1

Coding-Decoding
Coding is a system of signals. This is a method of transmitting information in
the form of codes or signals without it being known by a third person. The
person who transmits the code or signal, is called the sender and the person
who receives it, is called the receiver. Transmitted codes or signals are decoded
on the other side by the receiverthis is known as decoding.
In questions on codes, a word (basic word) is coded in a particular way and the candidates are
asked to code other words in the same way. The coding and decoding tests are set up to judge
the candidates ability to decipher the rule that has been followed to code a particular
word/message and break the code to decipher the message.

Quick Laws of the English Alphabet

1. By using EJOTY, CFILORUX and DHLPTX formulae, we can easily remember the
position of letters of English Alphabet.
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24

4 8 12 16 20 24

C F I L O R U X

D H L P T X

Illustration 1
(1) 10
(5) 45

5 10 15 20 25

E J O T Y

If M = 13, then KITE = ?

(2) 20

(3) 30

(4) 40

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

Verbal

Solution (5) By using EJOTY formula,

11 9 20 5
K I T E 11 + 9 + 20 + 5 = 45

2. By using V Q L G B, W S O K G C and X U R O L I F C we can easily remember the

position of letters of alphabet in reverse order.

V Q L G B , W S O K G C X U R O L I F C

3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24

If G = 20, then VICE = ?

Illustration 2
(1) 69
(4) 90

Solution

4 8 12 16 20 24

5 10 15 20 25

(2) 70
(5) 95

(3) 75

(1) By using VQLGB, WSOKGC and XUROLIFC, we get

V I C E

5 18 24 22
=5 + 18 + 24 + 22 = 69

3. If the sum of two letters is 27, then both letters are opposite of each other.
In a certain code, LAKE is written as OZPV. How will BACK be written
in that same code?

Illustration 3
(1) ZYXP
(4) YZPX

(2) ZYPX
(5) XPZY

Solution (3) As

12
L

1 11 5
A K E

(3) YZXP

15 26 16 22
O Z P V
12 + 15 = 27
1 + 26 = 27
11 + 16 = 27
5 + 22 = 27

Similarly,

2
B

1
A

3 11
C K

25

26 24 16
Z X P

2 + 25 = 27
1 + 26 = 27
3 + 24 = 27
11 + 16 = 27

4. Right side position of a letter = 27 - Left side position of that letter.

Illustration 4

What is the number place of G from right side?

(1) 10
(5) 35

(2) 20

Solution (2)

(3) 25

27 -G (from left) = 27 - 7 - 20

(4) 30

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 5
l

Types of Questions
Following are the categories/types of questions which are generally asked in various
competitive examinations.

Type 1 Letter Coding

In this section, we are going to deal with types of questions, in which the letters of a word
are replaced by certain other letters according to a specific pattern/rule to form a code. You are
required to detect the coding pattern/rule and answer the question(s) that follow, based on
that coding pattern/rule.
Illustration 5 In a certain code language,

I T N I E T A M

PICTURE is written as QHDSVQF. How

would BROWSER be written in that same
code language?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

CQVVTDS
CQPVTDS
CQPUTDS
CQVPPDS
None of the above

Solution (2) Clearly, the letters in the word

PICTURE are moved alternately one step

forward and one step backward to obtain the
letters of the code. Thus, we have
+1

B C

I H

-1

R Q

C D

+1

O P

T S

-1

W V

U V

+1

S T

R Q

-1

E D

+1

R S

P Q Similarly,

E F

+1

-1

+1
-1

+1

-1

+1

Illustration 6 In a certain code language,

ITNIETAM is code for INTIMATE, then

which of the following words has the code
for TREVNIETARBI?
(1) INVRETIBRATE
(3) INVERTIBRETA
(5) INVERITBARTE

(2) INVERTIBARTE
(4) INVERTIBRATE

Solution (4) The letters of the first half and the

next half of the code are separately reversed to

obtain the word. Thus, we have

I N T I M A T E
Similarly,
T
I
R
N
E
V
V
E
N
R
I
T
E
I
T
B
A
R
R
A
B
T
I
E
Illustration 7 In a certain code language,

GIVE is written as VIEG and OVER is

written as EVRO. How will DISK be written
in that same code?
(1) SIDK
(3) KDSI
(5) None of these

(2) KISD
(4) SIKD

Solution (4) Here,

G
I
V
E

V
I
E
G

and

O
V
E
R

E
V
R
O

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

Similarly,

D
I
S
K

Verbal

S
I
K
D

MAGICAL TIPS

Illustration 8 In a certain code language, BAT is written

YZG. How will SICK be written in that same code?

(1) HRYV
(4) RHPX

Tip 1

If more than one codes are given

then the required code can
be derived from the question itself
and you will not need to solve it
mathematically. e.g.,. In a certain
code LOCATE is written as 981265
and SPARK as 47230, the code for
CASKET can be derived by common
letters in LOCATE and SPARK.

Tip 2

For a word in which a letter repeats

at those same pattern repeats for
2nd letter in the word itself. e.g.,
TASTE has code SZRSD, in this
case code for T is S in both cases
so if the coding pattern is -1 for
T it will be same for all the letters.

(2) HRZP
(3) HRXP
(5) None of these

Solution (3) As

2 + 25 = 27
1 + 26 = 27
20 + 7 = 27

Similarly,
S

H R

19 + 8 = 27
9 + 18 = 27
3 + 24 = 27
11 + 16 = 27

Note Each letter is coded by its opposite letter.

Type 2 Direct Letter Coding

In direct letter coding system, the code letters occur in the same sequence as the
corresponding letters occur in the words. This is basically a substitution method.
Illustration 9 In a certain code language, STARK is

Similarly,

written as LBFMG and MOBILE is written as TNRSPJ.

How will BLAME be written in that same code
language?
(1) TSFRJ
(3) NJFTP
(5) None of these

(2) RPFTJ
(4) TSFGJ

Solution (2) Using direct letter coding method,

S L and
T B
A F
R M
K G

B
L
A
M
E

M
O
B
I
L
E

T
N
R
S
P
J

R
P
F
T
J

In a coding system,
SHEEP is written as GAXXR and
BLEAT as HPXTN. How can SLATE
be written in that same coding
system?

