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ASME Impact Test

Requirement

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The ASME Impact Test Requirement

article provides you with information
about impact test requirements in
pressure
vessel
design
and
construction.
Let's say, you have a pressure vessel
under
design,
process
and
construction has not started yet.
Based on the ASME impact test
requirement, you need to make
assessment to see that either your
pressure vessel is exempted from
impact testing, or you need to carry
out the test.
There are 4 steps for impact test
exemption assessment. You need to
know these steps. You might be
exempted in the first, second or third
steps and might not be exempted
even in step 4.
So if you are in step 4 and you have
not exempted, then you need to carry
out the test. I will explain the process
for exemption in this article.

Fix
EquipmentBasic Concept:

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Pressure
Vessel
Heat
Exchanger
Steam
Boiler
Storage
Tank
Pipeline
Piping
System
Industrial
Valve
Process
Heater

You may know carbon steels and low

alloy steels exhibit a drastic change in
their room temperature ductility at
sub-zero service temperatures.
Different types of materials exhibit
different types of transition behavior.
We can see there is a sudden,
phenomenal drop in their notchtoughness properties below the
"transition" range of temperature,
which should be a matter of concern
for us.

Body centered cubic or Ferritic alloys

exhibit a significant transition in
behavior when impact tested over a
Rotary
Equipmentrange of temperatures. Above
transition temperature range, impact
specimens fracture in a "ductile"
Centrifugal
manner, absorbing relatively large
Pump
Centrifugal
amounts of energy.
Compressor
Reciprocating
Compressor
Gas
Turbine
Steam
Turbine
Fan and
Blower

At

lower

temperatures, i.e. below the transition

E&I
Equipmenttemperature range, the impact test
Electric
Generator
Electric
Motor
Power
Transformer
Control
Panel
Gas Circuit
Breaker
Switchgear
Power
Cable

specimens are found to fracture in a

brittle (cleavage) manner, absorbing
less energy.
And within the transition temperature
range, the fracture is a mixture of
ductile and brittle nature.
A material would be invulnerable to a
sudden drop in notch-toughness at the
lowest specified service (or design)
temperature, if it is proved by
conducting Charpy V-notch Impact
tests on representative test samples,
at reference (the lowest service)

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temperature.
Grain refined carbon steel forgings and
wrought materials (thoroughly worked
and normalized) generally exhibit
good notch toughness.

400
700+

ASME Code Section VIII Div 1

exemption rules for ASME Impact Test
Requirement:

There are specific rules in ASME Code

for exemption from ASME Impact Test
Requirement.
This test
is very
expensive,
so
pressure
vessel
manufacturers are trying to be
exempted for this costly test.
You need to follow the following
clauses
to
make
exemption
assessment for ASME impact test
requirement:
UG-20(f) UCS-66(a)
UCS-66(b) UCS-68(c)
First you have to keep your pressure
vessel design data available and then
refer to UG-20 (f). If you are
exempted from this clause, you do not
need proceed further.
But if you are not exempted by UG-20
(f), you have to proceed to UCS-66(a),
but again if you are exempted, there is
no need for more assessment.

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But if not, you have to proceed to

UCS-66(b). If you are exempted now,
there is no need for more assessment;
otherwise, you have to proceed to
UCS-68(c), and again if you are still
not exempted, you have to carry out
impact testing.
For some cases, You might be
exempted from the ASME impact test
requirement in the first stage in UG-20
(f). In others, You might be exempted
in UCS-66(a) or UCS-66(b) or UCS68(c). If you are not exempted, you
must prepare yourself for doing this
costly test.
This test would be more costly out of
the
US
because
of
Laboratory
Accreditation
requirements.
Also,
there are fewer accredited labs in
Europe and the Middle East, and their
price is high as well.
UG-20(f)
We will start with UG-20(f) for the
ASME impact test requirement. If your
MOC (Material of Construction) is
categorized in P-No. 1 or 2 (Refer to
ASME Code Section IX for P-No
Definition) and your MOC thickness
has the limited value defined in this
clause, then you might be exempted
from impact testing.
But you need to refer to Fig UCS-66 in
ASME Code Section VIII Div 1 and see
in which A, B, C or D curves your MOC
is listed. All ASME carbon steel and
low alloy steel material is distributed
in these 4 groups (Curves) of
materials.
You need to know that the materials
listed in curve D have the best
toughness property, better than the
materials listed in curve C. Similarly
materials listed in curve C have better
toughness properties compared to

materials listed in curve B and

materials listed in Curve B have better
toughness than materials listed in
Curve A .
See Following Fig UCS-66(a):

