Alstom Digicode - Maintenance Handbook On Audio Frequency Track Circuit Ver2

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MAINTENANCE HANDBOOK ON
AUDIO FREQUENCY TRACK CIRCUIT
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CAMTECH/S/PROJ/2013-14/HB-AFTC.2.0
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MAY 2013
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MAHARAJPUR, GWALIOR 474 005
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FOREWORD
Track circuits detect presence of train vehicles on different portions of track and
hence play a vital role in signalling. Audio Frequency Track Circuit is one of such types
which has its own advantages. Audio Frequency Track Circuits have been installed on
various stations as well as sections of Indian Railways including Intermediate Block
Signalling and Automatic Signalling sections.
CAMTECH is continuously making efforts in documentation and upgradation of
information on advanced maintenance practices. This handbook prepared on the
subject is a step further in this direction. I hope that this handbook will be helpful for the
signal maintenance personnel in updating their knowledge and maintaining the system.
CAMTECH Gwalior
Date:
A.R.Tupe
Executive Director
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PREFACE
The joint-less Audio Frequency Track Circuits have several advantages over
conventional track circuits and these are unaffected by the interference due to traction
harmonics in electrified area. AFTCs have applications in straight sections and point
zones of Station area as well as in proving of Block section including Automatic
Signalling section.
This handbook has been prepared to help the field personnel in efficiently
maintaining Audio Frequency Track Circuits installed in their section. Apart from general
overview, installation guidelines, maintenance instructions and dos & donts the
handbook also covers sections containing information on AFTCs of RDSO approved
manufacturers.
It is clarified that this handbook does not supersede any existing provisions laid
down in Signal Engineering Manual, Railway Board publications and RDSO
publications. This handbook is not statutory and instructions given in it are for the
purpose of guidance only.
We are sincerely thankful to Shri Nirala Katiyar, Sr.D.S.T.E./Sig/New Delhi/Northern
Railway., M/s Alstom, M/s Siemens, M/s Bombardier, M/s Ansaldo and field personnel
who helped us in preparation of the handbook.
Since technological upgradation and learning is a continuous process, you may feel
the need for some addition/modification in this handbook. If so, please feel free to give
your comments on email address dirsntcamtech@gmail.com or write to us at Indian
Railways Centre for Advanced Maintenance Technology, In front of Adityaz Hotel,
Airport Road, Maharajpur, Gwalior (M.P.) 474005.
CAMTECH Gwalior
Date:
D.K.M.Yadav
Jt .Director (S&T)
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CONTENTS
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Description
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Foreword
Preface
Contents
Correction Slip
Disclaimer
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
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1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
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Audio frequency track circuit

Introduction
Advantages
Main modules
Functions of various modules
Electrical Separation Joint
(ESJ)
Overlap Zone
Classification of AFTC
Configurations of AFTC
Principle of working
RDSO approved firms
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Installation
Introduction
General installation guidelines
Traction return and crossbonding at termination of AFTC
Preparation of Frequency
allocation plan
Preparation of Cable Core plan
Testing of Cables
Indoor installation
Outdoor installation
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ABB T1-21 Audio Frequency

Track Circuit
Introduction
System Composition
Frequency allocation plan
Technical data
Cabling scheme
Installation guidelines
Testing and commissioning
Page No.
Section
II
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
III
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
Adjustment of AFTC equipment
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IV
VI
VIII
X
XII
1
1
1
2
3
4
4
5
5
6
1
1
2
4
4
4
4
5
1
1
3
3
4
4
5
7
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4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
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5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
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Maintenance & Inspections

Fault diagnosis and rectification
Tools/Equipments required
Siemens FTG-S Remote- fed,
Coded Audio frequency track
circuit
Introduction
Classification
Technical data
System composition
Cabling scheme
Track side connections
Frequency and data coding
allocation
Frequency and bit pattern
(Data) coding plugs
Recording of parameters
Maintenance
Standard looping and gain
setting
Tools and measuring
equipment
Fault diagnosis /LED indicator
combinations
Alstom DIGI CODE Audio
Frequency Track Circuit
Introduction
Classification
System description
Cabling scheme
Technical data
Cards information
LED indications and testing
points
Maintenance
Fault diagnosis
Tool kit
Troubleshooting Flowcharts
Fault diagnosis /LED indicator
combinations
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8
8
9
1
2
2
3
7
7
9
9
10
10
12
13
14-17
1
1
2
4
4
5
6
9
11
12
14-15
16-21
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Description
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
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Ansaldo
UM71
Audio
Frequency Track Circuit
Introduction
System composition
Cabling scheme
Technical data
Gain setting
Maintenance
7.1
7.2
7.3
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Preventive Maintenance
Maintenance checks
Testing with external shunt
Precautions during
maintenance
8.1
8.2
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Dos & Donts

Dos
Donts
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Frequently Asked Questions
Annex. I
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Abbreviations
Annex. II
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References
Section
VI
VII
VIII
IX
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Page No.
1
1
5
5
6
9
1
2
3
1
1
1-2
ISSUE OF CORRECTION SLIPS
The correction slips to be issued in future for this handbook will be numbered as follows:
CAMTECH/S/PROJ/2013-14/HB-AFTC/2.0# XX date .......
Where XX is the serial number of the concerned correction slip (starting from 01 onwards).
CORRECTION SLIPS ISSUED
Sr. No. of
Correction
Date of
issue
Page no. and Item No.

modified
Slip
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Remarks
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DISCLAIMER
Itisclarifiedthattheinformationgiveninthishandbookdoesnotsupersedeany
existingprovisionslaiddownintheSignalEngineeringManual,RailwayBoardand
RDSO publications. This document is not statuary and instructions given are for
thepurposeofguidanceonly.Ifatanypointcontradictionisobserved,thenSEM,
Railway Board/RDSO guidelines may be referred or prevalent Zonal Railways
instructionsmaybefollowed.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------If you have any suggestion & any specific comments, please write to us:
Contact person
Director (Signal & Telecommunication)
Postal Address
Centre for Advanced Maintenance Technology, Maharajpur,

Gwalior (M.P.) Pin Code 474 005
Phone
0751 - 2470185
Fax
0751 2470841
Email
dirsntcamtech@gmail.com
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CAMTECH/S/Proj/2013-14/HB-AFTC/2. 0
Section I
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1.1 ifjp; Introduction
Conventional Track circuits have been found to be affected by the high levels of
interference due to traction harmonics present in AC or DC electrified areas. The jointless Audio Frequency Track Circuit (AFTC) is the solution in such sections since they
are immune to above interferences. The AFTC works with modulated signal in audio
frequency range and its extremities are defined electrically by the use of tuned circuit
techniques. AFTC conforms to IRS specification no.RDSO/SPN/146/2001.
1.2 ykHk Advantages
AFTC can be universally used in AC, DC and Non-RE sections.
Electrical separation joints define AFTC geographical boundaries.
No insulation joint is required except in point zone where adjacent AFTC is from
different manufacturer or type of track circuit changes. Thus dependency on other
departments is minimized.
AFTC has built-in time delay for picking up its relay hence separate slow to pick
up TPR is not required.
Not affected by harmonics generated by Thyristor controlled locomotives as it

uses FSK/MSK principle for signal transmission.
Both rails are available for traction return current.
Suitable for longer length track circuits.
Suitable for IB and Automatic Signalling section.

Added safety with modulation (coding).
Remote feeding upto 3 km possible.
1.3 eq[; Hkkx Main modules

The Audio Frequency Track Circuit system consists of following modules:
Table I
Section I Audio Frequency Track Circuit

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May 2013
Sr.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Description
Location
Transmitter (Tx)
Receiver (Rx)
Trackside Tuning Units (TU)
Power Supply unit
Output relay
Leads/Connections and fastening to rails
Rail Bonds
Surge arrester
1 No.
1 No.
2 Nos., one at Tx end and other at Rx end
2 Nos., one at Tx end and other at Rx end
1 No., at Rx end
At both ends
At both ends
2 Nos., one for each tuning unit.
1.4 fofHkUu Hkkxksa ds dk;Z Functions of various modules

(a) Transmitter (Tx)
Transmitter generates and modulates audio frequency according to a scheme planned
along with the receiver.
(b) Track Tuning Unit (TTU)
The electrical separation of adjacent track circuits is obtained by tuning a short length
of track (about 20 metres) using tuning units. Each tuning unit offers low impedance
to the frequency of adjacent track circuit and prevents its influence.
(c) End Termination Unit (ETU)
It is used at the start and the end of section provided with AFTC. It is also used in
place of TTU for Centre fed arrangement or when the adjacent track circuit is of other
type or of different manufacturer. An insulated rail joint is normally provided beyond
the ETU within one metre.
(d) Receiver (Rx)
The receiver receives the correct track circuit signal via tuning unit and recognizes it
in quality (modulation or bit pattern) and in quantity (level or amplitude) and operates
the output relay accordingly. More than one receiver may be required for point zone
track circuit.
(e) Power Supply Unit
A common power supply unit generally feeds Transmitter and Receiver of two
adjacent AF Track Circuits. [Input230V/110V (nominal) 50 Hz 2.5 Hz single-phase
AC and gives output of 24 V DC]
(f) Leads/Connections and fastening to rails
For connecting Track Tuning Unit with Tx or Rx, Signalling cable or 6 quad cable
(0.9 sq.mm dia) is used. For connection of Tuning Unit to track, thick cable of 25
sq.mm dia. conductor (Aluminium or Copper) is used.
(g) Rail Bonds
Imbalance in traction return current associated with rails in both 25 KV AC traction
and 1500 V DC traction may cause damage to the AFTC equipment. To avoid this
different types of bonds are provided depending upon the configuration of AFTC.

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May 2013
(i) S bonds
These are used in straight track circuit between two consecutive AFTCs of same
manufacturer. This consists of two semi-loops each delimited between its centre tap
and its connection point to the rail. The farther semi-loop of the S-bond is tuned to the
operating frequency of track circuit.
The other semi-loop is tuned to the
operating frequency of neighbouring
track circuit. An axle standing on the
S-bond occupies both the near and
advance track circuits thus causing
overlapping of the two track circuits so
that there is no detection gap.
Fig.1.1 (a): S bond
(ii) End bonds or Alpha bonds (Termination bonds)
These are used in the end of the track circuit
as terminal bond. These are provided along
with insulation joint for separating AFTC
with other type of track circuit
(Conventional DC/AC track circuit) or
AFTC of other manufacturer. For traction
return current the center of alpha bond to be
connected to next DC/AC track circuit or
AFTC of other make.
Fig.1.1 (b): Alpha bond
(iii)Shunt bonds
These are provided at the termination of
AFTC whose adjacent section is non-track
circuited (End of AFTC).
Only insulation joints are provided for
separating two AFTCs in point zone track
circuits, if enough space is not available. Sbonds can be provided if enough space is
available.
Fig.1.1 (c): Shunt bonds
(h)Relay
Relay used shall be DC neutral line relay conforming to either specification no BRS
930A or K-50 type depending upon design.
(i)Surge arrester
The equipment is suitably protected against atmospheric voltage surges by provision
of surge arrestor between tuning unit and Transmitter/Receiver in order to limit the
harmful effects of lightning.
1.5 bySDVhdy lsijsku TokbZaV Electrical Separation Joint (ESJ)
Electrical isolation between two adjacent AFTCs consists of a rail bond and a tuning
unit. The tuning unit is located in the trackside connection box and used to tune the
electrical joint to the relevant track circuit frequency.

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May 2013
In the Fig.1.2 below, TU of

frequency
f3
offers
high
impedance to its own track
circuit frequency f3 and low
impedance (zero) to the adjacent
track circuit frequency f5 and
vice-versa.
Thus electrical isolation is
formed between these two track
circuits.
Fig.1.2: Electrical Separation Joint

Tuned Zone
The tuned zone comprises a measured length of track which is used for forming ESJ.
1.6 vksojySi tksu Overlap Zone
Overlap zone is the portion of tuned zone in which both the AFTC Relays drop when
it is shunted by 0.15 Ohms resistance.
Examples are given below.
Fig. 1.3 : Two adjacent AFTCs DT1 & DT2

A =Non-shunting zone of track circuit DT-2
B = Non-shunting zone of track circuit DT-1
C = Shunting zone of track circuit DT-1 and DT-2(Overlap zone)
1.7 ,,QVhlh dk oxhZdj.k Classification of AFTC
(a)As per type of modulating signal
(i)Non-coded
In this type of AFTC, the modulating signal is not coded.
(ii)Coded
In this type of AFTC, the modulating signal is bit coded with digital message.
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May 2013
As bit coding of modulating signal enhances the safety, coded type track circuits are
preferred over the non-coded type.
(b)As per feeding arrangement
(i)Locally fed
In this arrangement, Tx, Rx, Power supplies to Tx and Rx and relay are kept in
trackside location boxes. Track repeater relay is only kept at relay room.
(ii)Remote fed
In this arrangement, Tx, Rx, Power supplies to Tx and Rx and relay, all equipments
are kept centrally in AFTC room, while tuning units are kept in trackside location
boxes.
1.8
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AFTC can be configured in two ways
(i) End fed
In this configuration, Transmitter is provided at one end and Receiver is provided at
the other end.
(i)Centre fed
Centre fed arrangement is provided when longer length of track circuit is used say
beyond 900 mtrs. Tx is provided at the centre of the track circuit, while Rx is installed
at both the ends of the track circuit.
1.9 dk;Z ds fl/kkar Principle of working

AFTC works on Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) technique, where the carrier
frequency is shifted between two frequencies close to each other.
The basic carrier frequency (Audio Frequency) and the modulating frequency are
generated by the Transmitter.
Carrier frequency and the modulating signal (Digital data) are fed to the FSK
modulator which generates output of higher frequencies and lower frequencies with
reference to modulating (Digital data) signal.
The modulated output signal after amplification and filtering is fed to the track
through tuning unit which forms a resonant R-L-C circuit along with connected rails
and bonds for the corresponding frequency band.
Audio Frequency voltage (AC) is fed to the track and a portion of track thus tuned to
a frequency receives maximum power from transmitter.
The signal transmitted through the rails is received by the receiver unit.
The receiver is tuned to the corresponding frequency through tuning unit.
The resonant R-L-C circuit formed by rails, bonds and tuning unit delivers maximum
power to the receiver.
The output from tuning unit is extended to a relay driver after amplification, filtering
and demodulation in the receiver.
The output of relay drive operates a 50 volt line relay conforming to BRS 930A or K50 relay when voltage with sufficient amplitude within prescribed frequency range is
received.