Illustration 10

(1) GPTNX
(4) PTGXN

(2) GPTXN (3) GPXNT

(5) None of these

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 7
l

Solution (1) In both the words SHEEP and

Similarly,
S
L
A
T
E

BLEAT, the letter E is common and code for E

is substituted X. Hence, using direct letter
coding method, we have
S G
and
B H
H A
L P
E X
E X
E X
A T
P R
T N

G
P
T
N
X

Type 3 Number/Symbol Coding

In these types of questions, either numerical code values are assigned to a word or
alphabetical code letters are assigned to the numbers.
Illustration 11 If

4-12-9-16,
WOMAN?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

WORK is coded as
then how will you code

4-12-14-26-13
4-26-14-13-12
23-12-26-14-13
23-15-13-1-14
None of the above

Solution (1) We have,

W
O
R
K

4
12
9
16

Hence, W
O
M
A
N

4
12
14
26
13

Here, each letter is coded by the numerical

obtained by subtracting its position value in
English alphabet, from 27, e. g ., W, O, M, A, N
are 23rd, 15th, 13th, 1st and 14th letters. So,
their codes are (2723), (2715), (2713),
(271), (2714), i.e., 4, 12, 14, 26, 13,
respectively.
Illustration 12 If

RAJU is coded as
11-12-13-14 and JUNK is coded as
13-14-10-9, then how will you code RANK?

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

9-10-11-12
10-11-12-9
11-12-10-9
12-11-10-9
None of the above

Solution (3) We have,

R 11 and J 13
A 12
U 14
J 13
N 10
U 14
K 9
Similarly,
R 11
A 12
N 10
K 9
Here, each letter is assigned a specific value.
(Illustrations
14-16) Study
the
following letters and their corresponding digit
codes following by certain conditions of coding
and then answer the questions given below
them by finding out which of the digit
combinations given in (1), (2), (3) and (4) is the
coded form of the letter-groups given in each
question and mark your answer accordingly.

Directions

Conditions
(i) If both the first and the last letters in the group
are vowels, both should be coded as $.
(ii) If both the first and the last letters in the group
are consonants, both should be coded as #.

Illustration 13 KUNAJB
(1) 803917
(4) #0391$

(2) $0391$
(3) #0391#
(5) None of these

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

Verbal

Illustration 14 RBUKAE
(1) #70892
(3) 670982
(5) None of these

(2) 670892
(4) 607892

Illustration 15 EBNAPI
(1) 273954
(2) $7395$
(3) #7395#
(4) $7395#
(5) None of these

Solutions (Illustrations 13-15) We know that in

English alphabet A, E, I, O, U letters are vowels

and remaining letters are consonants.

13. (3) From condition (ii),

K U N A J B

# 0 3 9 1 #
Note This question does not follow any
condition.

14. (2) R B U K A

6 7 0 8 9
15. (2) From condition (i),
E B N A P

$ 7 3 9 5

2
I

Type 4 Deciphering Message Word Coding/Numeral Coding

To analyse such codes, any two messages bearing a common word/numeral are picked up.
The common code word/numeral will represent that word/code. Proceeding similarly by
picking up all possible combinations of two, the entire message can be decoded and the codes
for individual word/numeral be found.
Illustration 16 In a certain code language, it

pit sit means I am boy, it nit sit means I

am girl, which of the following means
girl?
(1) it
(4) nit

(2) pit
(3) sit
(5) None of these

Solution (4) We have,

it pit sit I am boy

it nit sit I am girl
Here, it sit is common in both the messages
and I am is common in both codes. Hence,
code for girl will be nit.
Illustration 17 In a certain code language,

786 means study very hard, 958 means

hard work pays and 645 means study and
work. Which of the following is the code for
very?

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

8
6
7
Cannot be determined
None of the above

Solution (3) Given,

7 8 6

study

very

hard

...(i)

9 5 8

hard

work pays

...(ii)

6 4 5

study

and

...(iii)

work

In the first and second statements, the

common code digit is 8 and the common
word is hard. So, 8 means hard. In the first
and third statements, the common code digit is
6 and the common word is study. So, 6
means study.
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 8 hard
From Eqs. (i) and (iii), 6 study
Hence, very 7

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 9
l

Type 5 Substitution Coding

In this section, some particular words are assigned certain substituted names. Now,
questions are formed based on that principles.
Illustration 18 If white is called blue, blue

is called red, red is called yellow, yellow

is called green, green is called black,
black is called violet and violet is called
orange, then what would be the colour of
human blood?
(1) Red
(3) Yellow
(5) Orange

(2) Green
(4) Violet

Solution (3) We know the colour of the human

blood is red and given that red is called

yellow. So, the colour of human blood is
yellow.

Illustration 19 If

Parrot is known as
Peacock, Peacock is known as Swallow,
Swallow is known as Pigeon and Pigeon is
known as Sparrow, then what would be the
name of Indian National Bird?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

Parrot
Swallow
Peacock
Pigeon
Sparrow

(2) We know Peacock is the Indian

National Bird. But here Peacock is known as
Swallow. So the answer is swallow.

Solution

Let us Practice
A. Base Level Exercise
1. If FISH is written as EHRG in a certain
code, then how would JUNGLE be written
in that same code?
(1) ITMFKD
(3) KVOHMF
(5) None of these

(2) ITNFKD
(4) TIMFKD

2. If GIRL is written as FJSK in a certain

code, then how would BOY be written in
that same code?
(1) CPX
(3) APZ
(5) None of these

(2) APX
(4) CPZ

3. If HAPPY is written as IBQQZ in a certain

code, then how would SORROW be written
in that code?
(1) TPSSXX
(3) TPPSPX
(5) None of these

(2) TTPSSPX
(4) TPSSSX

4. If the word TABLECLOTH is coded as

XEMRANRIXT, how can HOTEL be
coded?
[RRB ASM 2011]
(1) RIXAT
(3) TAXIR

(2) TIXAR
(4) RAXIT

5. If in a certain code language, MIRACLE is

coded as NKUEHRL, then how is
GAMBLE coded in that same code
language?
(1) JDOCMF
(4) AELGMN

(2) CLEMNK
(3) HCPFQK
(5) None of these

6. If in a certain code language, BROWSER is

written as RESWORB, then how
TEACHER be coded in that same language?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

REHCEAT
REHCAET
REHCTEA
AHRCTEA
None of the above

10

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

Verbal

7. In a certain code, P is #, A is %, C is f and E is

@. How is PEACE written in that code?
[IBPS Clerk 2012]

(1) #@%@#
(3) %#@f%
(5) None of these

(2) #@#f@
(4) #@%f@

8. In a certain code, BELIEF is written as

AFKKDH. How would SELDOM be
written in that code?
(1) RDKCHL
(3) RFKFNO
(5) None of these

