Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MANTRA
(APRENDA INGLS EN 10 SEMANAS.)
CIEGO DE AVILA
CUBA
Ao 2002
PREFACE
Alan N. Crawford, Professor Emeritus
California State University, Los Angeles
Mantra is a unique approach to teaching English as a second language that has grown out of
Daniel Mena Mrquez language learning concept that he calls sofropedia. It is a blend of
several approaches to the teaching of second or foreign language.
It reflects aspects of
Dr. Menas Mantra is based on a Sanskrit word for instrument of the mind. It certainly
provides that instrument to his students of English.
implications for teaching other languages, as well.
AGRADECIMIENTOS.
Quisiera expresar mi mas sincero agradcecimiento al Dr. Alan Crawford del Charter School of
Education, California State, por su sabia y oportuna revisin de este libro, y por haber tenido la
gentileza de escribir su prlogo.
Introduccin
Unindonos al esfuerzo de otros especialistas, nos hemos trazado como objetivo lograr una
enseanza rpida y efectiva del idioma ingls, de manera que usted pueda establecer contacto
con la literatura e informacin especializada que en el mundo circula y, a la vez, est capacitado
para ejercer en esta lengua la comunicacin social. Por lo tanto, se presenta este libro que est
diseado para ser utilizado en el aprendizaje del idioma Ingls y est dirigido a las personas que
necesitan dominar este idioma y ya tienen conocimientos elementales.
Se plantean ejercicios donde se aplican los contenidos estudiados con anterioridad y cuyo
enfoque est encaminado al desarrollo de las habilidades orales. No obstante, en un menor
grado, estos ejercicios refuerzan la habilidad de la escritura. En sentido general, los estudiantes
desarrollan las habilidades de preguntar, responder, reportar informacin y realizar
composiciones acordes con el nivel de asimilacin.
MANTRA.
La palabra Mantra, del idioma Snskrito, significa instrumento del pensamiento.
Esta es una palabra o grupo de palabras que al repetirse varias veces ocupa el pensamiento y
ayuda a obtener una relajacin del cuerpo y de la mente. Elimina las ideas no deseadas y hace
que lo que se est diciendo se convierta en algo positivo para los que la repiten.
Antes de comenzar su estudio diario, sintese cmodamente, cierre sus ojos y repita, con la voz
interior, el siguiente Mantra:
La segunda parte Love and Justice ( Amor y Justicia), est constituida por 22 dilogos, una
carta y un tratamiento del vocabulario igual al de la primera.
En su parte final incluye lo siguiente:
Algunos usos de las preposiciones.
Ejercicios de asociacin de palabras.
Frases verbales.
Ejercicios de opuestos
Los pronombres.
Los miembros de la familia.
Nombre de los deportes.
Patrones de preguntas.
Listado de verbos irregulares.
Comparativos y superlativos.
Prefijos y sufijos.
El libro contiene la historia de dos familias que van de Londres a Alemania a pasar sus
vacaciones, encontrar en ella amor, venganza, justicia, que mantienen un eje temtico a travs
de todo su estudio, facilitando la aplicacin del idioma a la vida real, por lo vinculado que estn
los dilogos con esta y su disposicin episdica, lo que contribuye al desarrollo de este tipo de
memoria.
Debe buscar la posibilidad de tener un consultante que le indique si ha hecho bien los ejercicios,
para esto puede servirle cualquier persona que domine el ingls.
Despus de leda esta parte, pase a la primera leccin, repita el vocabulario en voz alta con su
pronunciacin figurada, cuando se sienta seguro de que ya lo domina, pase al dilogo y reptalo
en voz alta tambin, este le reforzar el aprendizaje de la pronunciacin y el significado de las
Lesson 1.
MEETING A PERSON
Betty:
Good morning.
Paul:
Good morning.
Betty:
Paul:
My name is Paul
What is your name?
Betty:
My name is Betty
Nice to meet you, Paul
Paul:
Vocabulary
Good morning
What
Your
Name
Nice
To meet
You
Good afternoon
Good evening
Good night
Paul
Meeting
Person
Too
Is
(Gud mrning)
(Jut)
(iur)
(Nim)
(Nis)
(Tu mit)
(i)
(Gudafternn)
(Gud vning)
(Gud nit)
(Pol)
(Miting)
(Prson)
(Tu)
(is)
Buenos das
Cual es
Su (de usted)
Nombre
Agradable, encantado
Conocer
Usted
Buenas tardes
Buenas noches
Buenas noches (al despedirse)
Paul
Conociendo
Persona
Tambin
Es o est.
Lesson 2.
MEETING A TOURIST.
Robert:
Jack:
Robert:
Jack:
Robert:
Jack:
Robert:
What do you do ?
Jack:
I am a professor.
Robert:
I am a professor too.
Vocabulary
Excuse me
Are
From
Jack
France
Beautiful
What do you do ?
Professor
Im Iam
Is
A
(Ekskismi)
(Ar)
(From)
(Yack)
(Frans)
(Bitiful)
(Jut d i d)
(Profsor)
(Am aim)
(Is)
(E)
Disculpe
Es o est
Desde (procedencia)
Jack
Francia
Hermoso, hermosa
Qu hace usted? (ocupacin)
Profesor o profesora
Yo soy o estoy
Es o est
Un, una
Exercise 1
Responda acerca de usted: ( Oral y Escrito)
1. Whats your name?
2. What do you do?
2
TWO
(tu)
3
THREE
(zr)
8
EIGHT
(it)
9
NINE
(nin)
15
FIFTEEN
(fiftn)
20
TWENTY.
(tunti)
10
TEN
(ten)
4
FOUR
(for)
11
ELEVEN
(ilven)
30
THIRTY.
(zrti)
5
FIVE
(fiv)
6
SIX
(six)
12
TWELVE
(tulv)
100
ONE HUNDRED
(uan jndred)
7
SEVEN
(sven)
13
THIRDTEEN
(zertn)
1000
ONE THOUSAND
(uan zusan)
No es necesario continuar aprendiendo nmeros, con la siguiente regla podemos llegar a conocer
los dems, y casi todas las fechas.
Imaginemos que el nmero 1 se llama tn, en los nmeros de dos cifras. Comenzamos a
18
14
Ahora imaginmos que el cero ( 0 ) en los nmeros de dos cifras se llama t. Leemos el nmero
de izquierda a derecha.
Ejemplo
10
Lesson 3.
AT THE HOTEL
Desk clerk:
Mrs. Green:
Robert:
Mrs. Green:
Robert:
Susan:
I am fine, thanks.
Robert:
Susan:
Im a student.
Robert:
Susan:
Im from London.
Robert:
Susan:
Its 240897.
Vocabulary
Madam
Please
Helen
Green
No
She
Sister
Isnt
My
(Mdam)
(Plis)
(Jlen)
(Grin)
(Nu)
(Shi)
(Sster)
(sent)
(Mi)
Seora
por favor
Helen
Verde (apellido)
No
Ella
Hermana
No es, no est
Mo, ma
11
Daughter
How
Fine
Student
Too
Telephone number
Its
Mexican
What
At
The
Hotel
Deskclerk
(Dter)
(Jo)
(Fin)
(Stident)
(Tu)
(tlefoun nmber)
(Its)
(Mkxican)
(Jut)
(At)
(De)
(Joutl)
(deskclerk)
Hija
Como
Bien
Estudiante
Tambin
Nmero de telfono
Este es o est
Mejicano
Qu
En
El, la, los, las
Hotel
Carpetero, recepcionista.