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May 2013
The basic carrier frequency for each track circuit in a station shall be different from
adjacent track circuit to avoid mutual interference.
Fig.1.4: Block diagram for AFTC

1.10 vkjMh,lvks }kjk vuqeksfnr QesZa RDSO approved firms
Following are the RDSO approved firms for the manufacture, supply and installation of
AFTC on Indian Railways:
(i) For Coded type
1. M/s Alstom Projects India Ltd.., No.63, Trichy Road, Kannamapalayam Post,
Coimbatore -641 402.
2. M/s Siemens Ltd., Mobility Division, R&D and Technology Centre, Kalwa Works,
Thane-Belapur Road, Airoli Node, Navi Mumbai 400 708.
(ii) For Non-coded type
1. M/s Bombardier Transportation India Ltd., Bombardier House, Race Course Circle,
Vadodara 390 007.
2. M/s Ansaldo STS Transportation Systems India Pvt. Ltd., 35, SLV Complex, AVS
Compound, 80 feet Road, Koramangla, IV Block, Bangalore 560 034.


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May 2013
Section II
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INSTALLATION
2.1 Ikfjp; Introduction
In this section, installation guidelines which are common to all types of AFTC have been
given. If there is any deviation for AFTC of a particular manufacturer, the same have
been given separately in the respective section.
2.2 laLFkkiu gsrq lkekU; vuqnsk General installation guidelines
Installation of AFTC is to be done as per installation manual of OEM (Original
Equipment Manufacturer) by qualified engineers of OEM or approved agency.
Safety tests as specified by the manufacturers like Directionality test for S bonds,
Interference test, TSR tests and proper track circuit adjustment should invariably be
ensured and recorded before commissioning.
Provision of liners and pads under both the rails, proper drainage to avoid water logging
in the track, clearance of foot of the rails from ballast etc. are to be ensured.
As AFTC is inherently a double rail track circuit, it is recommended that bonding
practice should be adopted as per provisions of ACTM for Double Rail track circuits.
Tuning zone must not contain check / guard rails, level crossing, catch point / expansion
joint, TPWS (or AWS) track equipment, impedance bonds, old bypassed insulated rail
joints and structure bond / cross bond.
Maximum permissible cable lengths between Transmitter (TX) & its TU (Tuning Unit)
and Receiver (Rx) & its TU with 0.9 mm dia. copper conductor of quad cable shall be
within specified limits as per the technical and installation manuals of AFTC.
TX and Rx of same track circuits should not run in one cable. Receivers of different track
circuits having same frequency should not run in one cable. Similarly, Transmitters of
different track circuits having same frequency should not run in one cable.
Cable compensating resistance, line matching unit, end terminating unit, approved type
equi-potential /S / Alpha/ Shunt bond etc. shall be used as applicable.
As design of AFTC is specific to make, it would be preferable not to install variety of
AFTCs in a section from maintenance point of view.
At boundary of AFTC of one make with another make or DC track circuit, specified
arrangement as per AFTCs technical and installation manuals should be provided and
continuity of traction return current path should be ensured and strengthened. General
guidelines in this regards are given in para 2.3 below.
Section II Installation
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2.3 ,,QVhlh dh lhek ij VSDku fjVuZ rFkk kWflax ckWf.Mx Traction return and crossbonding at termination of AFTC
2.3.1Termination with non-track circuited portion
A shunt bond is provided at the termination.
Fig2.1: Termination of AFTC with non-track circuited portion

2.3.2 DC Traction Area
(a) Termination with conventional AC Track Circuit
A pair of insulation joints and impedance bond at the termination are provided.
Fig.2.2: Termination with conventional AC Track Circuit

(b) Termination with AFTC of other manufacturer
A pair of insulation joints and back to back alpha bonds at the termination are
provided.
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May 2013
Fig.2.3: Termination with AFTC of other manufacturer

(c) Return path of sub-station and parallel tracks
The traction return path is provided through DC impedance bond of suitable
capacity. Connection either to power substation or to parallel tracks is realized
through the center tap of impedance bonds.
Fig.2.4: Return path of sub-station and parallel tracks

2.3.3 AC Traction Area
(a) Termination with conventional DC Track Circuit
A pair of insulation joints are provided at the termination and the traction return
path is provided through Terminal bonds shown in Fig. below.:
Fig.2.5: Termination with conventional DC Track Circuit

(b) Termination with AFTC of other manufacturer
A pair of insulation joints and back to back Alpha bonds are provided.
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Fig.2.6: Termination with AFTC of other manufacturer

Note: The traction return path is provided through centre tap of terminal (Alpha) bonds.
2.4 hDoaslh vyksdsku Iyku rS;kj djuk Preparation of Frequency allocation plan
The railway has to prepare frequency allocation plan and installation plans jointly with
the OEM.
The Frequency allocation plan is based on the approved Interlocking Plan (I.P.) and lists
out Frequency distribution, Track Circuit name, Track Circuit Length, Bit code (For
coded type AFTC) and Electric Joint layout.
AFTCs of different frequencies are to be installed alternatively as per Frequency
allocation plan.
2.5 dscy dksj Iyku rS;kj djuk Preparation of Cable Core plan
The Cable Core Plan lists out Quad cable distribution from Relay Room to Outdoor
equipment.
Separate quad cable should be used for Transmitter & Receiver irrespective of main and
tail cable.
Armours of each quad cable to be earthed at location boxes and at the tuning unit.
2.6 dscyksa dk ifj{k.k Testing of Cables
Minimum Insulation resistance between each pair at CT Rack should be more than 10
mega Ohms/Km. Loop resistance of each pair should be recorded and maintained
separately. It shall be maximum resistance of 56 Ohm/Km at 20 deg C.
2.7
vkarfjd laLFkkiu Indoor installation

Indoor Installation mainly involves erection of main rack and configuration of sub
assembly in the main rack.
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May 2013
Fig. 2.7: A typical AFTC indoor wiring plan

Erection of Main Equipment rack.
Rack Arrangement Plan: It describes AFTC equipment rack arrangement with
Track Circuit distribution in each rack.
Assembly of Sub-rack in the main rack based on Rack Arrangement Plan.
Power Wiring
Relay Wiring
Earthing & Surge protection
Note: If Tx, Rx and Power Supply units are installed in outdoor location box, then only
relay wiring is required in cabin/relay room.
2.8 ckgjh laLFkkiu Outdoor installation
Outdoor Installation mainly involves following items
Laying of Quad cable.

Erection of Tuning Units.
Laying of electric joint and completing the TU to Rail connections.
Assembly of Tuning Unit in the Mounting stand
Connection between TU and rails. Copper bush to be riveted in the rails before
making connection with rails.
Cable Wiring.
Finally the Tuning to be done in Tuning Units.
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May 2013
Fig. 2.8: A typical AFTC outdoor plan

2.8.1 Connection of 25 sq. mm copper cable from TU to rail
For connecting 25 sq. mm Copper cable to rail web:
Drill a hole of 19 sq. in the rail web.
Insert 12 mm Hex. Head Bolt.
Insert Copper bush and Rivet using Hydraulic tool.
Insert 25 Sq.mm Lug for connecting the cable.
Tighten with washers and nuts as shown in Fig. below
Fig.2.9: 25 sq. mm copper cable with lug
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Fig 2.10.: Arrangement for connection of 25 sq. mm copper cable to rail
2.8.2 Connection of Electric joint to rail

For connection of electric joint (S-bond, Alpha bond or Shunt bonds) to rail web:
Drill a hole of 19 sq. in the rail web.
Insert 12 mm Sq.Head Bolt .
Insert Copper bush and Rivet using Hydraulic tool.
Insert 12 mm Square Head Bolt
Tighten with washers and nuts as shown in Fig. below
Connect the electric joint cable using CAD-weld.
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Fig.2.11: Arrangement for connection of Electric joint cable to rail
Fig.2.12: Connection of Electric joint cable to rail using CAD-Weld

After proper connection, AFTCs should be energized continuously before
commissioning.
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May 2013
Section III
, chch Vh 1&12 vkWfM;ks fDosalh Vsd lfdZV

ABB T1-21
This system is non-coded type and operates on Frequency Shift Principle where the
carrier frequency is shifted between two frequencies close to each other at the rate of
modulating frequency (4.8 Hz). The carrier frequency is shifted by + 17 Hz into two
frequencies at the rate of 4.8 Hz. Both these frequencies are detected independently and a
number of other checks are performed to ensure safety against false operation. This gives
a constant output only when both the frequencies are out of phase by 180 degrees.
There are eight nominal frequencies (A to H) in the range of 1.5 KHz to 2.6 KHz which
are employed to have eight types of track circuits as shown below. Any two types can be
used per track and combination of all eight types can be used for quadruple lines.
Type
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Nominal
Frequency
1699 Hz
2296 Hz
1996 Hz
2593 Hz
1549 Hz
2146 Hz
1848 Hz
2445 Hz
3.2 eq[; Hkkx Composition

The ABB-AFTC consists of
Sr.
Description
Quantity
No.
1.
Transmitter
1
2.
Tuning Unit
3.
End
Termination
Unit
Actual Frequency band

Lower Limit
Upper Limit
1682 Hz
1716 Hz
2279 Hz
2313 Hz
1979 Hz
2013 Hz
2576 Hz
2610 Hz
1566 Hz
1532 Hz
2163 Hz
2129 Hz
1865 Hz
1831 Hz
2462 Hz
2428 Hz
Description
Transmitter is connected to terminals 4 & 5 of TU for
normal power mode and 1 & 2 for low power mode
(short track circuits of 50 to 250 M)
Each TU present offers low impedance to the
frequency of adjacent track circuit and prevents its
influence
In centre fed TC and at the start & end of a section
provided with AFTC. Two types of ETU One with
3 parallel branches of circuits for frequencies A, C, E
& G and other with two branches of circuits, for
frequencies B, D, F & H
Section III - ABB T1-21 AFTC
May 2013
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Sr.
No.
4.
Description
Quantity
Description
Receiver
5.
Power Supply
Unit
Receiver is always connected to terminals 1 & 2 of

TU
A common power supply unit generally feeds two
adjacent AF Track circuits.
6.
Output Relay
50 V 1350 Ohm, DC neutral relay to BRS :930
Fig. 3.1: Transmitter
Fig. 3.2: Receiver
Fig. 3.3: Power Supply Unit
Fig. 3.4: Track Tuning Unit
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3.3 fDosalh ds vkcaVu dh ;kstuk Frequency allocation plan

Before installation of AFTC, a frequency allocation plan has to be prepared. In T1-21
type of AFTC there are eight operating frequencies. The allocation of frequencies is done
as under:
A&B paired frequencies for first line
C&D paired frequencies for second line
E&F paired frequencies for third line
G&H paired frequencies for fourth line
For more than four tracks the above sequence is repeated. There should be minimum
separation of two lines, between track circuits of same frequency pair. On a continuously
welded track (CWR/LWR), only one pair of the frequency should be used on any track,
i.e. A/B, C/D, E/F or G/H. However, where insulated Rail joints are used, any
combination of frequencies may be used.
3.4 rdfudh vkadMs Technical data
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10
.
11
.
12
.
110 V AC 50 Hz
5-0-95-105-115 V
22.5 to 30.5 VDC
4.4 A (Max.)
3V peak to peak
Track
Low mode 50-250 meters
Circuit
Normal mode 200-650 meters
length
(b) Centre fed
450-1200 meters
Minimum ballast resistance
2 Ohm/Km
Minimum Train Shunt Resistance
0.5 Ohm (outside tuned area)
0.15 Ohm (inside tuned area)
Boundary of track circuit
+/- 5 metres (max.) (from centre of tuned area)
Length of electrical separation joint
18.0 22.0 metres
Output relay
50 V/1350 Ohm, DC neutral relay to BRS:930
Current consumption of 24 V DC side Transmitter
2.2 A (Max.)
Receiver
0.5 A (Max.)
Transmitter power output (Max.)
Low mode
3W
Normal mode
40 W
Maximum length of connecting cable (a) Transmitter & feed 30 metres
between
end tuning unit
(b) Receiver & Receiver 350 metres
end tuning unit
Receiver output
40 65 V DC
Power
Supply
Unit
Input (Nominal)
Input tappings
Output voltage
Output current
Ripple
(a) End fed
Maximum length of cable (19/1.8 Sq. Long cable

mm Al.) between the tuning unit and Short cable
track.
3.25 M
1.45 M
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3.5 dscy fcNkus dh ;kstuk Cabling scheme

From cabin/relay room to outdoor location box - Quad cable - 0.9 mm dia
From outdoor location box (Tx or Rx) to Tuning Unit 36/0.3 mm twin copper cable.
Lead wires from Tuning Unit to rail - 19/1.8 mm Aluminium cable using stainless steel
nuts and bolts of M10 X L40 size and copper tinned lug of 96 sq.mm, M10 round type
shall be used.
3.6 laLFkkiu gsrq funsZk Installation guidelines
AFTC of different frequencies are installed alternatively as per frequency allocation plan.
The units of the same frequency may be housed in the same location provided they are
fed from separate power supply units.
Tx, Rx, Power Supply Unit, Lightning arrestor and Relay should be fixed in a half/Full
sized location box near the track as close as possible to the Tuning unit.
The tuning unit should be fixed inside ME box, which can be mounted on stakes
supported by a concrete foundation as close to rail as possible.
All the rails, except those having
switch expansion joints and joints
inside tuned area, in a track
circuited
portion
shall
be
longitudinally bonded with the
help of two 8 SWG GI wire.
For bonding switch expansion
joints and joints inside the tuned
area 19/1.8 mm Aluminium cable
using stainless steel nuts and bolts
of M10 X L40 size and copper
tinned lug of 96 sq. mm, M10
round type shall be used.
Fig.3.5: Installation of Tuning Unit
Fig.3.6: (a) Fixing arrangements (b) Channel pin used for connecting lead wire
Power supply unit can be used to supply any combination of Tx and Rx provided its 4.4
Amp. rating is not exceeded and all Tx & Rx frequencies are different.
On TU the Receiver is always connected to the terminal 1and 2, and the Transmitter is
connected to the terminal 4 and 5. Terminal 3 must be earthed.
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3.7 ifj{k.k ,oa dk;kZfUor djuk Testing and Commissioning

Before commissioning, certain parameters are required to be checked using a special
measuring instrument called Frequency Selective Meter (FSM) as shown below:
Fig.3.7: Frequency Selective Test Meter

3.7.1 Transmitter/Receiver Input Voltage/Current
Check Tx and Rx input supply voltage and current between terminals B24 and N24 of Tx
and Rx. The voltage and current should be as below:
Description
Transmitter
Low mode
Current
Voltage
(DC)
Mi Max Min. Max.
n.
.
0.2 0.4 22.5 30.5
A
A
A
A
Normal mode 1.3