(2) RFKENM
(4) TFKENP

9. In a certain code, INSTITUTION is written

as
NOITUTITSNI.
How
would
PERFECTIONS be written in that code?
(1) SNOICTEREP
(3) SNOITCEFRPE
(5) SNOITCEFPER

(2) SNOITCEFERP
(4) SNOITCEFREP

10. If DELHI is coded as 73541 and

CALCUTTA as 82589662, how will
CALICUT be coded?
[MAT 2012]
(1) 5279431
(3) 8251896

(2) 5978213
(4) 8543691

11. If in a certain code, DAUGHTER is written

as TERDAUGH, how will APTITUDE be
[SSC Steno 2012]
written in that code?
(1) DEUAPTIT
(3) DUEAPTIT

(2) UDEAPTIT
(4) DAUEPTIT

12. In a certain code, TERMINAL is written as

NSFUMBOJ and TOWERS is written as
XPUTSF. How is MATE written in that
same code?
[IBPS Clerk 2012]
(1) FUBN
(3) BNFU
(5) None of these

(2) UFNB
(4) BNDS

13. In a certain code, KAVERI is written as

VAKIRE. How is MYSORE written in that
same code?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

EROSYM
SYMROE
SYMEOR
SMYERP
SYMERO

14. In a certain code, GOODNESS is coded as

HNPCODTR. How is GREATNESS coded
in that same code?
(1) HQFZUODTR
(3) HQFZSMFRT
(5) None of these

(2) HQFZUMFRT
(4) FSDBSODTR

15. If in a certain code language, POPULAR is

coded as QPQVMBS, then which words
from the following would be coded as
GBNPVT?
(1) FARMER
(3) FRAMES

(2) FAMOUS
(4) FAMOTH

16. In a certain code, REFRIGERATOR is

coded as ROTAREGIRFER. Which words
from the following would be coded as
NOITINUMMA?
(1) ANMOMIUTMI
(3) AMMUNITION
(5) None of these

(2) AMNTOMUIIN
(4) NMMUNITIOA

17. In a certain code, CERTAIN is coded as

XVIGZRM SEQUENCE is coded as
HVJFVMXV. How would REQUIRED be
coded?
[SSC CGL 2012]
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

FJIVWVIR
VJIFWTRV
WVJRIFVI
IVJFRIVW

18. In a certain code, BUILDER is written as

JVCKSFE. How is SEALING written in that
[RRB TC/CC 2009]
same code?
(1) BFTKHOJ
(3) TFBKHOJ

(2) JOHKBT
(4) BFTKJOH

19. If code for SET is UGV, then what would

be the code for BRICK?
[Delhi Police 2009]
(1) CSJDL
(3) DTKEM

(2) DSJEM
(4) DTKFM

20. In a certain code language, CURATIVE is

written as BSVDDUHS. How STEAMING
is to be written in the same code language?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

BFUTFMHL
TUFBFMHL
BFUTLHMF
BFUTHOJN
None of the above

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 11
l

21. If VEHEMENT is written as VEHETNEM,

then how MOURNFUL be written in that
code language?
[RRB ASM 2009]
(1) MOURLUFN
(3) OURMNFUL

(2) MOUNULER
(4) URNFULMO

22. In a certain code language, COMPUTRONE

is written as PMOCTUENOR. How is
ADVANTAGES written in that same code?
[NMAT 2003]

(1) IDUJLAIC
(3) UJIDICLA
(5) None of these

(2) UJIDLAIC
(4) IDUJICLA

23. In a certain language, EXECUTIVE is

coded as TCIEUXVEE, then how is
MAUSOLEUM coded in that same
language?
[PGDTM 2006]
(1) LSEUOAUMM
(3) AUEUOSEMM

(2) AUUCOSLMM
(4) SLUEOAUMM

24. If REASON is coded as 5 and BELIEVED

as 7, what is the code number for
[SSC Multitasking 2012]
GOVERNMENT?
(1) 10

(2) 6

(3) 9

(4) 8

25. In a certain code, MOUSE is written as

PRUQC. How is SHIFT written in that
same code?
[Vijaya Bank Clerk 2010]
(1) VKIRD
(4) VIKRD

(2) VKIDR
(3) VJIDR
(5) None of these

26. If CARPET is coded to TCEAPR, then

[UP B.Ed. 2008]
NATIONAL is coded with
(1) NLATNOIA
(3) LNAANTOI

(2) LANOITAN
(4) LNOINTAA

27. In a certain code, CLOCK is written as

XOLXP. How will LOTUS be written in
that same code?
(1) OGLFH
(3) LOGFH
(5) None of these

(2) OLGFH
(4) OLGHF

28. In a certain code, LATE is written as

VGZO. How will SHINE be written in that
same code?
(1) VRMSH
(3) VMRSH
(5) None of these

(2) VMSHR
(4) MVRSH

29. If LOFTY is coded as LPFUY, DWARF will

be written as
[RBI Grade B 2011]
(1) DXASF
(4) DWBSG

(2) DXBSG
(3) DXATF
(5) None of these

30. In a coding system, JUNE is written as

PQRS and AUGUST is written as
WQFQMN. How can GUEST be written
in the same coding language?
(1) FQTMN
(4) FQSNM

(2) FPSMN
(3) FQSMN
(5) None of these

31. If in a code language, PARENT is written as

BDFGJK and CHILDREN is written as
MOXQUFGJ, how is REPRINT written in
that same code?
(1) FGBFXJK
(3) FGBFXGD

(2) FGBUXJK
(4) BGFXJK

32. If the word EARTH is written as QPMZS

in a coded form, how can HEART be
written in the same coding language?
(1) SQPZM (2) SQMPZ (3) SPQZM (4) SQPMZ

33. If the word ANU be written as MSN and

VINAY be written as PLSMZ in a code
language, how can we express the word
ANUVI in the same language?
(1) MSNPL
(4) MQMPL

(2) MPNSL
(3) MSMPL
(5) None of these

34. In a code language, APPLE is written as

PQQRS, RIS is written as ABC and
MANGO is written as TPXYZ. How will
ROSE be written in that same code
language?
(1) ABCS

(2) ACBS

(3) AZSC

(4) AZQS

35. In a certain code RAIN is writen as TCKP.

How is CLOUD written in that code?
[SSC Steno 2011]

