2006 NEC Corporation

MTD-SY-014
180101

PASOLINK NEO N+1 SERIES

4 - 11 GHz STM-1/OC-3
MICROWAVE RADIO SYSTEM
(64/128 QAM)
1+0 SYSTEM
1+1 TWIN PATH SYSTEM
1+1 HOT STANDBY SYSTEM
N+1 SYSTEM
N+0 SYSTEM

This document describes the current version of NEC standard equipment.

If there is any conflict between this document and the System Description
and/or the Compliance statement, the latter will supersede this document.
The specifications or configuration contained in this document are subject to
change without notice due to NEC's continuing design improvement.

NEC Corporation

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS........iii
1.

GENERAL ...........................................................................................................................1

2.

FEATURES .........................................................................................................................6

2.1

Conformity with the latest Standards .................................................................................6

2.2

Advanced Technologies ....................................................................................................6

2.3

Mounting in standard ETSI Racks .....................................................................................6

2.4

Various System Applications and Easy Expandability.......................................................6

2.5

Superior Low Noise Figure ................................................................................................6

2.6

Superior Automatic Transmit Power Control .....................................................................6

2.7

Superior Error Performance with FEC ...............................................................................7

2.8

Superior Adaptive Equalizers ............................................................................................7

2.9

Various STM-1 Interfaces ..................................................................................................7

2.10 Automatic Protection Switching (APS)...............................................................................7

2.11 Abundant Digital Service Channels and Wayside Traffics ................................................7
2.12 Alarm, Status and Performance Monitoring.......................................................................8
2.13 Orderwire Telephone Channels.........................................................................................8
2.14 MNS Standard Compliant ..................................................................................................8
2.15 Single Design Concept ......................................................................................................9
3.

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE...............................................................................................10

4.

OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................13

4.1

Transmitter-Receiver (TRX).............................................................................................13

4.2

Modulator-Demodulator ...................................................................................................15

4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4

Modulator-Demodulator (MODEM) Module........................................................................ 15

WS INTFC Module (Optional)............................................................................................. 15
N+1 Protection Switchover Control..................................................................................... 15
Interface Section of Modulator-Demodulator...................................................................... 15

4.3

Operation, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning ..............................................17

5.

OPTIONS ..........................................................................................................................18

6.

PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................19

6.1

64 QAM Systems.............................................................................................................19

6.2

128 QAM Systems...........................................................................................................20

6.3

ATPC ...............................................................................................................................21

6.4

Interfaces.........................................................................................................................21

6.5

Common ..........................................................................................................................24

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7.

SUPERVISION ITEMS ......................................................................................................25

7.1

Alarm Events* ..................................................................................................................25

7.2

Status Events* .................................................................................................................26

7.3

Remote Monitoring Items (displayed by the LCT)* ..........................................................26

7.4

Local Metering Items (measured by test equipment).......................................................26

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AC

Alternating Current

DECOD

Decoder

ACL

Alarm Control Logic

DFE

Decision Feedback Equalizer

ADP

Adaptive

DEM

Demodulator

AGC

Automatic Gain Control

D/I

Drop Insert

AIS

Alarm Indication Signal

DI REP

Drop and Insert Repeater

ALC

Automatic Level Control

DIST

Distributor

ALM

Alarm

DP

Differential Phase

ALS

Automatic Laser Shutdown

DPU

Digital Processing Unit

AMP

Amplifier

DSC

Digital Service Channel

APC

Automatic Phase Control

DTMF

Dual Tone Multifrequency

ATPC

Automatic Transmit Power

Control

ECC

Embedded Control Channel

EEPROM

AU

Administrative Unit

BB

Base Band

Electrically Erasable
Programmable Read-Only
Memory

BER

Bit Error Rate

EMC

Electromagnetic Compatibility

BPF

Band Pass Filter

ENC

Encoder

BR

Branching

E/O

Electrical-to-Optical

CENELEC

European Committee for

Electrotechnical Standardization

EPS

Endless Phase Shifter

EQL

Equalizer

CH

Channel

ESD

Electro-Static Discharge

CISPR

International Special Committee

on Radio Interference

ETS

European Telecommunications
Standard

CKT

Circuit

ETSI

CMI

Coded Mark Inversion

European Telecommunications
Standards Institute

CMOS

Complementary Metal Oxide

Semiconductor

FD

Frequency Diversity

FERF

Far-End Receive Failure

C/N

CMI to NRZ

FEC

Forward Error Correction

COMB

Combiner

FET

Field Effect Transistor

CONV

Converter

HDB

High Density Bipolar

CPU

Central Processing Unit

HEMT

High Electron Mobility Transistor

CTRL

Control

HIC

Hybrid Integrated Circuit

DADE

Differential Absolute Delay

Equalization

HS

Hot Standby

HYB

Hybrid

DC

Direct Current

IDB

Interface Distribution Board

DCCm

Data Communication Channel in

MSOH

IEC

International Electrotechnical
Committee

DCCr

Data Communication Channel in

RSOH

IF

Intermediate Frequency

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INS

Insertion

OC-3

Optical Carrier level-3

INTFC

Interface

O/E

Optical-to-Electrical

ITU

International Telecommunications
Union

OHA

Overhead Access

OIRT

ITU-R

Radio communication Sector of

ITU (formerly CCIR)

