1

Gii thiu D n IRRI-ADB

v cc vn sau thu hoch la go Vit Nam
Nguyn Vn Hng, Trng Quang Tr ng, Phan Hiu Hin *

1.

DN NHP

Vit Nam l nc sn xut la go hng u trn th gii vi khong 42 triu tn la

thu hoch hoch hng nm, trong ng bng Sng Cu Long (BSCL) ng gp
hn 53% (GSO, 2011). Ch trng h tr u t pht trin cng ngh v thit b
nhm gim tn tht sau thu hoch v tng cht lng go ca chnh ph mang li
nhiu thnh qu ng k vi s lng v gi go xut khu tng lin tc trong nhng
nm gn y. Tuy nhin, so snh v i mt s nc trong khu vc nh Thi Lan, cht
lng v gi go ca Vit Nam vn thp hn; m mt nguyn nhn l do cng
on sau thu hoch v ch bin. Mt s nc trong khu vc nh Campuchia ,
Indonesia... cng c nhng vn tng t v sau thu hoch la go.
Trong nhng nm gn y, c nhiu yu t tc ng n sau thu hoch la go nh
chnh sch h tr ca chnh ph Vit Nam, s chuyn i phng thc sn xut kinh
doanh la go Vit Nam t nh l sang qui m ln, tp trung, cc chng trnh
quc t nh GTZ (c), ADB-IRRI, CARD,.. v D n sau thu hoch la go ang
trin khai do Ngn hng Pht trin Chu (ADB) phi hp Vin Nghin cu La
Quc t (IRRI) trin khai 3 nc Campuchia, Philippines, v Vi t Nam . Cc hot
ng D n sau thu hoch ADB-IRRI Vit Nam do Trng i hc Nng Lm Tp
H Ch Minh iu phi, vi s cng tc ca cc n v t 5 Vin Trng trong
nc. Mc ch ca D n nhm tng li nhun cho ngi nng dn trng la
thng qua h tr nng cao kin thc, k nng, cng ngh v thit b phc v thu
hoch v sau thu hoch.
Cc yu t ny y mnh s pht trin ca c gii ha sn xut la go, c bit
l cc khu cha kha c a chui sau thu hoch la go nh my GLH hin nay
tng 10 ln vi khong 7000 my BSCL so vi nm 2007 (on Xun Ho, et
al., 2012), sy la tng t 1000 my nm 1996 n 8000 my sy tnh nm 2011, v
khong 20 nh my trang b cc h thng sy thp dng cho sy la nng sut 300
n 1000 tn/ngy hin nay.
*

Ban iu phi D n IRRI-ADB -Vit Nam , Trng i hc Nng Lm Tp H Ch Minh

Bi vit tp trung s tng quan thc trng sau thu hoch la go Vit nam, gii
thiu D n ADB-IRRI sau thu hoch la go Vit Nam, mt s vn tn ti v
xut mt s gii php pht trin.

2.

S LC THC TRNG SAU THU HOCH LA GO

VIT NAM

Tn tht sau thu hoch BSCL nm 2003 khong 14% (B NN-PTNT v Danida
ASPS 2004). gim tn tht ny, cng nh tt c cc nc trn th gii, chng ta
c gii ha cc khu sau thu hoch. Cc bi tip theo s trnh by chi tit hn,
mc ny ch tm tt mt s nt chnh.
Gt p lin hp

Trong khong 5 nm gn y, c gii ha thu hoch la go tng mnh. Din tch

la c thu hoch bng my gt p lin hp (GLH) tng kh nhanh, nm
2013 c lng BSCL c 8500 GLH, thu hoch khong 60% lng la, nhng
phn b khng u cc Tnh t 20-90% (Cc CBTMNLTS & NM, 2013) , trong khi
cc vng khc BSCL c khong 1500 GLH thu hoch khong 20% lng la,
(khc nhau ty Tnh, t 1 n 30%).
Vi ch trng h tr t chnh ph, nhiu hi thi v my GLH c t chc
lin tip nh ti Cn Th (2006), Kin Giang (2007), ng Thp (2008), An Giang
(2009), Sc Trng (2010), v B nh nh (2011). Qua cc hi thi ny, hiu qu v
kh nng lm vic ca my GLH c chng minh v trnh din trc tip n
nng dn nn s lng my BSCL tng nhanh. Kt qu o lng, v d vi 14
my d thi An Giang: Nng sut thc t 0,25 ha/gi trn 1 m b rng lm vic
(0,16- 0,33 ha/h); tng hao ph 1,6% (0,6-2.8%).
Cc nh sn xut "thi ua" ci tin lin tc, v d trong hai Hi thi 2006 v 2007
vi la ng ch 1-2 my gt c, th t 2009 tt c cc my u gii quyt c.
Tuy nhin lu tng hao ph trn phn rung la ng tng n 4-8%, nng dn
phi chp nhn, v khng cn lao ng th cng na.

