Web services:

A web service is an application component that can be accessed through open

protocols ,process incoming messages through technologies like soap.and uses XML
to format the messages,provides an endpoint description through Web Service
Defintion language and can be discovered using UDDI(uniform discovery). They
were made to solve three main problems-Interoperability,Firewall traversal and
complexity.The motivation behind this comes from the ability to program the web.
XML:
Xml stands for extensible markup language used to describe data where tags can
be user defined and enables cross platform data communication in Web Services.
Soap:
Standard protocol used by web service which stands for simple object access
protocol that provides functionality to users and based on XML vocabulary to help
several computers communicate across a network .HTTP protocol is used as
transport where HTTP contains SOAP message as payload.
JSON:
http://webdb2013.lille.inria.fr/Paper%2010.pdf
http://www.cs.montana.edu/izurieta/pubs/caine2009.pdf
JSON is a self documenting data interchange format which is human and machine
readable format and has support for Unicode.It can directly be used inside javascript
which improves performance over XML where extra libraries needed to retrieve data
from Document Object Model.It has the ability to express the most general
computer science data structures:records,list and trees.Parsing rules for JSON are
strict and efficient enabling it to be 100 times faster than that of XML.The
Drawbacks of JSON being lack of namespace support,lack of and extensibility.
It has four primitive types namely:Unicode strings,Numbers,Boolean,null and two
structured types:Objects And Arrays.JSON supports nesting of objects and arrays.

Literature Review
Time Management is very critical function in todays web services.The issues
associated with it are calculating execution time of a process,scheduling workflow
and not violating any constraints.
The challenge is to identify critical path with the below six time constraints.
Time constraints In a Workflow Model
Time Duration: The time lapse between inactive and complete state by the
activity.Usually the workflow designer initializes the time duration for every activity.
Forced Start time: It is a certain time after which an activity can be made
executable.
Deadline: Requires an activity be finished by stipulated time
Fixed Date Constraint: This refers to the selected dates on which activity will be
allowed to be completed.
Time Difference:The difference in time caused when different time zones are taken
into account,depending on which the user has to wait for the working time of the
next in line user.
Time Distance:Time interval between two activities.