International Radio and Television

Organization

OPT

Optical

ITU-T

Telecommunication
Standardization Sector of ITU
(formerly CCITT)

OSC

Oscillator

OW

Orderwire

LAN

Local Area Network

Protection Channel

LCT

Local Craft Terminal

PACS

Protection Access Signal

LED

Light Emitting Diode

PC

Personal Computer

LMS

Local Management Service

PCM

Pulse Code Modulation

LO

Local Oscillator

PD

Phase Difference Detector

LOF

Loss Of Frame

PDH

Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

LOG

Logic

PMON

Performance Monitoring

LOP

Loss Of Pointer

Pout

Transmitter output power

LOS

Loss Of Signal

ppm

Parts Per Millions

LSI

Large Scale Integrated Circuit

P/Q

In-Phase/Quadrature

MAINT

Maintenance

PROC

Processor

MDP

Modulator/Demodulator
Equipment

PROT

Protection

PS

Power Supply

MIC

Microwave Integrated Circuit

QAM

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

MID

Minimum In-band Dispersion

RC

Regular Channel

MIX

Mixer

RCVD

Received

MLCM

Multi-Level Coding Modulation

REG

Regular

MLM

Multi-Longitudinal Mode

RF

Radio Frequency

MOD

Modulator

RFCOH

MON

Monitor

Radio Frame Complementary

Overhead

MS

Multiplex Section

RMCI

MSOH

Multiplex Section Overhead

Radio Message Communication

Interface

MSP

Multiplex Section Protection

RS

Reed Solomon

MST

Multiplex Section Termination

RSOH

Regenerator Section Overhead

N/C

NRZ to CMI

RST

Regenerator Section Termination

NE

SDH Network Element

RX

Receiver

NFB

Non-Fuse Breakers

SD

Space Diversity

NMS

Network Management System

SDH

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

NORM

Normal (no alarms)

SOH

Section Overhead

NRZ

Non-Return to Zero

SSM

Synchronization Status Message

OAM&P

Operation, Administration,
Maintenance and Provisioning

STM

Synchronous Transport Module

SV

Supervision

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

SW

Switch

TTL

Transistor-Transistor Logic

SWCL

Switchover Control Logic

TX

Transmitter

SWO

Switchover

VC

Virtual Container

SYNTH

Synthesizer

WS

Wayside

TCN

Threshold Crossing Notification

XPIC

TDAE

Time Domain Adoptive Equalizer

Cross-Polarization Interference
Canceler

TRP

Transmitter/Receiver Equipment

TRSV

Transversal

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

1. GENERAL
The PASOLINK NEO N+1 Series Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) long-haul microwave
radio systems are designed for the transmission of synchronous transport module level 1
(STM-1) or optical carrier level-3 (OC-3).
They operate in frequency bands from 4 to 11 GHz; using 64 or 128 Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation (QAM) as shown in Table 1 System Menu, have a transmission capacity of STM1 or OC-3 per radio frequency (RF) channel, and the following basic specifications:

Capacity

: 155.52 Mbps per system

Configuration

: RST only (MST available with built-in MUX)

N+1 (N: 1-9)
N+0 (N: 1-10)
1+1 Twin path
1+1 HS
2+0 CCDP (Co-Channel Dual Polarized transmission with
XPIC)

SD Constitution

: IF Combined system (3D SD)

Mounting

: 10 system in ETSI Rack including MUX

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BR section

TRP section

MDP section

MUX section

Figure 1. Internal and External View

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

( T X / RX / SD RX )
BR CKT / DUP CKT

SD

SD

SD

SD

SD

SD

SD

SD

SD

SD

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

TRP
(TX)
(RX)

R1

R2

R3

R4

R5

R6

R7

R8

R9

2200 mm

FAN UNIT

NFB

MDP

MDP

MDP

MDP

MDP

INTFC

MDP

INTFC

IDB

MDP

MDP

MDP

MDP

Depth : 300
OPTIONAL
SPACE

600 mm
Figure 2. Equipment Configuration for a 3+1 Terminal

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MTD-SY-014/180101

CTRL

Figure 3. N+1 FD/SD Terminal Station Simplified System Block Diagram

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

Table 1. System Menu

L4GHz

U4GHz

5GHz

L6GHz

U6GHz

7.5GHz

8GHz

11GHz

64QAM

128QAM

FD

FD/SD

HS/HS

HS/SD

+33dBm

+32dBm

ATPC

XPIC

Circulator

Contiguous*

Modulation
Scheme

Diversity

TX Power

Branching
Circuit

Common Baseband Interface

STM-1 Optical, STM-1 Electrical and OC3

DC Power Input

-48V (-40.5V to -57V)

Wayside Transmission

2x2 Mbps or 2x1.5Mbps for 64 QAM

1x2 Mbps or 1x1.5Mbps for 128QAM

Legend: | Available

Note*: Contiguous branching circuit will be available only for XPIC system

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2. FEATURES
2.1

Conformity with the latest Standards

All NEC NE's are fully SDH compatible and conform to the relevant ITU-R and ITU-T
Recommendations and European Telecommunications Standards (ETS).

