Synchronous Reluctance Motor - PPSX

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
OF SYNCHRONOUS
RELUCTANCE MOTOR AND
MATHEMATICAL MODEL
By
JAIKRISHNA . V
Edited By
Sarath S Nair
www.technologyfuturae.com
OUTLINE
Introduction
Principle of Operation
Mathematical Model of Synchronous Reluctance
Motor
Advantages and Disadvantages
Comparison with other motors
Summary
References
INTRODUCTION
Synchronous reluctance motor is a true ac
motor
Synchronous reluctance motors were
developed to provide an efficient constant

speed machine.
There are no brushes, slip rings etc.
Its principle is almost similar to salient pole
synchronous
motor.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
In principle, the Synchronous Reluctance Motor is
similar to the traditional salient pole synchronous

motor but does not have an excitation winding in
its rotor.
The rotor is constructed with salient poles
The SynRM includes a squirrel cage on the rotor to
provide the starting torque for line-start.
The squirrel cage was also needed as a damper
winding in order to maintain synchronism under
sudden load torques
When 3 phase supply is given to the stator, a
rotating flux is produced. Initially emf is induced in
damper winding and the motor starts like an
inductionwww.technologyfuturae.com
machine. As it approaches synchronous
speed the reluctance torque takes over and the
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF
SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE
MOTOR
1)
d-q equation of synchronous reluctance motor
CONTD
In synchronous reluctance motor, the
excitation winding does not exist.

The basis for the d q equations for a
synchronous reluctance machine can be
obtained from parks equation
vd = rs ids + dds/dt wr qs
vq = rs iqs + dqs/dt + wr ds
(1)
ds = Lls ids + Lmd ids = Lds ids

qs www.technologyfuturae.com
= Lls iqs + Lmq iqs = Lqs iqs
(2)
Where
where Lls - stator leakage inductance

Lmd direct axis magnetizing inductance
Lmq quadrature axis magnetizing inductance
Te = (3/2)*(P/2)*(ds iqs - qs ids)
(3)
2)Steadystateequations
The variable in equation (1) will become
constant in steady state .ie., d/dt terms can be

eliminated
Ids = we Lqs Vqs + rs Vds
rs + we Lds Lqs
(5)
Iqs = -we Lds Vds + rs Vqs
rs + we Lds Lqs
Neglecting stator resistance we get
Ids = www.technologyfuturae.com
Vqs
,
Iqs = - Vds
(6)
3) Phasor equations for a synchronous relucatnce

motor
Single phasor equation from a steady state version of
equation (1) can be obtained by multiplying first line
of(1) ie. vds by j and adding to the second line ie. v qs
vqs jvds = rs(Iqs jIds) + we(ds + jqs)
(7)
or using (2) and (7)
vqs - jvds = rs(Iqs jIds) + we(Lds Ids + jLqs Iqs)
(8)
It can be changed to
Vqs jVds = rs(Iqs jIds) + jwe Lds(-jIds) + jwe Lqs Iqs
(9)
In phasor notation
(10)
(4) Torque expression for constant volt/hertz and

constant current operation
(1
1)
Except frequencies near zero, in all
frequencies neglecting stator resistance
(12
)
Substituting Vds and Vqs obtained
from phasor
diagram we get
(13)
The torque varies as square of volt per Hertz and as the sine of twice of the angle . When the
volt/Hertz is fixed, the maximum torque is clearly reached when =45. Therefore Maximum
torque
(14
)
`
If ds and qs is directly substituted into the
torque equation Te can also be written in
terms of stator d-q current as:
(15
)
Substitute the value of Ids and Iqs
(16
)
Electromagnetic torque can be expressed in

terms of stator current amplitude and mmf
angle as
(17
)
ADVANTAGES OF SYNCHRONOUS
RELUCTANCE MOTOR
Freedom from permanent magnets
A wide speed range at constant power
Synchronous operation leading to high
efficiency
Ability to maintain full torque at zero speed
DISADVANTAGES
In small motors the torque/ampere and the

torque/ volume are lower than in PM motors
The air gap is small when compared to

induction motors
COMPARISON WITH OTHER

MOTORS
1. Induction motor
.Rotor losses lower than those of the induction
machine
.High power factor and higher continous torque
rating
.The full load efficiency at rated speed and the
speed range at constant power, also exceed the

values obtainable with induction motors.
Contd
2. Switched reluctance motors
. does not suffer from high torque ripple.
. Power density lower than Switched reluctance
motor
SUMMARY
Principle of operation of synchronous
reluctance motor are discussed.

The mathematical model of Synchronous
reluctance motor was also discussed.

Comparisons with different motors has been
done
REFERENCES
[1] Srge Edward Lyshevski, Alexander Nazarov, Ahmed ElAntably, Charles Yokomoto, A.S.C. Sinha, Maher Rizkalla and
Mohamed El Sharkawy, Design and Optimization, SteadyState and Dynamic Analysis of Synchronous Reluctance
Motors Controlled by Voltage-Fed Converters With Nonlinear
Controllers, IEEE Trans. Industry Applications, Sept.1999.
[2] Peyman Niazi, Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous
Reluctance Motor Design And Performance Improvement,
Texas A&M University
[3] R. E. Betz, R. Lagerquist, M. Jovanovic, T. J. E. Miller and R. H.
Middleton, Control of synchronous reluctance machines,
IEEE Trans. Industry Applications, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 11 10-1
122, 1993.
Technical Presentations, Research Reviews, New designs & Developments
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

developed to provide an efficient constant

similar to the traditional salient pole synchronous

d-q equation of synchronous reluctance motor

excitation winding does not exist.

ds = Lls ids + Lmd ids = Lds ids

where Lls - stator leakage inductance

Te = (3/2)(P/2)(ds iqs - qs ids)

The variable in equation (1) will become

constant in steady state .ie., d/dt terms can be

3) Phasor equations for a synchronous relucatnce

(4) Torque expression for constant volt/hertz and

Electromagnetic torque can be expressed in

In small motors the torque/ampere and the

The air gap is small when compared to

COMPARISON WITH OTHER

speed range at constant power, also exceed the

reluctance motor are discussed.

reluctance motor was also discussed.

Technical Presentations, Research Reviews, New designs & Developments

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