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Chapter 10
Sect ion 10.1 PP T Notes
These are your notes for section 10.1. Fill in the answers carefully ,
study the answers, and be ready for a quiz next time.
4)Describe solids:
a) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
b) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
c) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
d) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
5)Describe liquids:
a) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
b) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
c10 and 11 notes Page 1 5/4/10
c) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
d) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
6)Describe gases:
a) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
b) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
c) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
d) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
7)Describe plasma:
a) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
b) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
c) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
8)The kinetic molecular theory describes gases in terms of _________
b) __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
c)_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
d) __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
e) __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Page 332
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
1)Name and define four physical quantities that are used to describe
gases.
a) __________________________________________________
b) __________________________________________________
c) __________________________________________________
d) __________________________________________________
Slide 14
Slide 15
Temperature is
Heat is
Slide 16
Slide 17
a) _________________________________________________
________________________________________________
b) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
c) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________
Measurement O
F O
C K
Room Temp 72
Freezing water 32
Slide 19
Celsius to Kelvin
3)1200. oC = ____________K
Kelvin to Celsius
2)Pressure______________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
5)A gas exerts pressure when its molecules collide with the walls of its
container. The more _________________________, means more
_________________________, and, therefore, more pressure.
Slide 21
__________________________________________________
Slide 23
Fill in the data table below. Be sure to put these conversions on your
note card.
Pascal
Millimeters
of Mercury
Torr
Atmosphere
Pounds per
square inch
Slide 25
1)698.00 mm Hg = _____________________atm
Use dimensional analysis and the units in table 10-1 to make the following
pressure conversions.
Slide 26
Slide 27
Practice this one: Hydrogen gas is collected over water at 30.0 oC and
672.0 mm Hg. What is the pressure of the dry hydrogen gas? Show your
work.
Slide 29
There are 4 gas laws to learn at this point:
1) ____________________
2) ____________________
3) ____________________
4) ____________________
Slide 30
Boyles Law states ________________________________________
Volume = k(1/P) (volume equals a constant (k) times the inverse of the
Slide 31
Sample Problem—As you work sample problems be sure to show the
following things (this is what you’ll be graded on): given, equation, setup,
answer, significant figures and units.
Slide 32
Try This One!
A balloon filled with helium gas has a volume of 500. mL at a pressure of
1.00 atm. The balloon is released and reaches an altitude of 6.5 km,
where the pressure is 0.50 atm. If the temperature has remained
the same, what volume does the gas occupy at this height?
Slide 34
Slide 37
Example
The gas in a container is at a pressure of 3.00 atm at 25oC. Directions on
the container warn the user not to keep it in a place where the
temperature exceeds 52oC. What would the gas pressure in the container
be at 52oC?
Given: Equation: Setup and Answer:
Slide 38
Do this one !
A sample of helium gas has a pressure of 1.20 atm at 22oC. At what
Celsius temperature will the helium reach a pressure of 2.00 atm?
Given: Equation: Setup and Answer:
Slide 39
Slide 40
Give the general equation for the combined gas law. Give several of its
variations too.
Slide 41
Example
A helium filled balloon has a volume of 50.0L at 25oC and 1.08 atm.
What volume will it have at 0.355 atm and 10.0oC?
Given: Equation: Setup and Answer:
Slide 43
Make a “cartoon” to show Dalton’s idea and Gay Lussac’s idea. Label
each drawing.
Slide 46
H2 + O2 make H2O
Avogadro came up with the idea that some elements existed as diatomic
molecules, not single individual atoms. Avogadro’s Law says
_______________ is directly proportional to number of particles, if
pressure and temperature remain constant. V = kn (k = constant and n
= moles).
Slide 47
Warning!! 22.4L can only be used at STP. For any other temperature or
pressure use must use the ______________________________.
Example:
What volume does 0.0685 mol of gas occupy at STP?
Slide 48
Another Example:
What quantity of gas, in moles, is contained in 2.21 L at STP?
Given:
Solution:
Slide 49
Stoichiometry applies to chemical reactions involving gases, also.
Slide 50
Another important gas law is the Ideal Gas Law. _______________ is a
quantitative statement the describes relationships between,
_______________,_______________,_______________, and
_______________ in a gas. The equation for this law is
_______________