2.2

Advanced Technologies

Throughout the SDH radio system, NEC's own advanced technologies are used. Intensive
use of Microwave Integrated Circuits (MIC's) and Hybrid IC's (HIC's) makes the TRP durable
and compact. In addition, custom-made large-scale integrated circuits (LSI's) are applied. For
example, the new digital MODEM is incorporated into a single LSI chip developed by NEC
specifically for radio equipment. Furthermore, low-power high-speed complementary metal
oxide semiconductors (CMOS) LSIs are extensively used, making the equipment more
compact and reducing the power consumption.

2.3

Mounting in standard ETSI Racks

All sub-racks in NEC's SDH Family including radio, fiber optics transmission systems and
add-drop multiplexers, are mounted in standard 2,200 mm high ETSI racks which meet
prETS 300 119-3 (refer to Figure 1). The width of the electronics is 500 mm (standard),
allowing 50 mm wide cable ducts at both sides of the rack. This vendor-independent solution
provides full front access and simplifies future expansion. Standard SDH radio systems are
shipped fully rack-mounted and intra-rack wired, enabling easy and quick installation. Fans to
cool the equipment are not required.

2.4

Various System Applications and Easy Expandability

Various system applications such as N+1 Frequency Diversity (FD) and Hot-Standby (HS)
protection switching systems are available. The system can easily be expanded by adding
modules and/or subracks to the existing configuration to add transmission capacity. The
maximum protected transmission capacity is 11+1. The N+1 protection switchover is hitless,
resulting in error free switchover operation.

2.5

Superior Low Noise Figure

The very low noise figure of the receivers results in a high system gain.

2.6

Superior Automatic Transmit Power Control

NECs SDH radio equipment is equipped with Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC)
function as standard. The ATPC function reduces interference against neighboring systems,
reduces the adverse effect of up fading propagation, improves residual BER performance,
reduces power consumption and improves equipment reliability.

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2.7

NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

Superior Error Performance with FEC

Reed-Solomon (R-S) or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) coding is used as a forward error
correction (FEC) system to ensure a superior error performance.
The merits of LDPC are:
i) Superior coding gain (approximately 1.0 dB at BER=10-6 without LDPC)
ii) Low coding redundancy enabling transmission of one 2 Mbit/s wayside (WS)
channels in the Radio Frame Complementary Overhead (RFCOH) *
iii) Low operation speed of decoder.
* Note: 64QAM System :
128QAM System :

2.8

2 x 2 Mbit/s or 2 x 1.5 Mbit/s

1 x 2 Mbit/s or 1 x 1.5 Mbit/s.

Superior Adaptive Equalizers

NECs SDH radio equipment is equipped with a baseband type Time Domain
Adaptive Equalizer (TDAE). The TDAE consists of linear equalizer as forward taps.
Adoption of the latest in NECs own LSI technology significantly enhances the TDAE
capability to equalize waveform distortion and inter symbol interference in the time
domain.

2.9

Various STM-1 Interfaces

The system can be equipped with an electrical or an optical STM-1 interface for each
channel. The optical interface is available for two different cable lengths: for intra-office and
long haul inter-office applications.

2.10

Automatic Protection Switching (APS)

This function enables the connection of a 1+1 redundancy for optical fiber cable directly to
the radio equipment.

2.11

Abundant Digital Service Channels and Wayside Traffics

In addition to the STM-1/OC-3 main traffic signal, the following digital service channels
(DSCs) and wayside (WS) channels are available in all radio hops. These channels are
transported in the RFCOH and can be dropped and inserted at every terminal and repeater
stations.
DSC :
WS :

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1ch 64 Kbit/s + 1ch 192 Kbit/s, or 4ch 64Kbit/s

1ch (128QAM) 2Mbit/s or 2ch (64QAM) 1.5 Mbit/s

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

2.12

MTD-SY-014/180101

Alarm, Status and Performance Monitoring

Performance monitoring is built-in, including:

a) Performance parameters as in ITU-T G.826
b) Counting the number of protection switchover operations (for 1+1 and N+1)
c) Accumulation of the failed time for individual regular channels.
The operator can perform monitoring and control functions, by using the LCT (Local Craft
Terminal), or by using a Network Management System (NMS).
Furthermore, SV facilities enable monitoring and control of external equipment such as
housekeeping facilities.

2.13

Orderwire Telephone Channels

Orderwire (OW) and Omnibus OW are available on NEC's SDH Radio as option use. These
channels provide voice communications throughout the entire SDH Radio network.

2.14

MNS Standard Compliant

Management features are designed in convivial graphical interfaces based on Java

development for local management by using PNMTj (PASOLINK Network Management
Terminal Java version) and for central supervision by using PNMSj (PASOLINK Network
Management System Java version). NMS System architecture is facilitated by NEs IP
addresses auto-detection.

