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Micrel
MIC4680
1A 200kHz SuperSwitcher Buck Regulator
Final Information
General Description
Features
Applications
Typical Applications
+6V to +34V
C1
15F
35V
SHUTDOWN
ENABLE
MIC4680-3.3BM
IN
SW
SHDN
FB
3.3V/1A
68H
C2
220F
16V
D1
B260A or
SS26
GND
Power
SOP-8
L1
58
+5V to +34V
C1
15F
35V
SHUTDOWN
ENABLE
Power
SOP-8
MIC4680BM
IN
SW
SHDN
FB
L1
68H
D1
B260A or
SS26
GND
58
2.5V/1A
R1
3.01k
C2
220F
16V
R2
2.94k
June 2000
MIC4680
MIC4680
Micrel
Ordering Information
Part Number
Voltage
Package
MIC4680BM
Adjustable
40C to +125C
8-lead SOP
MIC4680-3.3BM
3.3V
40C to +125C
8-lead SOP
MIC4680-5.0BM
5.0V
40C to +125C
8-lead SOP
Pin Configuration
SHDN 1
8 GND
IN 2
7 GND
SW 3
6 GND
FB 4
5 GND
SOP-8 (M)
Pin Description
Pin Number
Pin Name
SHDN
VIN
SW
FB
58
GND
MIC4680
Pin Function
Shutdown (Input): Logic low enables regulator. Logic high (>1.6V) shuts
down regulator.
Ground
June 2000
MIC4680
Micrel
Electrical Characteristics
VIN = 12V; ILOAD = 500mA; TJ = 25C, bold values indicate 40C TJ +125C, Note 7; unless noted.
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
(1%)
(2%)
1.217
1.205
1.230
1.243
1.255
V
V
1.193
1.180
1.230
1.267
1.280
V
V
93
97
MIC4680 [Adjustable]
Feedback Voltage
VFB = 1.0V
50
500
20
mA
VFB = 1.5V
12
mA
Quiescent Current
MIC4680-3.3
Output Voltage
(1%)
(3%)
3.266
3.201
3.3
3.333
3.399
V
V
3.168
3.135
3.3
3.432
3.465
V
V
93
97
VFB = 2.5V
50
500
20
mA
VFB = 4.0V
12
mA
Quiescent Current
MIC4680-5.0
Output Voltage
(1%)
(3%)
4.950
4.85
5.0
5.05
5.15
V
V
4.800
4.750
5.0
5.200
5.250
V
V
93
97
VFB = 4.0V
50
500
20
mA
VFB = 6.0V
12
mA
Quiescent Current
June 2000
MIC4680
MIC4680
Parameter
Micrel
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
30
50
100
kHz
Oscillator Frequency
180
200
220
kHz
1.4
1.8
V
V
1.8
2.5
MIC4680/-3.3/-5.0
Saturation Voltage
IOUT = 1A
VSHDN = VIN
1.5
30
1.3
regulator off
regulator on
Shutdown Input Current
A
100
1.6
A
V
1.0
0.8
10
0.5
10
10
1.5
10
Thermal Shutdown
160
Note 1.
Note 2.
Note 3.
Absolute maximum rating is intended for voltage transients only, prolonged dc operation is not recommended.
Note 4.
Note 5.
Note 6.
Measured on 1" square of 1 oz. copper FR4 printed circuit board connected to the device ground leads.
Note 7.
Test Circuit
+12V
SHUTDOWN
ENABLE
SHDN
FB
68H
GND
SOP-8
58
0V
TYPICAL
ON
0.8V
2V
1V
1.6V
GUARANTEED
OFF
TYPICAL
OFF
VIN(max)
Shutodwn Hysteresis
MIC4680
June 2000
MIC4680
Micrel
Typical Characteristics
Line Regulation
5.04
100
5.04
5.03
5.02
5.01
5.00
4.99
4.98
4.97
0
10 15 20 25 30
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
5.00
4.98
4.96
35
VIN = 12V
VOUT = 5V
5.02
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
TEMPERATURE (C)
202
201
4
3
2
1
0
1.238
1.236
1.234
1.232
VIN = 12V
VOUT = 5V
IOUT = 1A
1.230
1.228
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TEMPERATURE (C)
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
5V Output
Efficiency
12V Output
Efficiency
80
60
70
90
80
20
10
0
EFFICIENCY (%)
70
30
7V
60
12V
24V
50
40
30
20
10
June 2000
VIN = 12V
VOUT = 5V
ILOAD = 1A
0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
TEMPERATURE (C)
100
40
35
1.4
90
24V 6V
5 10 15 20 25 30
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
1.6
1.240
3.3V Output
Efficiency
12V
Saturation Voltage
vs. Temperature
SATURATION VOLTAGE (V)
FREQUENCY (kHz)
198
80
50
35
199
196
1.242
180
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
TEMPERATURE (C)
10 15 20 25 30
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
200
Feedback Voltage
vs. Temperature
220
197
VIN = 12V
Frequency vs.