El alfabeto es muy importante para poder deletrear las palabras, por lo que no es necesario su
aprendizaje de memoria en el orden que aparece, este se hace ms fcil si lo aprendemos
mientras deletreamos las palabras que abajo se relacionan o sea que el alfabeto se usa como una
gua.
Exercise 1
How do you spell the following words? (Use the alphabet as a guide).
Cmo usted deletrea las siguientes palabras? (Use el alfabeto como una gua)
Address
Husband
Mystery
What
Natural
Girlfriend
Jane
Question
Telephone
Please
Morning
Come
Vote
Cake
Alphabet
A
(i)
B
(bi)
C
(si)
D
(di)
E
(i)
F
(ef)
G
(yi)
H
(ich)
I
(i)
J
(yi)
K
(ki)
L
(el)
M
(em)
N
(en)
O
(u)
P
(pi)
Q
(ki)
R
(ar)
S
(es)
T
(ti)
U
(i)
V
(vi)
W
(dbliu)
X
(eks)
Y
(ui)
Z
(zid)
12
Revenge(la venganza) es una historia acerca de dos familias que viven en Londres y van a
Alemania a pasar sus vacaciones. Ellos se hospedan en el Hotel Ritz. Cuando la familia Green
llega al hotel, la familia Smith ya se encuentra hospedada.
Los miembros de estas familias son:
La familia GREEN
La familia SMITH
Lesson 4.
REVENGE
Mrs. Green:
Good morning.
My name is Helen Green. Im from England.
Desk clerk:
Robert:
Mrs Green:
Robert:
Im from London.
Mrs Green:
Robert:
Susan:
Of course I am.
Robert:
Who is he?
Susan:
13
Robert:
Mrs Green:
Robert:
Susan:
Vocabulary
Room
I am sorry
This
An
Engineer
How do you do
Where
Years old
And
Of course
Who
Brother
We
But
I
Like
Germany
Here
Alone
Parents
Lets go
Late
Can
See
Job
How old
With him
They
Italy
Revenge
Later
(Rum)
(Sri)
(Dis)
(An)
(Enyenir)
(jao du i d)
(juar)
(yars uld)
(and)
(ov. Curs)
(j)
(brder)
(u)
(bot)
(i)
(lik)
(yrmani)
(jar)
(aln)
(prents)
(lets gu)
(lit)
(kan)
(si)
(yob)
jo uld
(uid jim)
(di)
(tali)
(rivnch)
(liter)
Habitacin
Lo siento
Este, esta
Uno, una
Ingeniero, ingeniera
Mucho gusto, encantado
Donde
Aos de edad
Y
Por supuesto
Quin
Hermano
Nosotros, nosotras
Pero
Yo
Gustar
Alemania
Aqu
Solo, sola
Padres (pap y mam)
Vamos
Tarde
Poder
Ver
Trabajo, ocupacin
Cuantos aos (preguntar la edad)
Con l
Ellos, ellas
Italia
Venganza.
ms tarde.
14
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions according to the dialogue.
1. Where is Helen Green from?
2. Whats her room number?
3. What is Robert Smiths job?
4. Where is he from?
5. How old is Susan?
6. Whats her job?
7. Is Susan a good student or a bad student?
8. How old is Tom?
9. Is Robert in the hotel alone?
10. Are his parents with him?
11. Where are they from?
Exercise 2
Ask questions according to the following situations.
Ex. Susan is not a doctor.
S.1. What does she do?
S.2. Shes a student.
1. He is not Mr. Smith.
2. Susan is not from Italy.
3. Her room number is not 207.
4. Susan isnt 18 years old.
5. Robert isnt from the USA.
6. Susan is not a nurse.
15
Exercise 3
Speak about Robert.
Ex. Robert is an engineer. He is from... He is in room...
Exercise 4
Speak about Susan.
Lesson 5.
REVENGE
Susan esta desayunando en el restaurante y Robert y la seora Smith llegan.
Robert:
Susan:
Mrs. Smith:
Susan:
Mrs. Smith:
Susan:
Mrs. Smith: Yes, he is. Hes in our room now. Hes very tired and sleepy.
Robert:
Mrs. Smith:
Susan:
Robert:
16
Please, mother lets take Susan to her room and call her mother.
Shes near the cafeteria with her son, Tom.
Mrs. Smith:
Susan:
Vocabulary
Mother
Her
Teacher
Speak
English
Very
Well
Mrs.
Much
Sit down
Finish
Breakfast
Husband
Our
Now
Tired
Sleepy
For
Walk
Day
Today
Sky
Blue
Shining
Coming
Mr.
Matter
Whats the matter?
Sick
Pale
Take
Call
Near
Cafeteria
With
Son
O.K.
(Mder)
(Jer)
(Tcher)
(Spik)
(nglish)
(Vri)
(Ul)
(Msses)
(Moch)
(Sit dun)
(Fnish)
(Brkfast)
(Jsban)
(guar)
(No)
(Tyard)
(Slipi)
(For)
(Uk)
(Di)
(Tudi)
(Ski)
(Bl)
(Shinin)
(Kmin)
(Mster)
(Mter)
(juts de mter)
(Sik)
(Pil)
(Tik)
(Kol)
(Nar)
(Kafetria)
(Wid)
(Son)
(Okei)
Madre, mam
Su (de ella) Ej. Her name is
Maestro, maestra
Hablar
Ingls
Muy
Bien
Seora
Mucho
Sintese
Terminar, concluir
Desayuno
Esposo
Nuestro, nuestra, de nosotros
Ahora
Cansado
Con sueo
Por, para
Pasear, caminar
Da
Hoy
Cielo
Azul
Brillando
Viniendo
Seor
Asunto, problema, materia
Qu pasa?,
Enfermo, enferma
Plido, plida
Llevar, tomar, agarrar
Llamar
Cerca
Cafetera
Con
Hijo
Est bien
17
Hurry up
Thank you
All right
To go
To
Why.
Having breakfast
(Jri )
(Znkiu)
(lrit)
(Gu)
(t)
(juai)
(jvin brkfast )
Apurarse
Gracias
Bien, todo correcto
Ir
Hacia, a.
Por qu?
Desayunando.
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions according to the dialogue.
1. Who is Roberts mother?
2. Whats her occupation ?
3. Does she speak French?
4. What language does she speak?
5. Does Susan like Germany very much?
6. What is Susan doing?
7. Where is Mr. Smith?
8. Why is he there?
9. Who is coming?
10. Is Susan sick?
11. Who is pale?
12. Where does Robert want to take Susan?
13. Where is Susans mother?
14. Is she near the cafeteria alone?
15. How is Susan now?
16. Can she walk?
17. Where does she want to go?
18
Como han podido ver para hacer preguntas con los verbos que indican una accin utilizamos DO
o DOES. Este auxiliar se utiliza en negativo e interrogativo, no asi en afirmativo.
Ejemplo.
Afirmativo.
Negativo
Exercise 2
Ask questions according to the situations and answer them.
Ex. Her name isnt Mary.
S.1. Whats her name?
S.2. Her name is Carol.
1. Carol isnt a housewife.
2. She doesnt speak Spanish.
3. She isnt from Brazil.
4. Robert isnt eating his breakfast.
5. Carols husband isnt in the park now.
6. Robert is not pale.
7. Susans mother isnt near the bar.
8. Robert doesnt want to take Susan to the pool.
Exercise 3
Speak about Susan
Exercise 4
Speak about Robert and Mrs. Smith.
19
The Museum
Lesson 6.