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2.15

NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

Single Design Concept

NECs SDH family includes a wide variety of transmission systems, such as the radio, adddrop multiplexer and NMS, thus opening a full range of configurations for various
applications. As an example, a ring closure (see Figure 4) is possible with the combination of
NEC's multiplexers and the NEO N+1 Series SDH radio. Such systems have a self-healing
ring function.

.
.
.
.
.
.

2/34 Mbit/s

2/34 Mbit/s

V-Node-S

V-Node-S

2/34 Mbit/s

V-Node-S

.
.
.
.
.
.

SDH Radio

2/34 Mbit/s

V-Node-S
.
.
.
.
.
.

2/34 Mbit/s

SDH Radio

SDH Radio

V-Node-S

SDH Radio

V-Node-S

V-Node-S

.
.
.
.
.
.

2/34 Mbit/s

V-Node-S
.
.
.
.
.
.

V-Node-S
.
.
.
.
.
.

2/34 Mbit/s

2/34 Mbit/s
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.

2/34 Mbit/s

2/34 Mbit/s

V-Node-S
.
.
.
.
.
.

Figure 4 Ring Closure Network by applying a variety of NECs NEs

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3. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The typical system architecture of a 3+1 FD/SD terminal station is shown in Figure 5 and of a
repeater station in Figure 6.
An optical or electrical STM-1 signal is fed to the interface units of the ModulatorDemodulator (MDP). SOH termination process of the line side and SOH insertion process of
the radio side are performed in the interface units.
Then, the signal is fed to the modulator section of the MODEM, which produces a 64 QAM or
128 QAM modulated IF signal. For the modulation schemes and system menu, please refer
to Table 1. The modulated IF signal is fed to the transmitter section of the TRX which
converts the IF signal to the RF signal.
At the opposite station, the RF signal is received by the receiver section of TRX, which
converts the RF signal to an IF signal. The IF signal is demodulated to the digital signal and
error correction is performed by the demodulator section of the MODEM.
The demodulated baseband signal is fed to the interface units of MDP, which terminates the
SOH bytes of the radio side and inserts the SOH bytes for the line side, and if applicable,
provides hitless switching and electrical-optical conversion.
Furthermore, 1+1 redundancy for optical interface are provided as optional functions.

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

TRANSMITTERRECEIVER

MODULATOR-DEMODULATOR

TR DIST

TRX

TX SW

Data In *

150M
INTFC *

TX RF

BPF

FET
AMP

RX IF

RX RF

DIST
SW

SD RX
RF *

ATPC

WS In *
WS Out *

WS
INTFC *
a

TX RF

150M
UNIT
SW *

BPF

FET
AMP

RX IF

RX RF

MODEM

a
OH INTFC
150M
INTFC *

SD RX
RF *

ATPC

OH EXT *
TRX

Data In

TX RF
OPT
INTFC

BPF

FET
AMP

RX IF

RX RF

MODEM

Data Out
a

WS In *
WS Out *

BB SW
CTRL *

OPT
INTFC *

WS
INTFC *

Data In
Data Out

TRX
TX RF

OPT
INTFC

BPF

FET
AMP

RX IF

RX RF

MODEM

a
ATPC

Data In *
Data Out *

Circulator
type
or
Contiguous
mode type *

SD RX
RF *

ATPC

Data In *
Data Out *

SD *

TRX

150M
INTFC

Data Out

MAIN

MODEM

Data Out *

Data In

BRANCHING
CIRCUIT

SD RX
RF *

OPT
INTFC *

CTRL

CLK
CLK

CTRL

* : Option
Figure 5. 3+1 FD/SD with Protection Access Terminal Station Block Diagram (N+1)

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

BRANCHING
CIRCUIT

MTD-SY-014/180101

TRANSMITTERRECEIVER

MODULATORDEMODULATO
R

TRX

MAIN

FET
AMP

BPF

RX RF

RX IF

SD RX
RF *

SD *

BPF

RX RF

RX IF

SD RX
RF *

MODEM

ATPC

WS
WS
INTFC * INTFC *

TX RF

MODEM

Circulator
type
or
Contiguous
mode type *

BPF

FET
AMP

RX IF

RX RF
SD RX
RF *

ATPC

MODEM

TX RF

MODEM
OH
INTFC

OH
INTFC

BPF

FET
AMP

RX IF

RX RF

TRX

TRX
BPF

RX RF

RX IF

SD RX
RF *

TX RF

MODEM

TX RF

MODEM
ATPC

WS
WS
INTFC * INTFC *

TRX
FET
AMP

BPF

RX RF

RX IF

SD RX
RF *

SD *

SD RX
RF *

ATPC

OH EXT OH EXT
*
*

FET
AMP

MAIN

TRX

TX RF

ATPC

BRANCHING
CIRCUIT

TRX

TX RF

TRX
FET
AMP

TRANSMITTERRECEIVER

BPF

FET
AMP

RX IF

RX RF

Circulator
type
or
Contiguous
mode type *

SD RX
RF *

ATPC

TRX

TX RF

MODEM

TX RF

MODEM
ATPC

ATPC

CTRL

CTRL

BPF

FET
AMP

RX IF

RX RF
SD RX
RF *

CTRL

* : Option
Figure 6. Example of 3+1 FD/SD Regenerative Repeater Station Block Diagram
(expandable N+1)

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4. OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION
This chapter describes the operation of the transmitter-receiver, modulator-demodulator and
CRTL Mg (Management, Operation, Administration, and Maintenance & Provisioning).

