Professional Documents
Culture Documents
College of Engineering
Davao City
ELEC 3
(Bridge Engineering)
FINAL PLATE
Submitted by:
Cris Artleigh Orejuela
Jose Maria Corales
Marvin San Pedro
Joseph Williams Hincuy
Rodolfo Paul Buenaflor
Josaiah Doneza
Table of Contents
Executive Summary.................................................................................................................. 1
Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 1
Project and Bridge Location................................................................................................... 2
Scope of Report...................................................................................................................... 4
Bridge Design.......................................................................................................................... 4
Sustainability............................................................................................................................ 7
Economics ............................................................................................................................... 7
Cost of Materials......................................................................................................................7
Design Calculations ................................................................................................................ 10
List of Figures
Figure 1a-1d: Key map of bridge locations...............................................................................2
Figure 2: Bubble plan for planned community ....................................................................... 3
Figure 3: Profile view of RCB...................................................................................... 5
Figure 4: Cross section view of RCB........................................................................................5
Figure 5: Plan and profile view of abutment.....................................................................5
Figure 6: Plan Top view of RCB...........................................................................6
Figure 7: Beam Detail of RCB......................................................................................6
Figure 8: Slab Detail of RCB ...............................................................................................6
Executive Summary
Roxas Avenue in Davao City is well known by locals and non-locals as the night market of
Davao City. Many people go there every night to eat and to shop as well .A pedestrian bridge
was proposed for Roxas Avenue of Davao City, Philippines to serve as a passage way for
customers as well as pedestrians that wants to cross the (canal) in the middle of the street.
The bridge that was proposed is 2 meters in width, with an overall depth of 6 inches. The
bridge will provide a safe and more accessible route for pedestrians to travel over the open
canal. The proposed bridge will influence the pedestrians to cross the bridge rather than go to
a hassle and go around the open canal, and it will help lessen the crowd of customers from
the street market. The design for the bridge is a reinforced concrete bridge (RCB). The design
is made by considering its simplicity, cost and especially the safety of the pedestrians that
will use the bridge. The bridge is placed in line with the existing road. A steel railing system
was designed to ensure the safety of the pedestrians that will be using the bridge.
Construction of the bridge will be performed on site, with cast-in-place concrete.
Introduction
Roxas Avenue in Davao City is well known by locals and non-locals as the night
market of Davao City. A pedestrian bridge was proposed for Roxas Avenue of
Davao City, Philippines to serve as a passage way for pedestrians who wants to
cross the canal in the middle of the street. The bridge that was proposed is 2
meters in width, with an overall depth of 5 feet. The bridge will provide a safe
and more accessible route for pedestrians and bicyclists to travel over the open
canal.
Roxas Avenue is composed of two busy roads. The traffic for these roads are
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opposite in direction, thus the main purpose of the bridge is to connect these
roads and to provide a safe passage for pedestrians and night shoppers over the
open canal.
Project and Bridge Location
The bridge that will be constructed is located in the heart of the busy street of
Roxas. At night this street turns into a location of all the things you can have.
From all the kinds of street food up to the latest thing in the fasion industry
(Figure 1a&1b). Roxas Avenue is a long strip of road that is divided by an open
canal in the middle. Due to different intersections the canal is divided into four(4)
sub-canals (Figures 1c-1d). We will be proposing a pedestrian bridge for the most
crowded part of the street which is Figure 3.
Figure 1a
Figure 1b
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Figure 1c
Figure 1d
Figure 2
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Scope of Report
The scope of this report was to inform the reader of three primary goals. First is
to suggest locations in need of a pedestrian bridge and uses. Second is to
provide the required computations needed to construct the bridge. Lastly,
provide a cost analysis of the proposed bridge.
The location of the proposed pedestrian bridge was determined based on the
proximity of the volume of people going there for 24 hours. Considering that the
volume only increases at night we scientifically placed the bridge on the subcanal with the highest volume at night.
Adequate serviceability was determined using multiple code references and a
suitable design was performed using STAAD and AutoCAD. The calculations are
provided to show the reader that the designs used conforms the national code
standards for pedestrian bridges. The cost for the bridge is...
Bridge Design
The design of the bridge was referred to the specifications given by NSCP. The
dead and live loads are also taken from the standards given by NSCP.
Dead Load
Live Load
The dead loads used for the bridge is 23.6 KN/m^3 for the reinforced concrete
and 77.3 KN/m^3 for the railings in the bridge. The live load used from NSCP for
Pedestrian Bridges and Walkways is 4.8 kPa.
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Figure 3
Profile View of RCB
Figure 4
Typical Cross Section
Figure 5
Plan and Profile View of Abutment
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Figure 6
Top View
Figure 7
Beam Detail
Figure 8
Slab Detail
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Sustainability
The bridge is designed by providing a ground covering for the abutments that
will provide stability to the soil by avoiding erosion due to flood. The chosen
design is RCB because it has been found that concrete has a lifespan that can go
over 100 years and concrete maintenance is less than that of steel.
