Professional Documents
Culture Documents
of Area Resource Centres (SPARC), the agent and works with Samu-
daya Nirman Sahayak. The main func- sisted to develop a track record in
National Slum Dwellers Federation
tion of CLIFF is to: delivering urban rehabilitation;
(NSDF) and Mahila Milan.
Scaling up citywide requires an engage- • provide bridging loans, guarantees • seek to attract commercial, local
and technical assistance; and public-sector finance for further
ment with the formal development proc-
schemes, thus accelerating or scal-
ess and the establishment of working • initiate medium-scale urban rehabili- ing up the response to the chal-
relationships with formal-sector institu- tation in cities in the South; lenge of urban renewal; and
tions. This is usually problematic, largely
because public-sector financing is se- • work in partnership with community- • establish local CLIFF agencies that
verely constrained and has a proven based organisations (CBOs) and can operate as lasting local institu-
record of being reluctant to lend to the non-governmental organisations tions.
poor. A further problem is that the for- (NGOs) who have or can be as-
times, in the urban areas it has grown by five times. This has re-
Sanction of fund for the district 470.02 290.65 159.75 245.37
sulted in deterioration in the physical environment and quality of (Rs. In Lakhs)
life. The situation in the cities of Madhya Pradesh is not good, in Share of city as against total 60.8 57.2 42.1 40.7
fact in some cases the conditions are alarming, needing proper sanction for the district (%)
attention to address the problems. The growth of slums in the 4 Share of water & sanitation works 35.2 40.1 2.68 13.0
major cities, where the Water for Asian Cities Programme is being as against sanction for the city (%)
implemented in support of the ADB financed Urban Water Supply
& Environmental Improvement Project of Government of Madhya 2. MLA Local Area Development Scheme (MLALAD):
Pradesh is as follows: Operational since 1994, this scheme allows for a fixed amount to
City Total Recog- Estimated Slum Popu- Illegal be placed at the discretion of the MLA for development of his or
Population nized Slum Popula- lation to colonies her constituency. In Madhya Pradesh, the annual amount per MLA
(2001 Slums tion (As per total Popu-
Census) (in MCs) lation
(No.) constituency has been increased from Rs. 20 Lakhs in 2002–03 to
(No.)
thousand)
(in thousand)
Percentage Rs. 60 Lakhs in 2005-06. However, the amount available under
Bhopal 1433.88 487 432 30.1 131 this scheme is not being utilized in full in the financial year, and
Gwalior 826.92 149 478 57.8 265 the amount spent on water sanitation projects are quite low. The
Indore 1597.44 406 260 16.3 349 sanction of MLALAD fund for water supply and sanitation projects
Jabalpur 951.47 331 400 42.0 47 in the four cities during 2000-05 is as follows:
Particulars Bhopal Indore Jabalpur Gwalior
There is need for urban reforms to streamline infrastructure facilities
Sanction of fund for the City 96.00 169.73 109.80 147.56
to improve living conditions in the expanding cities matching with (Rs. In Lakhs)
their growth. However, for doing so there is need for mobilization Total sanction for water & sanita- 22.40 100.55 5.62 58.72
of adequate financial resources. tion works (Rs. In Lakhs)
UN-HABITAT Study Share of water & sanitation works 30.42 64.26 5.08 39.36
as against sanction for the city (%)
UN-HABITAT had recently conducted a study on financial resource
mapping using data for the five year period and drafted a strategy During 2003-05, about 90 to 93 % in Indore, 54 to 60 % in Ja-
for greater convergence of available resources in the 4 cities to balpur and 67 to 87 % in Gwalior were not sanctioned. On
achieve the Millennium Development Goals. analysis, it become evident that out of entire amount available, at
In this study, the untied locally available central and state govern- least 50 % can be exclusively kept aside for water and sanitation
ment funds not necessarily pertaining to the urban administration works. Thus, additional funds can be generated to the extent of
department, funds available with the local bodies and non govern- 64.40 Lakhs for Bhopal, Rs 49.45 Lakhs for Indore, Rs 114.38
mental sources have been analysed. Special emphasis is on the Lakhs for Jabalpur and Rs 61.28 Lakhs for Gwalior. The possibil-
Member of Parliament Local Area Development (MPLAD) and ity of mobilisation of funds per annum from various untied re-
Member of Legislature Local Area Development (MLALAD) sources are summarized below:
schemes, public contribution schemes, funds available with the Amount (Rs in Lakhs)
ULBs and from international and non government organisations Source
Bhopal Indore Jabalpur Gwalior
funding. The trend of flow of fund for the water and sanitary sector
MPLAD Scheme 43.42 9.35 37.63 40.21
were discussed and possibility of convergence of untied resources MLALAD Scheme 64.40 49.45 114.38 61.28
for development for these sectors have been suggested.
The Government of India initiated the Urban Basic Services Pro-
Scope for Mobilisation of Untied Fund gramme (UBSP) during the 7th Five year Plan period for urban
1. Member of Parliament Local Area Development poverty alleviation. Establishing linkages between community and
Scheme (MPLAD): Each of the 4 project cities are represented city level planning and management structures through a system-
by one Member Parliament (Lower House). Thus at least Rs. 20 atic devolution of resources and responsibilities to match with
million from MPLAD fund are available for the development works community needs, capacities and efforts at resource mobilization
in these cities. Besides these, there are 11 MP (Upper House) from is one of its major objectives. For effective implementation of the
Madhya Pradesh. Some funds, hence, are also available from programme, the state government has constituted the State Ur-
MPLAD fund of MP (Upper House) for these cities. However, entire ban Development Agency (SUDA) and District Urban Develop-
available funds are not being utilized. As per the Ministry of Statis- ment Agencies (DUDA). The UN-HABITAT study has recom-
tics & Programme Implementation, Government of India, the utiliza- mended that the existing system can facilitate the convergence
tion of MPLAD fund in Madhya Pradesh is only 60-80%. Out of of the untied resources available at the city level with DUDA.
PAGE - 4
Editorial Board
UN-HABITAT
Water for Asian Cities Programme Malay Shrivastava, Secretary, UADD, State Govt. of M.P
EP-16/17, Chandragupta Marg, Chanakyapuri Hazari Lal, Director, Govt. of India
New Delhi - 110021 (India), Tel: +91-11-42225019 / 22 Gulshan Bamra, Project Director, UWSEIP, Bhopal
Fax: +91-11-24104961, Web: www.unwac.org
Debashish Bhattacharjee, ADB, India Resident Mission
WAC Programme Project Office Aniruddhe Mukerjee, CTA, UN-HABITAT, Bhopal
E-1/191, Arera Colony, Bhopal - 462016
Madhya Pradesh, India, Tel: +91-755-2460835-36
Editor
Fax: +91-755-2460837, Email: Wac.India@unhabitat.org
Kulwant Singh, CTA, UN-HABITAT, New Delhi