SUMMER WORK 2 ESO

ACADEMIC YEAR 2014-2015

GRAMMAR
PRESENT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS
Present simple
We use the present simple to talk about:
regular habits and routines.
We usually go rollerblading at the weekend.
permanent situations.
David lives in Manchester.
scientific facts.
Water boils at 100C.
states, not actions, e.g. like, believe, know.
She doesnt like chorizo.

Present continuous
We use the present continuous to talk about:
something that is happening now or
around now.
Theyre playing tennis at the moment.
temporary situations.
Hes visiting his grandparents in Ibiza.
changing or developing situations.
The number of car accidents every year
is increasing.
future arrangements.
Shes going to the cinema this evening.

1. Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous of the verbs in
brackets.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)

Paul_____________(not go) to the cinema very often.

He_______________(play) tennis with his brother at the moment.
Paul______________ (never shut up) in class.
Paula_____________(like) living in Madrid. She_____________(enjoy) a lot her current
life in the city.
She sometimes____________(go) for a walk after work.
John________________(meet) his friends this week-end in the pub.
It__________(not rain) very much in the south of Spain.
I____________(not believe) what you____________(tell) me right now.

PAST SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS

Past simple

Past continuous

We use the past simple to talk about a finished action

in the past.
Mark went to the cinema last night.

We use the past continuous to talk about:

an action which was in progress at a particular
time in the past.
They were watching TV at nine oclock last night.
an action in the past that is interrupted by another
action
I was walking along the street when someone
stole my bag.

1.Complete the exercise with sentences in past continuous and the verbs in brackets.
1) We________________(play) tennis all day. We are so tired!
2) I______________(come) back home when I ran into my best friend Richard.
3) She____________(tell) stories to her little brother until he fell asleep.
4) The two brothers_____________(argue) all day. I couldnt stand so much noise!
5) What______________(you do) yesterday while I was studying?
6) _____________really________(she study) yesterday as she said?
2. Complete the sentences using the correct verb forms. Use the past simple and the past
continuous.
1) When I_____________(arrive) home, my father_______________(watch) TV.
2) I____________(have) a shower when the phone_______________(ring).
3) My brother_______________(work) on the computer when the light_____________(go)
off.
4) We________________(watch) TV at night when I_____________(hear) a frightening
noise.
5) Paul____________(eat) all his food and _____________(drink) all his coke while
he______________(wait) for the train.
6) She______________(ride) her bike when she_______________(fall) to the floor.

3. Complete the dialogue using the past simple or the past continuous of the verb in
brackets.
-Sarah: Hi, Bryan. I (1)________ (hear) you had an accident last Monday. What (2) ________
(happen)?
-Bryan: I (3)_______ (change) a bulb when I (4)________ (fall) off the chair
-Sarah: (5)____________(go) to the doctor?
-Bryan: Yes, but when he (6)_____________ (examine) me he (7)______________ (receive) a
phone call. Apparently his wife (8)____________ (have) an accident when she
(9)____________(come) home
-Sarah: Really? Is she ok?
--Bryan: Yes, she (10)______________ (drive) a bit fast when she (11)____________ (crash)
against a tree but she seems to be fine now.
-Sarah: Im happy to hear that. I (12)____________ (call) yesterday to know why you hadnt
come to work.
-Bryan: I know but I (13)_____________(have) a shower when the phone
(14)____________(ring) and I (15)____________ (not/ want) to have another accident!!
-Sarah: Yes, youre right!!!

VERBS + -ing
1. Complete the gaps in the sentences marked with (1) with one verb of the first box
and the gaps with (2) with the correct form of the verbs in the second box.
Sometimes more than one option is possible.
(1)
like

love

enjoy not mind prefer

stand hate be into

cant

(2)
go

watch

do travel
make
help
swim

study

1 My brother (1)___________ (2)___________. Hes been to the five continents.

2 I dont (1) ________________(2)__________sport. I never play football or go to the
gym.
3 I (1)____________ )2)__________ films at home but if I have to choose, I
(1)___________ (2)____________to the cinema
4 I (1)_______________(2)_____________ my bed but my mother always obliges me!
5 Paula (1)____________ (2)____________ Science. She gets sick only of thinking of the
next exam.
6 I( 1)_______________ (2)______________my mother at home. She works hard and she
needs a rest.
7 Since I went to the swimming-pool for the first time I (1)______________
(2)________________. I really like it!.

USED TO / DIDNT USE(D) TO

We use used to + infinitive when we talk about a habit or state that now has changed. The
negative form is didnt use(d) to and it implies a habit we didnt do in the past or something
that didnt happen but we do or it happens now.
1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of used to.
1
2
3
4

I_____________eat vegetables when I was young but now I love them.

_______________ (you / work) as an accountant before you started here?
When we were children, we often ___________ (go) trekking in the valley.
They_______________(see) each other very often but now they havent met for a long
time.

5 I _____________ (not / like) Sonia much, but now we get on really well.
6 I _____________ (have) a lot of money before but I wasted it.

SUBJECT/OBJECT QUESTIONS
**Subject questions structure: QW + VERB. Examples:

--Who was playing tennis yesterday in

the school?

--Which car runs faster? Mercedes or

Ford?

--Paul and John were playing tennis

yesterday in the school

--Mercedes runs faster than Ford

**Object questions structure: QW + AUXILIARY + SUBJECT + VERB. Examples:

--How much did your new car cost?

--Who did you see yesterday in the

mall?

--It cost me about 20,000.

--I saw my best friend Robert in the

mall.

1. Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
--John: When______________(be) Maries birthday?
--Alice: Its today. _________________(somebody buy) a present for her?
--John: I think Paul and Michael went to the shop to buy a gift yesterday.
--Alice: Really, What _______________(they/get) for her?
--John: I think they bought a sweater and a couple of t-shirts.
--Alice: ok, out of curiosity, how much____________________(the sweater cost)? Which
colour_____________________(they choose)?
--John: I dont know. By the way, how many people_________________(she invite)?
--Alice: I think all her classmates will come. I hope so, theyre usually nice people.
--John: really? Who_________________(you meet) in her last birthday?

2. Give questions for the following answers. Examples:

*I saw my friend Paul yesterday in the mall:

Who did you see yesterday in the mall?

* I saw my friend Paul yesterday in the mall:

mall

Who saw your friend Paul yesterday in the

1) Marks father often played in the street when he was young

2)

Marks father often played in the street when he was young

3)

People listened to music on their walkmans in the 80s and 90s

4)

People listened to music on their walkmans in the 80s and 90s

5)

Now people usually talk on their cell phones because it is cheaper than before

6)

Now people usually talk on their cell phones because it is cheaper than before

7) My grandparents bought the first TV at home in 1969

8) My grandparents bought the first TV at home in 1969

PAST PERFECT/PAST SIMPLE

*Past Perfect formation: HAD + PAST PARTICIPLE (-ed for regular verbs or third column of the
irregular verb list)

*Use opposed to past simple: Past perfect expresses an action that happened before another
action in past.

I had already read the book before I saw the film

I had never had English classes before I started with my Irish teacher
My parents had finished dinner when my sister came back home

1. Complete the sentences with verbs below. Put the verbs into the past perfect.
There are two verbs you do not need.
watch

remember

forget

wait

be

not pass

lose

run

1) I didnt go to the cinema with the others because I__________________ the film before.

2) All the fans were disappointed because their team________________the match.

3) _______ever__________to France before you spent your holidays last year in Paris?
4) We were very tired at the end of the race because we_____________for one hour.
5) My mother got very angry because I __________________ my exams.
6) When I was in the street I realised that I __________________ the keys at home.

2. Choose the correct alternative

1) I didnt go/hadnt watched the film last night because I already saw it/ had already
watched it in the cinema.
2) I couldnt/hadnt been able to go out yesterday because I didnt finish/hadnt
finished my housework.
3) When Paul arrived/had arrived at the airport the plane already took off/had already
taken off.
4) Our best friend died/had died some days before so we were/had been all very sad
those days.
5) I was never/had never been to the USA before I went/had gone there last year.
6) I didnt go/hadnt gone to the concert because I didnt buy/hadnt bought the
tickets.
3. Complete the text using the past perfect or past simple of the verb in brackets.
Yesterday I did not have a good day. At first I (1)_______________ (get up) with plenty of
energy but then things (2) ___________(start) going wrong. I (3) ___________ (run) out of
hot water just precisely when I was having a shower, and its winter! Then, I was driving
to my office when a police car (4) ___________ (stop) me. The policeman (5)
___________ (tell) me I had to pay a fine because I (6) ___________ (drive) too fast. He
also (7) ___________ (say) to me that my driving license (8) ___________ (expire) some
time before and I had to pay another fine. My problems anyway (9) ___________
(not/finish) at that moment of the day.

When I arrived at my office my boss (10)

___________ (not be) happy at all because he said (11) I ___________ (be) already late
several days that month. Later when I (12) ___________ (take) the car to go back home I
found that some thieves (13) ___________ (steal) my i-pod because I (14) ___________
(forget) to lock the cars doors. At the end of the day I (15) ___________ (go) directly to
bed. I didnt want to know anymore about this awful day.

PRESENT PERFECT
I have lived in Malaga since 1991
**Actions that started in the past and
continue in the present. Quite
Ive known her for ages
common with for to talk about the
period of time or since to talk about It has rained for three hours
the exact moment when the action
started.
She has been sick this week
I have seen three movies this week
**Finished actions in a not finished
period of time. Quite common with
the adverb already

Jamie has been to the gym three times this month

Ive already made my bed and tidied my room

I have never been to the USA but I want to go

**Actions that we havent done in
our life (never) or we havent done
but we expect to do later (yet, still) I still havent found the wallet I lost yesterday
I havent found the wallet I lost yesterday yet
** Actions that have finished recently Ive just finished my homework and I can go out
(using just)
They have just come back from holidays. Theyre so
excited.
Have you ever been sick in bed?
*To ask if we have done something in
our life or not (ever) or if something Has she ever gone out with a boy before?
expected to happen has happened.
Have you bought your new house yet?

*** Adverbs position with present perfect

AFFIRMATIVE
BEFORE AUXILIARY
BETWEEN AUXILIARY
AND PP

NEGATIVE

INTERROGATIVE

STILL: She still

hasnt joined in the
football team
NEVER: She has never
dated a boy
JUST: Weve just
finished the race. Were
so tired!
ALREADY: After
chatting for months we
have already met

BETWEEN THE
SUBJECT AND PP
AT THE END OF THE
SENTENCE

YET: I havent done

my homework yet

EVER: Have you ever played

volleyball or is it your first
time?
YET: Have you made your
bed yet?

1. Write sentences using the present perfect and for or since.

1 we / live / in this city / a long time
__________________________________________
2 We / know / each other / we were children
__________________________________________
3 He / be / an architect / 2007
__________________________________________
4 They / not see / each other/ six months
__________________________________________
5 I / do karate / last September
__________________________________________
6 I / wait for you/ more than an hour
__________________________________________
7 she / sleep / yesterday night
__________________________________________

2. Look at Bryans list of things he has/hasnt done in his life or we dont know and
correct the sentences behind. Use already, yet and still in the corrections.
get married (!)
buy his own house(?)

travel to East Asia (X)

adopt a pet (!)
find his dream job (!)

finish his degree(?)

1 Bryan has never got married.

2 Bryan still hasnt travelled to East Asia yet
3 Bryan hasnt yet met his girlfriends family
4 Bryan has still adopted a pet
5 Has Bryan still bought his own house?
6 Bryan already has found his dream job
7 Bryan has yet been to Russia
8 Has Bryan yet finished his degree

meet his girlfriends family (X)

be to Russia (x)

3. Complete the gaps with just, ever or never and the correct form of the verb in present
perfect.
1)_______________________________________ Paul_________________(make) his bed.
He made it ten minutes ago.
2)_______________________________________ __________you__________(be) to Italy?
3)_______________________________________ His dream is to travel to the USA one
day but he___________________(be) there.
4) _______________________________________ I__________________(finish) my
homework. Ive been working for almost two hours!
5)_______________________________________ ____________she__________(go) to a
concert? Im thinking of buying some tickets for her next birthday.
6)_______________________________________ I__________________played football. I
cant even hit the ball!
7)_______________________________________ She_______________come back from
new York. She has bought a lot of gifts there.
8)_______________________________________ I have_______________(buy) a lottery
ticket so its impossible for me to win a prize.

PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE

Present perfect
- When the time is unfinished (today, this
week, this year)

Past simple
- When the action and the time are finished
I played football yesterday

I have played football today

I bought a car last week
- When we do not know the time.
I didnt buy a car yesterday
I have bought a car
- An action that started in the past and
continues in the future
I have taught English for four years
She has played football since she was a
child

I taught English for four years but now I

work as a translator
She used to play football when she was a
child but now she doesnt do much sport

1) Present perfect/ past simple. Complete the dialogue with the correct tense.
Kim: (1) ______________ you ever ______________ (try) to make a tortilla?
Pep: I (2) ______________ (try) once about two years ago, but the tortilla (3)
______________ (be) disgusting. Since then I
(4) ______________ (not make) another tortilla.
Kim: I think you (5) _________ (learn) how to make tortillas when you lived in Madrid. How
long (6) ____________ (live) there?
Pep: I (7)___________ (live) there from 2006 to 2009 and then I moved to Barcelona.
Kim: so you have already (8)____________ (be) in Barcelona for two years, do you like the
city?
Pep: Yes, Im enjoying it a lot but I (9)________ (not visit) the most important monuments
yet, as Montjuich Castle or Camp Nou stadium
Kim: well, I (10)______________ (never/be) in Camp Nou stadium but Im for Real Madrid
so I dont feel like going very much
Pep: thats a good reason!

2. Complete the sentences using the present perfect or the past simple form of the
verbs.
1 I ____________ (get up) at 5 oclock this morning.
2 Sandra and Pete still ____________________
(not phone).
3 Eva __________ (break) her arm playing tennis.
4 They ___________________ (not take) the bus to school this morning.
5 __________ you ever __________ (see) that film?
6 I ____________ (know) him since he was little.
7 Carlos ____________ (meet) her in June.
8 Deb still ____________________ (not pass) her final exams.

3. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1 I have bought some flowers for my girlfriend yesterday
________________________________________
2 Jane and Josh still didnt send me an email.
________________________________________
3 Eva has fallen while she was dancing
________________________________________
4 I havent visited my parents last week
________________________________________
5 He hasnt never taken a plane

________________________________________
6 I know her since we were in the school
________________________________________
7 I have lived in Madrid for 3 years but now I live in Valencia
________________________________________
8 She already passed her exams. Shes so happy!
________________________________________

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE/CONTINUOUS

*Use: the contrast between an action that has been completed (simple) and an action that
still can continue (continuous).
Ive already read this book (Ive finished reading it)
Ive been reading this book all morning. Im really enjoying it.
She has done her homework and now her parents will let her go out (she has finished her
task).
She has been doing her homework but she hasnt finished yet.
*Formation of present perfect continuous
I /YOU/WE/THEY

HAVE
+

ING
HE/SHE/IT

BEEN

MAIN VERB +

HAS

1.Present perfect simple or continuous? Complete the following sentences.

1) I (study):_______________ all day. Ill stop soon and have a rest
2) She (just tidy)___________ her room.
3) I dont know where my pen must be but I(look for)_________________ it for the whole day.
4) Paul wont come to the party tomorrow because he (cut)_______________ her finger
5) I______________(cry) all day because I_______________(cut) onions all the morning.
6) You (run)_________________ for a long time. You should stop for a while and take a rest.
7) I______________(never play) unihockey. Id really like to try.

2. Complete the sentences with the correct verb forms. Use the present perfect simple
and the present perfect continuous in each sentence.
1 I ___________________________ (wait) for her since one oclock but she still
__________________ (not turn up).
2 They ____________________ (never date) but they _____________________________
(see) each other in the office for months and they really like each other.
3 What ___________________________ (do)? I ____________________ (be) worried about
you.
4 After they ____________________(discuss) for hours they________________ (finally
reach) an agreement.
5 I __________________ just __________________ (finish) the first half of the race I
_____________ ______________ (run) for hours!

MODAL VERBS
Ability

Obligation

Prohibition

Not
necessity

Probability

Certainty/
deduction

Advice

CAN
COULD

HAVE TO
MUST

_________

________

MAY
MIGHT
COULD

MUST

SHOULD

CANT
COULDNT

----------

MUSTNT

DONT HAVE
TO

MAY NOT
MIGHT NOT

CANT

SHOULDNT

1. Choose a right modal verb to complete the following sentences.

1) Its Carols birthday. We____________buy a gift for her, dont you think?
2) You_____________ride your bike without a helmet. Its obligatory to wear a helmet.
3) Im happy because I______________work this week-end. Im free to decide what I
want to do.
4) You_____________smoke so much. It might be dangerous for your health.
5) At her office Paula___________start at 9 and finish at 6 from Monday to Thursday but
on Friday she_____________stay later than 3 pm.
6) Wheres Alfred? I dont know but he___________be in the gym. He sometimes goes at
this time.
7) Wheres Alfred? He___________be in the gym. He always goes at this time. Im sure
hes there.
8) Are you telling me you bought that fantastic t-shirt for only 15? That_________be
true! Its too cheap!

9) Helen _____________come to the party tomorrow. Shes very busy now and shes not
very likely to appear.
10) John and Lisa are thinking of coming to see us this week-end so we__________see
them after such a long time. Itd be great.
2. Choose the correct answer.

1. I cant/ mustnt/ may not go to Susans party. I have a lot to study so Ill decide it
tomorrow.
2. You cant/mustnt/ dont have to buy a car for only 1000. Its too cheap!
3. Scientists say in the future we will can/will be able to/ dont have to clone human
cells
4. Its obligatory to wear uniform in El Valle school. Everybody doesnt have to/must/can
wear it.
5. Sorry sir but you cant / may / must smoke here. Its prohibited.
6. When I was young I may/must/could play tennis very well. Now I find it hard.
7. Be quiet! You mustnt /must/could talk in class!
8. I must /dont have to/can give up smoking. Its really bad for my health
9. If you want my advice, I think you can/may/should give up smoking
10. She has been laughing the whole day. She must/should/can feel so happy

FUTURE TENSES

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT

BE GOING TO

WILL

**Plans and

**Instant decisions

CONTINUOUS

**Timetables and
schedules

**For future

The concert starts at

8 p.m.

in future but

arrangements (action
everything is

intentions

When does your

flight take off?

prepared)
Im going to study at

Are you doing homework?