(1) ENQWF (2) EMQWF (3) FNQWE (4) ENRWF

36. In a code language, PRINCE is written as

FLOWER and PRINCESS is written as
FLOWERSS. Which of the following word
would be coded as SLOWERS?
(1) SRINCE
(3) SRNICE

(2) SIRNCE
(4) None of these

12

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

Verbal

37. In a code language, ORGANISATION is

written as CBDWLQJWYQCL and
OPERATION is written as CXFBWYQCL.
How would SEPARATION be coded?
(1) EJXEBYQCL
(3) JFXWBWYQCL

(2) JFQYWBCXQL
(4) QCLYWBFXJE

Directions (Q. Nos. 38-41) In a defence message,

GETAWAY, FIRE, BACK-WARDS, MOVE, SLOW
is coded as BENCDCI, QHOE, PCTL-DCOXU,
ZMWE, VFMD. Based on this coding scheme,
spot the codes of the following words

38. OVER
(1) MWED (2) MWEO (3) MWOE (4) MWZO

39. DEADLY
(1) XECXEI

(2) XEEXCI

(3) XECXFI

(4) XENXFI

40. REWARD
(1) OEDCOU (2) OEDCOX (3) OEDNXE (4) OTDCOX

41. GREAT
(1) BOECN (2) BOENC (3) BOEHC (4) BOEQN

42. In a certain code, ZOOM is written as

POON and ROAD is written QOBE.
How would NOMP be coded in that code
language?
(1) PONX

(2) QOHB

(3) XONY

(4) MONZ

43. In a certain code, FIRE is written as QHOE

and MOVE as ZMWE. Following the same
rule of coding, what should be the code for
the word OVER?
[SSC FCI 2003]
(1) MWED
(3) MWOE

(2) MWEO
(4) MWZO

44. In a certain code, STOVE is written as

FNBLK, then how will VOTES be written
[SSC CPO 2003]
in the same code?
(1) FLKBN
(3) LKNBF

(2) LBNKF
(4) LNBKF

45. If MACHINE is coded as 19-7-914-15-20-11, then how will you code

DANGER in the same code?
(1) 11-7-20-16-11-24
(3) 10-7-20-13-11-24

(2) 13-7-20-9-11-25
(4) 13-7-20-10-11-25

Directions (Q. Nos. 46-50) Study the following

information to answer the given questions.
[IDBI Bank PO 2010]

In a certain code 318 means run very fast,

289 means to run away, 97 means to see
and 43 means very good.

46. What is the code for see?

(1) 3
(4) 9

(2) 7
(3) 4
(5) None of these

47. Which of the following represents, see good

run away?
(1) 8472
(4) 3289

(2) 7914
(3) 7319
(5) None of these

48. What is the code for run?

(1) 3
(4) 9

(2) 8
(3) 1
(5) None of these

49. Which of the following may represent good

to see away?
(1) 7485
(3) 5439
(5) None of these

(2) 3149
(4) 2479

50. What does 4 represent in this code?

(1) very
(3) run
(5) None of these

(2) fast
(4) good

51. If LINGER is 123456 and FORCE is

56789, then FIERCE will be
(1) 345667
(2) 456678
(3) 345677
(4) 556789
(5) Cannot be determined

52. In a certain code PRISM is written as

OSHTL and RUBLE is written as
QVAMD. How will WHORL be written in
that code?
[Allahabad Bank PO 2011]
(1) XIPSM
(3) UINSK

(2) VINSK
(4) XGPQM

53. If ZEBRA is written as 2652181, then how

can COBRA be written?
(1) 302181
(3) 31822151

(2) 3152181
(4) 1182153

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 13
l

54. In a certain code, FLOWERS is written as

EKNVDQR. How is SUPREME written in
that code?
[RRB ASM 2011]
(1) TQDROLD
(3) TQDDROL

(2) RTODQLD
(4) RTOQDLD

55. If ZIP = 198 and ZAP = 138, then how will

you code P?
(1) 1

(2) 3

(3) 8

(4) 9

56. If APE is written 369, then how would

PEA be written in the code language?
(1) 369

(2) 693

(3) 936

61. If FLARE is coded as 21, 15, 26, 9, 22, then

how would BREIF be coded in the same
language?
(1) 25, 9, 22, 21, 18
(3) 13, 19, 11, 37, 5

(2) 5, 37, 11, 19, 13

(4) 25, 9, 22, 18, 21

62. In a certain code, DOWN is written as

5@9# and NAME is written as #6%3.
How would MODE be written in that code?
[SBI Associates 2010]

(4) 963

57. If in a certain code language PARROT =

123345 and SOAT = 6425, then how would
ROAST be written in that same code
language?
(1) 32456 (2) 32564 (3) 34625 (4) 34265

58. If in a certain code language DASHE is

21845, then how would SHADE be written
in that same code language?
(1) 84125 (2) 84215 (3) 84152 (4) 84124

59. If ACNE is coded as 1, 3, 14, 5, then BOIL

will be coded as
(1) 5, 31, 21, 25
(3) 5, 29 19, 25

(1) EOADM (2) MEDOA (3) EMDAO (4) EDAMO

(5) None of these

(2) 2, 15, 9, 12
(4) 5, 29,19, 27

60. In a certain code language, DOME is

written as 8943 and MEAL is written as
4321. What group of letters can be formed
[SBI Clerk 2012]
for the code 38249?

(1) %653
(4) %@53

(2) %@63
(3) %5@3
(5) None of these

63. In a certain code language, SAFER is

written as 5@3#2 and RIDE is written as 2
%#, how would FEDS be written in that
[RBI Grade B 2009]
code?
(1) 3#5
(4) 3#%2

(2) 3@%5
(3) 3#%5
(5) None of these

64. If in a certain code language, EAT is written

as 318 and CHAIR is written as 24156,
then how TEACHER be written in that
[Delhi Police 2009]
code language?
(1) 8313426
(3) 8321436

(2) 8312436
(4) 8312346

65. If CAT = 12, then MAN =?

(1) 14
(3) 16
(5) None of these

(2) 24
(4) 15

B. Expert Level Exercise

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-5) Study the following
informations carefully and answer the questions
given below it.
[IBPS Clerk 2012]
Digits in the numbers are to be coded as follows

(ii) If the first as well as the last digits are odd,

both are to be coded by the code for the last
digit.

1. 562183
(1) PAVMRP
(4) DAVMRP

Conditions
(i) If the first as well as the last digits are even,
both are to the coded by the code for the
first digit.

