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y = 2 sin x = 2(sin x)
indicates that the y-values for the key points will have twice
the magnitude of those on the graph of y = sin x.
Divide the period 2 into four equal parts to get the key
points for y = 2 sin x.
Intercept
Maximum
Intercept
Minimum
Intercept
and
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Example 1 Solution
contd
Figure 4.50
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Solution:
The amplitude is 1. Moreover, because b = , the period is
Substitute for b.
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Example 3 Solution
contd
Maximum
(, 1),
Intercept
(2, 0),
Minimum
Intercept
(3, 1), and (4, 0)
Figure 4.53
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and
y = a cos(bx c)
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2 x + 4 = 2
2 x = 2
x = 1
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Example 5 Solution
contd
Minimum
Intercept
Maximum
Intercept
Minimum
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and
y = d + a cos(bx c).
aptitude
= sin( ) +
Period: 2/
Vertical shift
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Mathematical Modeling
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Mathematical Modeling
Sine and cosine functions can be used to model many
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Changing Tides
Figure 4.57
contd
= 5.6.
The cosine function completes one half of a cycle between
the times at which the maximum and minimum depths
occur. So, the period is
p = 2[(time of min. depth) (time of max. depth)]
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contd
= 2(10 4)
= 12
which implies that
b = 2 /p
0.524.
Because high tide occurs 4 hours after midnight, consider
the left endpoint to be c/b = 4, so c 2.094.
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contd
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contd
9 A.M.
3 P.M.
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contd
Figure 4.58
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