University

Ill help you!

**Predictions (based

**Promises

Im getting married
in June. The church
is already booked
on evidence)

I promise Ill study more!

Look at those clouds.
Its is going to rain.
** Offers and suggestions

Ill carry your bag for you.

**General predictions
In year 3000 people will live
in Mars.

1. Write affirmative sentences (! ), negative sentences (" ) or questions (?), using

be going to.
1 We / take / the next plain to Brussels (! )
________________________________________
2 They / come / on holidays/ with us (")
________________________________________
3 You / spend / your holidays / abroad / this year (?)
________________________________________
4 It / be / good weather today (")
________________________________________
5 You / meet / your girlfriends parents (?)
________________________________________
6 He / play/ football / with his friends / today after work(! )
________________________________________

2. Complete the dialogues with the correct forms of will or going to of the verbs in
brackets.
1. A: Ive just seen weve run out of tomatoes. I (1)____________(go) to the grocery to
buy some.
B: But look at the grey clouds. It (2)_________________ (rain).
A: Really? I (3)____________(take) an umbrella then.
B: Yes, youd better take it. By the way, what (4)_________________ (do) this evening?
A:
I (5)____________ (play) tennis with my brother and a friend. We need someone
else. Would you like to come?
B: It sounds great. I (6)______________ (go) with you!
2.
A: Ive been thinking and Ive decided that I (7)_________ (visit) London next month. I
want to see the match between
Manchester Utd and Chelsea.
B: You cant be serious! I (8)__________ (go) with you. I love football and that match
(9)_____________ (be) so exciting! Who do you think is the favourite?
A: Im sure Manchester (10)____________ (win). They have the best team
B: I agree with you. Ok, Ive to go now. I was putting on my tracksuit because I
(11)__________________ (do) some exercise in the park
A: I dont think thats a good idea. I think you (12)__________________ (get) soaked with
this rain

3. Complete the dialogue using the present simple or present continuous form of the

verbs in brackets.

Dave

Hi, Steph. (1) ___________________ (come) finally on the trip to Rome next week?

Steph Yes, do you happen to know what time the bus to the airport (2)______________
(depart)?
Dave

At four oclock on Friday, I think. Tomorrow I (3)_____________ (meet) my boss at

9.00 to ask him if I could leave earlier. I (4)_____________(work) from 8.30AM to
5.00 PM that day so I might need to take a taxi.

Steph I understand. On Friday I (5)_____________ (have) classes until 4.00 PM so Ill

leave earlier as well. By the way, what (6) ______________ (do) this evening?
Dave

I think Ill stay at home all day. (7)______________ (pass) through the
neighborhood? Come and see me if so.

Steph I will, if you finally take a taxi to go to the airport dont forget the plane
(8)____________ (take off) at 8.00 PM.
Dave

I wont. See you tomorrow, Steph!

SO/SUCH/TOO/ENOUGH/NOT ENOUGH
SO + ADJ= He is so handsome that I love him.
SUCH (A)+ (adj) + NOUN= He is such a handsome boy that I love him.
TOO + ADJECTIVE = more than necessary
The dress is too big for me.
ENOUGH= just the quantity you need
-

ENOUGH + NOUN
There are enough books for all students. We
can get the class started.
VERB + ENOUGH
I have bought enough food for this week-end. I dont
need to buy more.
ADJECTIVE + ENOUGH
You are 17. You arent old enough to vote but youre
old enough to leave school.

1. Fill in the blanks with so, such, too or enough

1) The car was _________ expensive. I couldnt buy it
2) I dont have _________ money to go to the cinema so Ill stay home.
3) I had never seen _______ a hilarious film. I couldnt stop laughing
4) I love his clothes. Hes ______ a good designer.
5) Your parents are__________ kind to me. They treat me as if I were their son
6) Do you think these clothes are smart _________ to go to the interview?
7) You look __________ good with your new coat
8) Those trousers are __________ baggy. I need a belt

2.Rewrite the sentences. Include the words in brackets in the correct place.
Example: Youre not old enough to get married. Youre only 14!
Youre too young to get married. Youre only 14!

This candidate is too inexperienced for the position (experience enough)

The length of the swimming-pool is not enough to hold a competition. (long

enough)

The length of the swimming-pool is not enough to hold a competition. (too short)

Granada is such a beautiful city. (so)

My trousers arent tight enough. Ill need a belt ( too baggy)

This house is so dirty. We cant have any guests ( clean/enough)

This house is so dirty. We cant have any guests ( such/house)

PASSIVE VOICE

We have to transform the verb into the passive voice by adding the verb be in the same
tense as the original sentence + past participle.
**PRESENT: AM / IS / ARE + PARTICIPLE

The door is opened by the guard.

**PRESENT CONTINUOUS: AM / IS / ARE + BEING + PARTICIPLE

teacher
**PAST SIMPLE: WAS / WERE + PARTICIPLE

I am being taught by a

The game was finished at 5:30

**PAST CONTINUOUS: WAS / WERE + BEING + PARTICIPLE

yesterday between 7 and 9 pm

The game was being played

**PRESENT PERFECT: HAVE / HAS + BEEN + PARTICIPLE

All the food has been eaten

**PAST PERFECT: HAD + BEEN + PARTICIPLE

children
**FUTURE: WILL + BE + PARTICIPLE

The coke had been drunk by the

The marks will be given next day

**FUTURE PERFECT: WILL + HAVE + BEEN + PARTICIPLE

Monday

The letter will have been sent on

**Be going to: AM / IS /ARE + GOING TO BE + PARTICIPLE : The exam is going to be done
tomorrow
**MODAL VERBS: MODAL + BE + PARTICIPLE

The letter must be written tomorrow.