4.1

Transmitter-Receiver (TRX)

The Transmitter-Receiver consists of a TX RF, TX SYNTH, FET AMP, DC-DC CONV, INTFC
BOARD, RX RF, RX SYNTH and RX IF.
TX RF
The TX RF contains an IF AMP and TX frequency converter. The IF AMP amplifies the input
IF signal. The frequency converter converts the 140 MHz IF signal into an RF signal by
mixing it with the local oscillator signal generated by the TX SYNTH.
TX SYNTH
The TX SYNTH contains Automatic Phase Controlled Oscillator (APC OSC) utilizing a
frequency-synthesized system that features high frequency stability and easy frequency
setting.
FET AMP
The FET AMP consists of a linearizer and internal matched FET amplifiers. The operational
output level is controlled with Automatic Level Control (ALC).
DC-DC CONV
The DC-DC CONV consists of a switching regulator and provides stabilized low voltage
outputs for the Transmitter-Receiver using the primary DC input.
INTFC BOARD
The INTFC BOARD has the capability of Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC) and
communication to the CTRL module in the Modulator and Demodulator (MDP) section. The
INTFC BOARD generates an RF output power control signal depending on the RF receiver
input power level at the opposite station.
RX RF
The RX RF consists of a pre-RF amplifier, RX frequency converter and IF amplifier. The preRF amplifier with high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) has an AGC function to avoid any
distortion due to overload. The RX frequency converter contains a wideband, imagecanceling, balanced mixer and converts the RF signal into an IF signal.
The SD RX RF (optional, for space diversity) consists of a pre-RF amplifier, RX frequency
converter, endless phase shifter (EPS) and IF amplifier. The pre-RF amplifier with HEMT
amplifier has an AGC function to avoid distortion due to overload. The RX frequency
converter contains a wideband, image-canceling, balanced mixer, which mixes the received
RF signal with the signal from the EPS and produces an IF signal. The EPS automatically
shifts the phase of the local oscillator signal received from the RX SYNTH according to the
control signal from the IF COMB in the RX IF.

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RX SYNTH
The RX SYNTH contains APC OSC with a frequency-synthesized system featuring high
frequency stability and easy frequency setting.
RX IF
The RX IF consists of an IF BPF, delay equalizer, an IF amplifier and IF COMB (optional, for
space diversity). The IF BPF eliminates the out-band noise in the IF signal. The delay
equalizer compensates for the delay distortion caused by the waveguide feeder of aerial
system. The IF amplifier amplifies the IF signal to the specified level with AGC operation.
The optional IF COMB is used for the space diversity system. The IF COMB comprises the IF
combiner, MID combiner and SD control. The IF combiner detects the phase difference
between the two output IF signals from the RX RF and SD RX RF in the phase difference
detector (PD), generates digital control signal to control the EPS in the RX RF and acts as an
in-phase combiner. The MID combiner detects in-band distortion of combined signal level
and generates the control signal to the EPS. The MID combiner is selected in the normal
condition. The IF combiner is selected when S/N of combined signal is degraded.
The delay time difference between the receive signals from the main antenna and SD
antenna is compensated with an electrical IF differential absolute delay equalizer (DADE).

Figure 7. Fundamental Block Diagram for an N+1 Radio Relay System

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MTD-SY-014/180101

4.2

NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

Modulator-Demodulator

4.2.1

Modulator-Demodulator (MODEM) Module

The modulator-demodulator (MODEM) consists of FEC encoder, QAM modulator, QAM

demodulator, time domain adaptive equalizer (TDAE), FEC decoder function.
The QAM Modulator / demodulator coherently modulate / demodulate 64 QAM or 128
QAM.
The TDAE dynamically compensates for the delay and amplitude distortion of regenerated
data signals, which are caused by multi-path fading. The TDAE contains a ten tap linear
equalizer, a six taps DFE function, and a control signal generator for the QAM demodulator.
The FEC encoder / decoder perform error correction by calculation with additional
redundancy stream bits.

4.2.2

WS INTFC Module (Optional)

The WS INTFC provides the access to the wayside channels transported in the radio frame
complementary overhead (RFCOH). The following numbers of wayside channels are
available:
- One 2Mbit/s or two 1.5Mbit/s for 128QAM system

4.2.3

N+1 Protection Switchover Control

N+1 protection switching is provided by the protection switchover control circuitry consisting
of the SWO (Switchover Unit) module.
The SWO modules have control logic for N+1 protection switching and interface logic circuits
for the protection channel and regular channels and the basic rack. Alarm, status and
performance monitoring facilities are also provided in the SWO module, which processes
stores and interfaces this information to the CTRL section.