In front of the museum
Tom:
Whats that?
Alfred:
Tom:
Alfred:
Tom:
Alfred:
Alfred:
They are old Italian paintings and these are old greek vases.
Tom:
Alfred:
Tom:
Alfred:
Vocabulary
That
Museum
Art
Of
This
Too
It
isnt
its
how old is it?
(Dat)
(Miusum)
Art
Ov
Dis
(Tu)
It
(sent)
(Its)
(Ju uld)
20
Fifty
Those
They
Italian
Paintings
And
These
Greek
Vases
I dont know
But
I dont like
Them
At all
Do you like?
Very
Nice
Where
Say
About
Are there
Does Alfred like ?
Cinema
Shops
Arent
Inside
In front of
(Ffti)
(Dus)
(Di)
(Itlian)
(Pintins)
(And)
(Dis)
(Grik)
(Visis)
(i dont nu)
(Bot)
(Lik)
(Dem)
(At ol)
(D i lik)
(Vri)
(Nis)
(Jear)
(Si)
(Abut)
(Ar dar)
(Dos)
(Cnema)
(Shps)
(rent)
(insid)
(in front ov)
Exercise 1
Answer the questions about the dialogue.
1. Where are Alfred and Tom?
2. How old is the cinema?
3. Are there old paintings in the museum?
4. Are there old vases, too?
5. Does Alfred like the vases?
6. What does Tom want to know?
7. Does Alfred like the city?
Cincuenta
Esos, esas, aquellos, aquellas
Ellos, ellas
Italiana, italiano
Pinturas, cuadros
Y
Estos, estas
Griego
Vasijas, floreros
No s, no conozco
Pero
No me gusta
A ellos
Para nada
T gusta ...?
Muy
Agradable, bonito
Dnde?
Dice, decir
Acerca
Hay? (plural)
Le gusta a Alfredo?
Cine
Tiendas
No son, no estn
Dentro de.
Frente a.
21
22
Lesson 7.
REVENGE
In the restaurant.
Mrs. Smith:
Mr. Smith:
Mrs. Smith:
Mrs. Green:
Robert:
Mr. Smith:
Mrs. Smith:
Susan:
23
Mrs. Smith:
Susan:
Mrs. Green:
Susan:
Vocabulary
Call
Her
Ill
I will
Certainly
Be careful
Weak
Second
Floor
Parents
Near
Behind
Garden
Im sorry
I dont
Know
Hurry up
You`ll be
Well
In
An
Hour
Im afraid
She doesnt
Feel
Now
Much
Better
Talking
Mother
Sick
Dont worry
Must
When
(Kol)
(Jer)
(Ail)
(i ul)
(Crtanli)
(Bikrful)
(Uk)
(Skond)
(Flor)
(Prents)
(Nar)
(Bijind
(Grden)
(Srri)
(Dnt)
(nu)
(Jri op)
(i il bi)
(Ul)
(In)
(an)
(guar)
(Efrid)
(Dsent)
(Fil)
(No)
(Moch)
(Bter)
(Tking)
(Mder)
(Sik)
(Uri)
(Most)
(Jun)
Llama, llamar
A ella, su de ella
Forma corta de I will
Futuro I will take (llevar)
Seguro
Cuidado
Dbil
Segundo
Piso
Padres (pap y mam)
Cerca
detrs de
jardn
Lo siento
Yo no
Saber conocer
Aprate
Sers o estars
Bien
En
Una, uno
Hora
Me temo
Ella no
Sentirse
Ahora
Mucho
Mejor
Hablando
Mam
Enferma, enfermo
No te preocupes
Debes, debe
Cuando
24
Doing
Would you like?
Soon
Having breakfast
Fourth
Medicine
Some
Drink
Water
(Ding)
(ud i lik)
(Sun)
(jvin brkfast)
(Furz)
(mdicin)
(som)
(drink)
(uter)
Haciendo
Te gustara?
pronto
desayunando
cuarto (nmero ordinal)
medicina.
Alguna, un poco.
Tomar.
Agua.
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions according to the dialogue.
1. What does Mrs. Smith want Robert to do?
2. Will Mrs. Smith take Susan to her room?
3. Can Mr. Smith help his wife?
4. Why must Mrs. Smith be careful?
5. Where is Susan's room?
6. Where are Robert's parents?
7. What's the matter with Susan?
8. What does Mrs. Smith want Susan to take?
9. When will Susan be well?
10. How does Susan feel now?
11. Where's Robert?
12. What's he doing?
13. Who's coming soon?
14. Would Susan like to drink water? Why?
25
Exercise 2
Ask questions according to the situations and your classmate will answer them.
Ex. Robert isn't sick.
S.1. Who is sick?
S.2. Susan is sick.
1. Robert will not call a doctor.
2. Mrs. Smith won't take Susan to the bar.
3. Susan isn't in her room.
4. Susans room isn't on the fourth floor.
5. Robert's parents aren't with Tom?
6. They aren't near the garden.
7. Robert isn't having breakfast.
8. The doctor is not coming soon.
9. Mrs. Smith is not feeling sick.
Exercise 3
Speak about Susan and Robert.
Lesson 8.
AT THE CAFETERIA
A girl and her mother arrive at the cafeteria.
Girl:
Waiter:
Girl:
26
Girl:
Waiter:Yes, there is some, and there is also some mustard on the table.
Girl:
Mother:
(Unt)
(Jam)
(Chis)
(nion)
(Jav i got)
(Jav)
(Dar is)
(solt)
(shiker)
(som)
(lso)
(mstard)
(tilbol)
(iting)
(gurl)
(uiter)
(is crim)
(ls)
(si)
Querer
Jamn
Queso
Cebolla
Tiene usted
Tener
Hay (afirmativo, singular)
Hay? (interrogativo)
Sal
Salero
Alguna
Tambin
Mostaza
Mesa
Comiendo
Nia
Camarero
Helado
Qu ms?
Decir, dice
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions according to the dialogue.
1. What does the girl want?
2. What does she want with her sandwich?
3. Does she want ice-cream?
27
COMPOSITION
1. Whats your best friends name?
2. What nationality is he?
3. How old is he?
4. Where is your friend?
5. How tall is your friend?
6. How much does he weigh?
28
(Joutl)
(It)
(Lokitid)
(Smol)
(Kayat)
(Rver)
(Has)
(Big)
(For)
(De)
Hotel
Esto, esta
Situado, situada
Pequeo, pequea
Tranquilo, tranquila
Ro
El hotel tiene
Grande
Para
El, los, las
29
Guests
There are
National
Dishes
And
Variety
Of
International
Pool
Next to
Full of
Biautiful
Flowers
Cafeteria
Eat
Drink
Sodas
Enjoy
Walk
Walking
Along
Or
Swim
Swimming
They
Parties
Beside
To have a good time
At night
Like
To chat
Play
Games
How many?
Offer
To do
People
Vacation
(Gusts)
(dar ar)
(nshonal)
(dshes)
(and)
(variti)
(ov)
(internshonal)
(pul)
(next t)
(ful ov)
(bitiful)
(fluers)
(cafetria)
(it)
(drink)
(sudas)
(enyi)
(uk)
(uking)
(alng)
(or)
(sum)
(suming)
(di)
(prties)
(bisid)
(tim)
(at nit)
(lik)
(chat)
(pli)
(guims)
(jo mni)
(fer)
(tu d)
(ppol)
(veikishon)
Exercise 1
Answer the questions.
