Infestation:
15.) Head louse is an example of an (ecto,
endo) parasite.
16.) Infection and infestation are terms for
(condition, status).
17.) Mdiasis is caused by an (ecto, endo)
parasite.
18.) Mdiasis occurs in (oral tissue, throat
tissue)
19.) Which is more difficult to cure,
infection or infestation?
20.) Term for a disease that is caused by a
parasite.
21.) When signs and symptoms are
present.
22.) According to taxonomic group

a.) Protozoa
Phylum
Phylum
Phylum
b.) Helminths
Phylum
Phylum
c.) Arthropods:
Means ____-footed.
Most arthropods are (ecto, endo)
parasites.
23.) According to the degree of association
with host.
a.) Obligatory
Obligatory parasites are: endo,
ecto?
Obligatory parasites (can,
cannot) exist without the host
Example of an obligatory
parasite:
b.) Facultative or _________
Example of a facultative
parasite that is a free-living. It is
a parasite if it is subjected
under a harsh condition:
c.) Permanent
d.) Temporary or _________
Example of a temporary
parasite. (clue: they are
arthropods)
e.) Accidental or __________
Example of accidental parasite
of human.
f.) Aberrant
Aberrant parasites are very
_________.
They can ______ to other parts
of the body.
g.) Spurious or __________
Ingestion of a spurious parasite
can pass through the digestive
tract without infecting the host.
TRUE or FALSE?
h.) Hyperparasite
Plasmodium is an example of a
hyperparasite. This parasite
brings what disease?
Plasmodium is carried by what
vector?
Is that vector an arthropod?
Is that vector an (ecto, endo)
parasite?

Plasmodium is then, a parasite

of other parasite. TRUE or
FALSE?
Describe the ovum of
plasmodium. Is it
unembryonated?
i.) Pseudoparasite
Cite examples of
pseudoparasite.

24.) According to host specificity.

a.) Parasites with preference for human
host.
b.) Parasites with preference for animal
host.
c.) Animal parasites that can be
transmitted to humans.
d.) Parasite is common in man and
reservoir.
e.) Man is an incidental host.
f.) Parasites that are primarily of animal
origin but can be transmitted to
humans.
g.) Parasites that are primarily of human
origin but can be transmitted to other
vertebrates
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS ABOUT HOST
SPECIFICITY.
Tell the type of parasite according to host
specificity
1. Anopheles gambiensis
2. Anopheles flavirostris
3. Schistosoma

4. Ancylostoma caninum
5. Balantidium coli
6. Entamoeba histolytica
FACTORS AFFECTING A DISEASE
25.) Capacity of the parasite to harm the
host.
26.) Actual number of parasite within the
host is the?
27.) List down 3 host factors
a.)
b.)
c.)
TYPES OF HOSTS
28.) Definitive host:
29.) Intermediate host:
30.) Reservoir host:
31.) Paratenic, refrigerator or transport
host:
32.) Accidental or incidental host:
33.) Fomites:
34.) Dead end host:
35.) Vectors:
a.) __________ or mechanical
b.) ___________ vector
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS:
1. In S. japonicum, the infective stage is?
2. The infective host?
3. The definitive host?
4. The refrigerator host?
LIFE CYCLE
36.) 1 host:
37.) 2 or more hosts: