OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

vimukthi Adithya
BM 53/11

Operations Management
Qualification

Unit Number and Title

BTEC HND in Business Management

Unit 34: Operations Management

Student Name

Assessor Name

K. Vimukthi Adithya Silva 53/11

H AM Hasanthika

Date Issued

Deadline

26/07/2015

30/08/2015

Submitted on

Assignment Title
Operations Management
This is the assignment to create evidence and assessment opportunities against the criteria for
Unit 34.

Student Declaration
I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully acknowledged.
Signature:

Strengths of suggested assignment approach/tasks

Date: .

Operations Management
Weaknesses of suggested assignment approach/tasks

Good ideas I will take from this suggested assignment approach/tasks

Advice and developmental suggestions to improve this suggested assignment approach/tasks

Assignment Review

Operations Management

Unit34: Operations Management Assignment Brief

Operations management involves addressing various issues that an organization faces. These
issues vary markedly in terms of the time frame, the nature of the problem, and the
commitment of the required resources. Simple problems include deciding how to re-route
jobs when a machine breaks down on a shop floor, or how to handle a surge in demand in a
service system. On the other hand, decisions such as where to locate the plant, what capacity
to build in the system, and what type of products and services to offer to the customers
require greater commitment of resources and time. Operations management provides
alternative methodologies to address such wide ranging issues in an organization.
(Mahadevan, 2010)
Task 01
1. Explain the role and responsibilities of an operations manager within an organization
and briefly outline how operations can contribute to the overall strategy of an
organisation and ultimately the success of the business.
Service and contrast the activities within operations management in manufacturing
2. Compare
Product
and service sector.

3. A major responsibility for all managers in the future will be the support of company
based systems designed to ensure the quality of products or services. Briefly discuss
why quality has become such a live issue today?
4. What is the difference between the Effectiveness and the Efficiency? Explain with
suitable examples.
5. We can define the Performance Objectives as; The aspects of Operations
Performance that satisfy market requirements and therefore that the operation is
expected to pursue. There is a set of five performance objectives which have meaning
for any type of operation.(Slack, 1988)
a. Select any two; out of the five performance objectives Quality, Speed,
Dependability, Flexibility & Cost could possibly be influenced by the Product
or Service design and the Process design.

Operations Management
Task 2
The integration of all aspects of a project, ensuring that the proper knowledge and resources
are available when and where needed, and above all to ensure that the expected outcome is
produced in a timely, cost effective manner.(CIMA: Official Terminology; 2000 edition, p.
117)
1. Discuss the importance of Project Management.
2. The term Feasibility is often used when assessing the viability of projects.
a. Explain the term Feasibility.
b. Discuss the aspects of feasibility that are typically considered in project selection.
3.
Task

Length

A. High level analysis

B. Selection of hardware platform
C. Installation and commissioning of hardware
D. Detailed analysis of core modules
E. Detailed analysis of supporting modules
F. Programming of core modules
G. Programming of supporting modules
H. Quality assurance of core modules
I. Quality assurance of supporting modules
J. Core module training
K. Development and QA of accounting reporting
L. Development and QA of management reporting
M. Development of Management Information System
N. Detailed training

1 week
1 day
2 weeks
2 weeks
2 weeks
2 weeks
3 weeks
1 week
1 week
1 day
1 week
1 week
1 week
1 week

Dependen
t on...
A
B
A
D
D
E
F
G
C,H
E
E
L
I, J, K, M

a. Explain the phases of Project Management.

b. Draw the network diagram and hence find the total duration of the project.
Task 3
1. Ready Mikks Company produces both interior and exterior paints from two raw
materials, M1 and M2. The following table provides the basic data of the problem.