1. Where is the Ritz Hotel located?
Huspedes
Hay (plural)
Nacional
Platos
Y
Variedad
De
Internacional
Piscina
Al lado de
Lleno de
Hermosa, hermoso
Flores
Cafetera
Comer
Tomar
Refresco
Disfrutar, disfrutan
Caminar
Caminando
A lo largo de
O
Nadar
Nadando
Ellos
Fiestas
Al lado de
Divertirse
Por la noche
Gustar
Platicar, conversar
Jugar
Juegos
Cuantos?, cuantas?
Ofrece
Hacer
Gente
Vacaciones
30
Good afternoon.
Waiter:
Paul:
I think so.
31
Vocabulary
Two
By the way
Looking for
Friend
What does he look like?
Tall
Blue
Eyes
Waiting for
I think so
Perhaps
I dont think so
(T)
(Bi de ui)
(Lking for)
(Frend)
(Tol)
(Bl)
(is)
(Uting for)
(Zink su)
(Perjps)
Dos
Dicho sea de paso
Buscando
Amigo
Cmo es (apariencia fsica)
Alto
Azul
Ojos
Esperando
Creo que s
Quizs
Creo que no
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions according to the dialogue.
1. What does Paul want?
2. What is Paul looking for?
3. What does his friend look like?
4. What is his friends name?
5. Is his friend in the bar?
6. Does Pauls friend like to drink?
Exercise 2
Rewrite the dialogue using your own words. Be ready to dramatize it.
Exercise 3
Describe Pauls friend. Use your imagination.
Exercise 4
Speak about Paul.
32
Lesson 11.
REVENGE
Next day
There is a party near de pool at 2 oclock in the afternoon.
Robert:
Susan:
Im fine, thanks.
Robert:
Susan:
Robert:
Susan:
Robert:
Susan:
At two oclock
Susan:
Robert:
Waiter:
Susan:
Mrs. Green:
33
Susan:
Vocabulary
Hi
Thanks
Going to
To have
Id
Id like
Family
To be
Oclock
Dance
Drink
Want
With
Dancer
Say
Marvelous
Do
But
Enjoy
Does
Doesnt
Very
Old
Two
Look
Everybody
Hurry up
Were
Late
Orange
Juice
Sugar
Spoons
All right
Learn
Him
To do
To take place
Why
On
Tell
(Ji)
(Zanks)
(Ging t)
(Tu jav)
(Aid)
(Aid lik)
(Fmili)
(Tu b)
(O klk)
(Dans)
(Drink)
(Unt)
(Uid uiz)
(Dncer)
(Si)
(Mrvelous)
(Du)
(Bot)
(Enyi)
(Dos)
(Dsent)
(Vri)
(uld)
(T)
(Lk)
(evribdi)
(Jri op)
(Uar)
(Lit)
(ranch)
(Yus)
(Shgar)
(Spns)
(Ol rit)
(Lrn)
(Jim)
(Tu d)
(T tik plis)
(Jui)
(On)
(Tel)
Hola (Informal)
Gracias
Vamos (futuro)
Tener
Contraccin de I would
Me gustara
Familia
Estar o ser
En punto
Bailar, baile
Tomar
Querer
Con
Bailador, bailadora.
Decir
Maravilloso, maravillosa
Auxiliar para hacer preguntas
Pero
Disfrutar
Auxiliar para hacer preguntas
Negacin con el auxiliar
Muy
Viejo, vieja
Dos
Mira
Todo el mundo
Apurarse, darse prisa
Contraccin de we are
Tarde
Naranja
Jugo
Azcar
Cucharas
Correcto
Aprender
A l
Hacer
Tener lugar
Por qu?
Sobre (superficie)
Decir
34
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions according to the dialogue.
1. How is Susan today?
2. What are they going to do near the pool?
3. When are they going to have a party?
4. What time is the party going to take place?
5. What are they going to do in the party?
6. Who wants to dance with Susan?
7. Is Robert a good dancer?
8. What does his mother say?
9. Is Susan a good dancer?
10. What does she enjoy doing?
11. Does Susans mother like to dance?
12. What does she say about it?
13. Where is Susans family?
14. What must Robert and Susan do? Why?
15. What does the waiter want to know?
16. Would Mrs. Green like to eat a sandwich?
17. What will she drink?
18. Does the juice have sugar?
19. Is there sugar on the table?
20. Where are the spoons?
35
Lesson 12.
36
IN THE BAR
A customer wants a drink
Bartender:
Customer:
Bartender:
Customer:
Bartender:
Customer:
Bartender:
Customer:
Bartender:
Customer:
Bartender:
Youre welcome.
Vocabulary
Can
A drink
Whisky
Ice
Italian
Food
Much
Chinese
Here
One
Market
Street
Really
Hungry
You re
(Can)
(E drink)
(Juski)
(As)
(Itlian)
(Fd)
(Moch)
(Chains)
(Jar)
(Un)
(Mrket)
(Strt)
(Rli)
(Jngri)
(iar)
Poder
Un trago
Whisky
Hielo
Italiana, italiano
Comida
Mucho, mucha
Chino, china
Aqu
Uno
Mercado
Calle
Realmente, verdaderamente
Hambriento, con hambre
Contraccin de you are
37
Youre welcome
Bartender
Customer
Ask
About
(Ulcom)
(Brtender)
(Kstomer)
(Ask)
(abut)
Por nada
Cantinero
Cliente
Preguntar
Acerca, alrededor
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. What does the bartender ask the customer?
2. What does the customer want?
3. What does the customer want to drink?
4. What does the customer ask the bartender?
5. What does the bartender ask the customer?
6. What does the customer say?
7. Does he like Chinese food?
8. What does he want to know about the restaurant?
9. Is there a restaurant near there? Where?
Lesson 13.
IN LONDON
A driver wants to see London.
Driver:
Pedestrian:
Driver:
Pedestrian:
38
Driver:
Pedestrian:
Driver:
Pedestrian:
Driver:
Pedestrian:
Vocabulary
Driver
Way
Trafalgar
Square
North
Then
Turn
Right
End
To see
Monument
Far
Kilometers
Big ben
So
Queen
Has been
Out
Holland
Pedestrian
See
(Driver)
(Ui)
(Traflgar)
(Skuar)
(Norz)
(Den)
(Tern)
(Rit)
(End)
(T sii)
(Mniument)
(Far)
(Klomiters)
(Big ben)
(So)
(Kun)
(Jas bin)
(Aut)
(Jland)
(Pedstrian)
(s )
Chofer
Camino
Trafalgar
Plaza, cuadrado
Norte
Entonces
Girar, virar, doblar
Derecho
Fin
Ver
Monumento
Lejos
Kilmetros
Un reloj famoso en Londres
Tan
Reina
Ha estado
Fuera
Holanda
Peatn
Ver.
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. Can the pedestrian tell the driver the way to Trafalgar Square?
2. Where is Trafalgar Square?
39
Mr. Black:
Frank:
Mr. Black:
Frank:
Mr. Black:
Frank:
Vocabulary
Hello
To make
Reservation
Holidays
Flight
Leaves
(Jelu)
(Mik)
(Reservishon)
(Jlideis)
(Flit)
(Livs)
Hola (formal)
Hacer
Reservacin
Vacaciones
Vuelo
Dejar, salir, irse
40
Arrive
Tomorrow
Sunday
Week days
Only
Fly
Next
Beach
Comeback
Again
What time?