Hnh 1. Thu hoch la ng

Hnh 2. My qua knh

trn 2 thanh lt ng

Tt c cc my ny u s dng xch cao su (c coi l mt tin b k thut c

bn), nn d my nng 1,5- 2 tn, vn di ng c trn t tng i mm v
gt c la ng mc tn tht m nng dn chp nhn (Hnh 1). Thc s 2 tn
cng cn rt nh so vi cc mu my u M hay Thi Lan, (t 5 n 12 tn) nn
vn c th di chuyn qua ng hp v knh mng (Hnh 2).
Sy v Bo qun la go

S pht trin my sy la Vit Nam bt u t chic my sy v ngang u tin do

HNL lp K Sch (Sc Trng) nm 1982, n 1990 BSCL c khong 300 my,
mt na Sc Trng; n 1996 c khong 1500 my, nhng phn b khng u
theo lnh th: gn 60% s my Kin Giang (350 my), Sc Trng, v C n ThHu Giang. n cui 1996, cc my ny sy c khong 9% la h-thu BSCL.
Cht lng sy cng khng u trong thi k n 1996. C ni sy my khng nh
tt, cht lng, hn phi, thng ph m cng nh ging, m ht sy ng u.
C ni sy "ch nh rang go" ngha l gy ra gy go nhiu hn phi, hoc ht b
tro en bm v m khi, nng dn cha tin t ng vo my sy. nn "ma bo kt
lm mi sy".
T nm 1997 n 2006, vi s h tr thc y ca D n Danida Cn Th v Sc
Trng (1997-2001), v Chng trnh Sau thu hoch Danida v B Nng
nghip-PTNT 12 tnh BSCL (2002-2006), s my sy tng nhanh n 6200 my,
vi khong mt na ba tnh An Giang (1400 my), Kin Giang v Sc Trng.
Tnh chung, gii quyt sy cho khong 30% la h-thu BSCL. T l ny vn cha
p ng c yu cu ca cc tnh. Cao nht l An Giang nm 2006 cng ch
khong 40% lng la h-thu. Ti Kin Giang nm 2006, s trung bnh l 24%,
nhng mt s huyn mi ch 3 % la thu hoch v h thu c sy bng my. T
l la sy bng my cng khng tng ng vi s lng my sy, nhng ph thuc
vo thi tit; ngha l d c nhiu u im trn nhng dn vn phi nng khi c th.
iu ny gii thch ti sao ti Cn Th lng la sy bng my ch t 10 n 20%,
trong lc nng lc c th sy n 30%.
Khong thi gian ny, cc my sy v ngang (Hnh 3) c ci tin, a s
c khng nh cht lng sy tt hn phi. Vo v ng-Xun (thu hoch ma
kh), cng nhiu ni sy bng my c ph bin chim 30- 90% nh ti huyn
Ging-Ring, tnh Kin-Giang, huyn K-Sch v M-T, tnh Sc-Trng, huyn
G-Cng v Ch-Go, tnh Tin-Giang Nng dn ch bn la ti. Sy bng my
khng ch gim tn tht sau thu hoch m cn gi c cht lng ht. Nng dn
v ch nh my xay, cc cn b nhn ra iu ny, khc so vi quan im 10 nm v
trc. Nhng c bit vn c nhiu ni sy my cha t cht lng, ch cu la
khi ln mng m thi.

Trc 2007, cc loi my sy thp cha c s dng nhiu sy la. L do c

bn, cc loi my ny ch hot ng hiu qu vi la c m di 24%, ch c
v ng Xun, cn H Thu thng 28 30%, v l th thch u tin ca my sy
l i ph v H Thu, la v ny thng rt "d" ngha l y tp cht; i vo
thp sy la d ny dnh bt khng di chuyn c. Ngoi ra, vn gi u t v
chi ph sy cc loi my ny u kh cao so vi cc loi my sy tnh v ngang,
trong lc nhn cng cn r (cng lao ng vo thi ny qui ra gi 2012 ch khong 3
USD/ngy, khc vi hin nay 6 USD/ngy).