(2) DAVMRD
(3) PAVMRD
(5) None of these

2. 627851
(1) PULRDM
(4) ABLRDM

(2) AVLDRM
(3) AVLFDM
(5) None of these

14

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

Verbal

3. 812354
(1) RLVPDF
(3) RMVPDR

10. 591426
(2) FMVPDF
(4) None of these

4. 397416
(1) PBLFMP
(4) PBDFMA

(2) ABLFMA
(3) PVLFMA
(5) None of these

(1) @RA%P
(3) @AR%P
(5) None of these

(2) PRA%@
(4) $RA%

Directions (Q. Nos. 11-15) Study the following

information to answer the given questions.
[IDBI Bank PO 2012]

5. 734192
(1) DPFMBV
(4) LPFMBV

(2) LPAMBV
(3) LPFMVB
(5) None of these

Directions (Q. Nos. 6-10) In each of the questions

given below, given a group of digits followed by
four combinations of letters/symbols numbered
(1), (2), (3) and (4). You have to find out which of
the combinations correctly represents the group
of the digits based on the coding system and the
conditions given below. Mark the number of that
combination as your answer. If none of the
combinations correctly represent the group of digits,
mark (5), i.e., None of these as your answer.

Conditions
(i) If the first digit is odd and the last digit is
even, the codes for the first and last digits
are to be reversed.
(ii) If the first and the last digits are even, both
are to be coded as .
(iii) If the first and the last digits are odd, both
are to be coded as $.

6. 215349
(1) RAPK%
(4) APK%R

(2) APK% (3) $APK%$

(5) None of these

7. 671254
(1) @MAP%
(4) %MAP

(2) $MAP$
(3) MAP
(5) None of these

8. 813469
(1) RAK%@D
(4) AK%@

(2) DAK%@R (3) DAP%@R

(5) None of these

9. 794821
(1) MR%DA
(3) M%RDA
(5) None of these

(2) AR%DM
(4) $R%D $

In a certain code new banking systems is coded

as ss tp na, officer in uniform is coded as or
mu at.
new bank officer is coded as or bk na, and
systems in bank is coded as bk at ss.

11. What does the code bk stand for ?

(1) new
(4) bank

(2) systems
(3) officer
(5) None of these

12. What will the code ss mu stand for?

(1) banking officer
(3) uniform banking
(5) None of these

(2) new uniform

(4) uniform systems

13. How will new officer be coded?

(1) or na
(4) tp or

(2) tp na
(5) ss at

(3) na at

14. How will bank officer in uniform be coded?

(1) ss na at or
(3) ss na bk at
(5) bk ss mu na

(2) bk at or mu
(4) at mu ss or

15. What is the code for in?

(1) ss
(4) mu

(2) or
(3) at
(5) None of these

16. In a certain language, sun shines brightly is

written as ba lo sul, houses are brightly lit
as kado ula ari ba and light comes from
sun as dopi kup lo mo. What are the
codewords for sun and brightly?
(1) ba, sul
(3) lo, ba

(2) sul, lo
(4) ba, lo

17. In a certain language oka peru means fine

cloths, meta lisa means clear water and
dona lisa peru means fine clear weather,
which word of that language means
weather?
(1) peru

(2) oka

(3) meta

(4) dona

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 15
l

18. In a certain language, me lo po means anu

weds vinay and pe to lo means vinay
comes here, which word in that language
means come?
(1) pe
(4) po

(2) to
(5) pe or to

(3) me

Directions (Q. Nos. 19-23) In each question below,

a group of digits/symbols is given, followed by
four combinations of letters numbered (1), (2),
(3) and (4). You have to find out which of the
combinations (1), (2), (3) and (4) correctly
represents the group of digits/symbols based on
the following coding system and the conditions
those follow and mark the number of that
combination as your answer. If none of the four
combinations correctly represents the group of
digits/symbols, mark (5) i . e., None of these as
the answer.
[Vijaya Bank Clerk 2012]

Conditions
(i) If the first unit in the group is an even digit and
the last unit is a symbol, both these are to be
coded as the code for the symbol.
(ii) If the first unit in the group is an odd digit and
the last unit is an even digit their codes are to be
interchanged.
(iii) If both the first and the last units in the group
are symbols, both these are to be coded as X.

(1) EFRIVJ
(4) XFRIVX

(2) JFRIVE
(3) EFRIVE
(5) None of these

24. In a certain code language, 123 means

bright little boy, 145 means tall big boy
and 637 means beautiful little flower.
Which digit in that language means bright?
(1) 1

(2) 2

(2) PEFHRP
(3) XEFHRX
(5) None of these

(3) 3

(4) 4

25. In a certain code, 975 means throw away

garbage, 528 means give away smoking
and 213 means smoking is harmful. Which
digit in that code means smoking?
(1) 5

(2) 8

(3) 2

(4) 3

26. In a certain code, BASKET is written as

5$3%#1 and TRIED is written as 14 #2.
How is SKIRT written in that code?
[IBPS PO 2011]

(1) 3%41
(4) 3#4%1

(2) 3%41
(3) 3%#41
(5) None of these

27. In a certain code language, 3a, 2b, 7c means

truth is eternal, 7c, 9a, 8b, 3a means
enmity is not eternal and 4d, 2b, 8b means
truth does not. Which of the following
means enmity in that language?
(1) 3a
(2) 7c
(5) None of these

(3) 8b

(4) 9a

28. If Lily is called Lotus, Lotus is called

Rose, Rose is called Sunflower and
Sunflower is called Marigold, then which
will be the national flower of India?
(1) Lily
(4) Marigold

19. @91#26
(1) JEFHRP
(4) PEFHRJ

23. 9124d6

(2) Lotus
(5) Sunflower

(3) Rose

29. In a certain code, the following numbers are

coded by assigning signs

20. 387@9
(1) KMDTAE
(3) EDMTAK
(5) None of these

(2) KDMATE
(4) KDMTAE

(2) VPKFRI
(3) XPKFRX
(5) None of these

22. %4187
(1) QIFDMU
(3) XIFDMX
(5) None of these

Which number can be decoded from the

[SSC Constable 2012]
given symbols?

21. 4@312d
(1) VPKFRV
(4) IPKFRV

(2) UNIFDMQ
(4) UIFDMU

>= <
(1) 63181 (2) 68731 (3) 62781 (4) 63118

30. On another planet, the local terminology for

earth, water, light, air and sky are sky,
light, air, water and earth, respectively. If
someone is thirsty there, what would he
drink?