1.Rewrite these sentences in passive. Dont write the agent if its not necessary.
1) Does Ford manufacture its new model in Valencia?
2) In Brazil people speak Portuguese and a lot of Spanish
3) My parents bought this house in 1970
4) The travel agency will send the tickets this week
5) My uncle repaired the car yesterday
6) Have many tourists visited the monument?
7) A friend of ours is repairing the roof
8) The Egyptians had built the Pyramids centuries before the Europeans arrived
9) We must send these letters tomorrow. Theyre really urgent
10) They will have made the film before the end of the year

2.Complete the sentences with the active or passive forms of the verbs in the box. There
are two verbs you dont need to use.
design

sell watch

use hand in

make speak watch

increase

build

catch

1) Spanish_____________by hundreds of millions of people all around the world.

2) Hundreds of millions of people_____________Spanish all around the world.
3) The best cars in the world_________in Germany
4) Germany____________the best cars in the world.
5) Walkmans____________in the past to listen to music.
6) Some time ago people____________walkmans to listen to music.
7) The company______________the salaries next year.
8) Next year the salaries_______________ by the company.

9) A famous architect________________ the new town hall (present perfect).

10) The new town hall__________________ by a famous architect (present perfect).
11) Millions of people____________________Spains next match in the Eurocup (going to).
12) Spains next match in the Eurocup__________________by millions of people (going
to).
13) The council______________a new bridge to cross the river (present continuous).
14) A new building to cross the river__________________by the council (present
continuous).
15) We should__________________the exercises before tomorrow.
16) The exercises should_________________before tomorrow.
3. Complete the text.Use the correct present passive form of the verbs in brackets.
Ensaimadas (0) are made in Mallorca!
Have you ever eaten the delicious cakes called ensaimadas? They (1) ______________
(produce) in Mallorca, but most of them (2) _______________ (not eat) on the island they
(3) ________________ (buy) by tourists. They (4) ________________ (send) to countries like
Germany and Holland.
Mallorcan bread (5) _________________(make) at the same factory, but it (6)
_________________ (not export). It (7) ________________ (eat) by the local people. The
ensaimadas, however, (8) _________________(enjoy) around the world!

4. Correct the mistakes in these sentences.

1 English is spoken in many countries by people.
2 Don Quixote has were translated into many languages
3 The roof is been repaired now by the bricklayers
4 The flowers will sent tomorrow by the shop.
5 Are lemons growed in Spain?
6 Pork is not consumed in Arab countries by them
7 The Egyptians had built the Pyramids centuries before the Europeans had been
arrived
8 were this building designed by your friend?

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS/EACH OTHER

*Reflexive pronouns: used when the subject does the action and also receives it
This man is talking to himself. He must be crazy.
The dog has taught itself to look for bones.
we mustnt blame ourselves for that. It was only an accident.
*Each other: used to express reciprocal actions (there must be at least two subjects
involved).
Weve known each other since we were in the school
They were insulting to each other before they started fighting
When I ran into that girl in the street we looked and smiled at each other

SINGULAR
I look after myself
You look after yourself
He looks after himself
She looks after herself
It looks after itself

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
PLURAL
We look after ourselves
You look after yourselves
They look after themselves

1. Choose the right reflexive pronoun or each other to complete the sentences
1) I cut____________ shaving this morning
2) We got out of the swimming-pool and we dried______________ with each ones
towel.
3) The two dogs looked at______________for some seconds before they started
fighting.
4) Youll only learn if you do it_______________
5) Paul has been angry with his brother for years and they dont talk
to_______________.
6) James has a shaving machine and he cuts his hair________________.
7) Sometimes I say to_____________that I must think twice before I talk
8) We used to be close friends but now we havent seen_____________for ages.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS
WHO

WHICH

PEOPLE

THINGS

Thats the man who teaches

me English
Paula is the girl who I met
on holidays
Basketball is the sport which

I prefer playing

WHERE

Mercedes is the brand which

makes the best cars
This is the hospital where I
was born

PLACES

WHOSE

Thats the sport centre

where I play handball
Paul is the classmate whose
car is red

POSSESSION

Emily, whose husband works

as a doctor, is one of my
best friends

1.Choose the right word/ sentence.

1) Heres the park where/which I like coming to play football
2) This is my friend Carol, who/whose father works as a pilot
3) This is the actress about who I told you / This is the actress who I told you about
4) Don Quixote is the book which/who I like the most
5) Whats the name of that film which you are interested in? / Whats the name of
that film which in you are interested?

2. Make sentences. Use words from each column and who, where, whose or which.

(7)

basketball

the girl

I like most

(1) France

a city

my friend lives

(2) Emma

the sport

is near the sea

(3) A library

the country

we use for cutting things

(4) A knife

a tool

I met in Chicago

(5) Valencia

a place

you must keep silence

(6) Paul

my colleague

father works as an engineer

Susan

the classmate

Example: Basketball is a sport which I like most.

1 ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
2 ___________________________________________
___________________________________________

car is the most expensive of

the office

3 ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4 ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5 ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
6 ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
7 ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3.Join the sentences with a relative pronoun (who, where, which, whose) removing the
words which we dont need to use in the new sentence. Example:
London is a city. We were there on holiday last year.
London is the city where we were on holiday last year.
1 Ralph is a student. He plays the football best.
________________________________________
________________________________________
2 A mosque is a place. Muslims go to pray there
________________________________________
________________________________________
3 Oranges are fruits. People grow traditionally these fruits in Valencia.
________________________________________
________________________________________
4 Thats a man. I told you about that man.
________________________________________
________________________________________
5 Forest devastation is a problem. I usually think about forest devastation.
________________________________________

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
PEOPLE
Someone
Somebody

THINGS
Something

PLACES
Somewhere

NEGATIVE AND
INTERROGATIVE
SENTENCES

Anyone
Anybody

Anything

Anywhere

AFFIRMATIVE
SENTENCES WITH

No one
nobody

Nothing

Nowhere

AFFIRMATIVE
SENTENCES

NEGATIVE MEANING
ALL

Everyone
Everybody

Everything

everywhere

Fill in the gaps with indefinite pronouns: some-, any-, no-, every1. I dont know ______body whos travelled to the five continents.
2. Im not good at English at all. When somebody talks to me I cant
understand_____________thing.
3. Close your eyes! I have__________thing for you!
4. _____________one in this company speaks English and French. We only accept
people with languages.
5. Im sure hes innocent and he has_______thing to do with the robbery.

Complete the following text with a right indefinite pronoun.

Dave: Hi, Sam. Hows (1) ___________going?