Temperature
190
Frequency vs.
Supply Voltage
FREQUENCY (kHz)
3.0
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
CURRENT (A)
VIN = 12V
VSHDN = VIN
200
40
Current Limit
Characteristic
4.0
210
60
20
Shutdown Current
vs. Temperature
3.5
80
CURRENT (A)
IOUT = 1.0A
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
5.06
5.05
4.96
Shutdown Current
vs. Input Voltage
Load Regulation
70
60
15V
24V
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
MIC4680
MIC4680
Micrel
Safe
Operating Area
1.5
Minimum
Current Limit
1.4
1.3
1.2
Note
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
VOUT = 5V
TA = 60C
Demonstration
board layout
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
10
15
20
25
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
30
35
Functional Characteristics
VSW (NORMAL)
12V IN, 5V/1A OUT
Load Transient
VOUT
(100mV/div.)
Normal
Operation
Short
Circuit
Operation
5.1V
5V
1A
IOUT
(500mA/div.)
VSW (SHORTED)
12V IN, 0V OUT
200kHz
VIN = 12V
VOUT = 5V
IOUT = 1.0A to 0.1A
0A
60kHz
TIME (100ms/div.)
TIME
Frequency Foldback
The MIC4680 folds the switching frequency back during a hard
short-circuit condition to reduce the energy per cycle and
protect the device.
MIC4680
June 2000
MIC4680
Micrel
Bode Plots
The following bode plots show that the MIC4680 is stable over all conditions using a 68F inductor (L) and a 220F output
capacitor (COUT). To assure stability, it is a good practice to maintain a phase margin of greater than 35.
No-Load Stability
Phase Margin = 106
Full-Load Stability
Phase Margin = 114
L = 68F
COUT = 220F
L = 68F
COUT = 220F
VIN = 7V
VOUT = 5.0V
IOUT = 0.0A
VIN = 7V
VOUT = 5.0V
IOUT = 1.0A
TIME (100ms/div.)
TIME (100ms/div.)
No-Load Stability
Phase Margin = 117
Full-Load Stability
Phase Margin = 69
L = 68F
COUT = 220F
L = 68F
COUT = 220F
VIN = 12V
VOUT = 5.0V
IOUT = 0.0A
VIN = 12V
VOUT = 5.0V
IOUT = 1.0A
TIME (100ms/div.)
TIME (100ms/div.)
No-Load Stability
Phase Margin = 125
Full-Load Stability
Phase Margin = 71
L = 68F
COUT = 220F
L = 68F
COUT = 220F
VIN = 34V
VOUT = 5.0V
IOUT = 1.0A
VIN = 34V
VOUT = 5.0V
IOUT = 1.0A
TIME (100ms/div.)
June 2000
TIME (100ms/div.)
MIC4680
MIC4680
Micrel
Block Diagrams
VIN
IN
SHDN
Internal
Regulator
200kHz
Oscillator
Current
Limit
Thermal
Shutdown
Comparator
VOUT
SW
Driver
Reset
1A
Switch
COUT
FB
Error
Amp
1.23V
Bandgap
Reference
MIC4680-x.x
GND
Fixed Regulator
VIN
IN
SHDN
R1
VOUT = VREF
+ 1
R2
Internal
Regulator
200kHz
Oscillator
Thermal
Shutdown
R1 = R2 OUT 1
VREF
Current
Limit
VREF = 1.23V
Comparator
VOUT
SW
Driver
Reset
1A
Switch
COUT
R1
FB
Error
Amp
1.23V
Bandgap
Reference
R2
MIC4680 [adj.]
Adjustable Regulator
MIC4680
June 2000
MIC4680
Micrel
A higher feedback voltage increases the error amplifier
output voltage. A higher error amplifier voltage (comparator
inverting input) causes the comparator to detect only the
peaks of the sawtooth, reducing the duty cycle of the comparator output. A lower feedback voltage increases the duty
cycle. The MIC4680 uses a voltage-mode control architecture.
Output Switching
When the internal switch is on, an increasing current flows
from the supply VIN, through external storage inductor L1, to
output capacitor COUT and the load. Energy is stored in the
inductor as the current increases with time.
When the internal switch is turned off, the collapse of the
magnetic field in L1 forces current to flow through fast
recovery diode D1, charging COUT.
Output Capacitor
External output capacitor COUT provides stabilization and
reduces ripple. See Bode Plots for additional information.