4.2.4

Interface Section of Modulator-Demodulator

1) Transmit Section
The transmit section provides the following functions:
a) Optical-to-electrical signal conversion (optical interface)
b) Coded mark inversion (CMI) to non-return to zero (NRZ) code conversion (electrical
interface)
c)

AIS detection and sending

d) RDI detection and sending

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

MTD-SY-014/180101

2) Receive Section
The receive section provides the following functions:
a) Hitless switching
b) AIS detection and sending
c) RDI detection and sending
d) Electrical-to-optical signal conversion (optical interface)
e) NRZ to CMI conversion (electrical interface)

2
A1

1
A1
B1
D1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

3
A1

4
A2
E1
D2

5
A2

6
A2

7
0
F1
D3

9
RSOH

AU POINTER
B2

B2
D4
D7
D10
S1

Z1

B2

Z1

K1
D5
D8
D11
Z2

Z2

M1

K2
D6
D9
D12
E2

MSOH

Name

Bytes

Purpose ITU-R Rec. 750

A1,A2

Frame alignment A1: 111100110/A2: 00101000 (defined).

For STM-N bytes shall be 3xN for A1 and A2 respectively: Unscrambled

J0

B1

Regenerator Section Trace

BIP-8 (Bit Interleaved Parity 8)
Bit error monitoring between Repeaters and Terminals

E1
F1

1
1

D1-D3

Unsert channel to be used by operator

DCCr (Regenerator Section Data Communication Channel) 192 kbit/s
SV and Control between Repeaters and Terminals

Media specific bytes: Available for Radio Specific usage

B2
E2
K1 - K2
D4 - D12
Z1 - Z2

S1
M1

3
1
2
9
4
4
26
2
1
1

RSOH

Orderwire accessble at both terminals and repeaters

BIP-Nx4 Multiplex section bit error monitoring

Orderwire between Terminals
MSOH

Automatic protection switching (switch between terminals)

DCCm (Multiplex Section DCC)
Reserved Not yet defined
Reserved for national usage

R/MSOH

Reserved for international sandardization

RSOH

Reserved for national usage: unscrambled

Synchronization status (b5 - b8)

MSOH

Used for multiplex section REI (Remote Error Indication)

Figure 8. Allocation and Usage of SOH Bytes

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MTD-SY-014/180101

4.3

NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

Operation, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning

CTRL functions available in the NEO N+1 Series SDH Radio Systems are summarized as
follows:
(1) Network Element Facilities with display and controls
Alarm and status management
Performance management
(2) NMS based management functions with SNMP interface
(3) N+1 Protection switchover control function (automatic/manual)
(4) NE auto discovery

SOH: E1 & E2

OW

Serial interface

NMS

PNMTj / LCT

Figure 9. CTRL Functional Block Diagram

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

MTD-SY-014/180101

5. OPTIONS
(1) Baseband Interface
The baseband interface can be selected from the following:
STM-1

Electrical

150M INTFC

STM-1/OC-3

Optical Intra-office

OPT INTFC

STM-1/OC-3

Optical Inter-office Long Haul

OPT INTFC

(2) Wayside Traffic (optional)

The WS INTFC module provides an access to the 2 Mbit/s or 1.5 Mbit/s wayside channels
the RFCOH. The following numbers of wayside channels are available:
- One 2Mbit/s or one 1.5Mbit/s (128QAM), two 2Mbit/s or two 1.5Mbit/s
(3) Orderwire (optional)
An OW module is available to provide an omnibus OW channel at the repeater, and omnibus
and express OW channels at the terminal.
(4) Power Supply (Optional/selectable)
The system can be equipped with DC-DC converters selected from -48V DC or +/-24VDC /
+48V DC.
(5) Space Diversity Receiver (optional)
The space diversity receiver is available to improve the path performance during an abnormal
propagation condition (i.e., deep fading).
(6) Transmitter Output Power (selectable)
Please refer to the performance and characteristics tables in Sections 6.1 and 6.2 for the
available output power options.

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MTD-SY-014/180101

NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

6. PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS

6.1

64 QAM Systems
Item

4 GHz

5 GHz

U6 GHz

8 GHz

11 GHz

ITU-R F.635-4

ITU-R F.1099-2

ITU-R F.384-6

ITU-R F.387-7

40 MHz

40 MHz

40 MHz

ITU-R F.386-5
ANNEX 2
40.74 MHz

40 MHz

TX Power
(excluding BR CKT Loss)
(10W) (dBm)

33.0

33.0

33.0

33.0

1.0 dB

Noise Figure **2

(dB)

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

3.0

+1.0 dB

C/N vs. BER **2

-3
10
-6
10

(dB)
(dB)

20.1
20.6

20.1
20.6

20.1
20.6

20.1
20.6

20.1
20.6

+2 dB
+3 dB

RSL Overload
(excluding BR CKT Loss)
-3
10 (dBm)