16

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

(1) Light
(3) Sky

Verbal

(2) Air
(4) Water

31. If the animals which can walk are called

swimmers, animals who crawl are called
flying, those living in water are called
snakes and those which fly in the sky are
called hunters, then what will a lizard be
called?
(1) Swimmers
(3) Flying
(5) None of these

(2) Snakes
(4) Hunters

32. If bucket is known as tub, tub is known as

glass, glass is known as saucer, saucer is
known as spoon, then which utensil will be
used for drinking water?
(1) Tub
(3) Glass
(5) None of these

(2) Saucer
(4) Spoon

33. If orange is called butter, butter is called

soap, soap is called ink, ink is called
honey and honey is called orange, then
which of the following will be used for
washing clothes?
(1) Honey
(4) Soap

(2) Butter
(5) Ink

(3) Orange

34. In a certain code, the following alphabets are

coded in a certain way by assigning numbers
as follows
A D I L M N O R W
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Which word can be decoded from the
[SSC FCI 2012]
following ?
163514 97842
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

ANIMAL WORLD
ANIMAL LESS WORLD
WORLD OF ANIMALS
ANIMALS WORLD

35. In a certain code, the following alphabets are

coded in a certain way by assigning numbers.
A B C D E F G H
1 3 5 2 6 8 4 7

Which number can be coded for FEDCG?

(1) 86452
(3) 86524

(2) 86254
(4) 86245

36. If DREAM is coded as 78026 and CHILD

is coded as 53417, how can LEADER be
[MAT 2012]
coded?
(1) 102078
(3) 102087

(2) 102708
(4) 102780

37. In a certain code, 467 means leaves are

green, 485 means green is good and 639
means they are playing. Which digit stands
[RBI Grade B 2002]
for leaves in that code?
(1) 4
(3) 7
(5) None of these

(2) 6
(4) 3

38. In a certain code language MADRAS is

written as DAMSAR, how can MUMBAI
be written in that code language?
[SSC CHS 2012]

(1) BAIUMM
(3) IABMUM

(2) MUMIAB
(4) MBIAUM

Directions (Q. No. 39) According to certain codes

(i) min fin bin gin means trains are always late.
(ii) gin din cin hin means drivers were always
punished.
(iii) bin cin vin rin means drivers stopped all trains
(iv) din kin fin vin means all passengers were late.

39. Drivers were late would be written as

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

min cin din

cin din fin
fin din gin
gin hin min
None of these

40. If GERMANY is written as 7, 5, 18, 13, 1,

14, 25, how can FRANCE be written in that
code?
[SSC Steno 2012]
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

6,
6,
8,
8,

18, 1, 14, 3,
3, 18, 14, 1,
2, 14, 5, 13,
16, 14, 3, 1,

5
5
6
5

Answer with Explanations

A. Base Level Exercise
-1
-1
1. (1) As F
E Similarly, J I

+5
C
H
+6

I H

-1

U T

-1

S R

-1

N M

-1

+7
L

-1

G F

6. (2) As B
R
O
W
S
E
R

R
E
S
W
O
R
B

H G

-1

-1

L K
-1

E D
-1
-1
2. (2) As G
F Similarly, B A

+5
Q

+6
K

Similarly,

T
E
A
C
H
E
R

R
E
H
C
A
E
T

+1
I
J

+1
O
P

Note All letters are coded in reverse order.

+1
R
S

Y X

-1

7. (4) If P means #, A means %, C means f

and E means @.

-1

L K
+1
+1
3. (5) As H
I Similarly, S
T
+1
A
B

+1
O
P

+1
P
Q

+1
R
S

+1
P
Q

+1
R
S

+1
Y
Z

+1
O
P

Then,

-1
-1
8. (3) As B
A Similarly, S R

+1

W X

4. (2) According to question,

T A B L E C L O T H

X E M R A N R I X T
Similarly,
H OT E L

T I X AR
+1
+1
5. (3) As M
N Similarly, G
H
+2

+2

+3
U

+3
M
P

+4
A
E

C
+4
F

P E AC E

# @%f @
+1
E
F

+1
E
F

L K

-1

L K

I K

+2

D F

E D

-1

O N

+2

M O

F H

9. (4) As

I
N
S
T
I
T
U
T
I
O
N

-1

+2

-1

+2

N Similarly, P
O
E
I
R
T
F
U
E
T
C
I
T
T
I
S
O
N
N
I
S

Note All letters are coded in reverse order.

S
N
O
I
T
C
E
F
R
E
P

18

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

Verbal
+1
+1
15. (2) As P
Q Similarly, F
G

10. (3) If D E L H I

7 3 5 4 1
and C A L C U T T A

8 2 5 8 9 6 6 2
Then, C A L I C U T

8 2 5 1 8 9 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

11. (2) As DAUGHTER TERDAUGH

12. (3) If T E R M I N A L
NS F UMBO J

+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1

TOWE R S
XP U T S F

+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1

Then, M A T E

17. (4) As
+1 +1 +1 +1

V
A
K
I
R
E

Similarly, M
Y
S
O
R
E

+1
+1
14. (2) As G
H Similarly, G
H

O
O
D
N
E

-1

N
+1
P

-1
C
+1
O

-1
D

+1
S
T
-1
S R

+1
M
N

+1
U
V

+1
O
P

+1
L
M

+1
U
V

+1
A
B

+1
S
T

R
O
T
A
R
E
G
I
R
F
E
R

Similarly, A
M
M
U
N
I
T
I
O
N

N
O
I
T
I
N
U
M
M
A

Note All letters are coded in revese order.

BNFU

13. (5) As K
A
V
E
R
I

+1
P
Q

16. (3) As R
E
F
R
I
G
E
R
A
T
O
R

6 7 8 1 2 34 5

Similarly, APT I TUDE UDE APT I T

and

+1
A
B

+1
R
S

6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5

1 2 34 5 6 7 8

+1
O
P

-1

R Q
+1
E
F
-1
A Z
+1
T
U
-1
N M
+1
E
F
-1
S R
+1
S
T

S
Y
M
E
R
O

and

Hence,

C E R T A I

X V I G Z R
S E Q U E N C

H V J F V M X
R E QU I R E D

I V J F R I V W

M
E

Note The lettere given here are opposite

letters to each other.

18. (1) As B +1
U
I
-1
L
D
E
R +1

J Similarly, S +1
V
E
C
A
-1
K
L
S
I
F
N
E
G +1

B
F
T
K
H
O
J

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 19
l

+2

19. (3) As S U

+2

Now, GOVERNMENT = 9

+2

\Number of letter = 10 -1 = 9

Similarly, B D

+2

R T

E G
+2

+2

I K

T V

+2

C E
+2

K M

20. (1) As C
U
R +1
A
T
I
V
-1
E

B Similarly, S
S
T
V
E +1
D
A
D
M
U
I
H
N
-1
S
G

B
F
U
T
F
M
H
L

21. (1) As V
E
H
E
M
E
N
T

V Similarly,
E
H
E
T
N
E
M

M
O
U
R
L
U
F
N

22. (5) As C
O
M
P
U
T
R
O
N
E

P Similarly, A
M
D
O
V
C
A
T
N
U
T
E
A
N
G
O
E
R
S

M
O
U
R
N
F
U
L

A
V
D
A
T
N
S
E
G
A

23. (1) As E X E C U T I V E T C I E U X V E E
1 2 3 4 56789 64735 2 81 9
Similarly,
M A U S O L E U M L S E U O A U M M
1 2 3 45 6 7 8 9
6 4 7 3 5 2 8 1 9
24. (3) Given, REASON = 5
BELIEVED = 7
Here, Number of letters 1

+3

+3

25. (2) As M P Similarly, S V

+3

O R
U U

+3

H K
I I

S Q

F D

T R

E C

26. (3) As C
A
R
P
E
T

T Similarly, N
C
A
E
T
A
I
P
O
R
N
A
L

L
N
A
A
N
T
O
I

Note Each last and first group letter coded

sequentially.

27. (2) As
24 15 12 24 16
X O L X P

3 12 15 3 11
C L O C K
3 + 24 = 27
12 + 15 = 27
15 + 12 = 27
3 + 24 = 27
11 + 16 = 27

Similarly,
12 15 20 21 19
L O T U S

15 12 7 6 8
O L G F H
12 + 15 = 27
15 + 12 = 27
20 + 7 = 27
21 + 6 = 27
19 + 8 = 27

28. (3) As
12
L

1 20 5
A T E

22 7 26 15
V G Z O
5 + 22 = 27
20 + 7 = 27
1 + 26 = 27
12 + 15 = 27

20

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

Similarly,
19 8 9 14 5
S H I N E

Verbal

22 13 18 19 8
V M R S H
5 + 22 = 27
14 + 13 = 27
9 + 18 = 27
8 + 19 = 27
19 + 8 = 27

29. (1) Given, L

+0

Then,

+1

L
D

P
W

+0

+1

F
+0

F
A
+0

Similarly,
T
+1

U
R
+1

Y
+0

Y
E
+0

30. (3) J P and A W Similarly, G F

U Q
U Q
U Q
N R
G F
E S
E S
U Q
S M
S M

T N

Similarly,

and

A
N
U
V
I

V P
I L
N S
A M
Y Z

M
S
N
P
L

34. (4) As A P R A and M T

P Q I B
A P
P Q S Q
N X
L R G Y
E S
O Z
Similarly, R A
O Z
S Q
E S
35. (1) As
+2

+2

R T Similarly, C E

T N

31. (1) As P B
A D
R F
E G
N J
T K

33. (1) As A M
N S
U N

and C M
H O
I X
L Q
D U
R F
E G
N J

R F
E G
P B
R F
I X
N J
T K

32. (4) As E Q Similarly, H S

A P
E Q
R M
A P
T Z
R M
H S
T Z

+2

+2

L N

A C
+2

+2

O Q

I K
+2

+2

N P

U W
+2

36. (1) As P F
R L
I O
N W
C E
E R

Similarly,

S
R
I
N
C
E

and

D F
P F
R L
I O
N W
C E
E R
S S
S S
S
L
O
W
E
R

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 21
l

37. (3) O C
R B
G D
A W
N L
I Q
S J
A W
T Y
I Q
O C
N L
Similarly,

O C
P X
E F
R B
A W
T Y
I Q
O C
N L

and

S
E
P
A
R
A
T
I
O
N

J
F
X
W
B
W
Y
Q
C
L

Solutions (Q. Nos. 38-41)

G B
E E
T N
A C
W D
A C
Y I

F Q
I H
R O
E E

B P
A C
C T
K L

W D
A C
R O
D X
S U

M Z
O M
V W
E E

38. (2) O M
V W
E E
R O

and

S V
L F
O M
W D

39. (3) D
E
A
D
L
Y

X
E
C
X
F
I

40. (2) R O
E
W
A
R
D

E
D
C
O
X

41. (1) G
R
E
A
T

B
O
E
C
N

42. (4) Z P
O O
O O
M N

and R Q
O O
A B
D E

Similarly,

N M
O O
M N
P Z

43. (2) F Q
I H
R O
E E
Similarly,

and

O
V
E
R

M Z
O M
V W
E E
M
W
E
O

44. (2) As S F Similarly, V L

T N
O B
O B
T N
V L
E K
E K
S F
+6

+6

45. (3) As M 19 Similarly, D 10

+6

A 7
+6

C 9

+6

A 7

+6

N 20

22

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

+6

Verbal

+6

H 14

G 13

I 15

E 11

+6

+6

R 24

N 20
+6

E 11

Solutions (Q. Nos. 46-50)

Means

Code
3

run

very

fast

to

run

away

to

see

+6

+6

Then, W

+1

47. (1) See Good Run Away 8472

48. (2) Run 8
49. (4) Good to See away 2479
50. (4) 4 Good
51. (5) L 1
and
F 5
I 2
O 6
N 3
R 7
G 4
C 8
E 5
E 9
R 6
F 5
I 2
E 9/5
R 6/7
C 8
E 9/5
Hence, cannot be determined.
Similarly,

52. (2) Given, P

1

and

O
R
1

I
+1

S
U
+1

S
1

H
B
1

+1

T
L
+1

L
E
1

Note Each letter is coded in alphabet

sequence.