(Arriv)
(Tumrou)
(Sndei)
(Uk dis)
(nli)
(Fli)
(Nkst)
(Bich)
(Kombck)
(Eguin)
(Tim)
Llegar, llega
Maana
Domingo
Das entre semana
Solamente, solo
Volar
Prximo
Playa
Regresar
Otra vez
A que hora?
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. What does Frank want?
2. What does Mr. Black say about Cuba?
3. What time does the flight leave?
4. What time does it arrive in Cuba?
5. What does Frank want to know?
6. What does Mr. Black say?
7. What does Frank say?
8. What does Mr. Black want to know?
9. What will Frank see in Cuba?
10. When will he come back?
11. When will he be in Mexico again?
Exercise 2
Suppose you want to book a reservation to go to a Latin American country.
41
Lesson 15.
Reading
THE PARTY
Every night the guests of the Ritz Hotel get together around the pool to dance and drink.
Tonight they are going to have a party and they say they are going to dance till morning.
The waiters are preparing the tables and sweeping the area. Everything will be ready by 9
oclock.
Susan is ironing her new dress. She wants to look pretty because she is going to dance with
Robert the whole night. Mrs. Green isnt going to dance. She says she is too old to dance. She is
going to watch the people dance. Roberts parents are going to the dance although Mr. Smith is
very lazy. He prefers to play cards with professor Vancer. This is going to be a good party.
Everybody is going to enjoy it.
Vocabulary
Get together
Around
Tonight
Till
Preparing
Sweeping
Area
Everything
Ready
By
Ironing
Her
Dress
New
To look
Pretty
Because
Whole
Watch
People
Lazy
Dance
Although
Prefer
Cards
Participate
(Get tuguder)
(Arund)
(Tunit)
(Til)
(Pripring)
(Suping)
(rea)
(Evrizng)
(Rdi)
(Bi)
(ironing)
(Jer)
(Dres)
(Ni)
(T lk)
(Prti)
(Bicz)
(Jul)
(Uch)
(Ppol)
(Lisi)
(Dans)
(Oldu)
(Prifr)
(Cards)
(Participit)
Se renen, reunirse
Alrededor
Esta noche
Hasta
Preparando
Barriendo
rea, lugar
Todo
Listo
Alrededor de
planchando
Su (de ella)
Vestido
Nuevo, nueva
Parecer
Bonita
Porque
Toda, todo
Mirar, vigilar
Gente
Haragn
Baile
Aunque
Preferir
Cartas, barajas
participar
42
Exercise 1
Answer the questions.
1. What do the guests of the Ritz Hotel do every night?
2. What are they going to do tonight?
3. What are they going to do in the party?
4. What are the waiters doing?
5. What time will everything be ready?
6. Whats Susan doing?
7. What does she want? Why?
8. Why isnt Mrs. Green going to dance?
9. What is she going to do?
10. Are Roberts parents going to participate?
11. What does Mr. Smith prefer to do?
12. Is it going to be a good party?
13. Who is going to enjoy it?
Exercise 2
Speak about a party.
43
Lesson 16.
REVENGE
At four oclock
They are still in the party near the pool.
Mr. Smith:
Mrs. Green:
Robert:
Yes, she was dancing very happily, when suddenly she felt
Sick. Shes worse now.
Wed better take her to her room and call a doctor.
Mrs. Green and Robert took Susan to her room and returned to the party
Mrs. Smith:
Mrs. Green:
She is much better now. She took two pills and fell asleep.
Robert wanted to be there with her, but I told him to go.
She needs to rest. I think the weather is affecting her.
44
(nid)
(rest)
(unt)
(bed)
(last)
(us)
(puker)
(fil lik)
(drling)
(gu)
(slip)
(sti)
(ontl)
(fil)
(dzi)
(fint)
(tik)
(mi)
(ruum)
(sik)
(dncing)
(jpi)
(jun)
(sdenli)
(felt)
(urs)
(uid)
(mnayer)
(kol)
(dktor)
(ritrn)
(tk)
(pils)
(fel aslip)
(untid)
(told)
(jim)
(come)
(uder)
(afcting)
(jelp)
(ded)
Necesitar
Descansar
Fui (de ir)
Cama
Pasada, anterior
Era, estaba
Poker
Sentirse con deseos
Querida, querido
Ve (de ir)
Dormir
Permanecer
Hasta
Sentir
Mareada, mareado
Desmayarse
Llevar, tomar
A mi
Habitacin
Enferma
Bailando
Contenta
Cuando
De repente
sinti
peor
contraccin de we would
gerente
llamar
doctor
regresar
tom
pastillas
quedarse dormida (pasado)
quera
dije
a l
venir
el clima
afectndola
auxilio, ayuda
muerto
45
Somebody
Killed
Did
Murderer
Were
Didnt
Anybody
Cleaning
Opened
Door
Found
Believed
Knocked
Answer
Early
Locked
Unlocked
Chambermaid
(sombdi)
(kld)
(did)
(mrderer)
(ur)
(ddent)
(enibdi)
(clning)
(opend)
(dor)
(fund)
(bilvd)
(nkt)
(nser)
(rli)
(lkt)
(onlkt)
(chimbermid)
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. Who is tired?
2. What does he need?
3. Did he go to bed early last night?
4. What was he doing with Professor Vancer?
5. Does he want to go to bed?
6. What are the guests going to do?
7. Who wants to dance?
8. What does Susan say?
9. Whats the matter with Susan?
10. What does she want Robert to do?
11. What does Mrs. Green want to know?
alguien
mat
pasado de do
asesino
estaba, era
contraccin de did not
nadie
limpiando
abr
puerta
encontr
cre
toqu
respuesta
temprano
cerrada (con llavn)
abierta (sin llavn)
camarera
46
47
.
Lesson 17.
REVENGE
Hotel Manager:
Robert:
What happened ?
Hotel Manager:
Robert:
Hotel Manager:
Robert:
Hotel Manager:
Hotel Manager:
Inspector:
Chambermaid:
48
(Com dun)
(Pols)
(Toch)
(Jpend)
(Son)
(Mrderd)
(Gu in)
(God)
(Kushons)
(Nrvous)
(Cring)
(Shu)
(Shud)
(Uidut)
(Permshon)
(Lst)
(Urkers)
(Inspctor)
(tk)
(Find)
(Clind)
(S)
(Opend)
(Insid)
(Unt in)
(Bld)
(Flr)
(Lkt)
(Man)
(Scrimd)
(Kld)
(Got skard)
(Znk)
(Get skard)
Tranquilzate
Polica
Tocar
Pas
Hijo
Asesinado
Entrar
Dios
Preguntas
Nerviosa
Llorando
Mostrar
Deber, debe
Sin
Permiso
Listado, lista
Trabajadores
Inspector
Hablar
Encontrar
Limpi
Vi, vi
Abierta
Dentro
Entr, entr
Sangre
Piso
Mir, mir
Hombre
Grit, grit
Llam
Me asust
Pensar
Asustarse
49
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the reading.
1. Who found the body?
2. What did the hotel manager tell Nancy to do?
3. Who is going to call the police?
4. What did he ask the waiter to do?
5. What did the hotel manager want to know?
6. What does Robert ask the hotel manager?
7. What does the hotel manager say about Nancy?
8. Who is crying in a room? Why?
9. What did the inspector want the hotel manager to do?
10. Does he want anybody to touch anything?
11. Should anybody leave the hotel without permission?
12. Why does he want a list of all the guests and workers of the hotel?
13. What does he want to see?
14. Who wants to talk to Nancy? Why?
15. What does the inspector ask Nancy?
16. What does Nancy say?
17. Did she see the door open?
18. How many times did she knock?
19. What did she think?
20. Did she go in?
21. What did she see on the floor?
50
51
Lesson 18.
