Philadelphia University

Student Name:

Faculty of Engineering

Student Number:

Dept. of Electrical Engineering

First Exam, Second Semester: 2010/2011
Course Title: Reliability of Power System
Course No: (610586)
Lecturer: Dr. Mohammed Tawfeeq

Date: 12/4/2011
Time Allowed: 1 Hour
No. of Pages: 3

Question 1:
(5 Marks)
Objectives: Understanding the basic probability and reliability theories.
Mark the correct Answers:
1. The probability that on a single draw from a well-shuffled deck of 52
playing cards we draw a face card is: [1M]
(a)

1/3

(b) 1/2

(c) 4/26

(d) 12/52

2. The probability of getting an odd number from throwing of a fair die (with 6
faces) is: [1M]
(a) 1/9

(b) 1/36

(c) 1/ 2

(d) 8/9

3. A string insulator of a transmission line consists of 5 similar insulating units,

if the defective (failure) rate of each unit q = 0.2. The probability of finding
three defective insulators in a string of five is: [1M]
(a) 0.029

(b) 0.569

(c) 0.0011

(d) 0.0512

4. A generating system, shown in figure below, consist of turbine, generator and

transformer is considered as a series system. The failure rate of each unit is
constant as follows: Turbine =4x10-6/hour, Generator =3.2x10-6/hour and Transformer
= 9.8x10-6/hour. The reliability of the system for 1000 hours mission is: [1M]
Turbine

(a)

0.800

(b) 0.785

(c) 0.834

(d) 0.983

- 0.002t

5. Given the reliability function R1 (t) = e

for t 0 and t is measured in
hours. Then the mean time to failure (MTTF) in hours is: [1M]
(a) 500

(b) 600

(c) 750
1

(d) 1000

Question 2:
(5 Marks)
Objectives Understanding distribution system reliability calculation using the
probabilistic approach.
(a) For the simple distribution system shown in Fig.1, use the probabilistic approach
to prove that the feeder reliability is given by:
RFeeder = 2 ( Ra2 Rb )2 - ( Ra2 Rb )3
by assuming that the reliabilities of the individual components are:
Ra1 = Ra2 = Ra3 = Rc1 =Rc2 = Rc3= Ra and R b1 = Rb2 = Rb3 = R b.

[ 3M ]

(b) Calculate the reliability and yearly expected outage time in hours of the feeder if
Ra = R b = 0.9900.
[ 2M ]

B/B1

B/B2

A1

A2

B1

B2

C1

C2

A3
B3
C3

Feeder F

Fig.1

Question 3:
(5 Marks)
Objectives Understanding power system reliability calculation using series
parallel network theory.
A simple power system supplies power to a small town from generator G, through
two substations A and B as shown in Fig.2. The transmission lines are assumed to be
fully redundant. The reliability data for the system electrical components are given in
Table .1.
CB3
CB1
G

TR1

CB4

CB2

CB7 TR2 CB8

Transmission Line 1

Load

Transmission Line 2
CB5

CB6

SUBSTATION A

SUBSTATION B
Fig.2

Table.1
----------------------------------------------------Component
Reliability
----------------------------------------------------Generator G:
0.9500
Circuit Breakers CBs:
0.9900
Transformer TRs:
0.9900
Transmission Line:
0.9000
-----------------------------------------------------(a) Calculate the load point reliability when the two transmission lines are inservice. [3M]
(b) Calculate the load point reliability when one transmission line is removed from
service for maintenance. [2M]