A
2.2
A
22.5
A
30.5
A
Fig.3.8: Measurement of Tx input voltage

3.7.2 Transmitter output and Transmitter Tuning Unit Input Voltage
Check Tx output voltage at OP1 and OP2 and tuning unit input voltage at terminals
1&2/4&5 for low and normal mode respectively, using frequency selective meter unit.
The voltages should be as shown in Fig.3.9.
Short Mod terminal with B24 and N24 of transmitter respectively and check upper and
lower limits of carrier frequencies which should be as Track circuit frequencies.
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Type
Transmitter
Min.
10 V
AC
Max.
11 V
AC
Tx. Tuning
Unit
Input
Voltage
Min. Max.
08 V 11 V
AC
AC
15 V
AC
16 V
AC
13 V
AC
Output Voltage
A,C, E &G
B,D,F&H
16 V
AC
Fig.3.9: Measurement of Tx output voltage
3.7.3 Transmitter and Receiver end Rail Voltage

Check the Tx and Rx end rail voltage at terminals T1 and T2 of the respective tuning
unit, by using frequency selective meter unit. Voltage should be as below:
Type of equipment
A,C,E &G
Max.
Min.
Description
Min.
Transmitter
Low mode
Normal mode
Receiver
Low mode
Normal mode
B,D,E &H
Max.
0.8 V AC
4.5 V AC
1.7 V AC
5.3 V AC
0.8 V AC
5.8 V AC
1.7 V AC
6.6 V AC
0.5 V AC
0.4 V AC
0.9 V AC
1.6 V AC
0.5 V AC
0.4 V AC
0.9 V AC
1.6 V AC
3.7.4 Transmitter/Receiver end Rail Voltage at companion tuning units

Check Tx and Rx end companion tuning unit voltages at terminals T1 and T2, using
frequency selective meter unit. AC voltage should be as below:
Description
Transmitter
Low mode
Normal mode
Receiver
Low mode
Normal mode
Type of equipment
A,C,E &G
Min.
Max.
B,D,E &H
Min.
Max.
70 mV
375 mV
140 mV
440 mV
0.8 V AC
5.8 V AC
1.7 V AC
6.6 V AC
40 mV
30 mV
75 mV
130 mV
25 mV
20 mV
50 mV
90 mV
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3.7.5 Receiver input current from Tuning Unit
Measure the voltage across 1 ohm resistor
connected in series with input of Rx.
Fig.3.10: Measurement of Rx
input current from TU
3.7.6 Receiver output relay voltage

Specified range
40 V to 65 V DC when relay is connected
120 V DC when relay is disconnected
3.8 ,,QVhlh midj.kks dk lek;kstu Adjustment of AFTC equipment
After ensuring that the equipment has been installed and connected properly, set the
power supply input tapping to match the 110 V AC and adjust the receiver gain as below:
3.8.1 Receiver gain table
Track Circuit length (in metres)
Normal mode
Low mode
Min.
--200
240
300
360
415
475
535
595
655
710
770
Max.
--240
300
360
415
475
535
595
655
710
770
1000
Min.
---50
90
110
140
170
200
230
----
Max.
---90
110
140
170
200
230
250
----
Input wiring & Pick up current

Pick up
Inputs
Loop
current
1
2
1
195 mA
1H
1L
98 mA
1L
3L
1H-3H
65 mA
3H
3L
49 mA
1H
3I
1L-3H
39 mA
1L
9L
1H-3L
33 mA
3L
9L
3H-9H
28 mA
1H
9L
1L-3L
24 mA
1L
9L
1H-9H
22 mA
9H
9L
20 mA
1H
9L
1L-9H
18 mA
1L
9L
1H-3H
16 mA
3H
9L
3L-9H
15 mA
1H
9L
1L-3H
Loop
2
3H-9H
3H-9H
3L-9H
3L-9H
3.8.2 Procedure
(i) Put Tx on Normal mode
Make proper communication arrangements between both ends.
Connect 1 ohm Train Shunt Resistance (TSR) across rails at receiver end Tuning Unit
(TU) and gradually go on reducing the gain till the relay drops.
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Gain
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Now increase the TSR to 1.1 Ohm, the relay should normally pickup. If it does not, then
repeat the process with a TSR 1.2 and 1.3 Ohms.
If the relay is still de-energised, increase the gain. Relay should now pick up.
Reduce the TSR in steps of 0.1 Ohms. The relay must definitely drop out for TSR greater
than or equal to 0.8 Ohms.
(ii) Put Tx on Low mode
Connect 1.5 Ohm TSR across Rails at Rx End Tuning Unit connections. Go on reducing
the gain setting unless the relay drops.
Now increase the TSR to 1.6 Ohm, the relay should pick up. If the relay does not pickup,
repeat step 1 & 2 for TSR of 1.7 Ohms and 1.8 Ohms.
Increase the gain if relay is still de-energised, now the relay should pick up.
Reduce the TSR in steps of 0.1 Ohm. The relay should definitely drop out for TSR
greater than or equal to 1.3 Ohm.
3.9 vuqj{k.k rFkk fujh{k.k Maintenance & Inspections
(i) Fortnightly
Ensure that the Singing Noise produced by the equipment is present.
Measure the power supply output voltage and current.
Measure the Transmitter output voltage.
Measure the Reciever input current, if any adjustment is needed same shall be done as per
para
Measure the relay voltage.
Inspect the track circuit connection with the rails and interconnections between power
supply units, Tx, TUs, Rx and relay. Ensure that these are in order.
Conduct shunt drop test with TSR of 0.5 Ohm outside the tuned area and 0.15 Ohm
inside the tuned area.
Note: Switch OFF the companion Tx sharing the tuned area under test, by removing fuse
while measuring current/voltage of the equipment.
(ii) Quarterly
Check all nuts and bolts of tuning unit terminals and rail connection and ensure that these
are fully tight.
Check rail bonds.
Check the lightning arrestor and its connection.
Check the earthing of the equipment.
Check the Transmitter upper and lower carrier frequencies.
3.10 =qfV ds y{k.k rFkk fuokj.k Fault diagnosis and rectification
On failing both adjoining track circuits together, check power supplies, TU or
interconnections.
Always start checking from Tx end. Before starting a test, check TU to rail and
impedance bond to rail connections.
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(i) Transmitter end

Check Singing noise produced by Tx and TU. If it is available then check Rail to Rail
voltage at Tx end.
Connect a 0.5 Ohm TSR across the feed end TU rail connections. If rail to rail voltage is
reduced by 50% (approx.) then Tx end is OK.
Check 24 V DC power supply and current to Tx and the Transmitter output voltage. If
reading shows deviation from normal limit, the power supply unit, Tx or TU may be
faulty.
For integrity of interconnections, check I/P and O/P voltage of TU.
If rail to rail voltage is not within normal limits, either TU or the rail connections may be
faulty.
If the Companion TU voltage is not within normal limit, Companion TU is faulty. In that
case when T1 and T2 terminals of companion TU are shorted, the rail to rail voltage at
the TU of the failed track circuit becomes OK.
If Tx side is OK, patrol along the track checking bonds and insulation pads and metal
burrs etc.
(ii) Receiver end
If voltage at Rx TU unit rail connections is low, either TU or connection has failed.
If voltage at Companion TU is not within limit, it will be faulty. In that case if the rail to
rail voltage at the TU of failed track circuit becomes OK when T1 and T2 terminals of
Companion TU are shorted.
If Rx input current is very less than operation current (15 mA), then the Rx TU is faulty.
If Rx O/P is very less with a good power supply, change Rx.
Check relay connections and the voltage on coil terminals, if not adequate change the
relay.
3.11 vko';d vkStkj @ midj.k Tools/Equipments required
Frequency Selective Meter Unit (FSMU)
Multi Meter (Capacity -10 Amp.)
Frequency Meter (0.1 Hz 10 KHz)
Shunt Resistance Box (0-2 Ohm in steps of 0.1 Ohm)
Box and Flat Spanners of different size (M5, M8 & M10)
Screw driver.
Crimping tool
May 2013
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Section IV
lhesal ,QVhth ,l fjeksV QsM dksMsM vkWfM;ks fDosalh Vsd lfdZV

SIEMENS FTG-S REMOTE- FED, CODED
FTGS is a remote fed AFTC with a frequency modulated AC voltage in which data is
coded into bits of odd and even streams. Audio frequency modulated (AC Voltage) and
coded signals generated by the transmitter card are fed to the feed end track through a
tuning unit and received at the receiver end tuning unit through rails. From receiver end
T.U. the signals are sent to the receiver card provided in the cabin through telecom
cables. Here the signals are demodulated and evaluated in two separate channels for
redundancy. If the codes of received signal match with the preset code, two track relays,
connected at the end of the channels in relay card (GF1, GF2) pick up. When the
transmitted signal voltages get shunted through the vehicle axle, the two track relays
(GF1,GF2) drop. Various LED indications are provided on each card to facilitate failure
detection. Various testing voltage can be measured at measuring sockets.
Fig.4.1: Schematic diagram for Siemens FTG S AFTC
Section IV Siemens FTG S AFTC
May 2013
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4.2
oxhZdj.k Classification
There are two types of track circuits with twelve operating frequencies and 15 bit
patterns, to be provided within station limits and for outside the station limits.
FTG-S 917
It is for shorter track circuits within station limits. Operates on frequencies 9.5 kHz to
16.5 kHz. i.e. total 8 frequencies with a difference of 1 kHz between consecutive
frequencies. These have following variants:
(i) Standard (ST)(65VA)
(a) End fed (b) Straight line application (c) Lengths up to 350 m.
(ii) Central feed-in (M) (75VA)
(iii) Points (W) (75VA) - For Point zone with one turn out
(iv) Crossing (KR) (85VA) - For Point zone with two turn out or crossing track circuit
Operating frequencies are
f1= 9.5 KHz, f2=10.5 KHz, f3=11.5 KHz, f4=12.5 KHz, f5=13.5 KHz., f6=14.5 KHz,
f7=15.5 KHz, f8=16.5 KHz.
FTG-S 46
These are provided for longer track circuits outside station limits. Operate on frequencies
4.75 to 6.25 kHz i.e. total 4 frequencies with a difference of 0.5 kHz between them.
These have following variants:
(i) Standard Configuration (ST) (80VA)
(a) End fed (b) Straight line application (c) Lengths 350 m to 550 m
(ii) Central feed-in (M) (90VA)
(a) Centre fed (b) Straight line application (c) Lengths 550 m to 1000 m
Operating frequencies are
f9 = 4.75 KHz., f10=5.25 KHz, f11=5.75 KHz, f12=6.25 KHz.
Adjacent sections and sections in parallel tracks are operated with different frequencies to
prevent interaction.

Minimum Ballast Resistance - 1.5 ohms/km (ideal is 2.5 ohms/Km)
Maximum recommended TSR - 0.5 ohms (other than the tuned zone)
Power Supply -(i) 230V AC + 10% -15%, 50Hz. + 2%
Power Consumption:
FTGS - 46
(i) Standard Configuration (ST) - 80VA
(ii) Central feed-in (M) - 90VA
FTGS - 917
(i) Standard (ST) - 65VA
(ii) Central feed-in (M) - 75VA
(iii) Points (W) - 75VA
(iv) Crossing (KR) - 85VA
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Minimum effective length of Track circuit - 30 M.
Maximum effective length as per table below
Table I
Effective ranges for
FTG S 917
Remote
feeding
4.5 Km
4.5 Km
6.5 Km
FTG S 46
Remote
feeding
6.5 Km
Ps
RB=1.5 Ohm X Km
St 917
M 917
<= 1.0 Ohm

<=0.5 Ohm
<= 0.5 Ohm
Ps
300 M
350 M
300 M
ST 46
750 M
850 M
700 M
M 46
<= 0.5 Ohm
600 M
1200 M
Ps = Permissible Train Shunt

RB = Specific Ballast Resistance
W/K = Layout for Points and Crossings
W/K
917
YES
RB= 2.5 Ohm X Km

St 917
M 917
350 M
400 M
330 M
ST 46
950 M
1000 M
850 M
M 46
750 M
1500 M
St = Standard Layout
M = Centre-fed Layout
4.4 iz.kkyh dh jpuk System composition

System consists of indoor equipment and outdoor equipment
4.4.1 Indoor Equipment
It consists of two units - Evaluator and Power Supply Unit.
(a) Evaluator
This consists of a number of PCBs provided in one PCB frame mounted in a rack. In one
rack, upto 10 FTG-S track circuit evaluators can be installed. Each evaluator is provided
with a separate power supply unit. Front plate of the PCBs is equipped with LEDs for
indication of operational data and easy diagnosis of failures. Measuring sockets are
provided on each card to take readings and rectify the failures quickly.
Types of evaluator
FTG S 917 ST Evaluator
FTG S 46 ST Evaluator
FTG S 917 W Evaluator (For Point zone with one turn out)
FTG S 917 KR Evaluator (For Point zone with two turn out or crossing track circuit)
FTG S 46 M
Fig.4.2: FTG S 917 ST Evaluator

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Fig.4.3: FTG S 46 ST Evaluator

Evaluator consists of following plug-in type PCBs
Frequency dependant cards
(i) Amplifier and filter Card (No. S25533-B40 for FTGS 917)
Filter Card (No. S25533 B42 for FTGS 46)
Fig.4.4: Amplifier &

Filter card
Due to the Frequency
Filter in these cards, each
frequency equipment has
its own filter cards.
(ii) Receiver I Card (S25533-B33)
(i) Due to the multi-step input

filters in this card, each
frequency requires its own
special card.
(ii) Each receiver section has
its own set of I L5, II L5, I
L6 and II L6 LEDs.
Fig.4.5: Receiver I Card
May 2013
Click for Contents
Universal Cards
(i) Transmitter Card (No.S25533-B30)
This card can be
used
for
any
frequency/
bit
pattern
just
by
changing
the
frequency
coding
plug (chip)
Fig.4.6: Transmitter
card
(ii) Demodulator Card (No. S25533 -B35)
v) Relay card (Card No. B36 A4)
Fig.4.7: Demodulator Card

This card can be used for any frequency/bit patterns by changing the two nos. of bit
pattern coding plug (chips) on this card.
LEDs I L7 and II L7 of the receiver-2 board S25533-B39-A3 only light up if all L5 and
L6 LEDs of all associated receiver I and demodulator boards for channels I and II are
also on.
May 2013
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(iii) Amplifier Card (No. S 25533-B41 for FTGS 46)
This card can be used for all the frequencies of FTGS 46 type Track Circuits.
(iv) Relay Card (No.S25533-B36)

