Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Media
(a) Off-air recordings programmes recorded from
terrestrial and satellite TV onto DVD or video. Include title,
year, format, channel and date of screening
Seven man made wonders. (2006). [DVD off-air].
BBC1. 12 February.
(b) Training and commercial programmes
Referencing
a quick guide
9522 - 10/06
Introduction
This leaflet sets out Learning and IT Services (LITS)
recommended practice for referencing and bibliographies,
according to the Harvard Method. It is based on
guidance from a range of British and international
standards. More extensive information can be found on the
student portal by searching for referencing.
Accurate and consistent referencing is essential in all
academic work. Whenever you refer to either the work or
ideas of someone, or are influenced by anothers work, you
must acknowledge this. If you make a direct quotation
from someones work, this should be referred to
accurately. You should acknowledge your source in two
places
Citing references
Referring to someone elses work or ideas in the text of
your own work is known as citing. This should be
acknowledged by quoting both the authors last name
(family name) and the date of the work in brackets.
In a recent study (Gibbs 1992), it is argued
This leads the reader to the bibliography, where the full
reference appears. This is located at the end of your work.
If the authors name occurs naturally in the sentence, the
year only is given in brackets.
Gibbs (1992) believes students are active
Page numbers should be included for direct quotations or
reference to a particular part of an item.
Books
The main elements you need are author(s), year, title,
edition (other than first edition), place of publication (if
required) and publisher. You will usually find the relevant
information on the books title page and back of the
title page. The reference should be as follows:
CHAPPELL, David and WILLIS, Andrew (2005). The
architect in practice. 9th ed., Oxford, Blackwell.
Electronic sources
Referencing electronic sources can be difficult. Look for
and provide as much of the information recommended as
possible. It is important to include the format of the
material, eg [online], the date you accessed the material
and location, eg URL. A website can be updated at any
time so you need to indicate exactly when you used it.
(a) Electronic books