Hnh 3. My sy v ngang 8 tn/m

Hnh 4. My sy SRA

Nm 2012, s liu cp nht (Mai T. Phng & L.V.Bnh 2012) tip ni xu hng
tng my sy v ngang: Vi 9600 my sy, sy c 45% la h-thu BSCL;
vn phn b khng u, c Tnh nh An Giang sy n 70% bng my, nhng c
tnh ch t di 5%. Ngoi BSCL cc vng khc nh min Trung, min Bc, s
lng my sy rt t, nn sy cha n 1% tng lng la thu hoch.
Mt s thay i v phng thc kinh doanh la go, ch trng gieo s tp trung,
la c gt ch yu bng my gt p lin hp, nhu cu sy nng sut ln v ng
lot tng mnh dn n s pht trin v tng nhanh my sy tnh cng nh my sy
thp. My sy tnh c ci tin thnh my sy tnh o chiu khng kh sy,
vit tt SRA (Hnh 4).
T nm 2008, s lng my sy thp
tng nhanh p ng nhu cu thu
hoch tp trung bng my GLH, v
p ng phng thc mua la ti cc
nh my xay xt ln nng sut n 1000
tn/ngy.
c th sy c la m cao v h
thu BSCL, hin nay nhiu nh my
nh An Giang, ng Thp, Vnh Long
u t h thng sy thp kt hp vi
sy tng si giai on u vi chc
4

Hnh 5. H thng sy tng si thp

ti An Giang (2012)

nng lm sch la v h m khong 2-3%, nng sut n 1000 tn/ngy (Hnh 5).
Bo qun la

Bo qun la l nt tht c chai" m yu cu la trc khi a vo tr phi c

sy. Vit Nam ang tn ti ch yu l tr go bng bao trong kho, m khng tr
la. Tr la trong cc silo ln (Hnh 6) hu nh khng c s dng; l do:
-

Chi ph u t ln

K thut khng c ph bin hoc cha

c p dng rng ri.

La u vo khng ng u

Sn phm u ra (la tn tr) khng c gi tr

tng xng,

Xay xt la go
Hnh 6. Silo tn tr
Ch bin la go hin nay Vit Nam s dng
thit b hu nh 100% ch to trong nc. Thit b
xay xt c sn xut Vit Nam c th ni pht trin ngang tm th gii. Sn
phm ca mt s cng ty Vit Nam nh Bi Vn Ng v C kh Long An
(Lamico) c cht lng cao, kiu dng p, gi c cnh tranh khng nhng chim
u th th trng trong nc m xut khu kh nhiu ra nc ngoi.

Vit Nam hin nay, cc h thng xay xt go cht lng cao dng ru-l cao su
bc v, vi m la u vo di 15%. Mt s nh my sn xut go thng
(cht lng thp) thng xay xt la m cao hn (16-17%), dng h thng bc
v kiu a, xt trng, ri li sy go; theo mt "qui trnh ngc" lm gim cht
lng go, m th gii khng ai lm c.
San phng ng rung iu khin bng k thut Laser

San phng ng rung iu khin bng k thut Laser tuy khng phi l khu sau
thu hoch, m l khu ci to t v lm gim tn tht sau thu hoch: Mt rung
bng phng dn n la t ng, la ng u, do vy gim tn tht ri rng khi
thu hoch v gim t l gy v ht do sy hoc xay xt.
Vic ng dng cng ngh san phng ng rung iu khin bng k thut laser t
nm 2005 n nay chng minh c nhiu li ch san phng. San laser c
trin khai ng dng nhiu a phng nh Bc Liu, An Giang, Lm ng,
ak Lak, Long An (Hnh 14) v trong khun kh D n sau thu hoch IRRI-ADBVit Nam c lng vo ni dung tp hun trnh din Hu, B Ra-Vng Tu,
Kin Giang, Cn Th cho cc cn b nng nghip v khuyn nng ca 40 tnh
thnh. n nay c hn 700 ha la c san phng laser. Thng 5-2010, B
5

Nng nghip-PTNT cng nhn y l tin b k thut, cn m rng qui m p

dng cho sn xut BSCL v cc vng trng la cng nh cy trng cn khc.