-15.0

-15.0

-15.0

-15.0

-15.0

-2 dB

RSL vs. BER

(excluding BR CKT Loss)
-3
10
(dBm)
-6
10
(dBm)

-76.5
-76.0

-76.5
-76.0

-76.5
-76.0

-76.5
-76.0

-76.0
-76.5

+3.0 dB
+4.0 dB

Frequency Plan
Channel Spacing

Guaranteed

System Gain
(excluding BR CKT Loss)
-3

(dB)

106.0
105.5

-3.0 dB
-4.0 dB

-3

(dB)

109.5
109.5

109.5
109.5

109.5
109.5

109.5
109.5

-3.0 dB
-4.0 dB

(5W)
-6
10

10
(dB)

(10W)
-6
10

10
(dB)

-13

R-BER

10

-13

-13

10

-13

10

10

-13

10

-12

10

BR CKT Loss **2

(dB)
(dB)
(dB)
(dB)
(dB)
(dB)

4.8
5.2
5.5
5.8

4.5
4.9
5.3
5.6

4.9
5.3
5.6
5.9

5.8
6.1
6.4

5.6
6.1
6.4
6.9
9.2
9.6

+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB

BR CKT Loss **2

(Contiguous type)
1+3
(dB)
1+7
(dB)

6.9
6.9

6.6
6.6

6.6
6.6

***
***

+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB

UDR-84

UDR-100

1+0
1+1
1+2
1+3
1+4
1+5

Tuneable Range
Waveguide Interface

Half band
UDR-40

UDR-48

UDR-70

*1 High Power Option

**2 Data may be changed in the near future.

Sy014.DOC

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

6.2

MTD-SY-014/180101

128 QAM Systems

Item

Frequency Plan

4 GHz

L6 GHz

7 GHz

8 GHz

Guaranteed

ITU-R F.382-7

ITU-R F.383-5

ITU-R F.385-6

29 MHz

29.65 MHz

28 MHz

ITU-R F.386-5
ANNEX 1
29.65 MHz

TX Power
(excluding BR CKT Loss)
(10W) (dBm)

32.0

32.0

32.0

32.0

1.0 dB

Noise Figure **2 (dB)

2.5

2.5

2.5

3.0

+1.0 dB

C/N vs. BER **2

-3
10
(dB)
-6
10
(dB)

24.0
25.0

24.0
25.0

24.0
25.0

24.0
25.0

+2.0 dB
+3.0 dB

RSL Overload
(excluding BR CKT Loss)
-3
10
(dBm)

-15.0

-15.0

-15.0

-15.0

-2 dB

RSL vs. BER

(excluding BR CKT Loss)
-3
10
(dBm)
-6
10
(dBm)

-73.5
-72.5

-73.5
-72.5

-73.5
-72.5

-73.5
-72.5

+3.0 dB
+4.0 dB

105.5
104.5

105.5
104.5

105.5
104.5

105.5
104.5

-3.0 dB
-4.0 dB

Channel Spacing

System Gain
(excluding BR CKT Loss)
(10W)

-3

10
-6
10

(dB) *1
(dB)

-13

R-BER

10

-13

10

-13

10

-13

10

-12

10

BR CKT Loss **2

1+0
1+1
1+2
1+3

(dB)
(dB)
(dB)
(dB)

BR CKT Loss **2

(Contiguous Type)
1+3
(dB)
1+7
(dB)

5.0
5.5
5.8

4.9
5.3
5.6
6.0

5.8
6.1
6.5

6.1
6.5
6.8
7.1

+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB

6.9
6.9 (1+5)

6.6
6.6

***
***

***
***

+1.0 dB
+1.0 dB

Tuneable Range
Waveguide Interface

Half band
UDR-40

UDR-58

UDR-70

UDR-84

*1 High Power Option

**2 Data may be changed in the near future.

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MTD-SY-014/180101

6.3

NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

ATPC

(1)

Dynamic Range

15 dB to 0 dB

(2)

Control Steps

1 dB

(3)

Fading Tracking Speed

100 dB/second

(4)

RSL Operating Range

-40 to -70 dBm

(5)

DC Power Consumption Reduction

-40%/FET AMP

6.4
(1)

Interfaces
Main Traffic, Electrical (STM-1)
Type (ITU-T G.703)

In station section, full functionality

Bit Rate

155.520 Mbit/s 20 ppm

Level

1 Vp-p (nominal)
TX accepts 12.7 dB cable loss at 78 MHz

Code Format

CMI

Impedance

75 ohms, unbalanced (nominal)

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

(2)

MTD-SY-014/180101

Main Traffic, Optical (STM-1)

TYPE (ITU-T G.957)

Intra-office (I.1/S.1.1)

Functionality

Long haul
Inter-office (L.1.1)
Full

Bit Rate

155.520 Mbit/s

Code Format

NRZ

Wavelength

1,310 nm

Connect (On front of panel)

LC-type

Transmitter (Data OUT)