When you determine your MOC curve,

then you have to review UG-20(f) and
look for the possibility of exemption
from
the
ASME
impact
test
requirement. There are some other
conditions in this clause, which you
should consider for exemption.
For instance, the vessel should be
hydrostatically
tested
after
completion, and the thermal and
mechanical loading can not be a
design controlling factor.
For example, if your MOC is a
normalized SA 516 Gr.70 with 0.75
inch thickness you will be exempted
from ASME impact test requirement.
Your thickness, in this example, is 0.75 of an
inch, and is listed in curve D which is up to 1
inch, you are exempted by this clause. Of
course, you will be carry out hydrostatic test and ensure that the
mentioned loadings are not a design
controlling factor in your considered

pressure vessel.
UCS-66(a)
So assume that in the above example,
your MOC thickness is 1.125 inch
instead of 1 inch, you will not be
exempted by UG-20(f) and you have
to refer to UCS-66(a);
But for assessment, based on this
clause, you need to know your
pressure vessel MDMT (Minimum
Design Metal Temperature). Assume
that is -20 degree F, so you should
now go to Fig. UCS-66 and locate
1.125 inch in the horizontal axis and
draw a vertical line.
In a similar way, locate -20 degree F
in the vertical axes and draw a
horizontal line. These two lines will
cross each other.
See above Figure,
identified in red.

the

lines

are

If the cross point falls above the curve

D (because your MOC is listed in curve
D) you are exempted. Otherwise you
are not, but for the current example,
you are above the curve D so you are
exempted from impact testing.
To simplify your assessment for the
ASME impact test requirement, the
Fig-66 has been converted to the
table(table UCS-66). For any MOC with
specific thickness you can go to this
table and see what is the minimum
permissible
temperature
without
impact testing.
See following UCS-66(a) Table:

In the above example (normalized SA

516 Gr.70, Curve D, 1.125 inch
thickness), the minimum permissible
temperature without impact test is -26
degree F. This means that, if in the
above example your MDMT changes
from -20 degree F to -27 degree F,
then you cannot be exempted from
the ASME impact test requirement by
UCS-66(a), and you have to proceed
to UCS-66(b)
UCS-66(b)
Let us explain this clause with the
above example. Your MDMT from
above is -27 degree F, nominal
thickness is 1.125 inch, normalized SA
516 Gr.70 listed in curve D and you
are not exempted by UCS-66(a)
So you are here to continue your
assessment to find a chance for
exemption. You have to refer to Fig
UCS-66.1 and calculate the following
formula:
Ratio= tr E / (tn c)
tr is the required design thickness for
all applicable loading. We assume for
the above example that is 0.95 inch. E
is your joint efficiency, and we assume
for this vessel it is 1. This means your

vessel is RT2, tn is your nominal

thinness, which in the example from
above it is 1.125 inches, and C is
corrosion allowance, and we assume it
is 0.125 inches; so let calculate:
Ratio = 0.95x1/(1.125
Ratio= 0.95

0.125)

See following Fig UCS-66(b):

Then go to the Figure UCS-66(b) and

in the vertical axes locate Ratio and
draw a horizontal line. Then locate the
cross point with the graph and draw a
vertical line to cross the horizontal
axis.
You will be able to reach a value of 8
in the horizontal axes. This 8, is your 8
degree F bonus from table UCS-66,
which you can reduce by 8 degrees F
minimum permissible temperature in
table without impact testing.
In the above example, your MDMT is
-27 degree F, and in the UCS 66 table,
the minimum permissible temperature
without impact testing designated -26
degree F. So with this clause you can
reduce it to -36 degree F(-26 -8 =
-34). Your MDMT is -27 degree F, so

you are exempted from impact testing

with this clause.
UCS-68(c)
Let us change one variable in the
above example. Let's assume you
need to have -45 degree F for your
MDMT. Other variable are the same; it
means normalized SA 516 Gr.70 listed
in curve D, thickness 1.125, so you
can see you are not exempted by UCS66(b);
This
is
because
the
minimum
permissible temperature is -36 degree
F, but your MDMT is -45 degree F, so
UCS-68(c) might be helpful.
It says that if post weld heat
treatment is not a code requirement
and your P-No is 1 and you carry out
post weld heat treatment, a 30 degree
F bonus will be granted to you to
reduce the minimum permissible
temperature in table UCS-66.
So when post weld heat treatment
is code requirement?
It is code requirement when your
service is lethal and when your
thickness for P-No. 1 is greater than
1.5 inch;
So, for our example, our service is not
lethal and our P-No. is 1 and thickness
is 1.125 and it is less than 1.5 inch:
therefore, post weld heat treatment is
not code requirement.
It means if you carry out post heat
treatment, a 30 degree F bonus will be
granted by this clause. For this
example our minimum permissible
temperature would be -36-30=-66
degree F, and your MDMT is -45
degree F, so you are exempted from
impact testing.

Now the worst case: in the above,

assume you need to have -70 degree F
for your MDMT; you can see with this
new
condition
you
cannot
be
exempted even by UCS-68(c) and you
have to carry out impact testing.
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Return from ASME Impact Test

Requirement to Pressure Vessel
Inspections
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Requirement to Inspection for
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New! Comments
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21 Comments

Add a comment...

Murali Babu
Anna University

relay good explanation.thanks.

Like Reply Jun 2, 2012 4:09pm

Sort by Oldest


Inspection Engineer at

Great effort.thanks, but there should be a quite amendment

concrning your reference for ASME code UG-20 (f): the right
code statement is the material shall be limited to P No. 1 Gr.
No. 1 &2..(not P No. 1 & 2...)
Like Reply Aug 12, 2012 3:18pm

Nilesh Bondre
IIT Guw ahati

Very good explanation.

Like Reply Nov 30, 2012 5:45pm

Naranjan Dev Makker

Supervisory engieer at Engineers India Ltd

Simple way to understand.ASME section8.

Like Reply

1 Jan 28, 2013 1:41pm

aullattil
Very good explanation.
Like Reply Jan 30, 2013 4:51am

Guesmi Lotfi
Thanks! it's very useful!
Like Reply

2 Feb 21, 2013 11:26pm

Lamjed Thaljaoui
Works at Iset Gafsa

oui lotfi
Like Reply

1 Mar 18, 2014 12:04am

Lamjed Thaljaoui
Works at Iset Gafsa

rani nekteblek
Like Reply

1 Mar 18, 2014 12:04am

sangh_ritesh
Very helpful....Thanks
Like Reply May 12, 2013 11:58pm

Mohamed Al-Amir Al-Khayat

Integrity Section Head at Qarun Petroleum Company

Great many thanks.

Like Reply Jul 24, 2013 6:04am

Hafizi Zecky
Good explanation to clear any doubt. How about duplex
material? How you define the impact testing requirement for

material? How you define the impact testing requirement for

duplex flange? As per UHA 51(d) impact testing is mandatory
for nominal thickness of duplex that is more than 10mm. How
we define the nominal thickness of flange? Considering the
10mm thickness if we are using overall flange thickness as
nominal thickness then it is possibility that all duplex flange will
have to go for impact testing. Please advise.
Like Reply Aug 21, 2013 11:39am

Faizur Rahman
QA/QC Mechanical Engineer at Samsung C&T Engineering & Construction Group

realy vry nice 1... itsvery easy to understnd, thks alot.....

Like Reply

1 Sep 24, 2013 9:17pm

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