Hnh 7. Bn my ko thao din san laser ti Long An, thng 4-2012

3.

CC YU T TC NG N S PHT TRIN
C GII HA SAU THU HOCH LA GO

Tnh nng ng, tm ti,... ca nng dn, nht l ng bng Sng Cu Long

S tham gia ca cc nh nghin cu cc Vin Trng, theo st din tin trong

sn xut.

S tham gia ca cc nh ch to thit b sau thu hoch, ln v nh.

H thng khuyn nng trong nc. V d: t chc bnh tuyn my gt p lin

hp.

Chnh sch ca h thng qun l nh nc (Trung ng hoc a phng); v d:

tn dng u i, h tr mt phn u t my mc.

nh hng ca s thay i qui trnh trng la v phng thc kinh doanh la

go.

S pht trin ca m hnh Cnh ng mu ln.

Cc chng trnh, d n quc t h tr gim tn tht sau thu hoch la go.

Cc chng trnh, d n quc t h tr gim tn tht sau thu hoch la go

Trong thi gian 20 nm qua, nhiu D n quc t h tr nghin cu v khuyn

nng sau thu hoch Vit Nam. Tm tt tng qut v mt s kt qu ca cc D n
t nm 1990 n nay nh sau:
1) D n IDRC 1993-1995
-

C quan h tr: International Development and Research Center

i tc: i hc Nng Lm Tp.HCM (NLU)

Kt qu: Mu my sy SHG4 (sau ny nhn rng n hn 600 my)

2) D n GTZ
-

C quan h tr: GTZ (the Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Technische Zusammenarbeit)

i tc: NLU

Kt qu: Mu my sy SRR-1 (sau ny nhn rng khong 1400 my Vit Nam,

v th nghim 6 nc khc).

3) D n ACIAR
-

C quan h tr: ACIAR (Australian Centre for International Agricultural

Research)

i tc: NLU

Kt qu: Qui trnh sy 2 giai on trong iu kin nng m BSCL

Kt qu: Mu my sy tng si STS-1 v STS-5 (sau ny c 2 c quan tham

kho v ci tin).

4) D n Danida
-

C quan h tr: Danida (Danish International Development Assistance)

i tc: B NN-PTNT

D n Danida gp phn ng k tng s lng my sy BSCL t 1000

my (1996) ln n 6000 my (2006).

Gm hai giai on:

a)

Giai on 1997-2001 Cn Th v Sc Trng, gm xy dng 2 nh my

ch bin go hin i, v cung cp vn quay vng (revolving fund) nng
dn vay lm my sy v ngang. Kt qu lp t 1200 my 2 Tnh ny.

b)

Giai on 2002-2006 vi Chng trnh Sau thu hoch Danida-B Nng

nghip&PTNT 12 tnh BSCL, ch yu h tr khuyn nng trong vic
tuyn truyn ph bin cng ngh sau thu hoch.

5) D n CARD Investigation of rice kernel crack ing and its control in the field
and during post-harvest processes in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam
-

C quan h tr: AusAID (Australian Agency for International Development )

i tc: Queensland University v NLU

Kt qu/tc ng ca d n:
+ Khuyn co v thi gian thu hoch nh hng n nt ht go.
+ Kho st, khuyn co mt s c tnh k thut thu hoch v sy la ng
bng sng Cu Long kim sot cht lng go.

6) D n ADB-IRRI sau thu hoch la go ang trin khai (2009-2013) s c

gii thiu trong phn k tip.

4.

GII THIU D N SAU THU HOCH ADB-IRRI-VN #1

D n ADB-IRRI sau thu hoch la go Vit Nam, vi mc tiu chnh "Gim tn

tht STH qua vic ph bin cc ci tin v phng php qun l STH, tng thu nhp
cho nng dn, v tng cng cc h thng khuyn nng" c bt u t thng 04
nm 2009. Cc hot ng chnh ca d n gm hi tho, tp hun, trnh din cc
m hnh hiu qu, h tr nghin cu ng dng khng nh hoc pht trin cng
ngh v thit b sau thu hoch hiu qu, v h tr pht trin cc m hnh kinh doanh
dch v k thut sau thu hoch hiu qu.
Hot ng thng tin