Operations Management
Tons of raw material per ton of
Exterior Paint Interior Paint
Raw Material M1
Raw Material M1
Profit per ton (Rs. 1000)

6
1
5

4
2
4

Maximum Daily
Availability
24
6

A market survey indicates that the daily demand for interior paint cannot exceed that of
exterior paint by more than 1 ton. Also, the maximum daily demand of interior paint is
2 tons. Ready Mikks needs to determine the optimum (best) production mix of interior
and exterior paints that maximizes the total daily profit.
a. Develop the Linear Programming Model.
b. Use the graphical method and find the optimal solution.
2. Solve the following job machine assignment problem. Cost data are given below:

Operations Management
3. Obtain initial solution in the following transportation problem by using Least Cost method

250

Operations Management

Grading Criteria

Operations Management
Merit Criteria

Operations Management
Distinction Criteria

Operations Management

The completed assignment should consist of the following documents and should be in
order:
ASSIGNMENT
GUIDELINES
1.
Cover Sheet / PREPARATION
Title page
Assignment
Type your assignment
clearly
2.
Brief
o Font type: Times new roman/Arial
3. Grading Descriptors
o Font size
4. Acknowledgement
Headings : 14 pt, Bold, Underlined
Sub-headings : 12 pt, Bold, Underlined
5. Executive Summary
Body : 12 pt, normal
6. Table of contents
Align : Justify
Line spacing :(if
1.5applicable)
7. List of illustrations/diagrams
Margins : 1 form each side
8. Introduction
Numbering : at the bottom right hand corner
9. Answer for Task
01
Header
10. Answer for Task 02 Left side- subject name
Right side- individual/group assignment
11. Answers for Task 03
Footer
12. Conclusion
Left side- batch number
Right side-page number
13. Reference
All the Figures, Tables, Diagrams etc. should be numbered
14. Appendixes ( if applicable)
Label sketches properly and neatly.
Write on only one side of the paper.
Utilize a table of contents and section headings where applicable.
Use size A4 paper.
Provide a title page and a front cover.
Do not forget to sign the plagiarism statement on the cover sheet of your assignment.
Please note that plagiarism is treated as a serious offence and therefore the work you
produce must be individual and original although may work in groups in some instance
All sources of information must be referenced using Harvard referencing where a
reference listing should be included at the end of the assignment
Assignments returned to students for re-working must be re-submitted within 10 days
(Please refer to Student Handbook on Assignments Re-submission).
Failure to re-submit the previously marked assignment with the re-submitted
assignment will mean that results cannot be released for the respective unit.
Please note that the technical failures which occur during the assignment processing
period are not counted as an excuse for late submissions. As a precaution you are
expected to have a backup file (a copy of your assignment) by all means saved in the
system to avoid sudden system crashes and technical failures.
The ethical procedures of the course strictly maintain a data security policy on students
work and you should submit a soft copy of your completed assignment along with your
completed assignment hard copy in order to avoid assignment information distribution
among others.

Operations Management

Acknowledgment
I would like to thank Mrs H AM Hasanthika for sharing her valuable ideas with us regarding
Operations Management. Her lecture gave me some valuable points and the hand-outs that
were given came in handy while doing the report. My friends at ICBT who helped at various
situations and the books at the library helped me to gain a good knowledge.

Operations Management

Executive summary
Operations management involves "overseeing, designing, controlling the process of
production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods and/or services.
Few responsibilities of operation Managers are; Management of Resources, Financial
Management, Goal-setting, Communications to name a few. The principle role of the
manufacturing firm is to turn physical raw materials into tangible products.
A service industry also provides a product but this product is often (but not always) intangible
and cannot be described in the same dimensional terms as manufactured goods. The main
differences between manufacturing and servicing are the output, the customer contact,
uniformity of input, labour content, uniformity of output, measurement of productivity and
the opportunity to correct quality problems.
The reason why quality became highly important to organizations is because of globalization,
shifting customer value expectations, technological innovations, and population growth and
improved organizational effectiveness and efficiency. Among many other benefits, quality
management leads; Employee loyalty, Greater customer satisfaction, Higher productivity,
Increased market share, Improved profitability, Improved organizational culture.
Effectiveness is the level of results from the actions of employees and managers. Efficiency
in the workplace is the time it takes to do something.
Performance objectives are very important and play a pivotal role in determining the success
of the organization.
Project management is about creating structure and managing the project commitments and
the delivery of agreed upon results. few importance of Project Management is: It identifies,
manages and controls quality, It identifies, manages and controls risks, It manages change, It
identifies and manages integration, Implementing project management across the
organization helps create a strategic value chain that gives companies an edge on their
competitors.
Feasibility in simpler form means the capability of doing something pr carrying out
something.