Reading
THE MURDER
Nancy works in the Ritz Hotel. Shes a chambermaid. She cleans the rooms and makes the beds.
She was cleaning the rooms when she knocked at the door of room 208. She realized the door
was unlocked and she pushed it open. She saw a man resting on the bed, and when she called
him, there was no response. She tried again, but there was still no response. She decided to get
close to him, and suddenly she saw some drops of blood on the floor. She looked at him, and she
saw a wound on his heart. She realized that his face was very pale. She began to scream. She ran
out of the room, and some workers came running towards her. She was so nervous that another
girl took her to a room next door. Nancy wanted to cry. She didnt want to talk to anybody.
When the hotel manager arrived, she told him everything she had seen. The hotel manager called
the police.
Vocabulary
Murder
Realized
Pushed
Resting
Insisted
Either
Decided
Get close
Drops
Wound
Heart
Face
Pale
Began
Scream
Ran out
Came
Running
Towards
Another
(Mrder)
(Rialisd)
(Pusht)
(Rsting)
(Insstid)
(der)
(Disidid)
(Gut klus)
(Drops)
(Und)
(Jrt)
(Fis)
(Pil)
(Bign)
(Scrim)
(Ran aut)
(Kim)
(Rning)
(Tuards)
(Ander)
Asesinato
Se dio cuenta de
Empuj
Descansado
Insisti
Tampoco
Decidi
Acercrsele
Gotas
Herida
Corazn
Cara
Plida
Comenz
Gritar (de terror)
Sali corriendo.
Vinieron
Corriendo
Hacia
Otra
52
Girl
Cry
Arrived
Had seen
Decide
(Gerl)
(Kri)
(Arivd)
(Jad sin)
(Disi)
Chica, nia
Gritar, llorar
Lleg
Haba visto
Decidir
Exercise 1
Answer the questions.
1. Where does Nancy work?
2. What is her job?
3. What does a chambermaid do in the hotel?
4. Was she cleaning the rooms when she found the body yesterday?
5. Did she knock at the door of room 208?
6. What did she see in the room?
7. Did she call the man?
8. Was there any response?
9. What did she decide?
10. What did she see on the floor?
11. Did she look at the body?
12. What did she see?
13. What did she begin to do?
14. What did she do?
15. Where was she taken?
16. What did she tell the hotel manager?
17. Who called the police?
53
Composition 3
Answer the following questions and make a composition with them.
1. Do you enjoy going to hotels?
2. Whats your favourite hotel? Why?
3. When did you last go there?
4. Who did you go with?
5. What time did you leave your house?
6. What time did you arrive?
7. How long did you stay in the hotel?
8. Did you have a good time?
9. What activities did you do in the hotel?
10. How did you go back home?
54
Lesson 19.
Dialogue
REVENGE
The police is still investigating,
Policeman:
Inspector:
I should talk to all the guests and workers of the hotel. Id like to see them
in the lobby in half an hour.
Vancer:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
Vocabulary
Killed
Sharp
Weapon
Several
(Kild)
(Sharp)
(Upon)
(Sveral)
Asesinado, matado
Afilada, afilado
Arma
Varias, varios
55
Bigger
Spot
Away
Fingerprints
Neither ... nor
Glasses
Lets see
Left
Alibi
After
Girlfriend
Minutes
Have talked
Told me
Body
According
Half past four
Place
Policeman
Murderer
Them
Twenty
(bguer)
(Spot)
(Auy)
(Fnguerprints)
(Nder nor)
(Glsis)
(Lets si)
(Left)
(Alibi)
(fter)
(Gurlfrend)
(Mnits)
(Jav tokt)
(Tol mi)
(Bdi)
(Acrding)
(Jaf past for)
(Plis)
(Polsman)
(Mrderer)
(Dm)
(Tunti)
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. What did the murderer use to kill the man?
2. What was found on the floor?
3. Where is the biggest spot of blood?
4. Was the weapon found in the room?
5. Are there fingerprints on the table?
6. What should the inspector do?
7. Where is he going to see them in half an hour?
8. What has Professor Vancer been doing?
9. Was he in the hotel when the man was killed?
10. Does he have a good alibi?
Ms grande
Mancha, lunar
Alejarse, lejos
Huellas
Ni en .. ni en...
Vasos
Vamos a ver
Dej
Coartada
Despus
Novia
Minutos
Ha hablado
Me dijo
Cuerpo
De acuerdo
Cuatro y media
Lugar
Polica
Asesino, asesina
A ellos
Veinte
56
11. Who left the area of the pool after Mr. Smith?
12. Why did Susan leave the place?
13. Who took Susan to her room?
14. What did she take?
15. Where did Roberts mother go twenty minutes later?
16. Did Mrs. Smith find the body?
17. Has the inspector talked to Nancy?
18. What time was Mr. Smith killed?
19. What does the inspector ask Mrs. Smith?
Exercise 2
Try to retell the story using your own words.
57
Composition 4
Answer the questions and make a composition with the answers.
1. What is the name of a person who is important to you?
2. Is the person a relative, friend, neighbour, teacher, etc.?
3. How long have you known this person: all your life, only a short period, many years?
4. Where does this person live?
5. Has this person lived there all his or her life?
6. What does this person do?
7. Will you see this person after class? Why? Why not?
8. How old is this person?
9. Is there anything else you want to say about this person?
58
Lesson 20.
Dialogue
REVENGE
Mrs. Smilth wants to confess.
Mrs. Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs. Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs. Smith:
Inspector:
Tony:
Inspector:
Hotel
Manager:
Inspector:
Who?
Hotel
Manager:
59
Vocabulary
Here we are
Lover
Husband
Waited
Had gone
Cinema
Has
Swear
Watched
Film
Horror
Stub
If
Recognize
Colector
Fully
Convinced
Guilty
No guilty
Carrying
Parcel
Tool
Deskclerk
( jar u ar)
( lver)
(jsband)
(uitid)
(Jad gon)
(cnema)
(jas)
(suar)
(ucht)
(film)
(jror)
(stob)
(if)
(ricogniz)
(colctor)
(fli)
(convnsd)
(gulti)
(nu gulti)
(cring)
(prcel)
(tl)
(dsclrk)
Aqu estamos.
Amante
Esposo
Esper, esper.
Haba ido
Cine
Tiene
Juro, jurar
Vi
Filme, pelcula
Horror
Parte del Ticket
Si
Reconocer
Rec Recogedor, el que recoge
Totalmente
Convencido, convencida
Culpable
Inocente
Llevando
Paquete
Herramienta
Carpetero, carpetera.
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. What would Mrs. Smith like to do?
2. What does the inspector ask her?
3. Does she have a lover?
4. Where is he?
5. What is his name?
6. Does she want her son to know about her lover?
7. Where did she go after her husband left the pool?
8. Was Tony in his room?
60
61
Lesson 21.
Dialogue
REVENGE
Next day
The investigation is still going on.
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Inspector:
In the room
Mrs. Green:
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Vocabulary
Captured.
Neighbours.
Us
(cpshurd)
(nibors)
(os)
Captur
Vecinos
A nosotros
62
Questioned
Said
Stealing
Money
Removed
Hinges
Safe
Being
Discovered
Ran
To Hide
House
Thought
Nobody
Had seen
So
Anything
Accused
Robbery
Took advantage
Music
Pair
Scissors
Wrapped up
Headscarf
Sad
Story
Germany
We used to
Concentration
Camp
Another
Whose?