Cc hot ng nh hi tho sau thu hoch cho cp gim c (Hnh 8), tp hun ch
to gt p lin hp (Hnh 9), tp hun cng ngh sy (Hnh 10), trnh din san
phng (Hnh 11) c trin khai trn c nc, nhn ln (up-scaling, thng tin n
cc cp lnh o), nhn rng (out-scaling, thng tin n ngi dn) gp phn pht
trin cng ngh sau thu hoch hiu qu.
Ngoi ra, gp phn vo nhn ln v nhn rng thng tin cng ngh sau thu hoch,
trang web www.sauthuhoach.com c xy dng nhm gii thiu, cung cp
thng tin hu ch pht trin sau thu hoch. Hn 10 on phim (Video Clip) c
thc hin bi mt s i truyn hnh trong c nc v 5 chng trnh ngn v
GLH, sy, bo qun, san phng laser, xay xt la go c thc hin v pht
bi i truyn hnh Vnh Long (http://thvl.vn/?cat=235 ).

#1

Tn D n: ADB RETA 6489 Bringing about a Sustainable Agronomic Revolution in Rice Production in
Asia by Reducing Preventable Pre - and Postharvest Losses; Subcomponent 2 Reducing postharvest losses
and increasing income by producing bette r-quality rice (a cuc cch mng nng nghip bn vng vo sn
xut la go ti Chu bng cch gim thiu cc tht thot c th ngn nga c, trc v sau thu hoch.
Hp phn 2 "Gim tn tht sau thu hoch v tng thu nhp bng la go cht lng tt hn" )

Hnh 8. Ti liu v sau thu hoch phc v Hi

tho "cp Gim c ti Cn Th 2012

Hnh 10. Tp hun cng ngh sy

ti Hng Yn, 2011

Hnh 9. Tp hun ch to g my GDLH

ti Long An 2012

Hnh 11. Trnh din san phng laser

ti B Ra 2011

Hot ng nghin cu ng dng

D n h tr v trin khai nghin cu ng dng nhm xc nh hng gii quyt v

gii php cho cc vn lin quan n la go, khuyn co cc ch dch v v nng
dn sn xut la go la chn cng ngh v thit b c hiu qu. Cc th nghim
nhm tr li cc vn thc t t ra nhng cha c s liu kim chng trong iu
kin a phng. C th k mt s kt qu nghin cu in hnh nh sau:
So snh hiu qu ca xay xt la m (16%) v m (14%)
Nghin cu nh gi nh hng ca hai phng php i vi ch tiu % t l go
nguyn. Kt qu nghin cu c th hin nh Hnh 12 v 13. Cc kt qu th
nghim cho thy rng t l go nguyn ca la xay xt c m 14% t khong
50%, cao hn nhiu so vi t l go nguyn ch t 34% khi xay xt la c m
16% (Nguyn Vn Xun v ctv, 2010).

Head grain rate of pappdy14% and 16% MC milling

Head grain rate (%)

60
50

paddy14%MC

40

Paddy16%MC

30
20
10
0
S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

16

16

16

14

14

14

TN

TN

TN

3
2.

2
2.

3
1.

2
1.

1
1.

1
2.

TN

TN

TN

Hnh 12. Th nghim so snh hiu

qu xay xt la theo m

Hnh 13. T l trung bnh go nguyn ca la xay xt

m 14% v 16%

nh gi cht lng v hiu qu ca cng ngh sy la lp dy 1 m

Nghin cu nh gi cng ngh v hiu qu ca sy lp dy 1 m c thc hin
ti mt my sy hin c Tin Giang. Nhit sy t 44 n 49 oC. Kt qu o
gim m la ti cc lp cch li y 10, 40, 55, 70, v 90 cm c th hin nh
hnh 20. Kt qu nh gi hiu qu xay xt c th hin nh Bng 1 (Phm Vn
Tn v ctv, 2010), qua tr li y cng l cng chn la trong cc gii php sy
v ngang .
Bng 1: Hiu qu xay xt cc mu sy

Mu la

T l xay T l go
xt (%) nguyn (%)