Operations Management
Few aspects of Feasibilities that should be considered in Project selection are; Technical
Feasibility, Economical Feasibility, Legally Feasibility , Operational Feasibility, Scheduling
Feasibility. Usually there are 5 phases of Project management. They are; Project
Initiation, Project Planning, Project Execution, Project Monitoring and Control, and Project
Closure.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

2. Roles and responsibilities of an operations manager within an organization and how

operations can contribute to the overall strategy of an organization and ultimately the
success of the business
.2-3
3. Comparison of activities within operations management in manufacturing and service
sector 3-4
4. Why quality has become such a live issue today

5. Difference between effectiveness and efficiency with examples

6. How performance objectives could possibly be influenced by the product or service

design and the process design 7
7. The importance of Project Management

8. Task 2 9
a) Meaning of Feasibility

b) Aspects of feasibility that are typically considered in project selection 9-10

9.

a) The phases of Project Management

b) The Network diagram

11-12

13

10. Task 3 14
a) Linear Programming Model

14

b) The optimal solution using the graphical solution

11. Job machine assignment problem

15-16

17-18

12. Initial solution in the transportation problem by using Least Cost method 19
13. Conclusions

20

14. Reference

21

Operations Management

1. Introduction
Operations management involves addressing various issues that an organization faces. It
management involves "overseeing, designing, controlling the process of production and
redesigning business operations in the production of goods and/or services.
This report shows the roles and responsibilities of an operation manager within an
organization and how operations can contribute to the overall strategy of an organization and
then ultimately to the success of the business.
The principle role of the manufacturing firm is to turn physical raw materials into tangible
products. A service industry also provides a product but this product is often (but not always)
intangible and cannot be described in the same dimensional terms as manufactured goods.
This report clearly compares the activities within operations management in manufacturing
and service sector.
Quality has become such an important area nowadays. The customers mainly want the quality
of the product and the service to be high. The report shows why quality is very important and
the benefits of having good quality. The report also shows the main differences of
effectiveness and efficiency using practical examples.
There are mainly five performance objectives and out of the five speed and flexibility are
taken to show they could be influenced by the product or service design and the process
design.
Project management is about creating structure and managing the project commitments and
the delivery of agreed upon results. The report explains the importance of Project
management. Feasibility in simpler form means the capability of doing something pr carrying
out something. There are usually five aspects of feasibility that are typically considered in
project selection. These factors are described briefly in this report. The report also shows the
phases of Project management.
The report shows the network diagram for the given task 2. It shows the linear programming
model and shows the optimal solution using the graphical method.
The job machine assignment problem is solved and so does the transportation problem, which
is done using the least, cost method.

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2. Roles and responsibilities of an operations manager within an

organization and how operations can contribute to the overall strategy
of an organization and ultimately the success of the business.
Operations management involves "overseeing, designing, controlling the process of
production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods and/or services.
Operation Management is also the coordination of those activities in a business that are
involved in combining inputs for the purpose of producing an output that is valued by
consumers.
Operation Managers are an important element for all the organizations and they play a pivotal
role. Few of the roles and responsibilities are given below.
Management of Resources
Operations managers play a leading role in managing both raw materials and personnel.
Oversight of inventory, purchasing and supplies is central to the job. Human resources tasks
include determining needs, hiring employees, overseeing assignment of employees and
planning staff development.

Financial Management

Operations managers play a key role in budgeting, controlling costs and keeping the
organization on track financially. Their management of the supply chain and other resources
helps minimize costs of production. They study business forecasts, sales reports and financial
statements to find ways to maximize results. They use methods such as cost-benefit analysis
to improve efficiency. Modern operations management even includes sustainability in the
financial equation.

Goal-setting

Operations managers set goals and objectives and establish policies for various departments
in the organization. For example, operations manager duties include sales forecasting and
planning of sales promotions. In cooperation with other managers, they help establish
procedures and put them into effect.

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Communications

Operations managers need good communication and interpersonal skills to help the different
parts of an organization work together. Their job includes creating a positive culture where
the work can get done. They facilitate communication between employees and departments.
At times, operation managers help resolve disputes or disagreements. Operations managers
cooperate in high-level decision making with other top executives of an organization, such as
the president, chief financial officer and chief executive. (Karen Farnen)
Operation Managers contribute immensely to the overall strategy. It is because of these
operation managers the various processes of the organization are run smoothly. They will set
up budgets and estimations which will help the employees and goals will be set.

3. Comparison

of

activities

within

operations

management

in

manufacturing and service sector

The principle role of the manufacturing firm is to turn physical raw materials into tangible
products. A tangible product is one that can be physically touched, valued in monetary terms,
visualized, and described by dimensional terms such as weight, length, height, volume, etc.
A service industry also provides a product but this product is often (but not always) intangible
and cannot be described in the same dimensional terms as manufactured goods.
(D. L. Waller, 1999, p.6).
Service and manufacturing operations have differences, but also similarities. For example,
both create mission statements and a vision for how the organization will be run and
perceived by customers. Each provider or manufacturer wants to lead the market in its
specific industry. However, manufacturing and service operations answer different questions
and formulate different strategies when it comes to planning and managing the way in which
an organization is run. Few differences are given below.

In a manufacturing environment, operations managers oversee the activities required

to produce goods from raw materials. Issues managers in this environment face
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include managing the space to store raw materials, the flow of materials through the
manufacturing process, how much product to produce and quality of output. In a
service operation, operations managers schedule workers to handle customer demand.
They must coach and train employees to provide optimal services to customers.
Service operations that also sell physical goods also face inventory control issues,
such as how much to stock and when to order.

Manufacturing operations produce tangible goods, which are physical products that
can be held and seen. Manufacturing can be broken down into two branches: process
and discrete manufacturing. Service operations provide certain intangible services
that may not be easily identifiable. Service operations can be classified into many
industries, such as banking, hospitality, advertising and consultancy.

Manufacturers have a standardized way of producing goods. Goods are produced en

masse in a factory or warehouse-type environment. One finished product is generally
the same as the next. Service operations, by contrast, have more opportunities to
customize the services they provide. For example, beauticians and hairdressers must
customize the styling and treatments to match the customer's hair, shape of face and
other characteristics.

Manufacturing and service operations both plan the environment in which work takes
place, but they focus on different elements. Manufacturing operations, for instance,
consider the manufacturing layout. Service operations, by contrast, plan the
environment according to how it affects customers.
(Matthew Schieltz)

There are a few similarities when it comes to issues between Service and Manufacturing
organizations and it will affect the end result of the operation. Both face issues of cost
control. Service operations' indirect cost of providing services must be kept low so that the
organization can provide competitive prices to customers and still turn a profit. Likewise,
manufacturing operations must find suppliers of raw materials at the lowest cost, and highest
quality, other issues both types of operations face include forecasting demand for products
and services and staying competitive in the marketplace.
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4. Why quality has become such a live issue today

Quality is never an accident; it is always the result of high intention, sincere effort,
intelligent direction and skilful execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives.
(William A. Foster)
Quality has become such an important area nowadays. The customers mainly want the quality
of the product and the service to be high. Companies may produce the same product, the price
may also be similar but the customers might choose on over the other due to quality. This is
mainly relevant for services.