54. (4) Given, F

Then,

46. (2) See 7

53. (2) Z 26 Similarly, C 3

E 5
O 15
B 2
B 2
R 18
R 18
A 1
A 1

Good

Very

+1

O
1

S
1

55. (3) Z 1
I 9
P 8
Similarly,

Z 1
A 3
P 8
P 8

and

56. (2) As A 3 Similarly, P 6

P 6
E 9
E 9
A 3
57. (4) P 1
and
A 2
R 3
R 3
O 4
T 5
Similarly, R 3
O 4
A 2
S 6
T 5
58. (1) D 2
A 1
S 8
H 4
E 5

S 6
O 4
A 2
T 5

Similarly,

S 8
H 4
A 1
D 2
E 5

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 23
l

59. (2) A 1
C 3
N 14
E 5

Similarly, B 2
O 15
I 9
L 12

E #
R 2
Similarly,

60. (4) As

D O M E and M E A L


8 9 4 3
4 3 2 1
Similarly, 3 8 2 4 9

E D A M O
61. (4) F 21 Similarly, B 25
L 15
R 9
A 26
E 22
R 9
I 18
E 22
F 21

64. (2) E 3
A 1
T 8

Similarly,

Note Each letter is coded in opposite alphabet

sequence.

62. (4) D 5
O @
W 9
N #
Similarly,

63. (3) S 5
A @
F 3

N #
A 6
M %
E 3

and

M %
O @
D 5
E 3
and

R 2
I
D %

E #
F 3
E #
D %
S 5

and C 2
H 4
A 1
I 5
R 6
T 8
E 3
A 1
C 2
H 4
E 3
R 6

1 20
65. (1) As C3 A
T
= ( 3 + 1 + 20) 2
= 24 2 = 12
13 1 14
Similarly, M A N
= (13 + 1 + 14) 2
= 28 2 = 14

B. Expert Level Exercise

Solutions (Q. Nos. 1-5)
1. (3) 5 6 2 1 8 3

P A V M R P

(condition number (ii) follows)

2. (4) 6 2 7 8 5 1

A B L R D M
(no condition follows)
3. (1) 8 1 2 3 5 4

R M V P D R
(condition number (i) follows)

4. (4) 3 9 7 4 1 6

P B D F M A
(no condition follows)
5. (1) 7 3 4 1 9 2

D P F M B V
(no condition follows)
6. (4) 2 1 5 3 4 9

A P K % R
(none of the conditions is applicable)

24

How to Crack Test of Reasoning

Verbal

7. (3) 6 7 1 2 5 4

M A P
(condition (ii) is applicable)
8. (2) 8 1 3 4 6 9

D A K % @ R
(none of the conditions is applicable)
9. (4) 7 9 4 8 2 1

$ R % D $
(condition (iii) is applicable)
10. (1) 5 9 1 4 2 6

@ R A % P
(condition (i) is applicable)

Solutions (Q. Nos. 11-15)

new banking

systems ss

tp na

officer in uniform or mu at
new
systems

\ ss

bank
in

officer or
bank

bk

bk
at

na
ss

systems, bk bank

at

in, na new

or

officer, mu uniform

and tp banking
11. (4) bk stands for bank.
12. (4) ss mu stands for systems uniform.
13. (1) new officer be coded as or na.
14. (2) bank officer in uniform be coded as bk
at or mu.

From Eqs. (i) and (iii), sun lo

Hence, sun lo and brightly ba

17. (4) oka peru fine cloth

(i)
meta lisa clear water
(ii)
dona lisa peru fine clear weather(iii)
From Eqs. (i) and (iii), peru fine
From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), lisa clear
Hence, dona weather
18. (5) me lo po anu weds vinay
(i)
pe to lo vinay comes here
(ii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), lo vinay
Hence, come is either as pe or to.
Solutions (Q. Nos. 19-23)
19. (4) @ 9 1 $ 2 6

P E F H R J
(no such condition is follow)
20. (4) 3 8 7 # 9

K D M T A E
(no such condition is follow)
21. (1) 4 @ 3 1 2 d

V P K F R V
(first (i) condition follow)
22. (3) % 4 1 8 7 *

X I F D MX
(third (iii) condition follows)
23. (2) 9 1 2 4 d 6

J F R I V E
(second (ii) condition follows)
24. (2) 1 2 3 bright little boy

(i)

15. (3) in is coded as at.

1 4 5 tall big boy

(ii)

16. (3) sun shines brightly ba lo sul (i)

houses are brightly lit
kado ula ari ba (ii)
light comes from sun
dopi kup lo mo (iii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), brightly ba

6 3 7 beautiful little flower

(iii)

From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 1 boy

From Eqs. (i) and (iii), 3 little
Hence, 2 bright.

Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 25
l

25. (3) 9 7 5 throw away garbage

(i)
5 2 8 give away smoking
(ii)
2 1 3 smoking is harmful
(iii)
From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), smoking 2
26. (1) As B A S K E T

5 $ 3 % # 1
and

T R I E D

1 4 # 2

Similarly, S K I R T

3 % 4 1
27. (4) 3a 2b 7c truth is eternal
(i)
7c 9a 8b 3a enmity is not eternal (ii)
4d 2b 8b truth does not
(iii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 7c is/eternal
From Eqs. (i) and (iii), 2b truth
From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), 8b hot
Hence, 9a enmity
28. (3) We know national flower of India is
Lotus and here Lotus is called Rose.
29. (2) According to given signs table
> = <

6 8 7 3 1
30. (1) Water quenches thirst and here water is
called as light.
31. (3) Lizard flying
32. (2) Glass is used for drinking water and here
glass is called as saucer.
33. (5) Soap is used for washing clothes and here
soap is called ink.
34. (1) According to given alphabets codes
1 6 3 5 1 4 9 7 8 4 2

A N I M A L W O R L D
35. (2) According to given statements.
F E D C G

8 6 2 5 4

36. (2) Given, D R E A M

7 8 0 2 6
and

C H I L D

5 3 4 1 7
Similarly, L E A D E R

1 0 2 7 0 8
37. (3) 4 6 7 leaves are green
6 3 9 they are playing
4 8 5 green is good
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 6 are
From Eqs. (i) and (iii), 4 green
Hence, 7 leaves
38. (2) If

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

M A D R A S
D A M S A R

Then,

M U M B A I

M U M I A B
39. (2) min fin bin gin
trains are always late (i)
gin din cin hin
drivers were always punished (ii)
bin cin vin rin
drivers stopped all trains (iii)
din kin fin vin
all passengers were late
(iv)
From Eqs. (i) and (iv), fin late
From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), cin drivers
From Eqs. (ii) and (iv), din were
Hence, drivers were late cin din fin
40. (1) Given, G E R M A N Y

7 5 18 13 1 14 25
Here, the number of letters are written in
place of code.
Hence, F R A N C E

6 18 1 14 3 5