Cch li
y 10cm

65,1

60,8

Cch li
y 30cm

64,7

60,7

Mu hn hp

64,8

60,3

Hnh 14. th gim m ti cc lp

cch li y 10, 40, 55, 70, v 90cm

Sn xut nm rm t rm do my gt p lin hp thi ra

Trc y, nhiu kin cho rng rm do my gt
p lin hp thi ra b nt nn khng dng sn
xut nm rm c, nng sut thp. Kt qu th
nghim bc b cc ny. Nm rm sn xut t
rm do my gt p lin hp thi ra cho sn lng
cao hn v lng rm nhiu hn, v thi gian sn
xut (chu k sinh trng) ngn hn, do thu
nhp s cao hn. Nghin cu cng xut c gii
ha vi thit b thu gom rm t my gt p lin
hp nhanh chng tn dng lng rm c c
(Hnh 15).
10

Hnh 15. Th nghim sn xut rm

thi t my gt p lin hp

Nghin cu my sy thp
Mt nghin cu ng dng ni bt ca D n l my sy thp kiu ngang dng sy
la 10 tn/m (Hnh 16), m la t 26% xung cn 15% trong 10 gi. Sut gi
thnh my sy khong 30 triu ng/tn/ngy, chp nhn c so vi my sy tnh
l 20 triu ng/tn/ngy. Vi mt s th nghim ban u, my sy ny vi mt s
ci tin v l t, qut, gim n, dng chy trong bung sy,... khc phc c
mt s nhc im ca sy thp dng cho sy la v m ra tim nng ln cho sy
la kiu thp Vit Nam, nht l BSCL.

Hnh 16. My sy thp kiu ngang dng 10 tn/m

Hot ng thit lp cc m hnh kinh doanh sau thu ho ch la go

Cha kha chnh thc y s pht trin cng ngh v thit b gim tn tht sau thu
hoch chnh l m hnh kinh doanh cc d ch v ny. Cc dch v kinh doanh sau thu
hoch pht trin s mang li nhiu li ch cho ng rung nh m rng din tch, tit
kim nc v phn bn nh san phng laser, gii quyt kp thi cc khu nh thu
hoch, sy, v bo qun gip gim tn tht v tng cht lng la go.

11

Hnh 17. My sy la ging Nam nh

Hnh 18. My sy la trong nh my xay xt Hu

Hnh 19. My sy la trong nh my xay xt

ng Thp

Hnh 20. My san phng laser DakLak

Lnh vc sau thu hoch la go i hi s dng thit b vi u t cao, khng phi

nng dn no cng sm c. H tr cc ch kinh doanh dch v sau thu hoch
nhm pht trin nng lc sn xut v thng mi la go l mng hot ng quan
trng, gn y c IRRI tp trung nghin cu v h tr. Cc m hnh kinh
doanh cc dch v lin quan n sau thu hoch la go nh gt p lin hp, san
phng ng rung iu khin bng k thut laser, sy la, gip gii quyt ng
thi v, tng cht lng v gim tn tht sau thu hoch. C 5 Vng D n u t
vn cho ngi dn chn m hnh kinh doanh ph hp. Mt s m hnh kinh doanh
in hnh ca D n nh my sy la ging Nam nh (Hnh 17), my sy la
trong nh my xay xt Hu (Hnh 18), my sy la trong nh my xay xt ng
Thp (Hnh 19), v my san phng laser DakLak (Hnh 20).

12

4.

MT S VN V SN XUT LA GO
V XUT PHNG HNG GII QUYT

Mt s vn ang tn ti trong sn xut la go Vit Nam v cc gii php

xut tng ng c tm tt trong Bng 2.
Bng 2: Vn tn ti trong sn xut la go v gii php

STT
1

Vn

Gii php

Vn k thut
-

Din tch manh mn, nh (80% Pht trin san phng laser
tha rung c din tch < 0.5 ha) ,
nht l Bc B, Trung B, v
Ty Nguyn.

chnh lch mt ng cao

Vi BSCL: xu hng canh tc tp Yu cu cc h thng sy nng sut

trung, qui m ln v thu hoch cng ln: my sy hai giai on (tng si v
thi im
thp)
cc vng khc: cng ngh sy Pht trin cc m hnh sy hiu qu,
cha pht trin mnh, cn lc hu
ch tp trung pht trin sy tnh t 4 10 tn/m
2

Vn thng tin
Thiu thng tin quyt nh:

Tr la thay v tr go

Xay xt la m thp (14%)

San phng laser (pht trin chm)

do tr ngi v u t ln, h s
s dng thp

y mnh thng tin thng qua TV,

hi tho, tp hun, trnh din,...
cng ngh sau thu hoch hiu qu.