The reason why quality became highly important to organizations is because of globalization,
shifting customer value expectations, technological innovations, and population growth. In
order to keep up with the global competition, customer demands, and fast changing
technological innovations organizations implement quality systems, which aim continuous
improvement. Among many other benefits, quality management leads to:

Improved organizational effectiveness and efficiency

Employee loyalty
Greater customer satisfaction
Higher productivity
Increased market share
Improved profitability
Improved organizational culture

The most successful organizations which remain competitive in todays economy are those
who undertake quality initiatives. Poor quality management can have a negative effect on
organizations, such as business failure. Businesses should aim at improving their
performance by employing the techniques that lead to abovementioned benefits.
(Professional Evaluation and Certification Board (PECB) )

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5. Difference between effectiveness and efficiency with examples

Effectiveness is the level of results from the actions of employees and managers. Employees
and managers who demonstrate effectiveness in the workplace help produce high-quality
results. Take, for instance, an employee who works the sales floor. If hes effective, hell
make sales consistently. If hes ineffective, hell struggle to persuade customers to make a
purchase. Companies measure effectiveness often by conducting performance reviews. The
effectiveness of a workforce has an enormous impact on the quality of a companys product
or service, which often dictates a companys reputation and customer satisfaction.
Efficiency in the workplace is the time it takes to do something. Efficient employees and
managers complete tasks in the least amount of time possible with the least amount of
resources possible by utilizing certain time-saving strategies. Inefficient employees and
managers take the long road. For example, suppose a manager is attempting to communicate
more efficiently. He can accomplish his goal by using email rather than sending letters to
each employee. Efficiency and effectiveness are mutually exclusive. A manager or employee
who's efficient isnt always effective and vice versa. Efficiency increases productivity and
saves both time and money. (Chris Miksen)
For a practical example, consider the differences between activity effectiveness and activity
efficiency among sales reps. every sales team has daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly goals
that, when achieved, are representative of the effectiveness of their roles. If the reps are
tasked with making 70 calls each day, and they easily hit their numbers, they are effective at
their jobs. Some might even go above and beyond and make 80 or 90 calls each day. But
what if those dials are producing few connects and even fewer deals?
Thats where activity efficiency ratios come in. For a sales manager, having reports that track
how many calls lead to connects, how many connects lead to demos and how many demos
lead to deals can be an incredibly powerful indicator of which of the reps are not only
effective at their jobs but efficient in performing them. (Gareth Goh)

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6. How performance objectives could possibly be influenced by the

product or service design and the process design
Performance objectives are very important and play a pivotal role in determining the success
of the organization.
First a company will define and identify its cooperate strategy and then the operational
performance objectives which are used to achieve the strategy is identified. Next the
company will define measures that could be used to determine if the performance objectives
are met. The company then constitute its operating environment to achieve one or more of
five the operational performance objectives.
Out of the five performance objectives the two selected objectives are; speed and flexibility.

Speed - Speed objectives refer to the rate at which a company can generate sales
quotes and how rapidly and often a company can deliver its products. In addition,
speed refers to such issues as the time required to manufacture one or more products
and the time the company needs to research and develop a new product. (Andy Neely)

Flexibility - Operations are flexible, (Andy Neely), if the company can configure the
product lines to deal with various product requirements and if operations can adjust to
new requirements quickly. Flexibility requires that a company can produce products
of different levels of quality and with various design modifications. According to
Neely, flexibility also requires a company to adapt operations to meet new or
changing delivery schedules and production volumes. . (Andy Neely)

The following table shows the impact of product/service and process design on the two
performance objectives.
Performance objective Influence of product/service design
Influence of process design
Speed
Can specify products which can be Can move materials, customers or
made quickly or services which avoid information through each stage of the
Flexibility

unnecessary delays
process without delays
Can allow for variations which allow a Can provide resource which can be
range of products or services to be changed quickly so as to create a
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offered to customers

range of products or services

7. The importance of Project Management

Everyone has a plan until they get punched in the face (Mike Tyson). Well, as the name
suggests project management is all about managing your projects and managing them
effectively. It might sound as a walk in a park or pretty straight forward but project
management is one of the most difficult areas. It is indeed an art, an art of managing the
projects and its deliverables with a view to produce goods or services. According to some
stakeholders project management is just paper work and a very easy thing, but it is far beyond
than that.
Project management is about creating structure and managing the project commitments and
the delivery of agreed upon results. Project management includes: identifying requirements,
establishing clear and achievable objectives, balancing the competing demands from the
different stakeholders and ensuring that a commonality of purpose is achieved.
Few importance of Project Management is:

It identifies, manages and controls quality

It identifies, manages and controls risks
It manages change
It identifies and manages integration
Implementing project management across the organization helps create a strategic

value chain that gives companies an edge on their competitors,

Project management helps keep projects on budget. A good project management plan

identifies anticipated costs early on to develop a realistic budget.

Good project management disciplines will stop companies from spending money on
projects that may fail.

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8. Task 2
a) Meaning of Feasibility
Feasibility in simpler form means the capability of doing something pr carrying out
something.
Going beyond that The Feasibility Study outlines the work to be accomplished, sizes the
project, identifies any key issues that need to be addressed before a project is undertaken and
determines whether the target species can be successfully managed at the project site. It gives
an indication of whether the project will be successful, or not. (Pacific Invasives). Usually a
feasibility study is done after the best project has been selected under the project selection
stage. When the feasibility study is done usually the feasibility study team, the project
Manager, technical advisors and the Stakeholders will be involved.

b) Aspects of feasibility that are typically considered in project selection

Considering and indentifying the feasibility is one of the most important areas. If this is not
done successfully then there is a lesser chance of the project being successful.
Usually the feasibility study asks three questions. They are; why do the project, can the
project be done and then what will be the project take.
Engaging and completing feasibility will bring in many advantages. Few are given below.

Informed decision making

It narrows the business alternative
Better use of money
Identifies the reason to do the project
More than handy chance of the project becoming a success
The study report could be used to get funds

Few aspects of Feasibilities that should be considered in Project selection are discussed
below.

Technical Feasibility - this is focused on the present technical resource available in

the organization. It studies if the technical resources including the technical team are
capable of converting the ideas into working system. It also evaluates the hardware
and the software requirement of the proposed system.

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Economical Feasibility This enable organizations to assess the viability, cost and
benefits of projects before financial resources are allocated. They also provide
independent project assessment and enhance project credibility. It also helps to
determine the positive economic benefits to the organization that the proposed system
will provide. It includes quantification and identification of all the benefits expected.
This assessment typically involves a cost/ benefits analysis of the project.

Legally Feasibility - This determines whether the proposed system conflicts with legal
requirements like any data protection act or any social media law.

Operational Feasibility - under this a study is conducted to analyze and determine

whether the business need can be fulfilled by using a proposed solution. It also
measures how well a proposed system solves the problems, and takes advantage of the
opportunities identified during scope definition and how it satisfies the requirements
identified in the requirements analysis phase of system development. To ensure
success, desired operational outcomes must be imparted during design and
development. These include such design-dependent parameters such as reliability,
maintainability, supportability, usability, disposability, sustainability, affordability and
others.

Scheduling Feasibility - This is the most important in terms of project success. A

project will fail if not completed on time. In scheduling feasibility estimation should
be on how much time the system will take to complete the project. (A. Mukund)

Apart from the above, some other aspects such as; internal project constraints, internal
corporate constraints and external constraints should be considered and analyzed

9.
a) The phases of Project Management
Usually there are 5 phases of Project management and they are discussed below.
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Project Initiation A project is formally started, named and defined at a broad level
during this phase. Project sponsors and other important stakeholders perform their due
diligence on whether or not to undertake a project, or choose to undertake one project
over another. Depending on the nature of the project, feasibility studies are conducted
or as it may require, in an IT project requirement gathering and analysis are
performed in this phase.

