Assignment on Project

Development and Implementation

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Table of Contents
Introduction.........................................................................................................3
Task 1................................................................................................................3
1.1. Analyse the factors that contribute to the process of project selection.........................3
1.2. Develop outline project specifications for the implementation of a new product, service or
process............................................................................................................4
1.3. Produce a specification for an agreed project to implement a new product, service or
process............................................................................................................5
Task 2................................................................................................................6
2.1. Produce a project plan for an agreed project.........................................................6
2.2. Match appropriate resources to a project.............................................................7
2.3 Cost of all resources required for implementing a project.......................................8
2.4. Agreed time scale for the management and implementation of a project......................9
2.5. Plan an appropriate strategy for the implementation of a project................................9
Task 3..............................................................................................................10
3.1 Implement a project in accordance with an agreed specification...............................10
3.2 Develop appropriate measures to monitor and evaluate progress and outcomes............11
3.3: Monitor the implementation of a project...........................................................12
Task 4..............................................................................................................13
4.1 Analyse the outcomes of a project regarding original project specification..................13
4.2. Evaluate the outcomes of a project..................................................................13
4.3. Make justified recommendations for improvements to the project...........................14
Task 5.............................................................................................................14
5.1 Produce a Report for all Project Procedures Used.................................14
5.2 Present the outcomes of the project to an audience using an agreed
format and appropriate media....................................................................16
Conclusion........................................................................................................16
Bibliography...................................................................................................17

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Introduction
All organisations whether big or small must innovate and develop new products or services or
process to be ahead of its competitors. So for accomplishing it, cross-functional expertise is
needed by the organisation. The macro level justification ensures that the aims and plans of the
new product or services are accomplished in given time frame and budget while the micro level
is concerned with the internal workplace environment and teamwork to meet reducing costs and
sharing information.
Star Tours is a UK based travel agency who is introducing a new product of Australia Heritage
tourism which is considered as a project and its management in illustrated in this paper (Star
Tours, 2015).

Task 1
1.1. Analyse the factors that contribute to the process of project selection
Factors contributing to project selection are namely mission, process, implementation and
success factors which are illustrated below (Larson et al., 2013):
a) Mission Factor- The mission and objective of promoting Australia Heritage Tourism are to
provide for outstanding customer experience along with earning profits for the company. It
involves processes or actions such that it meets the federal rules and regulations of both UK
and Australia and is in the interest of the citizens of UK. The mission also involves
partnerships and joint ventures with the local tours and travels of Australia, who are
promoting Heritage Tourism.
b) Process Factor- The new project must inculcate the following process characteristics.
i.
The project will be executed based on an alliance between Australias tour
ii.

representatives and Star Tours.

The new project will be carried out by a local branch leading manager or staff, people

iii.

and communities of place and interest.

Promoting Heritage Tourism of Australia will be supported and involved by the
interested parties in the process of project planning and must also collaborate and
comply with environmental protection process (The Stationery Office Limited, 2015).
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c) Implementation Factor- Scope, purpose and operational characteristics of the new product
of Heritage Tourism in Australia will be carried out in its scope of diversity.
d) Outcome or Success Factor- The success of the project will be gauged as against its
capability of enhancing and contributing to the expansion and extension of Star Tours. The
project of Heritage Tourism of Australia must be able to lure the people of UK to enjoy the
culture and nature of Australia along with earning profits for the organisation.

1.2. Develop outline project specifications for the implementation of a new product,
service or process
The new product for Star Tours is promoting heritage tourism in Australia. To do so, firstly it is
essential to understand the cultural and heritage tourism places of Australia. The various cultural
heritage of Australia includes Great Barrier Reef in Cairns, Sky Rail Travel to Kuranda Village in
Cairns, Great Ocean Road, Sydney Harbor or the beautiful Darling Harbor, Kangaroo Island,
Australian Museum, Fraser Islands, McDonald Island, Lord Howe Island Group and much more
(Tourism Australia, 2015). Once the above destinations are determined, the other specifications
that need to be outlined for project implementation are:

The estimated time and lifecycle of the product or service which includes the specified
project time allocated for each activity like understanding the heritage spots of Australia,

building alliances and management and much more.

Matching products and services to market need help in product screening and evaluation
Estimating and reducing the pricing for the new proposed service or product
The project development process
Creating a project team
Investment and cost control
Managing the new development project
Business analysis and commercialization.

1.3. Produce a specification for an agreed project to implement a new product, service or
process
The new product of promoting the heritage tourism of Australia includes the cultural and natural
resources of the place. Individuals have different perspectives on different areas. The detailed
specifications for implementing the heritage tourism in Australia are:
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Creating the scope for the new product, it is required to motivate people to travel.
Then we must evaluate to check whether heritage tourism of Australia is apt and justifiable to
the community and customers targeted. Australia has a lot of cultural places that attract
visitors all over the world. The detailed survey of the history and present evidence of the site

and spots is done to promote it (Mowforth & Munt, 2008).

Then the required infrastructures, facilities and services are created, and the existing ones are
utilised for carrying out specific activities. The results of these processes would be
considered as the tourism supply of a destination (Rodrguez-Daz & Espino-Rodrguez,

2007).
Creating an image and brand position by communicating the functional and emotional
benefits in the market will help to gain customers (Ghodeswar, 2008). Along with it, the
importance and value of heritage are also promoted so that people in the UK get attracted to
gain the knowledge. Involving and accessing the community helps in the promotion of the
new product. A diversified team is formed by engaging the cross community and cross region
people who will assist in achieving long-term strategic goals of promoting heritage tourism

in Australia.
The number of people or visitors to different place helps in analysing the consumption and
popularity of the new product. The services are improvised are renewed by regular
evaluations and feedbacks.

The product of Heritage Tourism of Australia must provide:

Core Services: Entry fees

Extra Service: Cab transfer services to the attractions from the visitors place
Ambience Service: Good and amiable environment and architecture.

Task 2
2.1. Produce a project plan for an agreed project
Project plan for promoting heritage tourism in Australia in the UK requires focusing on the
important factors that would lead to success namely keeping promises, on-time meeting
customers demands and requests, making a strong alliance with the stakeholders involved, and
knowing the marketing know-how (Williams, 2006). The steps are:
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Laying down the aims and objectives of providing quality recreational services at a
reasonable price and promoting cultural and heritage tourism in Australia in the UK (Smith et

al., 2009).
Inspecting the sites and places that depict cultural heritage of Australia.
Forming contracts and alliances with hotels, airlines, banks, destination management

companies, other travel agencies (Stokes, 2008).

Creating a new logo and a slogan for the new service being offered
Market Analysis, which involves Market segmentation and targeting and positioning the
middle and upper-class people of UK. Segmentation on the basis of the approach is also done
namely walk-in, website, telephonic, emails, fax, and social media customers. Others (Kotler

et al., 2006; Michaelidou et al., 2011)

The study of the macro environment and competitor analysis is also done using porters five
forces model which helps in understanding the bargaining power of buyers and suppliers, the

threat from new and existing companies, and the threat of substitutes.
Then the operational plan is formed which includes the service delivery plan, marketing plan,
market forecasting and survey, and promotional activities (Grimson & Pyke, 2007). The
promotional activities include the in-store promotions like brochures, pamphlets and posters,
local promotional activities include advertisements in newspapers and magazines and local
media via Direct emails to existing customers, web page, social media, youtube and much

more (Noone et al., 2011).

Then a high-end launch program is established
Sales tactics and promotion is applied to retain customers relation in a friendly manner (Hair

et al., 2008)
Product and services pricing must be done reasonable so that people happily afford it
Then the financial analysis of projecting profits and costs is done to determine the success of
the product.

2.2. Match appropriate resources to a project

A new product or project survives only in the presence of the adequate resources and funds for
the development of such is determined (Kerzner, 2013). It also has to undergo an analysis phase
which includes the parameters that determine the success or failure of new product development.
This helps in removing inappropriate ideas and avoids unnecessary costs and involvement of
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resources. Resources required by Star Tours by its new product of Heritage Tourism of Australia
are:

Capital Funds: A substantial amount of funds is required for the following:

o Travelling Costs which includes local travel to survey the market of UK and
o
o
o
o
o

international travel to Australia to study and ascertain the necessities.

Research and Development Costs
Marketing Costs
Additional manpower involving costs
Suppliers and Alliances costs
Evaluation and Management Costs (Parker & Khare, 2005).

Manpower required:
o Highly trained and skilled executives to survey Australia heritage and scope. Also,
understand the rules and regulations of the country.
o Managers fixing up meetings and forming alliances with hotels, airlines, banks,
o
o
o
o

destination management companies, other travel agencies

New and innovative marketing techniques using technology and other ways
An accountant to analyse and forecast the costs and revenues expected
Management of the new product development and forming price strategy
Evaluation and feedback of responses of the study and making necessary changes to
provide high-quality service at an optimum price (Baum, 2007).