Pht trin cc dch v sau thu

hoch thng qua h tr kinh ph
u t v k thut.

Vn v chui gi tr la go
Nng dn khng c quyt nh
gi la m h sn xut trong chui
la go dn n chu tn tht kinh t
so vi thng li v nh my xay xt

Xy dng m hnh lin kt nng

dn vi chui sn xut la go
khp kn: thu hoch-sy-bo qunxay xt.

Thiu mi lin kt 4 nh (nng, khoa

hc, nh nc, thng mi).

Tng cng lin kt thng qua trc

tip tham gia ca 4 nh trong chui
sn xut la go.

13

Thay li kt
Thc trng Vit Nam, mc d c nhiu d n v chng trnh c trin khai
nhm gii quyt vn gim tn tht sau thu hoch, nhng do tp qun sn xut v
nhiu hn ch khc m nhiu ni trong nc vn cn s dng nhiu khu th cng,
bn th cng, hoc qui trnh khng hp l, nh phi la, sy go,... y l cc
nguyn nhn gy nn hao ht sau thu hoch c v s lng v cht lng la go.
D n IRRI-ADB qua 4 nm thc hin vi cc hot ng nh hi tho, tp hun,
trnh din v thit lp cc m hnh kinh doanh, b c u t c hiu qu nng
cao nng lc sn xut la go trong lnh vc sau thu hoch. Vi bi hc kinh
nghim t qu trnh trin khai, mt s phng hng pht trin sau thu hoch, gim
tn tht v nng cao cht lng la go c xut nh sau:
-

Tng cng nhn ln v nhn rng thng tin cng ngh sau thu hoch hiu qu
thng qua TV, hi tho, trnh din,...

Pht trin cc dch v sau thu hoch thng qua h tr kinh ph u t v k thut.

Tng cng "lin minh hc hi" pht trin sau thu hoch la go Vit Nam
bng cch xy dng v trin khai thc hin m hnh chui lin kt sn xut la
go vi s tham gia ca cc thnh phn nh nng, nh doanh nghip, nh khoa
hc, v nh nc, nhm mang li quyn quyt nh gi la v li ch trc tip
cho nng dn, to ng lc pht trin sn xut la go.

TI LIU THAM KHO

B Nng nghip-PTNT, v Hp phn Danida ASPS. 2004. Kho st tnh hnh v
nh gi nhu cu thit b sau thu hoch ng bng Sng Cu Long. Bo co tng
hp t 12 bo co kho st 12 Tnh.
Cc CBTMNLTS & NM. Bo co " Thc trng CGH trong sn xut la vng
BSCL; nh hng v gii php trong thi gian ti". Chng trnh khuyn nng @
nng nghip chuyn C gii ha trong sn xut la. 2013.
GSO (Tng cc thng k). 2012. Nin gim thng k 2012. Nxb Thng k, H Ni.
Mai Thnh Phng, L Vn Bnh. 2012. Bng tng hp s l sy v t l la h thu
c sy ng bng Sng Cu Long, tnh n 20-3-2012. K yu Hi ngh "Gii
php cho sy la h-thu BSCL, t chc Cn Th, 22-3-2012.
Nguyen Van Hung, Phan Hieu Hien. 2013. The ADB-IRRI post harvest project in
vietnam: postharvest problems, project milestones, outcomes, and suggestions for
further development. Report on the Final workshop of ADB -IRRI Post harvest
project, Cambodia, 2013.

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Nguyn L Hng, Phan Hiu Hin, Bi Ngc Hng, Nguyn Vn Hng. 2011. Kt
qu hot ng D n Sau thu hoch la go IRRI-ADB Vit Nam,
giai on 2009-2011. Hi tho Con ng la go Vit Nam, 2011.
Nguyen Van Xuan, Tran Van Khanh, Nguyen Van Hung. 2010. Progress Report
region 3, ADB-IRRI-Vietnam Project Reducing postharvest losses and increasing
income by producing better -quality rice.
Pham Van Tan, Vu Cong Khanh.2010. Progress Report region 4 , ADB-IRRIVietnam Project Reducing postharvest losses and increasing income by producing
better-quality rice.
Phan Hiu Hin, Phm V.Tn, Nguyn V.Xun, Nguyn V.Hng, V C.Khanh.
2011. Kho st silo cc Tnh pha Nam. Bo co Nghin cu ca D n ADB
RETA N o 6489

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