Project Planning It is during this phase that a project management plan is

developed all comprehensive of individual plans for cost, scope, time, quality,
communication, risk and resources. Some of the important activities that mark this
phase are -making WBS, development of schedule, milestone charts, GANTT charts,
estimating and reserving resources, planning dates and modes of communication with
stakeholders based on milestones, deadlines and important deliveries. Projects have
identified and unidentified risks that may affect aspects of projects in later stages,
hence a plan for managing these risks should they happen is determined. Risk
management planning includes risk identification and analysis, risk mitigation
approaches and risk response planning.

Project Execution In the execution phase the project deliverable is developed and
completed, adhering to the plan as developed in the previous phase. The project
execution and project monitoring and Control are the 2 phases that mostly occur
simultaneously. A lot of project management tasks during this phase capture project
metrics through tasks like status meetings and project development updates, status
reports, human resource development and performance reports.

Project Monitoring and Control this phase mostly deals with measuring the
project performance and progression with respect to the project management plan.
Scope verification and control to check and monitor for scope creep, change control to
track and manage changes to project requirement, calculating key performance
indicators for cost and time are to measure the degree of variation if any and in which
case corrective measures are determined and suggested to keep project on track.

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Project Closure A project is formally closed in this phase. It includes a series of

important tasks such as making the delivery, relieving resources, reward and
recognition to the team members and formal termination of contractors in case they
were employed on the project.
(Roli Pathak)

The following diagram also clearly shows the phases of Project Management

Diagram 1 - the phases

of

Project Management

b) The Network diagram

The following shows the Gantt chart

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The following shows the network diagram and the total time taken to finish the project

10. Task 3
a) Linear Programming Model
Decision Variables
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X = Number of tons produced from exterior paints
Y = Number of tons produced from interior paints
Optimization Function
Max () = 5X+ 4Y
Constraints
6X + 4Y 24

1X + 2Y 6

2
X,Y

YX

Workings
6X + 4Y = 24
X=0
Y = 24/4
=6

YX=1
Y=0
X = 24/6
=4

X=0
Y=1

X=2
Y=3

1X + 2Y = 6
X=0
Y = 6/2
=3

Y=0
X = 6/1
=6

b) The optimal solution using the graphical solution

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7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0

6X + 4Y = 24
YX=1

Y=2

X + 2Y = 6

The points marked as A, B, C, D, E and F is the solution space.

So the coordinates are,
A = 0, 0
B= 0, 1
C = 1, 2
D = 2, 2
E = 3, 1.5
F = 4, 0

6X + 4Y = 24

so, 4Y = 24 6X
Y = 6 6X

1X + 2Y = 6

X + 2 (6- 6X) = 6
X + 12 12X = 6
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-11X = 6-12
-11X = -6
X = 0.545
So since Y = 6 6x
Then Y = 6 6(0.545)
Y = 6 3.27
Y = 2.73
So since the optimization function is 5X+ 4Y
A = 0, 0

0+0=0

B= 0, 1

0+4=4

C = 1, 2

5 + 8 = 13

D = 2, 2

10 + 8 = 18

E = 3, 1.5

15 + 6 = 21

F = 4, 0

20 + 0 = 20

So E, which is 3 tons from exterior paints and 1.5 tons from interior paints, is the optimal
solution

11. Job machine assignment problem

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Operations Management
Row operation

A
B
C
D
E
F

1
21
30
28
30
21
25

2
35
31
29
30
31
29

3
20
22
25
26
25
22

4
20
25
27
26
20
25

5
32
28
27
31
27
30

6
28
30
21
28
30
21

A
B
C
D
E
F

1
1
8
7
4
1
4

2
15
9
8
4
11
8

3
0
0
4
0
5
1

4
0
3
6
0
0
4

5
12
6
6
5
7
9

6
8
8
0
2
10
0

Column
operation

A
B
C
D
E
F

1
1
8
7
4
1
4

2
15
9
8
4
11
8

3
0
0
4
0
5
1

4
0
3
6
0
0
4

5
12
6
6
5
7
9

6
8
8
0
2
10
0

A
B
C
D
E
F

1
0
7
6
3
0
3

2
11
5
4
0
7
4

3
0
0
4
0
5
1

4
0
3
6
0
0
4

5
7
1
1
0
2
4

6
8
8
0
2
10
0

1
0

2
11

3
0

4
0

5
7

6
8
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Operations Management
B
C
D
E
F