Real
Nazi
Officer
In front of
(kustion)
(sed)
(stling)
(mni)
(rimvd)
(jnyes)
(sif)
(bing)
(discverd)
(ran)
(t jid)
(jus)
(zot)
(noubdi)
(jad sin)
(son)
(nizing)
(akisd)
(rberi)
(tuk advntich)
(misik)
(par)
(scsors)
(rpt op)
(jdscarf)
(sad)
(stri)
(yrmani)
(isd)
(concentrishon)
(camp)
(ander)
(js)
(ral)
(ntzi)
(fficer)
(in front ov)
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. Where did they capture the desk clerk?
2. What did his neighbours tell them?
Interrogu
Dijo
Robando
Dinero
Quit, remova
Bisagras
Caja fuerte
Siendo, ser
Descubierto
Corri
Esconder
Casa
Pens
Nadie
Haba visto
Por eso, as
Nada
Acusado, acusada
Robo
Se aprovech
Msica
Parejas, par
Tijeras
Envolv, envolvi
Pauelo de cabeza
Triste
Cuento, historia
Alemania
Acostumbramos a
Concentracin
Campo
Otro, otra
De quin?, el cual?
Real
Nazi
Oficial
Frente a
63
64
Exercise 2
Did Mrs. Green kill the man?
Discuss it with a friend.
65
Lesson 22.
Dialogue
REVENGE
Mrs. Green wants to confess.
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
No, she doesnt know about him, and shes in love with Robert.
Im afraid they love each other.
In the lobby
Inspector:
Everything is clear. Mrs. Green confessed that she killed Mr. Smith.
She said he was a Nazi officer and his real name was Von Holter.
We are going to investigate this very well.
Robert:
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Robert:
Vocabulary
In love
Each other
Clear
Confessed
Investigate
This
(in lv)
(ich der)
(klar)
(confst)
(investiguit)
(dis)
Enamorada, enamorado.
Uno al otro
Claro, clara
Confes
Investigar
Esto, esta
66
Impossible
True
German
Dare
Besides
Something
Wrong
Sitting
Between
Fence
Move
Quite
Sure
That
Trying
Really
Were
Alive
Couldnt
Could you?
(impsibol)
(tr)
(yrman)
(dar)
(Bisids)
(smzing)
(rng)
(sting)
(bitun)
(fns)
(muv)
(Kuit)
(shur)
(dt)
(tring)
(rli)
(ur)
(aliv)
(kdent)
(kud i)
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. What does Mrs. Green tell the inspector?
2. Do Susan and Robert love each other?
3. What did Mrs. Green confess?
4. What does she say?
5. What is the inspector going to do?
6. What does Robert say?
7. What nationality was Mr. Smith?
8. Would he dare kill anybody?
9. Did Mrs. Green leave the pool?
10. Who called them?
Imposible
Verdad
Alemn
Atreverse
Adems
Algo
Equivocado, errneo
Sentada, sentado.
Entre. (dos cosas)
Cerca
Moverse
Completamente
Seguro, segura
Esa, eso, aquella, aquello
Tratando
Realmente
Fuera, estuviera.
Vivo, viva
No pudo
Pudiste?, pudo?
67
68
Lesson 23.
Dialogue
REVENGE
The inspector wants to find out who killed Mr. Smith.
Inspector:
Mrs. Green, I want you to tell us the way you killed the man.
The weapon you used, etc.
Mrs. Green:
I left the party when nobody could see me, and I came here with the
scissors I had taken from my room some minutes ago.
I pushed the door, and it was open. I saw him sleeping peacefully.
I got close to him, and I stabbed him in the heart. I ran away.
I got rid of the scissors.
I washed my hands, and I went to the party again.
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Inspector:
Did you talk to your daughter, Susan, about the way you
killed him?
Mrs. Green:
Yes, I wanted her to know that I had taken revenged for her father.
It was something terrible for her to see how a murderer
was killing her father very slowly, and she couldnt do
anything because she was still a girl.
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Vocabulary
Ago
Sleeping
Peacefully
Got close
Stabbed
Got rid of
Get rid of
Washed
Hands
(agu)
(slping)
(psfuli)
(got kluz)
(stabd)
(got rid ov)
(gut rid ov)
(usht)
(jnds)
Atrs.
Durmiendo.
Tranquilamente.
Se acerc
Apuale
Se deshizo de.
Deshacerse de.
Lav
Manos.
69
Use
Stop
Way
Anywhere
Terrible
Slowly
Still
To marry
(is)
(stop)
(ui)
(nijuar)
(tribol)
(sluli)
(stil)
(tu mri)
Exercise 1
1. What does the inspector want?
2. When did Mrs. Green leave the party?
3. What did she do later?
4. Did she push the door?
5. Was it opened or closed?
6. What did she see?
7. Did she get close to him?
8. What did she do?
9. Where did she stab him?
10. What did she do later?
11. What did she do with the scissors?
12. Where did she go after she washed her hands?
13. Did she only use the scissors?
14. Didnt she stop near the door?
15. Did she stop anywhere?
16. Has she talked to her daughter about it?
17. Has she taken revenged for her husband?
18. What did Susan see when she was ten years old?
19. Could she do anything? Why?
20. Why does the inspector want to talk to Susan?
Usar.
Pararse, detenerse.
Forma, modo.
En ninguna parte o lugar.
Terrible.
Despacio.
Todava
Casarse.
70
71
Lesson 24.
Dialogue
REVENGE
Susan is in trouble.
Inspector:
Susan:
Inspector:
Yes, what time did you go to bed the day the murder was committed?
Susan:
Inspector:
Susan:
Inspector:
Susan:
Inspector:
Did your mother give them to you or did you take them by yourself ?
Susan:
I took them by myself. I had them in the night table near my bed.
Inspector:
Susan:
Inspector:
If you say you felt quite sick, who told you it was 10 minutes after four?
Susan:
Vocabulary
Sargeant
Committed
Glass
Kind
Sleeping pills
Give
Yourself
Myself
Night table
(sryent)
(comtid)
(gls)
(kind)
(sliiping pils)
(giv)
(iurslf)
(maislf)
(nit tibol)
Sargento
Cometido, cometida
Vaso
Tipo
Pastillas para dormir
Dar
Por ti mismo
Por m mismo
Mesa de noche
72
Immediately
Hesitate
(inmdiatli)
(jesitit)
Inmediatamente
Titubear
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. What does the inspector want the policeman to do?
2. Has Susan been told the inspector wants to talk to her?
3. What does the inspector want to know?
4. What does Susan say?
5. Who took her to her room? Why?
6. How did she feel?
7. What does the inspector want to know?
8. What did Susan take the pills with?
9. What kind of pills did she take?
10. Who gave her the pills?
11. Where did she have the pills?
12. What happened after Robert and Mrs. Green left the room?
13. Did Susan hesitate? Why?
Exercise 2
Can you give conclusions about the murder?
73
Lesson 25.
Dialogue
REVENGE
The inspector discovered who the murderer was.
Inspector:
Susan:
Inspector:
Susan:
Yes, my mother was near the pool, and she took me to my room.
She took the scissors and a headscarf and came here.
She opened the door and saw him sleeping.
She got beside him, wrapped up the scissors in the
headscarf and stabbed him three times.
She was leaving the room when she realized that there
were some drops of blood on the floor, and she squeezed
the headscarf, and left the room.