The relay board has a two-channel structure. Both channels are identical and each has
a K50b metal to metal contact (2NC/2NO) signalling relay as an output relay. It has a
pick up time of 600 milli sec and drop away time of 250 milli sec.
(v) Receiver II Card (Card No. B-39A for straight track)
Two types of cards Receiver cards are available:
No.S25533-B39 Used for Standard (ST) configuration Track Circuits of any
Frequency/Bit pattern.
No. S25533 B34 Used for Point configuration (having Rx1, Rx2) and Centre
Fed (M/W/KR) Track circuits of any Frequency/Bit pattern.
Fig.4.8: Receiver II Card

(vi) Coding board
The coding board S25533-B38-A1-*-4400 is required to program the mounting frames
FTG S 917 W (S25533-C10-A2-*-4400) FTG S 46 M (S25533-C14-A3-*-4400). This
board contains jumpers only.
When using the mounting frames S25533-C10-A2-*- 4400 as a point track circuit or
centre-fed track circuit, one coding board is required.
When using the mounting frames S25533-C10-A2-*- 4400 as a standard track circuit, a
second coding board is required.
When using the mounting frames S25533-C14-A2 or A3 -*- 4400 as a standard track
circuit, one coding board is required.
May 2013
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(vii) Dummy Board

Dependent on the board arrangement, not all the slots in the mounting frames are
equipped with boards. Dummy boards must be used in these gaps as protection against
accidental contact.
(b) Power supply Unit
Each track circuit has its own power supply unit behind the associated mounting
frame at the rear of the rack.
Input voltage
= 110V AC or 220 V AC
Output voltage
= + 5V DC, + 12 V DC
Measuring
sockets
Fig 4.9: Power Supply Unit Front view

4.4.2 dscy fcNkus gsrq ;kstuk Outdoor Equipment
Tuning units in track connection boxes - 2 Nos.
Trackside connection box cables. - for connecting TU to rail.
Rail bonds S-bonds, Shunt bonds, Termination bonds (Alpha bonds)
4.5 dscy fcNkus gsrq ;kstuk Cabling scheme
From cabin to Tuning Unit Star quad cable of 0.9 mm core diameter
From Tuning Unit to rails - Copper ropes of diameter 25 sq mm
Rail bonds (S, Alpha or Shunt) 16 mm dia steel wire ropes
4.6 VSd ls la;kstu Track side connections
Transmitter TU
Cable from Relay room is connected to terminals 11&14.
Track lead wires to rail is connected to terminals 9 & 10.
Receiver TU
Track lead wires from rail is connected to terminals 9 & 10.
Cable to relay room is connected to terminals 15 & 20.
May 2013
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Fig.4.10: TX & Rx Tuning Units in a trackside connection box and termination
Fig. 4.11: Electrical separation joint with S-bond and actual connections at site
May 2013
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4.7 fDosalh o MkVk dksfMax dk vkcaVu Frequency and data coding allocation
For adjacent track circuit, same frequency or the very next frequency should not be
allotted. There should be a separation of at least one frequency with the exception of F8
and F9 since separation between these two frequencies is more. If same frequency is
repeated anywhere in the same yard/centralized place then data must be different for the
other track circuit.
Restrictions
Frequency plan for more than two parallel tracks require interlacing of FTGS 46 and
FTGS 917 AFTCs.
FTGS-917 has limitation of 1 Km for remote feed against 2.9 Km for FTGS - 46 with 0.9
mm dia. copper conductor. For FTGS-917 to work for longer distance, 1.4 mm dia.
copper conductor is required.
AFTC in point zone requires insulation rail joints. FTGS-46 configuration cannot be used
in point zone. FTGS -917 is permitted for point track circuit with two receivers.
4.8
fDosalh rFkk fcV iSVuZ MkVk dksfMax Iyx Frequency and bit pattern (Data) coding
plugs
Different frequency and bit pattern coding plugs are available to select the frequency and
data in the transmitter card and also select the reference data signal in the demodulator
card.
4.8.1Frequency coding plugs for Transmitter board only

The transmitter board must be set to the defined frequency using a plug in accordance
with S25533-A30-A1 to A12 -*- 4400 as given below:
Table II
Variant
Frequency
Coding plug
FTG-S 917
9.5 kHz
S25533 A30 A1 - * - 4400
10.5 kHz
S25533 A30 A2 - * - 4400
11.5 kHz
S25533 A30 A3 - * - 4400
12.5 kHz
S25533 A30 A4 - * - 4400
13.5 kHz
S25533 A30 A5 - * - 4400
14.5 kHz
S25533 A30 A6 - * - 4400
15.5 kHz
S25533 A30 A7 - * - 4400
16.5 kHz
S25533 A30 A8 - * - 4400
FTG S 46
4.75 kHz
S25533 A30 A9 - * - 4400
5.25 kHz
S25533 A30 A10 - * - 4400
5.75 kHz
S25533 A30 A11- * - 4400
6.25 kHz
S25533 A30 A12- * - 4400
4.8.2 Bit pattern coding plug for Transmitter board and Demodulator board only
The predefined bit pattern must be set on the transmitter board using further plug in
accordance with S25533-A30-A22 to A40 -*- 4400. The associated demodulator boards
must each be equipped with two of the same plugs in accordance with S25533-A30A22 to A40 -*- 4400 as given below
May 2013
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10
Table III
Bit
pattern
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
3.2
3.3
3.4
Coding plug
S25533 A30 A22- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A23- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A24- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A25- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A26- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A28- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A29- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A30- * - 4400
Bit
pattern
3.5
4.2
4.3
4.4
5.2
5.3
6.2
Coding plug
S25533 A30 A31- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A33- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A34- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A35- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A37- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A38- * - 4400
S25533 A30 A40- * - 4400
4.9 iSjkehVj ntZ djuk Recording of parameters

The following readings should be taken during periodical maintenance
(a) Power Supply Unit
Input to PSU AC Volts (110 V AC + 15% )
Output of PSU DC Volts (12 V DC + 1 V)
DC Volts (5 V DC + 0.5 V)
(b) Readings at Tx end
Frequency of AFTC KHz
Input to Tuning Unit (Terminal No. 11 & 14) Volts AC (Audio Frequency Voltage)
Output of Tuning Unit (Terminal No. 9 & 10) Volts AC
Voltage across the railsVolts AC
(c) Readings at Rx end
Voltage across the railsVolts AC
Input to Tuning Unit (Terminal No. 9 & 10) Volts AC (Audio Frequency Voltage)
Output of Tuning Unit (Terminal No. 15 & 20) Volts AC.
(d) Readings at Evaluator
For troubleshooting the voltage readings at the power unit and measuring sockets
provided on the evaluator can be taken. The permitted values are given in the table on
next page.
4.10 vuqj{k.k Maintenance
The boards of remote-fed audio frequency coded track circuits do not require any
maintenance, because they do not have any moving parts with wear and tear.
The reliable operation can be ensured by observing precautions and check points as given
in Section VII.
4.10.1 Testing voltages at measuring sockets
For troubleshooting purposes, the voltages at the power unit and measuring sockets of the
major components can be measured. The permitted values are given in the table below:
May 2013
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11
Table IV
Sr.
No.
Card
No.
Description
Socket
No.
Adjuster
range
1.
B40/B41
Amplifier
Input
(Transmitter
output)
1&2
20V AC
2.
B33
I-8 & II-8
20 V DC
3.
B41
12 V Supply
voltage
Amplifier
Output
3.1 & 4.1
200 V AC
4.
B40/B42
Filter Card
3&4
200 V AC
5.
B30 A2
Tx Card
LEDs
6.
B33
Rx I
Input
7.
B33
Rx I CH II II-5 & II- 20V AC

Input
8
8.
B33
9.
B33
10.
B33
11.
B33
12.
B33
13.
B33
14.
B39/34
15.
B39/34
Rx I CH I
Input
Rx I CH II
Input
Rx I CH I
Output
Rx I CH II
Output
Demodulator
Input CH I
Demodulator
Input CH II
Relay
Voltage CH I
Relay
Voltage CH
II
--
CH I I-5 & II-8
I-5 & II-8
20V AC
20V AC
II-5 & II- 20V AC

8
I-6 & II-8 20V DC
II-6 & II8
I-7 & II8
I-7 & II8
I-11 & I12
II-11 &
II-12
20V DC
20/2 V AC
20/2 V AC
20 V DC
20 V DC
Permitted
range
Actual
reading
(Sample
data)
9 V to 12 (11.36
V AC
V)
11 V to 13 (12.3 V)
V DC
60 V to 90 (64.9 V)
V AC
30 V to (73.3 V)
100 V AC
--
(L2 L3)
> 6.5 V AC (9 V )
to < 20 V
AC
> 6.5 V AC (9 V )
to < 20 V
AC
< 5 V AC
(2.16 V )
< 5 V AC
(2.6 V)
12 V to 15
V DC
12 V to 15
V DC
1.3 V to 2
V AC
1.3 V to 2
V AC
16.5 + 1 V
DC
16.5 + 1 V
DC
(14.16
V)
(14.24
V)
(1.73 V)
Remarks
Square wave
voltage
approx.18V
T=1/10= 69 to
210 us
Square wave
voltage
approx.100 to
150V
with
peaks
To
track
(before cable
stabilizing
resistor)
Observe
Flickering
Frequency
Code
With
track
clear
With
clear
With
track
occupied
With
track
occupied
(1.8 V)
(15.7 V)
(15.7 V)
May 2013
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track
12
4.11 Standard looping and gain setting

Voltage adjustment in Rx1 card
Standard input to Rx I card is 0.3 V to 2 V AC. To achieve this, following looping is
done in Rx unit:
3 -11 & 4 -13 Low voltage
3 -12 & 4 - 13 Medium voltage (Normal adjustment)
3 -11 & 4 - 12 High voltage
No voltage adjustment to be done in Transmitter T.U.
Standard looping in Tuning unit
Table V
Type
Looping
FTGS 917 Tx
2 - 8, 7 8
FTGS 917 Tx (without bond)
Remove loop 7- 8, Remove GREY wire from terminal
9 and connect it to terminal 7
FTGS 917 Rx
2 - 8, 6 - 7, 3 - 11, 4 - 13
FTGS 917 Rx (without bond)
Remove loop 6 - 7, Remove GREY wire from terminal
9 and connect it to terminal 7.
FTGS 46 Tx
No looping
FTGS 46 Rx
3-11, 4-13
FTGS 46 Rx
Remove loop 7-9, Remove GREY wire from terminal 9
(without bond) (Centre fed)
and connect it to terminal 7
Gain setting through DIP switches in RX1 card
For gain setting, DIP switches are provided in the card numbered from 1 to 10. The
following are the combinations of DIP switches to achieve different gain settings:
1
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
2
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF ON
Highest Gain
OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF ON
OFF
OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF ON
OFF OFF
OFF OFF OFF OFF ON
OFF OFF OFF
OFF OFF OFF ON
OFF OFF OFF OFF
OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF ON
Normal Gain
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
OFF OFF
ON
OFF OFF OFF OFF ON
OFF OFF
OFF OFF OFF OFF ON
OFF OFF OFF
ON
OFF OFF OFF ON
OFF OFF OFF
OFF OFF OFF ON
OFF OFF OFF OFF
ON
OFF OFF ON
OFF OFF OFF OFF Lowest Gain
Fig. 4.12: Gain setting through DIP switches in RX1 card
May 2013
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13
4.12 vkStkj o ekius ds midj.k Tools and measuring equipment

Outdoor equipment
Frequency Selective Multimeter (Rishab 18S or similar)
Resistor module (S25533 A5 A1 contains 0.5 Ohm and 1 Ohm resistors for axle shunt
simulation).
Tuning module (S25533-A31-A1)
2 rail clamps (C25211 A76-B3)
Open-end, ring or box spanner, width across flats 13 mm.
3 mm. Allen key
3 mm screwdriver
3.5 X 0.5 mm. screwdriver (A2V00001156483) for WAGO terminals.
Indoor equipment
Frequency Selective Multimeter (Rishab 18S or similar)
Adapter board (S25533 B50 A1)
Potentiometer module (C25107 A109 A3)
1.5 mm screwdriver.
May 2013
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14
Fault diagnosis/LED indicator combinations
LED OFF
Table VI
Sr. Power
No. Unit
Transmitter (B30)
LED ON/Flickering
Ampli- Ampli
fier
-fier
B41
Filter
B40B42
12V 5V L1 L2 L3 L8 L9 L4.1
L4
Receiver DemoI B33

dulator
B35
Receiver Relay
II B39module
B34
B36
II
L5
I
L6
II
L6
I
L7
II GF1 GF2
L7
UP
UP
I
L5
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
5
6
7
8
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
10
DN
DN
Maintenance action
required/Remarks
Section is clear (No

action required)
Section is occupied or
see no.12
Replace Amplifier
Filter Module FTGS
917 (B40) or FTGS 46
(B41)
Check voltages 110 V
AC, 12 V DC, 5 v DC;
if OK Replace
Transmitter Module
(B30)
Check 12 V DC voltage
Check 110 V AC Fuse
Check 5 V DC voltage
Replace Transmitter
Module (B30)
Replace Transmitter
Module (B30)
Replace Transmitter
May 2013
15
Sr. Power
No. Unit
Transmitter (B30)
Ampli- Ampli
fier
-fier
B41
Filter
B40B42
12V 5V L1 L2 L3 L8 L9 L4.1
L4
Receiver DemoI B33

dulator
B35
Receiver Relay
II B39module
B34
B36
I
L5
II
L5
I
L6
II
L6
I
L7
II GF1 GF2
L7
11
DN
DN
12
DN
DN
13
UP
DN
14
DN
UP
Maintenance action
required/Remarks
Module (B30)
Replace Amplifier
Filter Module FTGS
917 (B40) or FTGS 46
(B42). If fault persists,
replace Transmitter
Module (B30) as well
Check voltage between
measuring sockets I 5 &
II 8 on Receiver I
Module (B33);
If Voltage < Permitted
Value: Check Voltage
between measuring
sockets 3 & 4 on
Amplifier Filter Module
(B40) and outdoor
equipment.
If Voltage >= Permitted
value : Replace
Receiver I Module
(B33)
Replace Receiver - I
Module (B33)
Replace Receiver - I
May 2013
16
Sr. Power
No. Unit
Transmitter (B30)
Ampli- Ampli
fier
-fier
B41
Filter
B40B42
12V 5V L1 L2 L3 L8 L9 L4.1
L4
Receiver DemoI B33

dulator
B35
Receiver Relay
II B39module
B34
B36
I
L5
II
L5
I
L6
II
L6
I
L7
II GF1 GF2
L7
15
UP
DN
16
DN
UP
17
DN
DN
18
DN
DN
19
20
21
DN
DN
UP
DN
UP
DN
Maintenance action
required/Remarks
Module (B33)
Replace Demodulator
Module (B35)
Replace Demodulator
Module (B35)
Replace Demodulator
Module (B35)
Replace Transmitter
Module (B30);
Scanning pulse is
faulty.
Connect Measuring
sockets E1 & E2 on
Receiver I Module
(B33): If LEDs I L6 and
II L6 on the
Demodulator Module
(B35) do not switch
OFF, Replace
Demodulator Module
(B35).
If LEDs I L6 and II L6
on the Demodulator
Module (B35) switch
OFF, Replace Receiver
May 2013
17
Sr. Power
No. Unit
Transmitter (B30)
Ampli- Ampli
fier
-fier
B41
Filter
B40B42
12V 5V L1 L2 L3 L8 L9 L4.1
L4
Receiver DemoI B33

dulator
B35
Receiver Relay
II B39module
B34
B36
I
L5
I
L7
II
L5
I
L6
II
L6
II GF1 GF2
L7
22
DN
DN
23
DN
UP
24
UP
DN
LED OFF
Maintenance action
required/Remarks
Module (B39 for Point

zone track circuit or
B34 for straight track
circuit).
Note: Preceeding track
circuit in a cascade
must be clear.
Replace Relay Module
(B36)
(B36)
(B36)
LED ON/Flickering
May 2013
Section V
vYLVkWe fMft dksM vkWfM;ks fDosalh Vsd lfdZV