Return Paths
During the on portion of the cycle, the output capacitor and
load currents return to the supply ground. During the off
portion of the cycle, current is being supplied to the output
capacitor and load by storage inductor L1, which means that
D1 is part of the high-current return path.
Functional Description
The MIC4680 is a variable duty cycle switch-mode regulator
with an internal power switch. Refer to the block diagrams.
Supply Voltage
The MIC4680 operates from a +4V to +34V unregulated
input. Highest efficiency operation is from a supply voltage
around +15V. See the efficiency curves.
Enable/Shutdown
The shutdown (SHDN) input is TTL compatible. Ground the
input if unused. A logic-low enables the regulator. A logichigh shuts down the internal regulator which reduces the
current to typically 1.5A when VSHDN = VIN = 12V and 30A
when VSHDN = 5V. See Shutdown Input Behavior: Shutdown
Hysteresis.
Feedback
Fixed-voltage versions of the regulator have an internal
resistive divider from the feedback (FB) pin. Connect FB
directly to the output voltage.
Adjustable versions require an external resistive voltage
divider from the output voltage to ground, center tapped to the
FB pin. See Figure 6b for recommended resistor values.
Duty Cycle Control
A fixed-gain error amplifier compares the feedback signal
with a 1.23V bandgap voltage reference. The resulting error
amplifier output voltage is compared to a 200kHz sawtooth
waveform to produce a voltage controlled variable duty cycle
output.
June 2000
MIC4680
MIC4680
Micrel
Applications Information
Adjustable Regulators
Adjustable regulators require a 1.23V feedback signal. Recommended voltage-divider resistor values for common output voltages are included in Figure 1b.
For other voltages, the resistor values can be determined
using the following formulas:
VIN
MIC4680BM
2
IN
SW
FB
L1
R1
CIN
SHUTDOWN
ENABLE
VOUT
SHDN
R1
VOUT = VREF
+ 1
R2
GND
COUT
D1
R2
58
R1 = R2 OUT 1
VREF
VREF = 1.23V
VOUT
R1*
R2*
CIN
D1
L1
68H 1.5A
COUT
15F 35V
AVX TPSE156035R0200
Coiltronics UP2B-680
220F 10V
B260A Vishay-Diode, Inc.***
or
AVX TPSE227010R0060
or
Sumida CDRH125-680MC**
SS26 General Semiconductor
or
Sumida CDRH124-680MC**
* All resistors 1%
** shielded magnetics for low RFI applications
*** Vishay-Diode, Inc. (805) 446-4800
MIC4680
10
June 2000
MIC4680
Micrel
Minimum Copper/Maximum Current Method
Using Figure 3, for a given input voltage range, determine the
minimum ground-plane heat-sink area required for the
applications maximum output current. Figure 3 assumes a
constant die temperature of 75C above ambient.
Thermal Considerations
The MIC4680 SuperSwitcher features the power-SOP-8.
This package has a standard 8-lead small-outline package
profile but with much higher power dissipation than a standard SOP-8. The MIC4680 SuperSwitcher is the first dc-to-dc
converter to take full advantage of this package.
The reason that the power SOP-8 has higher power dissipation (lower thermal resistance) is that pins 5 though 8 and the
die-attach paddle are a single piece of metal. The die is
attached to the paddle with thermally conductive adhesive.
This provides a low thermal resistance path from the junction
of the die to the ground pins. This design significantly improves package power dissipation by allowing excellent heat
transfer through the ground leads to the printed circuit board.
One of the limitation of the maximum output current on any
MIC4680 design is the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (JA) of the design (package and ground plane).
Examining JA in more detail:
JA = (JC + CA)
where:
JC = junction-to-case thermal resistance
CA = case-to-ambient thermal resistance
JC is a relatively constant 20C/W for a power SOP-8.
CA is dependent on layout and is primarily governed by the
connection of pins 5 though 8 to the ground plane. The
purpose of the ground plane is to function as a heat sink.
JA is ideally 63C/W but will vary depending on the size of the
ground plane to which the power SOP-8 is attached.
1.5
8V
10
15
20
25
POUT
POUT
5W
5W
0.79
PD = 1.33W
A worst-case rule of thumb is to assume that 80% of the total
output power dissipation is in the MIC4680 (PD(IC)) and 20%
is in the diode-inductor-capacitor circuit.
PD(IC) = 0.8 PD
PD(IC) = 0.8 1.33W
PD(IC) = 1.064W
Calculate the worst-case junction temperature:
TJ = PD(IC) JC + (TC TA) + TA(max)
where:
TJ = MIC4680 junction temperature
PD(IC) = MIC4680 power dissipation
JC = junction-to-case thermal resistance.
The JC for the MIC4680s power-SOP-8 is
approximately 20C/W. (Also see Figure 1.)