Sam: Hi, Dave. Do you happen to know (2)____________ to have my car repaired today? I
must go on a trip tomorrow and (3)_____________ can help me!
Dave: No, I dont know(4)_________________ to make it so fast in the city but I know
(5)______________ who has a garage in a village near here and he might help you. Is it
(6)____________serious?
Sam: I dont think so but theres (7)_________ inside the engine that hasnt worked well
recently. I had a look this morning but I saw (8)_____________.
Dave: So take it to this garage Im telling you about. (9) _______________ there is very
nice and if you have time you can do some shopping.(10) ________________ you go in
that village youll find lots of cheap places. Youll enjoy it.
Sam: thanks a million, Dave. I really appreciate it. See you soon, cheers!

MAKE/LET
Make and let always carry infinitive without TO
Make: to oblige, to provoke a reaction on somebody
My mother makes me clean my room every week-end (she forces me to)
She made me so sad when she told me she was seriously sick (she got me sad)
Let: give permission to
In my school they dont let us leave till five pm
I will let you take my bike if you do my homework

1.Complete the sentences with make and let in the right tense
1. My parents wont______me go out on holidays if I dont pass my exams.
2. She_________feel very upset when she teases me.
3. Will you_________me borrow your laptop for a composition Ive got to do this
week-end?
4. My teacher wont_______us retake the exam if we get more than 6 in the global
one.
5. She_________me feel very angry when she told me that.
6. Ill__________my daughter take a summer job if she passes all the subjects.

CONDITIONALS
**1st conditional: used to talk about facts that will certainly happen under certain conditions

IF + PRESENT, PRESENT
If I dont pass my exams, my parents wont let me go on holidays
We will go trekking if it doesnt rain this week-end
*Unless + affirmative sentence: If not
I wont do my homework unless my parents oblige me (I wont do my homework if my
parents dont oblige me)
**2nd conditional: unreal, imaginary situations in the present or situations that probably wont
happen:

IF + PAST SIMPLE, WOULD + VERB

If I were rich, I would buy the most expensive and fastest car in the market (Im not rich)
I would feel so happy if I were given that job (but I dont have much chance)

**3rd conditional: unreal past situations, situations that did not happen. We can talk about
imaginary consequences of those actions.

IF + PAST PERFECT, WOULD + HAVE + PARTICIPLE

I would have never met my best friend Paul if I hadnt moved to Valencia when I was a child
(I moved to Valencia and thats why I met Paul)
I wouldnt have failed if I had studied more (I failed because I didnt study)

Write sentences in 1st conditional with the verbs in brackets.

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

We__________ (vote) for the government if they___________(not raise) the taxes.

Unless she_________(propose) it to me, I___________(join in) her campaign.
If I_________(go) to the art museum, I know I___________(get) fascinated.
If he __________(finish) his homework early, we________(meet) him in the park.
She__________(come) to the party unless she____________(have) a lot to study.

Write second conditional sentences with the following words.

1. If/I/live/in London/I/speak/a good English.
2. I/be/happier/if/I/not live/in that city. I hate it!
3. If/you/meet/a famous person/what/you/say?
4. You/come/if/I/send/you/an invitation?
5. If/there/not be/any wars/the world/be/a/better place

Write third conditional sentences with the verbs in brackets

1) If I_______________(have) more money, I_______________(go) on holidays abroad

last summer.
2) I_______________(not get) injured if I _____________(not play) football without
shoes.
3) If I________________(look) at the pavement, I______________(not find) that 50 note
4) I_______________(pass) the exam if I__________________(study) more but I didnt.
5) She_______________(never know) my secret if you_______________(not tell) her.
This is why Im angry with you.
4

Rewrite the sentences using the third conditional. Example:

I met my girlfriend because I went to that disco:
I wouldnt have met my girlfriend if I hadnt gone to that disco

1) I found that job because I saw that advertisement on the news:

2) He failed the exam because he didnt study:
3) _______________________________________ They missed the train because they
werent in the station on time:

4) _______________________________________ They lost the match because their best

player didnt play
5) _______________________________________ He couldnt go on holidays because he
was fired from his job

5.Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1) ___________________________________ If I will have money this week-end, Ill
go out with my friends
2) ___________________________________ If you told me a secret I wouldnt never
tell anybody
3) ___________________________________ If she had passed her exams her
parents would buy her a moped
4) ___________________________________ She comes to see me if she will have
time
5) ___________________________________ I would have never met Paul if we
didnt study together when we were at the university
6) ___________________________________ If she would be better in English shed
go to study to a British university
7) ___________________________________ If you really love her you wouldnt be
unfaithful to her.
8) ___________________________________ If our team losed the final, we would
feel so upset!

6.Decide: 2nd or 3rd conditional.

1) If I were you/had been you, I wouldnt buy/wouldnt have bought that car. Its too
expensive and you dont earn so much money.
2) If I didnt go/hadnt gone on those holidays in Mallorca in 2000, I wouldnt
meet/wouldnt have met my current wife.
3) I wouldnt be/wouldnt have been so disappointed with her if she told/had told me
the truth but she didnt.
4) I would feel/would have felt really sad if we lost/had lost the final. I hope we win!
5) If she ate/had eaten less, she wouldnt get sick/ wouldnt have got sick but
fortunately now shes cured.

6) If they came/had come to my party yesterday, I would get/have got so happy but
they didnt want to come.
7) I think if you asked/had asked her to go out with you she would accept/would have
accepted but you never dare!
8) Would you go diving/ would you have gone diving with me next summer if you
had/had had enough money?

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

GERUNDS

INFINITIVE

Subject of a sentence: Doing sport is my

favourite hobby

Objective/purpose of an action: I do sport to

lose weight

After prepositions: Im fed up with waiting

for him. He should arrive earlier

After adjectives: its good for the planet to

save energy and to reduce our rubbish

After some verbs (see list on workbook): I

spend too much time thinking of my
problems

After some verbs (see list on workbook): I

need to find my keys or I wont be able to go
back home

1. Choose the correct words

1) Im tired of lending/to lend money to him. He should learn saving/to save it.
2) I always enjoy doing/to do sport and it keeps me really fit.
3) Wasting/to waste energy is something I hate a lot
4) They went to the supermarket buying/to buy some washing powder.
5) Dont put off studying/to study to the last day.
6) Its fantastic spending/to spend time with your best friends.
7) I dont mind helping/to help at home. My parents really need me helping/to help
them.