ALSTOM DIGI CODE
The Alstom DIGICODE is a remote-fed, joint-less and coded Audio Frequency track
circuit. It can feed upto a maximum distance of 3.5 Km. It is designed as a track vacancy
detection system for railways (mainline and stations), underground, urban and suburban
railways. The system is modular in design and equipped with a diagnostic board
indicating the characteristic voltages and currents.
In Digi Coded AFTC system the Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) technique is used. A
train or vehicle is detected by feeding audio frequency signals with a specific protection
codes in the track.
Fig. 5.1: Block Diagram of DIGICODE AFTC

5.2 oxhZdj.k Classification
DIGICODE is available in two versions namely DTC 24 and DTC 921.
DTC 24
It is used for longer track circuits on main line. It can cater for track circuits length from
100 mtr. to 700 mtr. in case of end-fed configuration and upto 1000 mtr. in case of
centre-fed configuration. DTC 24 has following variants:
Section V Alstom DigiCode AFTC
Click for Contents
May 2013
DTC 24 (LF) End fed.
DTC 24 (LF) Center fed.
DTC 921
It is used for short length track circuits on main line, points and crossings. It can cater
track circuits length from 30 mtr. to 400 mtr. DTC 921 has following variants:
DTC 921 (HF) End fed.
DTC 921 (HF) 2 Receiver (Point zone)
DTC 921 (HF) 3 Receiver (Point zone)
Operating frequencies and code allocation
Table I - DTC 24
S. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Carrier
Frequency
name
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
F6
Frequency (Hz)
Allowed
Codes
2100
2500
2900
3300
3700
4100
C1,C2,C3
C4,C5,C6
C7,C8,C9
C10,C11,C12
C13,C14,C15
C16,C17,C18
Table II - DTC 921

S. No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Carrier
Frequency
name
F7
F8
F9
F10
F11
F12
F13
F14
Frequency (Hz)
9500
11100
12700
14300
15900
17500
19100
20700
Allowed
codes
C19,C20,C21
C22,C23,C24
C25,C26,C27
C28,C29,C30
C31,C32,C33
C34,C35,C36
C37,C38,C39
C40,C41,C42
5.3 iz.kkyh dh jpuk System description

5.3.1 Indoor equipment
(a) Evaluator
Evaluators are placed in a rack which is either an open rack or a closed cubical.
An open rack contains upto 3 sub-racks. Each sub-rack contains 2 DIGICODE
evaluators hence overall each open rack can accommodate upto 6 DIGCODE
evaluators. Open rack also contains relay bracket at the top to accommodate track
relays. Alternatively, 6 end fed track circuits or 3 center fed track circuits or 6 point
zone track circuits can be installed in one open rack.
Click for Contents
May 2013
Similarly, a closed cubical rack contains upto 5 sub-racks. Each sub-rack contains 2
DIGICODE evaluators hence overall each rack can accommodate upto 10 DIGCODE
evaluators
The Evaluator consists of following modules
Tx-Rx Module
RT Module (Train detection module)
Modem board
Point Rx board (For point zone track circuits)
Diagnostic board (Optional)
Fig. 5.2: DIGICODE Evaluator front view

(b) Power Supply Unit
Input 230 V AC + 10% 50 Hz + 2% or 110 V AC + 10% 50 Hz + 2%
POWER CONV.-1
POWER CONV.-2
Fig.5.3: DIGICODE Evaluator rear view

(c)Lightning Discharger
Lightning Discharger (LD) is connected in between the AFTC indoor equipment & Field
cables. It is provided to safe guard the AFTC equipment from high voltage emerging
from Lightning. It is a class D type.
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May 2013
(d) Constant Voltage Transformer

It has been recommended in areas where power fluctuations are more than 10%.It is a
Ferro resonant type CVT. One CVT(1000W) can cater for 6 Nos of End Fed or 3 Nos of
Center Fed or 6 Nos of Point Zone Track circuit.
5.3.2 Outdoor equipment
Tuning units
Bonds for separation of two adjacent AFTCs -S-bonds, Alpha-bonds or Shunt bonds
Fig. 5.4: DIGICODE Tuning Unit connections

Tuning Unit connections:
CN3 Always to lower frequency
CN4 Always to higher frequency
A Always to lower frequency

B Always to Centre of bond
C Always to higher frequency

Power wiring (indoor) 6 Sq.mm.Multi-strand wire
The connection between the Tuning Unit (TU) and Processing Unit is provided through
one pair of 0.9 mm dia quad cable single conductor upto 1 Km distance and double
conductors are used beyond 1 Km.
Tuning Unit to rail connection 25 Sq. mm. Copper cable.
Electric joint S-bond, Alpha bond or Shunt bonds - 145 Sq.mm Galvanized Steel cable
Table III
S.
DTC 24
Characteristics
No.
(Main Line)
1 Maximum TC Length
700m-EF,1000m-CF
2 Minimum TC Length
100m
3 Electric Joint Length
18.6 to 25.4m
4 Ballast Resistance
2 ohm/Km
5 Carrier Frequency Range
2.1KHz-4.1KHz
6 No.of Channels
6
0.5 ohm & 0.15 ohm
7 Track Shunt Resistance
for tuned zone
Click for Contents
DTC 921
(Station/ Transit)
400m-EF
30m
6m
2 ohm/Km
9.5KHz-20.7KHz
8
0.5 ohm & 0.15
ohm for tuned zone
May 2013
8
Power Consumption
Input Power
50-140 VA(EF),50200VA(CF)
110V10%, 50 Hz
2%
50-140VA(EF)
110V10%, 50 Hz
2%
5.6 fMft dksM ds dkMksZ dh tkudkjh Cards information

5.6.1. For straight track circuits
(i)Frequency dependent cards
1. Tx & Rx Module there are 6 types from F1 to F6
2. Tuning Unit There are 6 types of TU Boards e.g. F1/F3..F4/F6.
(ii)Universal Cards
1. Mother Board (N897095300Q) This card can be used for all types of AFTC.
2. RT_NDV Card (N897092015C) - This card can be used for straight track circuits of any
frequency (F1 to F14).
3. Modem Card (Two type)
I.
Modem Card - (N897091012N) - This card can be used for straight track circuits of
low frequency (F1 to F6).
II. Modem Card - (N897091013P) - This card can be used for straight track circuits of
high frequency (F7 to F14).
5.6.2 For Centre-fed track circuits
2. Secondary Receiver (Rx) Module - there are 6 types from F1 to F6
3. Tuning Unit There are 12 types of TU Boards e.g. F1/F3..F4/F6 &
F1MPU.F6MPU.
(ii)Universal Cards
2. RT_NDV Card (N897092015C) - This card can be used for straight track circuits of any
3. Modem Card - (N897091012N) - This card can be used for straight track circuits of low
5.6.3 For Point zone track circuits
2. Tuning Unit There are 16 types of TU Boards e.g. F7/F19..F12/F14.
(ii) Universal Cards
2. RT_DV Card (N897092012Z) - This card can be used for all types of AFTC (F1 to
F14).
3. Modem Card - (N897091013P) - This card can be used for high frequency AFTCs
Click for Contents
May 2013
(iii) Point Receiver

Point Rx1 Channel (N897044102PR) This card can be used for point zone track circuit
with one Transmitter and two Receivers.
Point Rx1 Channel (N897044103PR) This card can be used for point zone track circuit
with one Transmitter and three Receivers
5.7 ,ybZMh ladsr ,oa ijh{k.k fcanq LED indications and testing points
LED indications are provided at the front panel of major modules/cards. For
troubleshooting purposes, the voltages at the power unit and measuring sockets of the
major modules/cards can be measured. The permitted values are given in tables of Fig.
AD J.VRX
AD J.VTX
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
M SR +
4
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
15
13
11
9
7
5
3
1
M SR 2
2 0 KH z
BIT1 M
2 0 V LO C
V.TX
MO D
BIT0 M
V.RX
O U T M SR
4
2
D EM
1
O U T PU T
TX
RX
RT
FU SE 2 4 VLO C
M O D EM
+ 5V
CD
-1 2 V
BIT1 D
V.IN
V.O U T
+ 12V
BIT0 D
GND
LF
HF
D ELAY1
F1
O SC .IN T
SW 2
F2
Fig.5.5: LED
indications/Test
points for Straight
Track Circuit
(End Fed)
Note: the input
power line voltage
must be 220/110
Vac 5% before
the
power
conversion unit
Use only 2 mm dia
meter probe.
Selection
of
Mulimeter - TX3
for TEXTRONICS,
187,
189
for
FLUKE and 18S
IRS for RISHABH
FU SE
FU SE
SW 1
50V
O SC .EXT
2 4 V D IG
2 4 V.SW
L E D s
TRIM M ERS
FUSE
V O L T A G E M E A S S U R IN G S O C K E T S
U S E 2 m m D IA P R O B E O N L Y
Table IV
Measuring sockets
V-TX@ 50V fuse
V-OUT AT 50V
50 V DC
24 V DIG
V-IN
V-RX
V-RX
MSR +/20 KHZ Voltage
24 V LOC
Measuring
location
TX
TX
TX
RX
RX
RX
RX
RT
RT
RT
Multi-meter
selection
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
Hz (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
Permitted value
Remarks
6 90 V AC
2 - 45 V AC
45 58 V DC
22 28 V DC
> 0.220 V AC
0.400 1.20 V AC
0.010 - 0.280 V AC
9.8 25 V DC
24 -32 V AC
21 27 V DC
-----Track Circuit Vacant/Free

Track Circuit Occupied
----
Click for Contents
May 2013
OUT MSR
OUT MSR
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
+5V
- 12 V
+ 12 V
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
4.8 6.8 V DC
< 4.2 V DC
20 28 V DC
< 0.6 V DC
4.9 5.1 V DC
-12.2 11.8 V DC
11.8 12.2 V DC
Track Circuit Vacant/Free

----
Fig.5.6: LED indications/Test points for Straight Track Circuit (Centre Fed)
ADJ.VRX
ADJ.VTX
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
ADJ.VRX
MSR +
4
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
15
13
11
9
7
5
3
1
MSR 2
MOD
20KHz
BIT1M
20V LOC
V.TX
15
13
11
9
7
5
3
1
MSR +
4
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
MSR 2
20KHz
BIT1M
20V LOC
BIT0M
V.RX
BIT0M
V.RX
OUT MSR
4
2
OUT MSR
DEM
OUT PUT
RT NDV
OUT PUT
Sec.
RX
MODEM
FUSE 24VLOC
RT NDV
+ 5V
CD
-12V
-12V
BIT1D
V.IN
+ 12V
BIT1D
V.IN
BIT0D
+ 12V
BIT0D
GND
LF
GND
LF
HF
HF
DELAY1
DELAY1
F1
F1
OSC.INT
SW2
OSC.INT
SW2
F2
FUSE
FUSE
50V
24V DIG
Sec.
MODEM
+ 5V
CD
V.OUT
DEM
RX
FUSE 24VLOC
4
2
TX
MOD
F2
FUSE
SW1
OSC.EXT
SW1
OSC.EXT
24V DIG
24V.SW
24V.SW
L E D s
TRIM M ERS
FUSE
V O LT A G E M E A S S U R IN G S O C K E T S
U S E 2 m m D IA P R O B E O N L Y
Table V
Measuring
sockets
V-TX@ 50V fuse
V-OUT AT 50V
50 V DC
24 V DIG
V-IN
V-RX
V-RX
MSR +/20 KHZ
Voltage
24 V LOC
OUT MSR
OUT MSR
Measuring
location
TX
TX
TX
RX
RX
RX
RX
RT
RT
Multi-meter
selection
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
Hz (AUTO)
6 90 V AC
2 - 45 V AC
45 58 V DC
22 28 V DC
> 0.220 V AC
0.400 1.20 V AC
0.010 - 0.280 V AC
9.8 25 V DC
24 -32 V AC

---
RT
RT
RT
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
21 27 V DC
4.8 6.8 V DC
< 4.2 V DC
-Track Circuit Vacant/Free

Permitted value
Click for Contents
Remarks
May 2013
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
+5V
- 12 V
+ 12 V
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
20 28 V DC
< 0.6 V DC
4.9 5.1 V DC
-12.2 11.8 V DC
11.8 12.2 V DC

----
Selection of Mulimeter - TX3 for TEXTRONICS, 187, 189 for FLUKE and 18S IRS for RISHABH
Use only 2 mm dia meter probe
Fig. 5.7: LED indications/Test points for Point Zone Track Circuit
A D J.VRX
A D J.VTX
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
M SR +
4
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
15
13
11
9
7
5
3
1
M SR -
2 0 KH z
2 0 V LO C
V.TX
MO D
CD
BIT1 M
BIT1 M
BIT0 M
BIT0 M
V.RX
O U T M SR
4
D EM
SW 2 O U T
1
O U T PU T
TX
RX
RT
FU SE 2 4 VLO C
M O D EM
PO I N T
RX
+ 5V
CD
CD
-1 2 V
BIT1 D
V.IN
V.O U T
+ 12V
BIT0 D
GND
LF
BIT1 D
HF
BIT0 D
D ELAY1
F1
O SC .IN T
SW 2
F2
SW 1 O U T
FU SE
FU SE
SW 1
50V
O SC .EXT
2 4 V D IG
2 4 V.SW
Measuring
sockets
V-TX@ 50V fuse
V-OUT AT 50V
50 V DC
24 V DIG
V-IN
V-RX
V-RX
MSR +/20 KHZ
Voltage
24 V LOC
OUT MSR
OUT MSR
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
+5V
LE D s
TRIM M ERS
FUSE
VO LTA G E M E A SS U R IN G S O C KE T S
U S E 2 m m D IA P R O B E O N LY
Measuring
location
TX
TX
TX
RX
RX
RX
RX
RT
RT
Multi-meter
selection
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
Hz (AUTO)
Permitted value
Remarks
6 90 V AC
2 - 45 V AC
45 58 V DC
22 28 V DC
> 0.220 V AC
0.550 1.20 V AC
< 0.280 V CAC
9.8 25 V DC
24 - 32 V AC