7
6
3
0
3

5
4
0
7
4

0
4
0
5
1

3
6
0
0
4

1
1
0
2
4

8
0
2
10
0

A
B
C
D
E
F

1
0
7
6
4
0
3

2
10
4
3
0
6
3

3
0
0
4
1
5
1

4
0
3
6
1
0
4

5
6
0
0
0
1
3

6
8
8
0
3
10
0

1
0
7
6
4
0
3

2
10
4
3
0
6
3

3
0
0
4
1
5
1

4
0
3
6
1
0
4

5
6
0
0
0
1
3

6
8
8
0
3
10
0

A
B
C
D
E
F

A
B
C
D
E
F
Total Cost

12.

4
3
5
2
1
6

20
22
27
30
21
21
141

Initial solution in the transportation problem by using Least Cost

method
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Operations Management

Total cost = 240 * 19 + 160*9 + 140*13 + 110*15 + 90*10 + 60*22 = 11,690

13. Conclusions

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Operation Management is also the coordination of those activities in a business that are
involved in combining inputs for the purpose of producing an output that is valued by
consumers.
This report has successfully showed the role and responsibilities of an operations manager
within an organization and how operations can contribute to the overall strategy of an
organisation and ultimately to the success of the business. There is a difference in operations
management in manufacturing and service sector and nowadays companies tend to improve
their quality mainly because of globalization and high competition.
The report also successfully outlines the differences between effectiveness and efficiency
using examples.
This has successfully showed how speed and flexibility out of the five performance
objectives Quality, Speed, Dependability, and Flexibility & Cost have been influenced by the
Product or Service design and the Process design.
The report has also successfully showed the importance of feasibility and aspects of
feasibility that are typically considered in project selection.
The report has successfully shown the importance of Project Management andthe phases of
Project Management

14. References

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Operations Management

A. Mukund. (n.d.). Retrieved 08 22, 2015, from http://www.simplilearn.com/feasibilitystudy-article

Andy Neely. In A. Neely, Business Performance Measurement.
Chris Miksen. (n.d.). Retrieved 08 20, 2015, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/differencebetween-efficiency-effectiveness-business-26009.html
D. L. Waller, 1999, p.6. (n.d.). Retrieved 08 20, 2015, from https://www.google.lk/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CDUQFjAEahUKEwi
5_Kb5i87HAhXHRI4KHYEcDQg&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccsenet.org%2Fjournal
%2Findex.php%2Fijbm%2Farticle%2FviewFile
%2F311%2F273&ei=u4rhVfmyN8eJuQSBubRA&usg=AFQjCNEH6
Gareth Goh. (n.d.). Retrieved 08 20, 2015, from
http://www.insightsquared.com/2013/08/effectiveness-vs-efficiency-whats-the-difference/
Karen Farnen. (n.d.). Retrieved 08 20, 2015, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/roleoperations-manager-14234.html
Matthew Schieltz. (n.d.). Retrieved 08 20, 2015, from
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/service-operations-vs-manufacturing-operations-25843.html
Pacific Invasives. (n.d.). Retrieved 08 21, 2015, from www.pacificinvasivesinitiative.org:
http://ipm.pacificinvasivesinitiative.org/The+Project+Process+Stages/2.+
+Feasibility+Study++Overview.html
Professional Evaluation and Certification Board (PECB) . (n.d.). Retrieved 08 20, 2015, from
https://pecb.wordpress.com/2014/09/11/why-did-quality-become-a-global-priority/
Roli Pathak. (n.d.). Retrieved 08 23, 2015, from http://project-management.com/top-5project-management-phases/

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