2. Complete the sentences using the gerund or infinitive of the verbs in brackets.
Total marks:
Listening
/ 10
Vocabulary
_______
1 Im not
in the_______
mood for
__________
(tell)
jokes./ 20 Grammar _______ / 50
Reading
_______
/
10
Writing
_______
/
10
TOTAL
_______
/ 100
2 Im going to get a Saturday job _________ (buy)
a new
computer.
3 _________ (read) is my favourite hobby.
4 We enjoyed _________ (see) you again.
5 Im looking forward to _________ (go) on holiday.

6 She needs _________ (concentrate) on her work.

7 Im seriously thinking of_______________(buy) a new house.
8 I cant afford_________________(spend) my holidays abroad. Its too expensive.
9 Ive decided________________(apply) for that job in the USA. I hope to get it!
10 _______________________________________ She cant stand____________(study)
maths. She really hates them.

3.Decide which sentences are wrong and correct the mistakes

1)

To run is my favourite exercise.

2)

It was wonderful to see you again.

3)

Before handing the exam in, please revise it.

4)

Im going to a music academy because I want to learn to play the piano.

5)

I usually spend too much time to do my homework.

6)

I taught my dog to jump and leap when it was a puppy.

7)

Shes not very happy in Madrid because she misses to meet her friends and her
family.

8)

I phoned my brother to asking him if he remembered our mothers birthday. I had

forgotten!

VOCABULARY
Expressions with be and have
be: careful
wrong

early

have: a break
eat
1.

hungry

a good time

late

lucky

a lie-in

right

a look

scared

a party

sixteen years old

a shower

Complete the sentences with the expressions above.

1) Be____________. That dog might bite you!

dinner

thirsty

something to

2) Please, try not to be___________. The teacher doesnt like people who arent
on time.
3) We have been working hard all day. Lets have______________.
4) Ive been_____________of spiders since I was a child.
5) I love spending time with my friends. I always have such________________.
6) Shall we have fish for_____________ tonight?
7) I think Ill have_____________on my bed before I go back to work.
8) New York as the USA capital is a ____________answer.

Nouns: generations
birth boom
peace war

craze

death

fashion

gadget

hairstyle

icon

invention

look

Uses of get
get a bus get a driving licence get a goal get a job get away get better get a
present get dark get home get the flu get tired get together get to school
get up get upset

1. Choose one of the words about generations or the right use of get in the right
tense to complete the sentences.
1) In Spain you need to be 18 to_____________________.
2) James Dean was a very popular____________in the 50s
3) Be careful this winter, if you dont wear warm clothes you may_____________.
4) Im________________ after studying so much. I think Im going to bed.
5) If we could develop a car that used water instead of petrol, that would be the
best____________of the century.
6) Today mobile phones, tablet PCs and mp4 are the most popular______________
amongst people.
7) I____________with my best friend when I found out he had revealed my most
hidden secret.
8) Yesterday my mother told me off because I ___________very late.
9) The use of social networks is the____________of the last decade.
10) If I study hard in the university Ill get_____________ when I finish my studies.

Verbs: relationships
ask (someone) out
fancy
finish with
flirt with
get married
get on well
with
go out with
have an argument with
have got a lot in common
introduce to
meet
split up

Extreme adjectives
Adjectives:
interesting

angry
bad
memorable

Extreme adjectives:
furious
gorgeous

frightening
funny
tiring
unpleasant

good

good-looking

awful
brilliant
disgusting
exhausting
hilarious
terrifying
unforgettable

fascinating

1. Complete the sentences with some of the relationship vocabulary.

1 Is she really going ________________ with him?
2 Ive just had an ________________ with my best friend.
3 He looks nice. Can you ________________ us, please?
4 Hes getting ________________ with his girlfriend next weekend in the church.
5 Theyre in love, but they havent got a lot in ________________.
6 Do you ________________ my sister?
7 How did you________________ your girlfriend? At school?
8 Hes going to ________________ with her. Shell be really upset.
9 He fell in love ________________ my sister.
10 We didnt use to be good colleagues but now we_________________with each other.

2. Complete the extreme adjectives.

1 The day was ______________ Ive never been so tired.
2 The film was ________________ Ive never been so afraid in a cinema!!.
3 The food was ______________ I couldnt eat it and it smelled horrible.
4 The cartoon was much more than funny. It was _____________
5 Mum was ________________ with me because I came back home at 11.30 PM.
6 Richard is a ______________student. He always gets the best marks in class.
7 Where did you buy that fantastic shirt? You look_____________!
8 Those holidays were________________. Ill always remember them!

Nouns and verbs: medical science

Nouns: cause
clone
operation prevention

cure
development
research
suffering

Verbs: cause clone cure develop

research suffer transplant treat

discover

discovery
transplant

experiment
treatment

experiment

operate

prevent

Phrasal verbs: health and lifestyle

call on

cut down on

get over

give up

go without

take up

turn off

work out

1. Use some of the medical science words to match the following definitions:

--An exact copy of an animal, a plant:

--Synonym for investigation:
--To remove an organ from someones body to change it:
--To cut someones body to remove or repair something:
--Something that makes you feel better when youre sick:

2. Complete the text with the phrasal verbs above in the right tense:
Ive just _____________smoking after a serious problem in my lungs but Im
______________my illness after I have been treated in the hospital.
Im going to change my life. I want to go on a healthier diet, and I will do more sport.
Im going to ______________jogging or swimming and ______________at least three
times a week. I think Ill _______________my computer and my TV and also go out
more. The only thing is Im sure I wont be able to ___________________my fizzy
drinks. I know I should _______________sugar to lose some weight but I like coke so
much!