---
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
21 27 V DC
4.8 6.8 V DC
< 4.2 V DC
20 28 V DC
< 0.6 V DC
4.9 5.1 V DC
-Track Circuit Vacant/Free

--
Click for Contents
May 2013
- 12 V
+ 12 V
SW1 OR SW2
SW1 OR SW2
SW1 OUT
SW2 OUT
RT
RT
RT
RT
POINT RX
POINT RX
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
AC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
DC (AUTO)
-12.2 11.8 V DC
11.8 12.2 V DC
4.1 4.7 V AC
< 2.50 V AC
5 15 V DC
5 15 V DC
--Track Circuit Vacant/Free

---
Table VI
Selection of Mulimeter - TX3 for TEXTRONICS, 187, 189 for FLUKE and 18S IRS for RISHABH
Use only 2 mm dia meter probe

5.8.1 Replacing modules in the rack
Before changing any element turn off the power of the rack including the modules to be
replaced. It can be easily done either by turning off the front panel switch or the rear
Power Conversion switch.
A standard screwdriver can be used to unscrew the modules. Before replacing any rack
module pay maximum attention to configure the board jumpers following the Putting into
Service Manual and the calibration form. In case a TX_RX module is to be replaced,
refer to the following instructions:
Verify that the new module is of the same channel (frequency) as the original one by
checking the item number of the module;
Set the ADJ. V.TX and ADJ V.RX front panel jumpers as the original positions;
Verify that V.OUT has a value similar to that reported on the calibration form
Verify that V.RX>0.5 Vrms
Perform a shunt test on track.
In case a RT board is to be replaced set the P12-P13 and P5-P6 jumpers as the original
positions, check the OUTPUT voltage and perform a shunt test on track.
In case a MODEM board is to be replaced, set the channel selection (P1, P2, P3 ; P4,
P12, P13 and P14) and protection code (P10 and P11) selection jumpers as the original
positions.
5.8.2 Power Supply check
The input power line voltage must be 220/110 Vac 5% before the power conversion
unit. Ie input to the AFTC main cubicle or output of CVT.
If no power, check switches (front and rear) in position 1.Ensure that rear Power
Conversion fuses are not open, see
Fig 5.9 below.
Click for Contents
May 2013
10
220 V line
fuse
50 V
0
POWER CONVERSION
10 V
Fig.5.8: Power Conversion unit fuse

Check of the front equipment fuses. If the front panel power LEDs do not lit, then check
whether the corresponding fuse is open.
Fuse 50Vcc 4A 250 V
Fuse 24V Loc 1A 250 V
Fuse 24V Dig 1A 250 V
Fuse 12Vcc 1A 250 V (this fuse is inside TX_RX box, symbol F3)
If some of the supply voltages is missing despite all the fuses are OK then replace the
TX_RX module.
5.8.3 Indoor Adjustments
(i) Gain adjustments of voltages in Tx/Rx Cards (Jumpers)
ADJ.VTX
ADJ.VRX
Maximum
1
16
15
3
14
13
5
12
11
7
Minimum
10
9
10
7
11
12
5
13
14
Maximum
4
3
15
16
Fig. 5.9: Jumper selection for Gain adjustments in Tx/Rx cards

7-8 & 9-10 for minimum Gain setting
Minimum 380 mV 1.3 V Rx Voltage is obtained by regulating the above setting.
(ii) Dos & Donts for adjustments in Tx/Rx cards
The V-Tx and V-Rx jumpers provided on the Tx-Rx Modules should be correctly positioned
as indicated in Fig. below. Do not position the jumpers wrongly.
.
Click for Contents
May 2013
11
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
16
RIGHT
WRON G X
Fig.
5.10: Sketch showing correct and incorrect jumper

selection for Gain adjustments in Tx/Rx cards
Dont swap or remove any card in Power ON condition. Power must be OFF through the
switch provided on front panel of Tx-Rx cassette.
If there is a track circuit failure, please check the outdoor gears first prior to changing any
cards of processing equipment.
Dont touch the semiconductors (ICs) of the boards with bare fingers, as they are sensitive to
static electricity
No adjustments are required to be done in outdoor tuning unit.
5.9 =qfV;ksa ds y{k.k Fault Diagnosis
(i) OUTPUT is not present
If the V.RX signal is present, (> 0.5 Vrms), but the OUTPUT is not present, then check if
DELAY1 LED lits;
If DELAY1 LED does not lit, then check the MODEM front panel showing the dynamic
operation of the board, i.e. BIT1M and BIT0M LED flashing, CD green LED firmly liting,
BIT1D and BIT0D LED flashing. If this is not the case, then replace the MODEM board.
If the MODEM works, but DELAY1 does not lit, then comparator or delay1 module have
failed; replace the RT board.
If DELAY1 LED does lit, but OUT.MSR does not lit, then either the output stage of the RX
filter or the 20 kHz generator or the magneto static relay might have failed. Check the MSR+
and MSR- voltage greater then 11 Vdc; if this voltage is not present, then the RX filter output
stage has failed. Replace the TX_RX module.
Check the 20 kHz test points greater than 24 Vrms; if this is not the case, then replace RT
board.
If the OUT.MSR LED lits and the relative test points have a voltage from 5.1 to 6.8 Vdc, but
the OUTPUT is not present, then the delay2 module has failed. Replace the RT board.
(ii) V.RX is not present
If track circuit is free this signal must be greater than 0.5 Vrms;
Check that V.IN signal has an amplitude greater than 0.6 Vrms
Click for Contents
May 2013
12
If V.IN is not present check the signal on the Cable entry rack by means of the multimeter, if the RX signal is not present on entry rack, then check if the TX signal is present
on the entry rack; if TX is not present, then V.OUT must be verified; if TX on cable entry
rack is present, then check if the signal reaches the transmitting tuning box via the cable,
then check the receiving tuning box;
If the fault is at outdoors, check Electric Joints and Tuning Unit and try rectifying them.
(iii) V.OUT is not present

Check if V.TX signal is present. If it is not present, then replace MODEM board.
If the V.TX signal is present and V.OUT is less then the value recorded during
commissioning, then the TX filter has failed. Replace TX_RX module.
If V.RX voltage is > 0.7 and SW1/SW2 voltages are > 4.5 and there is no out MSR or output,
check 20 KHz signal availability on RT card. If 20 KHz signal is not present, then replace
POINT RX card.
5.10 VwyfdV Tool Kit
Table VII- Indoor Toolkit
Sr. No.
1.
Description
Digital Multimeter
Size
Standard
2.
Frequency selective
voltmeter
Screw Driver
385X265X100
Insulated Mini Nose Plier Round

Wire stripper & Cutter
Non-Metallic Long Screw
Driver (for adjustments)
3.
4.
5.
6.
Set
Standard
6 mm dia X 150
mm long
Make
TEXTRONICS or
FLUKE or RISH
ALSTOM
Spec./Part No.
TX3, 187, 189,
18S
441FSV
TAPARIA or
EASTMAN
TAPARIA or
EASTMAN
MULTITECH
Reputed make
Standard
Standard
150B
Standard
Table VIII- Outdoor Toolkit

Sr. No.
1.
2.
3.
Description
TSR Box
Hydraulic Tool Kit
Screw Driver
Size
4.
Screw Driver (Long)
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Nut Driver
Nut Driver
Insulated Mini Nose Plier Round
Wire stripper & Cutter
Double ended spanner
6 mm dia X 250
mm
7(M4)
10(M6)
6
10.
14 X 15
11.
16 X 17
--Set
Standard
12 X 13
Click for Contents
Make
ALSTOM
ALSTOM
TAPARIA or
EASTMAN
TAPARIA or
EASTMAN
TEPCO
TEPCO
TAPARIA or
EASTMAN
MULTITECH
TAPARIA or
EASTMAN
TAPARIA or
EASTMAN
TAPARIA or
EASTMAN
Spec./Part No.
A489441001A
441900100
Standard
826
Standard
Standard
Standard
150B
16/E2001/3
16/E2001/3
16/E2001/3
May 2013
12.
13.
14.
15.
13
18 X 19
TAPARIA or
16/E2001/3
EASTMAN
27 X 32
TAPARIA
or 16/E2001/3
EASTMAN
Hammer with long handle
500 gm
Standard
AS per IS841-83
Non-Metallic Long Screw 6 mm dia X 150 Reputed make
Standard
Driver (for adjustments)
mm long
Note: A wireless set or mobile phones may be used for communication between field and
AFTC center location.
Click for Contents
May 2013
14
5.11 =qfV fuokj.k gsrq ykspkVZ Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Flowchart 1
Check of Modulator
and TX board
Fault location
The problem is
located after the
receiving circuits
YES
Check Mother board,

cabinet wiring, track
relay or Interlocking
Does the
OUTPUT led on
the RT board
lit ?
NO
The problem is located

after the TX board
Connect a probe to jumper

P23 and ground GND4
on the Modem board
The problem is
located either inside
Digicode Processing
Unit or in the track
YES
Is V.OUT
on the TX_RX module
close to the value it had
at commissioning
?
Locate connections
of the TX cable inside
the cable entry rack or
on the CN2 connector
Replace the
Modem board
NO
NO
Go to Transmitter
circuits Flowchart
Is the signal at
jumper P23 similar to
that of fig.5-4
?
NO
Replace TX_RX module
The fault is located

either in the cabinet
wiring or on the RX
board (1)
NO
Is voltage
at above mentioned
connections close to the
value it had at
commissioning
?
YES
Is V.RX
on the TX_RX module
greater than
0.5 VRMS?
The problem is located

either in the field equipment
or in the track
(1)
YES
Is V. TX
on the TX_RX
module close to the value
it had at
commissioning
?
YES
YES
The fault is located

either in the track or in
the receiving circuits
Go to Receiving
circuits Flowchart
YES
YES
OK
NO
Are ADJ. V.RX

jumpers in the position
they were set at
commissioning
?
NO
TX filter has failed

Re-establish commissioning
set-up
NO
Replace TX_RX module
Both TX and RX signals go through the RX board
Is V.OUT
on the TX_RX module
close to the value it had
at commissioning
?
May 2013
15
Receiving circuits
check
NO
Is
MSR+,MSRon the RT board
> 10 Vdc
?
The signal amplifier

on thr RX board has
failed.
Replace TX-RX module
Check of trackside
equipment
YES
Do
BIT0D
and BIT1D
lit
?
YES
NO
Is
voltage at
terminals CN3 (CN4)
of the TX tuning unit
>3.6xV.OUT
?
NO
Possible failure at
the TX pair of the
cable
Demodulator
has failed.
Replace MODEM
board
Replace the
Tuning Unit board
NO
Does
the Delay 1 led on
the RT board
lit ?
NO
YES
YES
Either Comparator or
Delay 1 circuit has failed
Either 20 kHz oscillator

or MSR has failed
Replace RT board
Is
voltage at
A-B (B-C) terminals of
the TX tuning unit
>0.04xVCN3
(VCN4)
?
NO
Verifify integrity of the S_Bond

cable and its rail connections
NO
Does the
OUTMSR led on
the RT board
lit ?
Delay 2 circuit has failed
YES
Verifify integrity of the

S_Bond cable and its
rail connections
NO
Is
track voltage
at the RX end of the t.c.
close to VAB (VBC)
?
YES
Is
track voltage
at the TX end of the t.c.
close to VAB (VBC)
?
YES
YES
Is
track voltage
at the RX end of the t.c.
>0.12 Vrms
?
NO
YES
Replace RT board
NO
Does
YES
the Delay 1 led on
the RT board
lit ?
The output stage of

the Demodulator circuit
might be damaged.
Replace MODEM board
NO
Broken rail, short circuit

between the rails or
involuntary earth connection
Is
VCN3 (VCN4)
in the RX tuning unit
>1.15 Vrms
?
YES
OK
Replace the
Tuning Unit board
Possible failure at
the RX pair of the
cable
Restore original RT board
May 2013
16
Fault Diagnosis/LED indicators combinations for straight track circuits
LED OFF
LED ON/Flashing
BIT 0D
RELAY
Section is clear
--
DN
Section is occupied
--
DN
Power conversion 10 V &

50 V fuse failure
Replace
DN
Tx card 50 V fuse failure
Replace
DN
24 V DIG fuse failure
Replace
DN
DN
DN
24 V LOC fuse failure

VRx Voltage less than 400
mV
VRx Voltage above 1.3 V
Replace
DN
DN
DN
DN
11
12
BIT 1D
CD
BIT 0M
+ 12V
BIT 1M
- 12V
DELAY 1
+ 5V
OUT-PUT
UP
10
MODEM
24 V DIG
1
2
RT
OUT
MSR
R
X
24 V LOC
T
X
50 V
Table IX
S
No
CAUSE
Output is not present
Output is not present
DELAY1 does not lit
DELAY1 does not lit
ACTION REQUIRED
Adjust between 500 mV- 1.2 V

Adjust between 500 mV- 1.2 V
Check VRx voltage. Should be 0.5
Vrms. If Delay1 lits, then replace RT
card.
Vrms. If Delay1 & OUT MSR lits, then
the Delay2 module of RT might have
failed. Replace RT card.
Vrms. Check Modem, if all indications
are available then Comparator or
Delay1 module of RT might have failed.
Replace RT card.
Vrms. Check Modem, if all indications
May 2013
13
DN
14
DN
15
DN
16
DN
17
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
18
19
20
21
ACTION REQUIRED
RELAY
CAUSE
BIT 0D
BIT 1D
CD
BIT 0M
BIT 1M
DELAY 1
MODEM
+ 12V
- 12V
+ 5V
OUT-PUT
RT
OUT
MSR
R
X
24 V LOC
T
X
24 V DIG
S
No
50 V
17
BIT1D & CD do not lit

OUT MSR does not lit
OUT MSR does not lit
VRx is not present

V IN is not present
V IN is not present
V IN is not present
V Tx is not present
V OUT is not present
are not available then Output stage of

Modem might have failed. Replace
MODEM card.
Vrms. Replace MODEM card
If Delay1 lit then check MSR+ . If not
available then replace Rx Module.
If Delay1 lit then check if 20 kHz is
greater than 24 Vrms . If not then
replace RT Card.
Check V IN signal . If V IN is more than
0.2 Vrms then replace Rx module.
Check the Receiver signal on CT
rack/LD load side. If it is available then
replace LD or Rx cable to motherboard.
Check track voltage at the Rx and
voltage across AB or BC > 0.12 Vrms of
TU VAB or VBC. If not then check for
broken rail, short circuit between rails or
S or Track lead wire cut.
Check track voltage at the Rx and
voltage across AB or BC > 0.12 Vrms of
TU VAB or VBC and then check voltage
at CN3 or CN4 in the Rx tuning unit
>1.15 Vrms of track voltage. If not
replace Receiver TU.
Check the Transmitter signal from
Modem on P23 with GND4. If the signal
is not present, replace Modem.
Check VTx signal is present and V OUT
is less than the original value, then
replace Tx module.
May 2013
18
LED OFF
LED ON/Flashing
Fault Diagnosis/LED indicators combinations for Point zone track circuits
Table X
CAUSE
BIT 1M
BIT 0M
BIT 1 D
BIT 0D
RELAY
Section is clear
DN
DN
Section is
occupied
Power
conversion 10
V & 50 V fuse
failure
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
CD
DEL-AY 1
BIT 0D
+ 12V
BIT 1 D
- 12V
CD
+ 5V
UP
OUT-PUT
OUT MSR
POINT
RECEIVER
24 V LOC
MODEM
24 V DIG
RT
50 V
Rx
S No
Tx
ACTION REQUIRED
---
Replace
Tx card 50 V
fuse failure
Replace
24 V DIG fuse
failure
Replace
24 V LOC fuse
failure
VRx Voltage
less than 400
mV
VRx Voltage
above 1.3 V
Replace
Output is not
present
Adjust between 500 mV1.2 V

Adjust between 500 mV1.2 V
Check VRx voltage.
Should be 0.5 Vrms. If
Delay1 lits, then replace
RT card.
May 2013
19
CAUSE
BIT 1M
BIT 0M
BIT 1 D
BIT 0D
RELAY
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
11
12
13
14
15
CD
DEL-AY 1
BIT 0D
+ 12V
BIT 1 D
- 12V
CD
+ 5V
OUT-PUT
10
OUT MSR
POINT
RECEIVER
24 V LOC
MODEM
24 V DIG
RT
50 V
Rx
S No
Tx
Output is not
present
DELAY1 does
not lit
DELAY1 does
not lit
BIT1D & CD
do not lit
OUT MSR
does not lit
OUT MSR
does not lit
ACTION REQUIRED
Check VRx voltage.

Should be 0.5 Vrms. If
Delay1 & OUT MSR lits,
then the Delay2 module of
RT might have failed.
Replace RT card.
Check VRx voltage.
Should be 0.5 Vrms.
Check Modem, if all
indications are available
then Comparator or
Delay1 module of RT
might have failed.
Replace RT card.
Check VRx voltage.
Should be 0.5 Vrms.
Check Modem, if all
indications are not
available then Output
stage of Modem might
have failed. Replace
MODEM card.
Check VRx voltage.
Should be 0.5 Vrms.
Replace MODEM card
If Delay1 lit then check
MSR+ . If not available
then replace Rx Module.
If Delay1 lit then check if
20 kHz is greater than 24
Vrms . If not then replace
May 2013
20
CAUSE
BIT 1M
BIT 0M
BIT 1 D
BIT 0D
RELAY
DN
DN
DN
DN
17
18
19
20
CD
DEL-AY 1
BIT 0D
+ 12V
BIT 1 D
- 12V
CD
+ 5V
DN
OUT-PUT
16
OUT MSR
POINT
RECEIVER
24 V LOC
MODEM
24 V DIG
RT
50 V
Rx
S No
Tx
VRx is not
present
V IN is not
present
V IN is not
present
V IN is not
present
V Tx is not
present
ACTION REQUIRED
RT Card.
Check V IN signal . If V IN
is more than 0.2 Vrms
then replace Rx module.
Check the Receiver signal
on CT rack/LD load ide. If
it is available then replace
LD or Rx cable to
motherboard.
Check track voltage at the
Rx and voltage across AB
or BC > 0.12 Vrms of TU
VAB or VBC. If not then
check for broken rail,
short circuit between rails
or S or Track lead wire
cut.
Check track voltage at the
Rx and voltage across AB
or BC > 0.12 Vrms of TU
VAB or VBC and then
check voltage at CN3 or
CN4 in the Rx tuning unit
>1.15 Vrms of track
voltage. If not replace
Receiver TU.
Check the Transmitter
signal from Modem on
P23 with GND4. If the
signal is not present,
replace Modem.
May 2013
21
CAUSE
BIT 1M
BIT 0M
BIT 1 D
BIT 0D
RELAY
DN
22
DN
23
DN
24
DN
LED OFF
CD
DEL-AY 1
BIT 0D
+ 12V
BIT 1 D
- 12V
CD
+ 5V
OUT-PUT
21
OUT MSR
POINT
RECEIVER
24 V LOC
MODEM
24 V DIG
RT
50 V
Rx
S No
Tx
V OUT is not
present
SW1/SW2
Voltage less
than 4.2 V AC
and VRx less
than 0.6 V AC
SW1/SW2
Voltage more
than 3.8 V AC
and VRx more
than 0.6 V AC,
no output
present
SW1/SW2
Voltage less
than 1.9 V AC
ACTION REQUIRED
Check VTx signal is

present and V OUT is less
than the original value,
then replace Tx module.
Maintain the switch voltage
more than 3.8 V AC and
VRx voltage more than 0.6
V AC
Check 20 KHz availability
and if not present replace
Point Rx Card
Increase the switch voltage

by adjusting the DIP
switches in Rx Card
LED ON/Flashing
May 2013
Section VI
vulkYMks ;w ,e 71 vkWfM;ks fDosalh Vsd lfdZV

ANSALDO UM71
The UM71 AFTC is a remote fed, non-coded, joint-less track circuit suitable for all
non-RE, RE (DC Traction and AC Traction) areas. In this type of track circuit the
Transmitter and Receiver can be centrally provided in the equipment room/relay room
maximum 1 Km distance from the track circuit.
This track circuit operates on frequency shift principle (FSK) where the basic frequency
is shifted between two frequencies close to each other (i.e. basic frequency + 11 Hz) F
= 11Hz. Modulation rate is set by division of the basic frequency Fc by 128 i.e.
modulation signal frequency =Fc/128.
Carrier Frequency
V1 - F1 - 1700 Hz
V1 - F2 - 2300 Hz
V2 - F1 - 2000 Hz
V2 - F2 - 2600 Hz
Modulation rate
1700/128 = 13.3 Hz
2300/128 = 18.00 Hz
2000/128 = 15.6 Hz
2600/128 = 20.3 Hz
Assigned to
Set 1 UP line
Set 2 DN line
6.2 iz.kkyh dh jpuk System composition

The system consists of following components:
Indoor equipment (Equipment at relay room)
Field equipment (Wayside equipment)
6.2.1 Indoor equipment
The indoor equipment consists of following equipments:
(i) Transmitter
The transmitter generates a sinusoidal signal, at one of the four basic frequencies (Fc) 1700 Hz;
2000 Hz; 2300 Hz; 2600 Hz.
Section VI Ansaldo UM 71 AFTC
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May 2013
Fig.6.1: Front view of Transmitters of different AFTCs

(ii) Receiver
The receiver recognizes the carrier signal in quality (modulated frequency) and in quantity
(level).
Fig.6.2: Front view of a Receiver
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May 2013
A+ A- 24V DC Input
Input from Track on V1 V2
A+ A- 24V DC Input
Tx AC Output on V1V8
Fig 6.3.: (a) Nomenclature of connectors in Transmitter (rear view)

(b) Nomenclature of connectors in Receiver (rear view)
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May 2013
(iii) Relay
It is a 24V DC, plug-in-type, non-proved type. (Ordinary Q series line Relay QN1 can be used as
a Track Relay).
(iv) Power Supply

24 V DC Power supply is required as input to the Transmitter and Receiver which can be
taken from a 230 V/24 V Battery Charger with battery backup or through 24 V DC
module of an IPS if provided.
6.2.2 Field equipment (Wayside equipment)
(i) Tuning & Matching Unit (TMU)
There are two types of tuning units: - Tuning Unit F1 (V1 & V2): This consists of LC (inductive Capacitance) series
circuit tuned at a frequency close to F2.
- Tuning Unit F2 (V1 or V2): This consists of a LC series circuit, tuned at a
frequency close to F1, mounted in parallel with a high value capacitor.
Fig.6.4: TMU at Transmitter end
Fig.6.5: TMU at Receiver end
(ii) Air Core Inductor (ACI) or O bond

On electrified track, a non-saturable inductor,
known as the ACI or O bond, is located at the
centre of the Electrical Seperation Joint.
ESJ length varies from 20 to 29 meters in
accordance with Rail type, Sleepers type, Track
gauge, Track electrified or non-electrified.
There are two types of ACI
- The ACI 200 - used for re-equalizing the
traction current.
- The higher power ACI 600- used for routing
the traction return current.
Fig.6.6: Air Core Inductor (ACI) or O bond
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May 2013
PSU to Tx/Rx - Flexible wire 1 sq.mm.
Tx/Rx to TMU - Quad cable - 0.9 mm dia
TMU to Rail 70 sq.mm copper or 120 sq. mm Aluminum
Table I
Input voltage
At PSU
Output voltage
Input voltage
At Tx (KEM)
Output voltage
Frequency
Gain adjustment (V1 V10)
Input at E1 & E2
At TMU (Tx end)
Frequency
Output of TMU
Input across the track
Voltage across the track
At TMU (Rx end)
(i.e. input to TMU at Rx
end)
Output of TMU (Rx end)
Input to Rx (V1-V2)
At Rx (KRV)
Voltage at R1 R2
Gain adjustment
(R3.R10)
Pick Up T.S.R.
At KRV
K = Adjustment
Drop T.S.R.
RV = Rx input
KRV
Voltage across TR without
At TR
T.S.R.
Voltage across TR with 0.5
Ohm T.S.R.
Click for Contents
110 V + 25%
24 V DC + 1
24 V DC + 1
25 to 50 V AC
2300 Hz + 3 Hz
V5 toV6 3 units
25 to 50 V AC
2300 Hz + 3 Hz
1 to 5 V AC
1 to 5 V AC
0.2 to 0.8 V AC
0 to 3 V AC i.e. V1 V2
0 to 3 V AC
> 250 mV AC
KRV 56
1 Ohm
0.5 Ohm
56
24 to 30 V DC
0 V DC
May 2013
6.5 xsu lasfVax Gain setting
For gain setting i.e. increase or decrease of outputs of Tx and Rx the adjustments are to
be done as per the following tables
6.5.1 UM71 Gain adjustment table
Table II -KEM Table For Transmitter adjustment
KEM
(Gain)
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
4.75
5.00
5.25
5.50
5.75
6.00
6.25
6.50
6.75
7.00
7.25
7.50
7.75
Transmitter adjustment
Shift Tx Output
Provide jumpers
cable from to
between
V1 to
V8 to
V4
V7
V5 & V6
V5 & V6
V1
V7
V2 & V4
V5 & V6
V2
V7
V3 & V4
V5 & V6
V1
V7
V3 & V4
V7
V8
V1
V8
V2 & V7
V2
V8
V3 & V7
V1
V8
V3 & V7
V4
V8
V5 & V7
V1
V8
V2 & V4
V5 & V7
V2
V8
V3 & V4
V5 & V7
V1
V8
V3 & V4
V5 & V7
V6
V8
V1
V8
V2 & V6
V2
V8
V3 & V6
V1
V8
V3 & V6
V4
V8
V5 & V6
V1
V8
V2 & V4
V5 & V6
V2
V8
V3 & V4
V5 & V6
V1
V8
V3 & V4
V5 & V6
Note: By default Tx output is on V1& V8

KTMU & KMU Adjustment tables
Table III -KTMU
Ratio
Tx
Setup
Rx
Setup
Table IV - KMU
10:1
Connection
Cable
E1 & E2
1:1
1:1.5
1:2
9 & 10
9 & 12
8&9
Jumpers
10 & 11
Ratio
Rx
Setup
IDC (*)
Click for Contents
1:1
1:1.5
1:2
Connection
Cable
9 & 10
9 & 12
8&9
Jumpers
10 & 11
May 2013
Table V - KRV Table For Receiver adjustment
KRV
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
Receiver adjustment
Shift
Provide jumpers
connectors
between
from
R1 to R2 to
R3
R4
R5
R4
R3
R5
R5
R7
R3 & R6
R5
R7
R4 & R6
R4
R7
R3 & R6
R6
R7
R3
R7
R4 & R6
R4
R7
R5 & R6
R3
R7
R5 & R6
R9
R7
R3 & R8
R5 & R6
R9
R7
R4 & R8
R5 & R6
R9
R7
R3 & R8
R4 & R6
R9
R7
R6 & R8
R9
R4
R5 & R7
R6 & R8
R9
R3
R5 & R7
R6 & R8
R9
R3
R5 & R7
R9
R5
R3 & R8
R9
R5
R4 & R8
R9
R4
R3 & R6
R9
R8
R9
R3
R4 & R8
R9
R4
R5 & R8
R9
R3
R5 & R8
R9
R5
R3 & R6
R7 & R8
R9
R5
R4 & R6
R7 & R8
R9
R4
R3 & R6
R7 & R8
R9
R6
R7 & R8
R9
R3
R4 & R6
R7 & R8
R9
R4
R5 & R6
R7 & R8
R9
R3
R5 & R6
R7 & R8
R10
R7
R5 & R6
R3 & R9
R10
R7
R5 & R6
R4 & R9
R10
R7
R4 & R6
R3 & R9
R10
R7
R6 & R9
R10
R7
R3 & R6
R4 & R9
R10
R7
R4 & R6
R5 & R9
KRV
Sr.
No.
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
Click for Contents
Receiver adjustment
Shift
Provide jumpers
connectors
between
from
R1 to R2 to R3 & R6
R5 & R9
R10
R7
R3 & R9
R10
R5
R4 & R9
R10
R5
R3 & R9
R10
R4
R10
R9
R4 & R9
R10
R3
R5 & R9
R10
R4
R5 & R9
R10
R3
R3 & R6
R10
R5
R3 & R6
R7 & R9
R10
R5
R4 & R6
R7 & R9
R10
R4
R3 & R6
R7 & R9
R10
R6
R7 & R9
R10
R3
R4 & R6
R7 & R9
R10
R4
R5 & R6
R7 & R9
R10
R3
R5 & R6
R7 & R9
R10
R7
R5 & R6
R3 & R8
R10
R7
R5 & R6
R4 & R8
R10
R7
R4 & R6
R3 & R8
R10
R7
R6 & R8
R10
R7
R3 & R6
R4 & R8
R10
R7
R4 & R6
R5 & R6
R10
R7
R3 & R6
R5 & R8
R10
R5
R3 & R6
R10
R5
R4 & R6
R10
R4
R3 & R8
R10
R8
R10
R3
R4 & R6
R10
R4
R5 & R8
R10
R3
R5 & R8
R10
R5
R3 & R6
R7 & R8
R10
R5
R4 & R6
R7 & R8
R10
R4
R4 & R6
R7 & R8
R10
R6
R7 & R8
R10
R3
R4 & R6
R7 & R8
R10
R4
R5 & R6
R7 & R8
R10
R3
R5 & R6
R7 & R8
May 2013
Fig.6.7: Block diagram of a typical UM71 AFTC
Click for Contents
May 2013
Record readings as per schedule in the following proforma. (With Sample reading)
6.6.1 Indoor
Track Circuit No.: A504T
Table VI
Date
Transmitter
DC
AC
Power Power
Supply Supply
A+ AV1 V8
07.12.2011 24.46 V 41.20 V
Reciever
DC Power Supply AC Power Supply
A+ A24.36 V
L+ LV1 V2
24.46 V 890 mV
Signature
of
Maintainer
R1 R2
348 mV
Fig.6.8: Measurement of AC output voltage in rear of Tx (terminals V1V8)
Fig.6.9: Measurement of AC output voltage at CTB
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May 2013
10
The intactness of wire connectors in rear of Transmitter and