Economics
The cost for the designed bridge was analysed by determining what kind of
bridge will be cost efficient for the institution that will make the bridge. The
prices of steel was considered to be Php238.00 at 6 meters length and the
cement to be Php250.00 per bag.
Estimates
Concrete:
Slab:
H
0.
1
0.
2
0.
1
1.2
c
u.
Ceme
nt:
Gravel
:
= 8.4
= 1.2
Sand:
= 0.6
Ceme
nt:
Gravel
:
1.6
8
0.2
=
4
0.1
=
2
bag
s
cu.
m
cu.
m
Beam:
V
0.24
c
u.
Sand:
bag
s
cu.
m
cu.
m
Abutment:
H
0.
4
2.
5
m
m
c
u.
Ceme
nt:
Gravel
:
21
Page | 7
bag
s
cu.
m
Sand:
= 1.5
Steel:
Slab:
L
W
10
S1
S2
pc
s
0.4
0.4
1
2
m
m
di
a
15
6m
bars
Abutment:
L
S1
0.4
S2
0.4
Beam:
L
=
m
pc
s
N
1
N
2
7.5
7.5
pc
s
1
2
m
m
di
a
6m
bars
pc
s
1
6
m
m
di
a
6m
bars
di
a
6m
Stirrups:
P
0.
6
0.
4
H
N1
N2
=
=
=
6
1.
2
10
10
L
No
.
pc
s
m
3
1
0
m
m
3
6
pc
s
bar
s
SteelRailing:
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cu.
m
Description
Qty.
Unit
Price
Total
Concrete Works:
Cement
32
bag
250
Sand
2.5
m3
550
Gravel
4.5
m3
700
Total
8,00
0.00
1,37
5.00
3,15
0.00
12,52
5.00
Steel Works:
10mm dia. Bar
18
length
s
length
s
length
s
Total
4
48.50
4,28
4.00
2,08
0.00
6,81
2.50
2100
75,60
0.00
149.5
238
260
Railings:
36
length
s
94,93
7.50
Labor
Concrete Works:
No.
days
Price/d
ay
No. of People
Cost
Carpenter
Laborer
7
7
350
300
1
1
2450
2100
Total Cost
4550
Railings:
50mm dia. Tube bar
15
400
12000
Steel Works:
Carpenter
Laborer
4
4
350
300
1
1
1400
1200
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19150
Computations
DEAD AND LIVE LOADS
ACCORDING TO NSCP 6TH EDITION 2010:
UNIT WEIGHT:
CONCRETE = 23.56 KN/M3
STEEL = 77.3 KN/M3 (BARS)
DEAD LOAD: CONCRETE = 23.56 * 0.1 * 1 = 2.356
STEEL = 77.3 * [(PI/4)*(0.05^2)] = 0.1517 * 2 = 0.3034
TOTAL DEADLOAD = 2.356 + 0.3034 = 2.6594
LIVE LOADS:
PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES AND WALKWAY = 4.8KN
FACTORED LOAD (1.2DL+1.6LL)
1.2*2.6594 + 1.6*4.8 = 10.88
TABULATION
Moment(LEF
T)
BEAM NO.
Moment(MI
D)
Moment(RIG
HT)
SHEAR
26.75
11.646
-1.12
38
26.75
11.646
-1.12
26.75
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20
1.463
-6.958
-11.465
17.296
23
-10.156
-12.113
-10.156
-12.113
26
-11.465
-6.958
1.463
-17.296
29
-1.12
11.646
26.75
26.75
32
1.463
-6.958
-11.465
17.296
34
-10.156
-12.113
-10.156
-12.113
36
-11.465
-6.958
1.463
-17.296
38
-1.12
11.646
26.75
26.75
SERVICEABILITY
WD =
WL =
L=
M=
10
6
248.18
E=
I=
Fy =
200000
0.0000
120
Cc =
0.59
Nb
=
Db
=
Ds =
Fs =
B=
H=
D=
Wu
=
12
0.22
0.1
72
0.3
0.55
Dc
=
A=
0.8
0.0
4
2 - 16mm
22
2 - 16mm
=
=
(5WuL384EI) - (ML/24EI)
-0.0020
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all =
L/360
all =
0.01667
Since:
-0.0020
<
Therefor :
0.01667
Beam Deflection is
safe!!!
W=
0.0113FsdcA
W=
0.00737664
Since:
S=
S=
Since:
0.00737664
Therefor :
<
0.03048
Is good!!!
(380(280/Fy))-2.5Cc
739.1666667
739.1666667
Therefor :
<
1166.667
Spacing is
acceptable!!!
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