Compound nouns: travel

beach holiday
return flight

city break
skiing gear

day trip
five-star accommodation
luxury hotel
train ticket
travel companion
winter sports

Phrasal verbs: travel

come across
come back
off turn back

get off

get on

put on

put up

set off

stop off

1. Read the definitions and write the correct word that matches the definition

1 A flight to your destination and then back home again: __________________

2 Somebody who accompanies you on your trip : ___________________
3 Somewhere very luxurious to stay (3 words): ___________________
4 The clothes and equipment you need to ski: ___________________
5 Activities such as skiing (often in the snow): ___________________
6 A short journey to a place and back again : ___________________

take

2. Complete the sentences with the right phrasal verb.

1 I miss Mary. I hope shell ___________ soon.
2 If you ______________ my friend Carlos, say hi from me.
3 They will ______________ my brother for a week next summer.
4 ______________ the bus its leaving!
5 You have to __________ the bus at the next stop. Its the last one.
6 The plane has landed. Now you can _______________ your belt.
7 _________________________________________ Get ready! The shuttle bus to the
airport_____________in a few minutes.
8 The boat____________ due to the bad weather conditions but we had the money back

Adjectives: fashion
baggy casual colourful comfortable cool fashionable impractical oldfashioned
practical simple smart sophisticated tight uncomfortable
uncool

Verbs and nouns: commerce

Verbs: design

export

grow

Nouns: designer exporter

supplier worker

import

grower

manufacture

importer

produce

manufacturer

shop

supply

producer

work

shopper

1. Vocabulary: fashion. Fill in the blanks with some of the fashion vocabulary.
1. He never wears ____________ clothes. He just likes black suits.
2. My friend is a great hip hop fan and he always wears ______________ jeans.
3. Your skirt is a bit_____________. You should go shopping and buy a new one.
4. These shoes are quite ________________. I cant walk very well. I need a bigger size.
5. I have to wear tie and suit at work but I love___________clothes for the week-ends.
6. These trainers are very ___________ for all sports because theyre light and
comfortable.
7. Its very ___________ to wear jeans if youre doing sport
8. I love your new t-shirt. Its so___ _____!

2. Commerce vocabulary. Match some of the words learned in class with the
definitions below
1. To sell products to another country:
2. To provide a product or service:
3. A person who makes things:
4. To A person or company who cultivates plants:
5.

bring products into your country:

Nouns: body decoration

beard
chain
dreadlocks
necklace
piercing
ring

hair dye
sideburns

lipstick
tattoo

moustache
to dye

nail varnish

Verbs and adjectives: feelings

annoy/annoyed/annoying
bore/bored/boring
embarrass/embarrassed/embnarrassing
excite/excited/exciting
frighten/frightened/frightening
/relaxing
shock/shocked/shocking
worry/worried/worrying

interest/interested/interesting

relax/relaxed

surprise/surprised/surprising

1. Complete the sentences with suitable body decoration vocabulary

1 Shes just __________ her hair. She used to be blonde and now shes kind of brown
hair.
2 Bob Marley was well-known for his ______________.
3 Ive just had my hair cut but Im going to let my _________________ grow like
Wolverine in the film X-men.
4 I have a new __________ on my shoulder. I hope my mother doesnt see it!
5 That man with the long ___________ is my uncle. He never shaves it!
6 I like wearing_______________and_______________around my neck.
7 I need some make-up on my face. Wheres the_____________?
8 _______________________________________ Your nails need a
bit________________. Do you want to borrow mine?
2.Complete the sentences with verbs and adjectives about feelings. Use the verbs in
the right tense.

1) My parents always ______________ me when they talk to a girl about my childhood.

2) Ive always been very ____________ in buildings; this is why I decided to study
Arquitecture.
3) When I have holidays I like going to the countryside. For me its the most
____________ place to be.
4) Animal hunting is something that Im very ___________ about.
5) Spiders have always ______________ me a lot.
6) Attractions park have always____________me. I enjoy them so much!
7) It____________me a lot when I have to wait someone for long.
8) Im going to lie on the couch and__________ a bit. I need some rest.

Nouns: nations and government

borders citizens currency elections flag
minister nations politicians society

government

head of state

laws

Verbs: policies
ban

build

cut

elect

introduce

lower

raise

spend

tax

vote

1 Match some of the words about nations and government with the following definitions.
1 A societys official rules _____________
2 The person who is the leader of a Government department _____________
3 The people in a country or region ___________
4 A line that divides countries _____________
5 A piece of coloured material that represents a country _____________

2. Fill in the gaps with a right word about policies.

1 The government should______________ heavy lorries from the town centre. They are
really dangerous for people.
2 I dont know who_______for in the next elections.
3 Citizens complain that the government does not_________enough money on health.
4 The minister plans to______________ the school leaving age to 18 years old.
5

We should_________the richest people if we want to get more money for education.

WRITING
1. Make the following writings on a sheet of paper.

Writing 1. Write an opinion essay about the school rules in El Valle. Try to follow the
proposed structure and the expressions learned in class. Use modal verbs to express
obligation, lack of obligation, suggestion, prohibition and conditionals as in the following
examples. 100-120 words.
Paragraph 1: Introduction. Explain the situation in your school in comparison with
other schools: In my school we must wear uniformwe cant leave before 5 pm
Paragraph 2: Argument: In the first place, I believe that
Paragraph 3: Alternative: if it depended on me, I would choose (not to) come to
classes in the afternoon becauseBesides, it would be good if
**Useful words. Have a look at addition and contrast connectors learned in class:
besides, however, on the other hand, alsoas well as sequence connectors: in the
first place, secondly, finally

Writing 2. Youre taking a foreign friend on holiday with you in the summer. Write an email
about your plans for the holiday. Use the ideas to help you as well as

--present simple to talk about transport schedules

--present continuous/ going to for arrangements, plans
--Nouns and phrasal verbs about travelling

Paragraph 1: ask him/her to remind you about his/her trip data from England so that
you can pick him/her up at the airport
Paragraph 2: Plans for what to do when youre there
We are going to
Paragraph 3: Other plans you might propose
We could also do

100-120 words

Writing 3
Write about yourself and your vision of the world following these guidelines. Use present
perfect, past simple and feelings vocabulary. (100-120 words).
Paragraph 1: say something about the countries you have visited and when and the
things you liked the most in your trips: (I have been to..., I saw, met...).

Paragraph 2: expose your current vision about the world today. How do you see the
world now? What do you like about it? What annoys you?: I find it especially
interesting, what really annoys me is...
Paragraph 3: tell how you see yourself in the future and your future vision about the
world: As far as the future is concerned, Im not very optimistic because...