Receiver unit should be checked frequently to avoid
disconnection. But while doing so it should be ensured that
there is no train movement taking place and no signal
involving the track circuit under observation is cleared.
Fig. 6.10: Rear view of the Transmitter

6.6.2 Outdoor
Table VII - At TMU Tx end
Date
AC Input at
Frequency
E1 & E2
(Hz)
AC Output
of TMU
07.12.2011 40.5 V
4.5 V
2000 Hz
AC Input
across the
track
4.4 V
Signature
of
maintainer
Fig.6.11:
Measurement of AC
input voltage at
terminals E1 & E2
of Tx end TMU
Click for Contents
May 2013
11
Table VIII -At TMU Rx end
Date
AC Voltage
across the track
(i.e. input to
TMU at Rx
end)
07.12.2011 0.790 V
AC Output of
TMU (Rx end)
Signature of
maintainer
0.628 V
Fig.6.12: Measurement of AC output voltage at terminals 9 & 10 of Rx end TMU

During every visit (fortnightly) open the TMU apparatus case and check the tightness of
outgoing lead wire connected to rail. Tighten it with the spanner provided with the tool
kit.
Fig.6.13: Opening of TMU apparatus case
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May 2013
12
Fig.6.14: Tightening of outgoing lead wire

Check the intactness of lead wire connected to rail.
Fig.6.15: Lead wire connection to rail
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May 2013
Section - VII
fuokjd vuqj{k.k
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
7.1
vuqj{k.k gsrq tkap Maintenance checks

The following checks shall be performed regularly for preventive maintenance of
AFTC:
Visually check the electric joints periodically and ensure that these are in good
condition. This includes connection to the rails, condition of electric joint cable,
connections to the Tuning Unit, condition of all welded and screw joints on the track
(S-bond, terminal bond, shunt bond, connecting ropes, interconnections etc.)
Fig. 7.1: Connections to the rail (a) Connection from Tuning Unit (b) Rail bonds
Check the various voltages indicated in the data sheet of AFTC equipment in
consideration to the climatic conditions, and particularly ballast condition. Then
compare the values found with the values recorded at the time of putting into
operation. In case of significant differences which cannot be justified by different
climatic conditions, and in particular if values due to external conditions are found to
be in limits, there might be a failure and the cause needs to be investigated.
Perform drop shunt test with TSR to adjust the receiver energization level.
Ensure that the surfaces of the rails are clean so that a reliable axle shunt can be
maintained.
Deterioration of the ballast resistance can be detected by checking receiver voltage
periodically.
Section VII Preventive Maintenance
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May 2013
7.2 ck 'kaV }kjk ijh{k.k Testing with external shunt

(a) Apply a non-inductive 0.5 Ohm resistance in any position on the track circuit (except for
portion of tuned zone/electric separation joints). The respective track relay should deenergize.
Fig. 7.2: Track circuit shunted at any portion except tuned zone.
(b)Check whether a non-inductive resistance of 0.15 Ohm interposed anywhere inside the
tuned zone/ESJ causes de-energization of at least one of the two successive track circuits
Fig. 7.3: Track circuit shunted in tuned zone

(c) Apply a non-inductive resistance of 0.15 Ohm in overlap zone of ESJ (Overlap zone as
prescribed by manufacturer). Track relay of both the AFTCs should drop
Fig. 7.4: Track circuit shunted at overlap zone of ESJ
Click for Contents
May 2013
7.3 vuqj{k.k ds le; lko/kkfu;ka Precautions during maintenance

After a change in outdoor installation/interconnection, do all the adjustments as applicable for
initial installation.
After change of a module of indoor equipment, ensure adjustments/measurements in the
changed module as per initial installation and TSR test should be conducted.
Perform the TSR adjustment in dry weather conditions only. If same is done during monsoon,
ensure that there is no water logged in between rails and ballast/mud/dirt is not touching rails.
Repeat the TSR check as soon as weather normalizes and correct the settings.
In failure during monsoon, increase gain adjustment till satisfactory operation is attained.
Check TSR without fail. After the monsoon season, restore the gain to original setting, else
there could be unsafe failure.
In case a TX_RX module is to be replaced, verify that the new module is of the same channel
(frequency) as the original one by checking the item number of the module.
If there is a track circuit failure, check the outdoor gears first prior to changing any cards of
processing equipment.
To carry out measurements, the necessary measuring equipment and related tools should be
as per the prescribed tool kit.
After commissioning, no adjustments should be done except during monsoon when the
ballast resistance is affected.
In case of failure during monsoon, gain adjustment to be increased till satisfactory operation
is attained. TSR should be checked without fail.
After the monsoon season the gain should be restored to original setting at the time of
commissioning, else there could be unsafe failure.
Click for Contents
May 2013
Section - VIII
D;k djsa o D;k u djsa

DOs & DONTs
8.1
D;k djsa
Check connection to the rails and condition of electric joint cable on each visit.
Earth screen of Isolation transformer.
Provide separate Surge arrestor on Rx.
Use proper size cable prescribed in the installation manual for Rail Bonding in the
tuned area.
Carry out Drop Shunt Test at Rx end.
Ensure dropping of relay with TSR of 0.5 Ohms outside and TSR of 0.15 Ohms inside
the tuned area.
In case of failure during monsoon, gain adjustment to be increased till satisfactory
operation is attained. TSR should be checked without fail.
After the monsoon season the gain should be restored to original setting at the time of
commissioning, else there could be unsafe failure.
Dos
8.2
D;k u djsa
Do not use same power supply for feeding more than one Tx or Rx of same
frequency.
Do not take measurements when a train is in the vicinity of Track Circuit in RE area.
Dont keep Level crossing inside tuned area.
Dont provide Impedance bond in tuned area.
Dont change output Relay when Rx is working.
Dont provide Axle Counter Tx/Rx coil within 200 m of AFTC.
Dont provide Axle Counter in or within 18 to 20 m of any tuned area/any ETU.
Dont install AFTC where SEJ falls inside tuned area.
Do not short circuit TU or disconnect Tx or Rx from tuning unit unless both adjacent
track circuits are switched OFF.
Dont do adjustments after commissioning except during monsoon when the ballast
resistance is affected.
Donts
Section VIII Dos & Donts
May 2013
Click for Contents
Section - IX
Ckgq/kk iwaNs tkus okys izu

Frequently Asked Questions
Q.1
What are the main advantages of Audio Frequency Track Circuits over
conventional AC/DC Track Circuits?
Ans.
AFTCs are immune to high levels of interference due to traction harmonics present
in AC or DC electrified areas. AFTC can be universally used in AC, DC and NonRE sections.
Q.2
Why insulation joints are normally not required in AFTC?
Ans.
The separation between adjacent track circuits is achieved through Electrical joints
formed with the help of rails, bonds and Tuning units. The mutual interference
between adjacent track circuits is avoided by using different frequencies.
Q.3
Why insulation joints are required in point zone provided with Audio
Frequency Track circuits?
Ans.
In points provided with AFTC, the insulated rails are not connected in series unlike
in conventional track circuits. The legs are connected in parallel and detected
individually by separate receivers. Hence insulated joints are required to avoid short
circuit at the frog. An example is shown in the figure below.
Fig9.1.: AFTC in point zone

Q.4
Why the signal is not directly passed on from feed end to relay end in an
AFTC? Why modulation is required?
Ans.
Modulation is required to provide greater security and to enable the information to

be passed along the track without being distorted.
Section IX FAQs
May 2013
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Q.5
Why AC voltage is used in the operation of AFTC?
Ans.
In AC voltage, Amplitude, Frequency and Phase are available hence modulation and
de-modulation can be achieved.
Q.6
Why Audio Frequency range (20 Hz to 20 KHz) is selected?
Ans.
Audio Frequency range is selected due to following properties
Non-stationary.
Random in nature.
Generation is easy.
Attachment and extraction of information is easy.
High level of noise immunity.
Q.7
Why code bits are required?
Ans.
To avoid interference of other track circuits with same frequency. For security
purpose.
Q.8
What is the role of tuning unit in AFTC?
Ans.
The tuning unit is provided to adjust the RLC value in given frequency band for
resonance so that maximum signal is transmitted along the track. The tuning unit
along with rails and bonds form the resonant R-L-C circuit. The Tx and Rx are
resonated to the carrier frequency and have maximum power linkage.
Q.9
What will happen if mode of an AFTC is changed from low power to normal
(high) power?
Ans.
Change in mode as above can make over- energisation of track relay. This can be
hazardous as under shunted condition track relay may pick up.
Q.10 Why different type of bonds (Z-bond, S-bond, Alpha- bond) are provided in
AFTC?
Ans.
Due to imbalance in traction return currents between both the rails, there is a
possibility that Tuning Unit (TU) may burn. To avoid this bonds are provided
between two rails.
Also along with rails and tuning unit these bonds form the resonant R-L-C circuit
which helps in maximum signal transmission.
Section IX FAQs
May 2013
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ANNEXURE I
laf{kIr 'kCnkoyh ABBREVIATIONS

ABB
AC
ACTM
AF
AFTC
Al
AWS
BRS
CT
CVT
CWR
DC
ESJ
ETU
FSK
FSM
FTGS
GF1
GF2
Hz
IB
IP
IPS
IRS
KV
KHz
KR
LD
LED
LWR
M
ME
MODEM
MSK
NC
NO
OEM
OHE
OP1
OP2
PCB
RB
Asea Brown Boveri

Alternating Current
Alternating Current Traction Manual
Audio Frequency
Audio Frequency Track Circuit
Aluminum
Automatic Warning System
British Railway Specification
Cable Termination
Constant Voltage Trasnsformer
Continuous Welded Rail
Direct Current
Electrical Separation Joint
End Termination Unit
Frequency Shift Keying
Frequency Selective Meter
Remote Fed Coded Audio Frequency Track Circuit Siemens
Track Relay 1 in Siemens AFTC
Track Relay 2 in Siemens AFTC
Hertz
Intermediate Block
Interlocking Plan
Integrated Power Supply
Indian Railway Specification
Kilo Volt
Kilo Hertz
Crossing
Lightning Discharger
Light Emitting Diode
Long Welded Rail
Central Feed In
Modulator-Demodulator
Minimum Shift Keying
Normally Closed
Normally Open
Original Equipment Manufacturer
Overhead Equipment
Output 1
Output 2
Printed Circuit Board
Railway Board
Annexure I Abbreviations
May 2013
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RDSO
RE
RLC
Rx
ST
SWG
TC
TPR
TPWS
TSR
TU
TTU
Tx
VA
W
Research Designs & Standards Organisation

Railway Electrification
Resistance Inductance Capacitance
Receiver
Standard
Standard Wire Gauge
Track Circuit
Track Proving Relay
Train Protection & Warning System
Train Shunt Resistance
Tuning Unit
Track Tuning Unit
Transmitter
Volt Ampere
Points
May 2013
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May 2013
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CAMTECH/S/PROJ/2013-14/HB-AFTC/2. 0
ANNEXURE II
lanHkZ
REFERENCES
IRS specification No. RDSO/SPN/146/2001.
Alstom DIGICODE Audio Frequency Digital Track Circuit maintenance

guidelines.
Siemens FTG S Track Circuit - System Description

Siemens FTG S Track Circuit Instructions for use.
Siemens FTG S Track Circuit Adjusting instructions.
Maintenance handbook on Audio Frequency Track Circuit (ABB make)

CAMTECH/S/197
Annexure II - References
May 2013
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Alstom Digicode - Maintenance Handbook On Audio Frequency Track Circuit Ver2

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AUDIO FREQUENCY TRACK CIRCUIT

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Audio frequency track circuit

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ABB T1-21 Audio Frequency

Adjustment of AFTC equipment

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Maintenance & Inspections

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Dos & Donts

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Frequently Asked Questions

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Director (Signal & Telecommunication)

Centre for Advanced Maintenance Technology, Maharajpur,

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Electrical separation joints define AFTC geographical boundaries.

Not affected by harmonics generated by Thyristor controlled locomotives as it

Both rails are available for traction return current.

Suitable for longer length track circuits.

Suitable for IB and Automatic Signalling section.

Remote feeding upto 3 km possible.

1.3 eq[; Hkkx Main modules

Section I Audio Frequency Track Circuit

1.4 fofHkUu Hkkxksa ds dk;Z Functions of various modules

Section I Audio Frequency Track Circuit

Fig.1.1 (c): Shunt bonds

Section I Audio Frequency Track Circuit

In the Fig.1.2 below, TU of

Fig.1.2: Electrical Separation Joint

Fig. 1.3 : Two adjacent AFTCs DT1 & DT2

,,QVhlh ds foU;kl Configurations of AFTC

1.9 dk;Z ds fl/kkar Principle of working

Section I Audio Frequency Track Circuit

Fig.1.4: Block diagram for AFTC

Section I Audio Frequency Track Circuit

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Fig2.1: Termination of AFTC with non-track circuited portion

Fig.2.2: Termination with conventional AC Track Circuit

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Fig.2.3: Termination with AFTC of other manufacturer

Fig.2.4: Return path of sub-station and parallel tracks

Fig.2.5: Termination with conventional DC Track Circuit

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