Source Type
Maximum Spectral Width

MLM
40 nm / 7.7 nm

4 nm

-8 to -15 dBm

0 to -5 dBm

8.2 dB

10 dB

0 to 7 dB / 0 to 12 dB

10 to 28 dB

Minimum Sensitivity

-23 dBm / -28 dBm

-34 dBm

Minimum Overload

-8 dBm

-10 dBm

Mean Launched Power

Minimum Extinction Ratio
Optical Path
Attenuation Range
Receiver (Data IN)

Maximum Optical Path

Penalty

1 dB

Safety
Laser Product Safety

IEC 825 Class 1

Automatic Laser Shutdown

ITU-T G. 958

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MTD-SY-014/180101

(3)

NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

Wayside Traffic Transmission (Optional, on MDP, using RFCOH)

Bit Rate

1 x 2.048 Mbit/s 50 ppm

/ 1 x 1.544 Mbit/s 130 ppm

Input/Output Level
(nominal)

2.37 Vp-p / 3.0 Vp-p /3.0 Vo-p (1.544 Mbit/s)

Code Format

High Density Bipolar (HDB)-3/ AMI or B8ZS

Impedance (nominal)

75 ohms, unbalanced/ 120 ohms, balanced/100

ohms, balanced (1.544Mbit/s)

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

6.5

MTD-SY-014/180101

Common

(1)

Power Requirements

-48V DC (-40.5 to -57.0V DC)

(2)

Power Consumption

Approximately 300W (for 4-U8GHz, 1+1 Terminal, 10 W

FET amplifier type, e/w SD), 70W/TRP, 50W/MDP

(3)

Temperature Range (Excluding LCT)

ETS300 019-2-3

(4)

Guaranteed Operation

-5C to +50C

Workable Operation

-10C to +55C

Transport and Storage

-30C to +70C

Relative Humidity (Excluding LCT)

Guaranteed Operation

Less than 90% at +45C

Workable Operation

Less than 90% at +50C

Transport and Storage

Less than 90% at +50C

Guaranteed Operation

Up to 4,000 m

(6)

Electrostatic Discharge
(ESD)

4 kV on external surface - No error (Test method: IEC

861-2)

(7)

Electro-Magnetic
Compatibility (EMC)

In accordance with ETSI standard and CISPR

Pub.22/85 Class A, equivalent to CENELEC EN 55022
Class A (with front cover) .

(8)

Weight

Maximum 200Kg

(5)

Altitude

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MTD-SY-014/180101

NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

7. SUPERVISION ITEMS
7.1

Alarm Events*

No.

Event Name

Event Condition

LOSS OF SIGNAL

Input signal lost

LOSS OF FRAME

Frame synchronization lost

LED
h
h
-3

EXCESSIVE BER

-5

BER degraded worse than preset value (BER=10 to 10 )

-5

-9

SIGNAL DEGRADE

Signal degraded worse than preset value (BER=10 to 10 )

LOSS OF POINTER

Loss of Pointer

MAINTENANCE

MAINT SW switch on CTRL module set to MAINT status

OUTPUT LEVEL DOWN

MOD IF output signal level decreases

INPUT LEVEL DOWN

Synchronization lost / DEM IF input signal level decrease

TX LEVEL ALM

TX output power down below normal

10

TX APC ALM

TX local oscillator becomes unlocked

11

RECEIVE LEVEL ALM

RX RF input level decreased

12

RX APC ALM

RX Local Oscillator unlocked

13

MAIN RECEIVE LEV ALM

Main receiver IF level decreased

14

SD RECEIVE IN LEV ALM

SD receiver IF level decreased

15

SD CTRL ALM

SD combiner function failure

16

COMM ALM

ATPC communication failure

17

HS SW SERVICE FAILURE

Hot standby system failure

* : The alarm events are tabulated for major items only.

Rack top LED alarm

No.

Item

Alarm

PM

Prompt maintenance alarm (red LED)

DM

Deferred maintenance alarm (red LED)

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NEO N+1 SERIES 4-11GHz STM-1/OC-3

7.2

Status Events*

No.

Event Name

AIS RECEIVED

MTD-SY-014/180101

Event Condition
Detection of AIS

* : The status events are tabulated for major items only.

7.3
No.

Remote Monitoring Items (displayed by the LCT)*

Parameter Name

Impairment Event

TX PWR

Transmitter Output Power at TX OUT (dBm)

RX IN LEV

Received Signal Level (dBm)

MAIN IN LEV

Received Main Signal Level (dBm)

SD IN LEV

Received SD Signal Level (dBm)

BBE

Summary of Background Block Error

ES

Summary of Erred Second

SES

Summary of Severely Erred Second

* : The monitoring items are tabulated for major items only.

7.4

Local Metering Items (measured by test equipment)

No.

Item Name

Description

TX PWR

Transmitter Output Power at Antenna port

RX IN LEV

Received Signal Level

MAIN IN LEV

Received Main Signal Level

PS V

Output Voltage of DC-DC CONV

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MTD-SY-014/180101
Sy014.DOC

NEC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan