Elastic Beanstalk

----------------AWS Elastic Beanstalk is a PaaS (Platform as a Service) offered from Amazon Web
Services that allows users to create applications and push them to a definable s
et of AWS services, including Amazon EC2, Amazon S3, Amazon Simple Notification
Service (SNS), Amazon CloudWatch, auto scaling, and elastic load balancers.
Amazon Web Services (AWS) comprises dozens of services, each of which exposes an
area of functionality. While the variety of services offers flexibility for how
you want to manage your AWS infrastructure, it can be challenging to figure out
which services to use and how to provision them.
With Elastic Beanstalk, you can quickly deploy and manage applications in the AW
S cloud without worrying about the infrastructure that runs those applications.
You simply upload your application, and Elastic Beanstalk automatically handles
the details of capacity provisioning, load balancing, scaling, and application h
ealth monitoring.
------------------------------------------------------------------------ZooKeeper is a centralized service for maintaining configuration information, na
ming, providing distributed synchronization, and providing group services.
Apache ZooKeeper is a software project of the Apache Software Foundation, provid
ing an open source distributed configuration service, synchronization service, a
nd naming registry for large distributed systems.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------AWS CloudFormation gives developers and systems administrators an easy way to cr
eate and manage a collection of related AWS resources, provisioning and updating
them in an orderly and predictable fashion.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Amazon CloudWatch monitors your Amazon Web Services (AWS) resources and the appl
ications you run on AWS in real-time. You can use CloudWatch to collect and trac
k metrics, which are the variables you want to measure for your resources and ap
plications. CloudWatch alarms send notifications or automatically make changes t
o the resources you are monitoring based on rules that you define. For example,
you can monitor the CPU usage and disk reads and writes of your Amazon Elastic C
ompute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances and then use this data to determine whether
you should launch additional instances to handle increased load. You can also us
e this data to stop under-used instances to save money.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Apache ActiveMQ is an open source message broker written in Java together with a
full Java Message Service (JMS) client. It provides "Enterprise Features" which
in this case means fostering the communication from more than one client or ser
ver.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------The Marionette Collective, also known as MCollective, is a framework for buildin
g server orchestration or parallel job execution systems. Most people use it to
programmatically execute administrative tasks on clusters of servers.
It's used to reliably communicate between two distributed processes. Yes you cou
ld store messages in a database to communicate between to processes, but as soon
as the message is received you'd have to delete the message. That means a row i
nsert and delete for each message. When you try to scale that up communicating t
housands of messages per second, databases tend to fall over.

Message oriented middleware like ActiveMQ on the other hand are build to handle
those use cases. They asume that messages in a healthy system will be deleted ve
ry quickly and can do optimizations to avoid the overhead. It can also push mess
ages to consumers instead of a consumer having to poll for new message by doing
a SQL query. This further reduces the latency involved in processing new message
s being sent into the system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------Bundler provides a consistent environment for Ruby projects by tracking and inst
alling the exact gems and versions that are needed.
Bundler is an exit from dependency hell, and ensures that the gems you need are
present in development, staging, and production. Starting work on a project is a
s simple as bundle install.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------ssh (SSH client) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executin
g commands on a remote machine. It is intended to replace rlogin and rsh, and pr
ovide secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecu
re network.
ssh automatically maintains and checks a database containing identifications for
all hosts it has ever been used with. Host keys are stored in $HOME/.ssh/known_
hosts in the user's home directory. Additionally, the file /etc/ssh/ssh_known_ho
sts is automatically checked for known hosts. Any new hosts are automatically ad
ded to the user's file. If a host's identification ever changes, ssh warns about
this and disables password authentication to prevent a trojan horse from gettin
g the user's password. Another purpose of this mechanism is to prevent man-in-th
e-middle attacks which could otherwise be used to circumvent the encryption. The
StrictHostKeyChecking option can be used to prevent logins to machines whose ho
st key is not known or has changed.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------A TPL, or template file is created by various applications. It saves the default
settings for page layout, written text, and other information for a document, a
nd is used for generating documents with a similar style and structure.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------API
a set of routines or protocols that specifies how a software component has t
o communicate with one another.
Google Map APIs
to use Google Maps in a web page by using some java script etc.
With API an app will open a website for ex, www.weather.com and lets you read th
e content
Without an API
an app will send a message to weather.com API which will reply th
e result in a structured format
API is not user interface, it is software
to software. Helps an application to i
nteract with another application. Ex: booking tickets -> provide credit/debit ca
rd info -> booking website uses its api to contact another api which verifies th
e card info and sends a response back to the booking website
Seamless
REST Representational State Transfer
uses simple request/response similar to htt
p calls
GET
POST
PUT
DELETE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Amazon CloudWatch monitors your Amazon Web Services (AWS) resources and the appl

ications you run on AWS in real-time. You can use CloudWatch to collect and trac
k metrics, which are the variables you want to measure for your resources and ap
plications. CloudWatch alarms send notifications or automatically make changes t
o the resources you are monitoring based on rules that you define. For example,
you can monitor the CPU usage and disk reads and writes of your Amazon Elastic C
ompute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances and then use this data to determine whether
you should launch additional instances to handle increased load.
In addition to monitoring the built-in metrics that come with AWS, you can monit
or your own custom metrics.
You or AWS products publish metric data points into CloudWatch and you retrieve
statistics about those data points as an ordered set of time-series data. Metric
s exist only in the region in which they are created.
Think of a metric as a variable to monitor, and the data points represent the va
lues of that variable over time. For example, the CPU usage of a particular Amaz
on EC2 instance is one metric, and the latency of an Elastic Load Balancing load
balancer is another.
Metrics are uniquely defined by a name, a namespace, and one or more dimensions.
Each data point has a time stamp, and (optionally) a unit of measure. When you
request statistics, the returned data stream is identified by namespace, metric
name, dimension, and (optionally) the unit.
CloudWatch stores your metric data for two weeks.
CloudWatch namespaces are containers for metrics. Metrics in different namespace
s are isolated from each other, so that metrics from different applications are
not mistakenly aggregated into the same statistics.
Namespace names are strings you define when you create a metric. The names must
be valid XML characters, typically containing the alphanumeric characters "0-9AZa-z" plus "."(period), "-" (hyphen), "_" (underscore), "/" (slash), "#" (hash),
and ":" (colon). AWS namespaces all follow the convention AWS/<service>, such a
s AWS/EC2 and AWS/ELB.
A dimension is a name/value pair that helps you to uniquely identify a metric.
Server=Prod,Domain=Frankfurt
With Amazon CloudWatch, each metric data point must be marked with a time stamp.
The time stamp can be up to two weeks in the past and up to two hours into the
future. If you do not provide a time stamp, CloudWatch creates a time stamp for
you based on the time the data element was received.