TC = pin temperature measurement taken at the
entry point of pins 6 or 7 into the plastic package
PD =
SOP-8
JA
AM
BIE
TA = 50C
0.5
AREA (cm2)
CA
24V
34V
JC
1.0
12V
ground plane
heat sink area
NT
11
MIC4680
MIC4680
Micrel
MIC4680BM
IN
SW
1N4148 82
SHDN
D1
FB
2.2nF
GND
5 6 7 8
MIC4680BM
2
IN
SW
FB
L1
VOUT
68H
COUT
CIN
SHDN
Power
SOP-8
D1
GND
R1
Load
VIN
+4V to +34V
R2
5 6 7 8
GND
OFF
ON
C2
0.1F
50V
U1 MIC4680BM
IN
SW
SHDN
S1
NKK G12AP
FB
GND
SOP-8
58
J2
VOUT
1A
L1
68H
R1
3.01k
D1
R6
B260A optional
or
1
SS26
2
R2
6.49k
3
JP1a
1.8V
C3*
optional
R3
2.94k
5
JP1b
2.5V
R4
1.78k
7
JP1c
3.3V
R5
976
JP1d
5.0V
C4
220F
10V
C5
0.1F
50V
J4
GND
MIC4680
12
June 2000
MIC4680
Micrel
Manufacturer
Description
TPSD156M035R0300
ECE-A1HFS470
AVX1
15F 35V
47F 50V, 8mm 11.5mm
Panasonic2
TPSD227M010R0150
AVX
220F 10V
Inc.3
Qty
D1
B260A
SS26
Vishay-Diodes,
General Semiconductor
Schottky
L1
UP2B-680
CDH115-680MC
CDRH124-680MC
Coiltronics4
Sumida5
Sumida5
U1
MIC4680BM
Micrel Semiconductor6
1 AVX:
2
Part Number
http://www.avxcorp.com
Panasonic: http://www.maco.panasonic.co.jp/eccd/index.html
June 2000
13
MIC4680
MIC4680
Micrel
Applications Circuits*
For continuously updated circuits using the MIC4680, see Application Hint 37 at www.micrel.com.
MIC4680BM
IN
SW
L1
100H
C2
100nF
OFF
ON
SHDN
S1
NKK G12AP
FB
D1
MMBR140LT3
R7
4.99k
C3
220F
10V
GND
SOP-8
58
U2
J2
5V 2%
800mA 5%
R4
16.2k
D2
1N4148
3
2
R5
221k
LM4041DIM3-1.2
C4
10nF
U3
MIC6211BM5
To Cellular Telephone
C1
22F
35V
J3
GND
C5
220nF
R1
0.100
D3
1N4148
J1
+34V max.
R2
3.01k
R3
976
R6
10k
J4
GND
J1
+12V
C4
68F
20V
C5
33F
35V
U1 MIC4680BM
IN
SW
SHDN
FB
33H
4
C3
0.022F
50V
D1
ES1B
1A 100V
GND
SOP-8
J2
GND
J3
GND
L1
58
R1
8.87k
C1
68F
20V
R2
1k
C2
0.1F
J4
12V/150mA
+4.5V to +17V
SHUTDOWN
ENABLE
C1
330F
25V
U2
U1 MIC4680BM MIC4417BM4
IN
SW 3
SHDN
FB
GND
SOP-8
58
Si4425DY
L1*
R1
1k
D1
5A
50H
C2
220F
16V
R2
20m
C3
220F
16V
3.3V/5A
C4
1000pF
R3
1k
1%
R4
1k
1%
* ISAT = 8A
R5
16k
1%
R6
16k 1%
R7
3.01k
1%
D2
1N4148
U3
R8
MIC6211BM5 1.78k
1%
C5
0.1F
GND
MIC4680
14
June 2000
MIC4680
June 2000
Micrel
15
MIC4680
MIC4680
Micrel
Package Information
0.026 (0.65)
MAX)
PIN 1
0.157 (3.99)
0.150 (3.81)
DIMENSIONS:
INCHES (MM)
0.020 (0.51)
0.013 (0.33)
0.050 (1.27)
TYP
0.064 (1.63)
0.045 (1.14)
45
0.0098 (0.249)
0.0040 (0.102)
0.197 (5.0)
0.189 (4.8)
08
SEATING
PLANE
0.010 (0.25)
0.007 (0.18)
0.050 (1.27)
0.016 (0.40)
0.244 (6.20)
0.228 (5.79)
+ 1 (408) 944-0800
FAX
+ 1 (408) 944-0970
WEB
USA
http://www.micrel.com
This information is believed to be accurate and reliable, however no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use nor for any infringement of patents or
other rights of third parties resulting from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent right of Micrel Inc.
2000 Micrel Incorporated
MIC4680
16
June 2000