Philippine Approach to Total Sanitation - PhATS

The WASH Cluster partners, co-lead by the Department of Health have developed a
Sanitation
Strategy for Early Recovery in Yolanda (Haiyan) affected areas based on the rural
sanitation concept
prior to Yolanda. The proposed framework of Philippine Approach to Total Sanitation
(PhATS) is
conceptionalized as a means to help national government achieve the goals set
forth in the Philippine
Sustainable Sanitation Roadmap and the National Sustainable Sanitation Plan alike.
It builts on the
national sanitation roadmap envisioning the creation of an open defecation free
environment with
safe disposal of liquid and solid waste and the promotion of health and hygiene
practices in the
promoting an adjusted Community Led Total Sanitation model and within a holistic
approach to
promote an enabling environment.
Nationally agreed upon recovery and development strategy for promoting universal
access to
improved sanitation and hygiene behaviour focusing on ending the practice of open
defecation by
facilitating the change of social norms and building resilience. This will be achieved
by targeted
behavioural change communication, access to safe drinking water, WINS, sanitation
marketing,
solid waste, and wastewater and drainage management in a phased approach.
What is G1 Demand Creation?
Why behaviour change?
For sustainability and resilience
Households rebuild after disaster or at least cover up their shit
Facilitate community self-analysis and action; Evoke feelings of fear,
shame, disgust
Definition
Community:
A community is a group of people who regularly form interaction through
which it builds relationships over time and around shared experiences,
which are of interest to all of them for varying individual reasons.
These relations lead to the development of common ways of living
(culture) which strengthen the bond of relation using norms and values
formulated through the process.
G1 Demand Creation Definition
Community Led Development
In order to understand what community led development means one have
to have clear understanding about following assumptions:
It is a communitys right to be able to influence decisions made about it;

As the community knows its own issues best, then their involvement in
planning and delivering solutions makes their development most effective;
Developing ownership and capacity at community level make development
more sustainable and usually more cost-effective.
G1 Demand Creation is
Focused on igniting change in sanitation behaviour rather than toilet
construction
Through a process of self-awakening by facilitators from within or outside the
community

Concentrates on whole community NOT individual behaviours = collective

benefit from ZOD
People decide together how they will create a clean and hygienic
environment (community innovation on technology, reward, ordinances,
spread, scaling up)
G1 Demand Creation is (cont.)
Focused on eliciting emotions of:
Shame: a painful sensation excited by a consciousness of guilt, or of
having done something which injures reputation
Fear: an emotional response to tangible and realistic dangers.
Disgust: aversion or displeasure produced by something loathing, strong
distaste and anything extremely unpleasant to the moral taste or higher
sensibilities of our nature
CLTS vs. G1 Demand Creation
Differences G1 Demand Creation
Includes subsidies but not 100%. Community contribution is a must.
Minimum toilet standards based on DOH guidelines
Similar principles:
Focused on behaviour change
Elements of shame, fear and disgust
Community self-analysis and action

G1 Demand Creation process

Step 1: Pre-Triggering Preparing the Community
Identify the barangay
Gather data where possible on barangay sanitation and hygiene situation and
plan acordingly
Make appointment with barangay leader for community meeting; request all
community members to be present
Bring sanitary inspector
Pre-triggering tips
What to look for
What to do with which type of community?
Where access of sanitation is high?
Ordinances?
Where access of sanitation is low?
Where subsidies have been prevalent?
Step 2: Triggering Facilitating Motivation to Change
Gather the barangay members for a community meeting
Use community mobilization tools taught and practiced yesterday

Conclude with an action points/next steps decided upon by the barangay

(usually to reach ZOD/G1)

Step 3: Post-Triggering (Follow-up) Monitoring community action

Follow-up on action points created at community meeting
Provide support where needed
What types of support might a community need?
Technical
Mobilizing other community members
Setting up accountability mechanisms
Others?
Step 4: Verification and Celebration
Verify that the community completed the actions they committed to at the
meeting
If this is one of multiple steps in a larger plan, mobilize them to prepare for
next steps
If this is the final part of their action plan, support them to prepare a
celebration
ZOD/G1 achievement comes with a reward, and sets the community up for
progress to G2 and G3 (Step 5: Sustainability and moving up the sanitation
ladder)
Step 5 Sustainability and Moving up the Sanitation Ladder
Progress towards G2 and G3 including re-verification of ZOD status
Elements of sanitation marketing and overall environmental management
More details will be provided at comprehensive PhATS training for
development PCA partners
Priority is G1 level at the moment

Key Roles in Facilitation G1 Demand Creation

Pre-triggering: community extension worker (s)
Triggering: lead facilitator, co-facilitator, childrens facilitator, environment
setter, process recorder
Post-triggering (follow-up): community extension worker and Natural Leaders
Verification: members of municipal government (verification guidelines in
process)
Celebration: community-driven
Key Roles in Triggering
Lead Facilitator
Co-facilitator
Content and Process Recorder
Children's Facilitator (x2, max 3)
Environment Setter
Minimum - 1 children's facilitator, 1 lead facilitator, 1 co-facilitator
(can be record keeper and environment setter at the same time)
Triggering
Community Action Plan
Clap your hands for the community that eats their own shit. Ask to
take a picture of them so you can share your learning with others.

Someone will be embarrassed and state that they want to take

action. Ask the rest of the community members what they also want
to do.
Have them commit to a date when they will all stop defecating in the
open.
Purpose: Get community to commit to change
Natural Leaders Selection
Ask the community who are the people who can see that they reach
ZOD? Who were most active/vocal at the triggering? Who is ready to
ensure that they stop eating each others shit? Choose volunteers
Depending on the size of the barangay, you may need to assign a
few per purok, whatever number is manageable for people to do
house to house follow up as needed
Purpose: Assign champions to follow-up on community action at the
local level

Triggering Outcomes

Your post-triggering approach will

vary with the outcome.

Natural Leader Selection

Identify those who were most vocal during the triggering
Natural Leaders dont have to be members of health or WASH committees,
they just have to be motivated to support their community to become ZOD
and achieve their action plan
Let the community choose their natural leaders

OBJECTIVES:
1. Promotion of sanitation and triggering at barangay level
a. Community action plan
2. Hygiene Promotion campaigns at the community