The viability of a new product is measured by estimating its price, identifying the products
market potential, and forecasting sales and breakeven point analysis, determining a minimum
sale price, long-term evaluation and scope of marketing strategy (Carbonell & Rodriguez, 2006).

2.3 Cost of all resources required for implementing a project

Expenses in a project are significant for its scheduling and control (Herroelen & Leus, 2005).
The various costs involved for the new product of Heritage Tourism of Australia are the cost of
resources or manpower required for the work they perform, cost incurred in carrying out a
particular task and a fixed cost irrespective of task and resources. Cost resource is the cost borne
by a resource to carrying out the work and it includes the airfare and lodging expenses
(Boardman, 2008). This cost is related to each of the tasks and can be changed due to the
duration of the tasks if there is no specific budget made. A budget helps in managing the costs
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and defining the maximum usage of money, work, or material units to carry out the new product
development (Wheelwright, 2010). Though the actual expenses may vary, this budget helps in
managing the fiscal health of the new product project.
o Travelling costs include the Local and International travelling expenses.
Local travelling- 1,000 GBP
Australia travelling- 20,000 GBP
o Research and Development Costs- 20,000 GBP
o Marketing Costs- 15,000 GBP
o Supplier and Stakeholders Meetings and Agreements- 15,000 GBP
o Hiring Additional Human Resources and Development- 35,000 GBP
o Evaluating and Monitoring Costs- 60,000 GBP
o Website Development and technology costs for the New Product Development and
Management- 15,000 GBP
Hence, the total cost involved in the development of new product of Heritage Tourism of
Australia is 181,000 GBP.
2.4. Agreed time scale for the management and implementation of a project
The new product project planning involves devising a stipulated period which is realistic and
achievable for accomplishing success (Camilleri, 2012). The tasks are allocated a fixed time on
the basis of dependency, resources, and internal and external personal. The timescale for Star
Tours for its new product of heritage tourism of Australia is 20 weeks. The various section of the
project is divided and allocated so that all the activities are carried out effectively and efficiently
in the given time frame. Carrying out the activities before the allocated time may not be
beneficial (Blichfeldt & Eskerod, 2008). So it is not required to unnecessary hassle for carrying
out the tasks faster or delays. The effectiveness is achieved only if the various operations are
carried out as scheduled. This involves a very complex process and risks. After the idea
generation and approval of the project, it is necessary to form a structured plan before starting
the operations.
Week 1 would involve the development of the detailed plan and budget. Week 2 would deal with
the hiring of required manpower and resources and arrange for the necessities of Research and
Development. Until ten weeks the arrangements to travel Australia, meeting and forming
alliances and inspecting the various sites depicting the heritage is carried out. The detailed study
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is conducted of the various locations, its entry fees and rules and regulations applicable. After the
plan is finalised the complete market testing is done. Various marketing and promotional
activities are carried out in the next four weeks. Then, the website updating is performed in the
last four weeks regarding the Heritage Tourism of Australia.

2.5. Plan an appropriate strategy for the implementation of a project

The various steps for the implementation of a project are illustrated below (Dinsmore & CookeDavies, 2005). The first step is to develop the infrastructure which includes the management of
extra hardware, software and communication channels required for the development of new
product. As it is the service we are providing in various ways of walk in personal and media so
providing good internet facilities, laptops and telecommunication channels is necessary.
Secondly, new product knowledge and details must be known to everyone in the organisation,
and proper co-ordination must be set up for implementation. The marketing and advertising
department must be aligned with the sales so that the customers do not feel deceived (Kotler et
al., 2006). Moreover, the website development for the new product should not give any vague
idea and must be developed and delivered precisely.
Thirdly, various training and coaching sessions must be conducted so that the employees develop
an excellent communication and interpersonal skills while dealing with clients and also have
detailed knowledge about the new products and of the organisation (Bambacas & Patrickson,
2008). Fourthly, after forming the entire plan and developing the product, it is required to
undergo a test drive before actually launching it (Dinsmore & Cooke-Davies, 2005).
This would include testing the laptops, telephone connections; the internet and the website
developed so ensure that everything related to the heritage tourism of Australia is apt. The
database and other hardware are also checked so that incoming data of clients can be managed
efficiently. Fifthly, the data collection is reviewed and implemented it is required to have the
efficient software system that would present the data in a format that is required by the
organisation. Sixthly, the final testing and verification are done to check if everything is as we
have expected. Finally, new processes and procedures if any changes are required are
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implemented, and the final project is launched which are followed by evaluation and monitoring
of new product response (Camilleri, 2012).

Task 3
3.1 Implement a project in accordance with an agreed specification
The Successful project implementation for a new product development progress and outcomes is
measured regarding managing all the resources, the expected results and outputs from the new
product, technical and hardware monitoring. The financial and budget monitoring, informing the
higher authorities about anything uncertain or malpractices which hinder the success of the
project and making the required changes and measures to meet the objectives (Kerzner, 2013).
The main manager should know about the details of the plan of project development and it's
specifications plan which has been approved by the directors of the company. The various
parameters of the agreement or plan that a project manager requires while monitoring and
evaluating project are fund transfer, project implementation structure, project personnel, relations
with partners and alliances formed, the involvement of the donor at different stages, reporting
requirements at each level and much more (Greiman, 2013).
Star Tours should evaluate and monitor progress for its new product development of Heritage
Tourism in Australia in terms getting detailed knowledge and forming tie-ups with the number of
heritage spots of Australia. It involves the measuring the customers' attractiveness to the new
product, profits and revenues estimation for the company, proper utilisation of personal and
manpower resources, and monitoring of any wastage or misuse of facilities by the employees.
The team leader is also selected to control the work of the employees carefully. This will also
help in checking if the activities are being carried out as scheduled in a systematic way and at the
scheduled time.

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3.2 Develop appropriate measures to monitor and evaluate progress and outcomes
Monitoring and evaluation are critical to the success of any project as it helps in identifying
problems, resolving them and learning from them (Fortune & White, 2006). Worksheets for
evaluating the progress is maintained which gives the status of the development of product
immediately (Bamberger et al., 2011). Based on the outcomes of the worksheet we can plan our
future activities and actions. It helps in refining the new product development at regular
intervals. Evaluating it on a yearly basis or the basis of aims and objectives also help us in
comparing the progress.
For the heritage of Australia tourism product development, we can make two types of the
worksheet.

First, it starts with creating a detailed plan with time allotment for various activities such as
idea generation, planning, research and development, and inspection of sites. It also involves
the gaining the detailed knowledge, marketing, building and updating the website for new

product and maintaining the database for the new customers (Bamberger et al., 2011).
Next, we can also formulate a worksheet mentioning all the heritage tourists spots in
Australia and the progress of forming alliances with them. In that, we can also mention about
the other partnerships with airlines and hotels in Australia and mention about the progress.
This will help the project manager evaluate the status of the project whenever required and
form necessary future actions (Bamberger et al., 2011).

3.3: Monitor the implementation of a project

Monitoring is a mandatory part of the new project and product development from the very
beginning to the end (Wheelwright, 2010). When the idea is formed then itself its monitoring
and research of feasibility is carried out. So using the worksheet method as stated above should
be executed by all the companies during any new venture. The individuals and stakeholders of an
organisation can also monitor with the help of this worksheet method. Employee activities can
also be monitored regularly by asking him to maintain a worksheet for every day defining his
activities and actions (Baum, 2007). This helps the employee and organisation both in the long
run.
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The new project of heritage tourism of Australia being promoted in the UK adopted by Star
Tours should also be monitored regularly to gain the benefits of understanding the aims, methods
of accomplishment and understanding the next step. This also helps in evaluating our distance
from achieving success and profits. The overall successful of the project is measured by the
number and frequency of passengers travelling Australia for its Heritage and the profits earned
by the company.

Task 4
4.1 Analyse the outcomes of a project regarding original project specification
Any new project when done by proper plan and the structured way will give satisfactory
outcome and results (Camilleri, 2012). This is mainly because of the effective and efficient
project management methods and teams. They help in managing and coordinating tasks in a
systematic manner which helps in delivering satisfactory results.
The project plan made for Heritage Tourism of Australia is compared with the worksheet and
regularly monitoring methods to evaluate its success. We would measure the success by the
number of alliances made by the company with the heritage tourists spots in Australia. If more
than 70% is accomplished, we will consider it to be successful else we must formulate ways for
reframing the structure and requirements. The number of people in the UK interested in the new
product is also formulated during the marketing and promotional activities. This will also help us
in getting a fair idea of the success or failure of a project. Researchers reveal that the most sought
after destination of Australia is the Great Barrier Reef in Cairns for the people of UK. So forming
necessary alliances and providing facilities at a reasonable price would be a success.
4.2. Evaluate the outcomes of a project
The outcome of the tourism industry is a complicated thing as it involves a lot of parameters and
uncertainty (Williams, 2006). The aims and objectives of the organisation, behaviour of
employees and performance of the project help in evaluating the project success and determining
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the changes required (Blichfeldt & Eskerod, 2008). The outcomes are measured in a twodimensional way of project success and participant satisfaction. The effectiveness of the new
project of Star Tours is evaluated on the following basis:

Number of people of UK interested and opted for Heritage Tourism of Australia

Revenues and profits
High-quality services provided to the customers
Time punctuality and no delays
Frequency of the tourist spots, hotel and airlines alliances

We find that the marketing techniques adopted by Star Tours for this new project are relatively
safe, but they must focus on the service quality provided by them. They should also increase
their alliances in Australia so that they can provide a variety of customers and meet their needs.
4.3. Make justified recommendations for improvements to the project
Few recommendations for the new project are:

Giving more time to the project development plan and research which will help us gain the
detailed knowledge and obtain complete research (Stark, 2011). The specific activity of
evaluation, analysis, research and monitoring must be made so that every activity is carried

out efficiently.
Fixing up the finances for the research and development and planning higher will help in
obtaining higher efficiency. We found that the time and money involved in the new project
development plan were not sufficient as the project was an international level and required
more detailed study. Research would have been done extensively in more markets had there

been more capital and time involved.

Stronger and better alliances to be formed for organisational sustainability (Lavie, 2006)
The strategies for monitoring and evaluating must be more advanced and professional who

would have helped in carrying out detailed analysis.

Training and coaching must be provided to employees to make them understand the detailed
project and their expectations in accomplishing the project (Baum, 2007).

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Task 5
5.1 Produce a Report for all Project Procedures Used
In order to accomplish any project, it is essential to pursue a series of well-coordinated and
synchronised steps. Similarly, Star Tours from the UK in order to successfully achieve its project
of promoting Australias heritage tour, need to resort to a series of steps. It is important to follow
these steps as a part of a complete plan as by resorting to inappropriate programs the chances of a
project to fail increases. This in turn not only results in non-achievement of organisational goals
and objectives but also affects its efficiency and profitability (Dinsmore & Cooke-Davies, 2005).
Some of the major processes that were adhered to by Star Tours for completion of this project
are:

Firstly, Star Tours identified the need for undertaking the project of new product
development. Based on the needs identified varied opportunities were explored to

understand the ways through which need could be fulfilled.

Once a detailed analysis of requirements was undertaken it was recognised by Star Tours
that the best possible way to gain over the competition in the most profitable and
sustainable manner was design a new product (a new service) in the form of a new

destination, product type and overall package.

Based on further analysis it was realised that Australia is one of the best destinations with

product being heritage tours that can be promoted by Star Tours

The primary goal set was to promote heritage tours of Australia in the UK for which all
the required resources were identified and made available. This required arranging
finances, training human resources and developing relationships with varied

organisations that would be involved in providing differing services.

Once all resources were arranged, and relationships were developed, the project was

executed and launched in the UK.

From the very first tour package availed by clients, the project was carefully scrutinised,
and changes were made based on problems experienced by Star Tours as well as based on

consumer feedback.
The project was considered to be profitable as clients were happy and more customers
were approaching Star Tours for availing services.

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5.2 Present the outcomes of the project to an audience using

an agreed format and appropriate media
The outcomes of the project are represented in table below:
Sl No:

Change through Project

Benefits

1.

People to be
Benefitted
from the
Project
Shareholders

Expansion of Business

Wealth Maximization

2.

Employees

Training and
Development
Challenging
Assignments
New areas to explore
Expanded Product
Portfolio

Career Development
Increased Compensation

Quality services
New destinations
Value for Money
Economic development of
both the countries

3.

Customers

4.

Society

Exploring new
destinations

The information will be passed to the audience through Star Tours website thereby making is
easy for all stakeholders to understand the benefits.

Conclusion
The success of any project depends on the efficient planning. With effective planning and
execution of the project, the new product thus determined by Star tours can be successfully being
launched. This will help in not only delivering a successful project but also generate positive
revenues sustainability which will support both UKs and Australias economy.

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