Inspector:
Susan:
Inspector:
Vocabulary
Leaving
Realized
Squeezed
Put
Protect
Since
Beginning
Under
Arrest
Repeat
First
So
(living)
(rializd)
(skizd)
(put)
(protct)
(sins)
(begning)
(nder)
(arst)
(ript)
(frst)
(su)
Saliendo, dejando
Se dio cuenta
Apret
Poner, puso
Proteger
Desde
Comienzo
Bajo, debajo
Arresto
Repetir
Primer, primero
Eso
74
Exercise 1
Answer the questions about the dialogue.
1. Had Susans mother talked to her about the way she killed the man?
2. What does the inspector ask Susan?
3. Can you repeat Susans story?
4. Do you believe her? Why?
5. Who killed Mr. Smith?
6. Why do you say so?
7. How could the inspector discover the murderer?
8. Did Susan have a good alibi?
9. Why did Susan kill Mr. Smith?
10. Why did she faint when she saw Mr. Smith for the first time?
11. Why was Mrs. Green trying to protect Susan?
Exercise 2
How would you react if you had a problem like Susans?
75
Lesson 26.
LOVE AND JUSTICE
A month later
Robert meets the inspector on the street.
Robert:
Hello, inspector.
How are you?
Inspector:
Im fine, thanks.
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
76
Vocabulary
How are you?
Life
Captain
In charge of
Batallion
Same
Yet
Tortured
Many
Loving
Jail
Trial
Courthouse
City
To tell you the truth
Willing
Forgive
Ashamed
Bear in mind
Human being
All of us
Mistakes
(jo ar i)
(lif)
(cptain)
(inchrch ov)
(batlion)
(sim)
(it)
(trshurd)
(mni)
(lving)
(yil)
(tryal)
(cortjus)
(cti)
(t tel i de trz)
(uling)
(forgv)
(ashim)
(bar in mind)
(juman bing)
(ol ov os)
(mistiks)
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. Where are Robert and the inspector?
2. Whats the inspector still doing?
3. What has he found?
4. Where was the concentration camp?
5. Were Susan and her father in the same concentration camp?.
6. Did Von Holter kill Susans father?
7. What did Von Holter do in the concentration camp?
77
78
Lesson 27.
LOVE AND JUSTICE
Next day
Mrs. Green comes across Robert.
Mrs. Green:
Hi, Robert. What are you doing around here? Are you still
in the Ritz hotel?
Robert:
Mrs. Green:
Robert:
Mrs. Green:
Robert:
Mrs. Green:
Robert:
Dont tell her you have seen me. Ill be in Germany untill
next week. Ill be going back to London
after the trial. I dont know if I hate her, or I love her.
Mrs Green:
Robert:
79
Vocabulary
Let
Neighbourhood
To be over
Recently
A lot
Because of
Carrying out
She cries
Deserve
Punish
Unless
Mean
Mixed up
Turn my heart into pieces
Visit
Prison
Go back
Hate
Understand
Promise
Ive seen
Hopes
Kind
(let)
(nirborjud)
(uver)
(rcentli)
(e lot)
(bicz ov)
(cring aut)
(shi cris)
(disrv)
(pnish)
(onls)
(min)
(mixt op)
(tern mi jrt ntu pices)
(vsit)
(prson)
(gu back)
(jit)
(onderstnd)
(prmis)
(iv sin)
(jups)
(kind)
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue
1. Whats Robert doing ?
2. Is he still in the Ritz hotel?
3. Has Robert Seen the inspector recently?
4. When did he see him?
5. What did the inspector tell Robert?
6. What is Mrs. Green sorry about?
7. Does Susan love Robert?
8. What does she do everyday?
Rentar, alquilar
Vecindario
Se terminen
Recientemente
Mucho, gran cantidad
A consecuencia de
Llevando a cabo
Ella llora
Merecer
Castigo
A menos que
Bajo, baja (de mala calaa)
Confundido
Romperme el corazn
Visitar
Prisin
Regresar
Odiar
Entender, comprender
Prometer, promesa
Yo he visto
Tener esperanzas, esperar
Bondadosa, bondadoso.
80
81
Lesson 28.
LOVE AND JUSTICE
Two days later
Robert meets the inspector again.
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
82
Vocabulary
Interested in
Results
As far as I know
Responsible
Massacres
Present
Hard
To pay
Reasons
Problem
Sometimes
Dreaming
Fall in love
Had fallen in love
Face
As soon as
Finish
Details
Keep on
(ntrestid in)
(rislts)
(as far as ai nu)
(rispnsibol)
(msacres)
(prsent)
(jrd)
(t pi)
(rsons)
(prblem)
(somtims)
(drming)
(fol in lov)
(jad flen in lov)
(fis)
(as sun as)
(fnish)
(ditils)
(kipn)
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions about the dialogue
1. Whats Robert interested in?
2. What does he want about his fathers life?
3. Were there many people killed and tortured in the camp?
4. What was Roberts father responsible for?
5. Did Mr. Smith Kill Mr. Green?
6. What could Susan see?
7. What did Susan do in the Ritz hotel?
8. Did she have reasons to do it?
9. Does Robert know what to say? Why?
Interesado en
Resultados
Tanto como se, lo que conzco
Responsable
Masacres
Presente
Duro, dura
Pagar
Razones
Problema
Algunas veces
Soando
Enamorarse
Se haba enamorado
Encarar, cara
Tan pronto como
Terminar
Detalles
Continuar
83
84
Lesson 29.
LOVE AND JUSTICE
IN JAIL.
Mrs. Green visits Susan in Jail.
Susan:
Mrs. Green:
Susan:
Mrs Green:
Susan:
Mrs. Green:
Susan:
Vocabulary
Glad
Expect
Dear
Forgive
(glad)
(ekspt)
(dar)
(forgv)
Contento
Esperar
Querido, querida
Perdonar
85
Revenge
Had sworn
In spite of
Appointment
Phoned
News
Attend
Next week
London
Forever
Expression
Hatred
Overcame
Stand
Years
To go on
Swear
Speak
Information
Sure of
(rivnch)
(jad surn)
(ins pit ov)
(apintment)
(fun)
(nus)
(atnd)
(next wik)
(lndon)
(forver)
(eksprshon)
(jitred)
(overkim)
(stand)
(ars)
(t gu on)
(suar)
(spik)
(informeishon)
(shur ov)
Venganza
Haba jurado
A pesar de
Cita
Telefone
Noticias
Asistir
La semana que viene
Londres
Para siempre
Expresin
Odio
Convertirse
Resistir
Aos
Continuar, seguir adelante
Jurar
Hablar
Informacin
Segura de , seguro de
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions
1. Where did Mrs. Green and Susan meet?
2. Why is Susan in jail?
3. Does she like to be in jail?
4. What does Susan think about Robert?
5. What did she swear?
6. What has the inspector been doing since the day of the murder?
7. Who is going to have an appointment with the inspector tomorrow?
8. What are they going to speak about?
9. Has Mrs. Green seen Robert?
10. What information can you give about Robert?
86
87
Lesson 30.
LOVE AND JUSTICE
The inspector questioned Mrs. Smith.
Inspector:
Mrs. Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs. Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs. Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs Smith:
88
Vocabulary
Forget
Anymore
Met
Got married
To get married
Following
Month
Beginning
Invited
To have lunch
Accepted
Repeated
Over and over again
Affair
Second
Knew
Lies
The truth
Lose
Think
Later on
(forgut)
(nimor)
(met)
(got mrid)
(tu get mrid)
(floung)
(mnz)
(biguning)
(invitid)
(t jav lnch)
(asptid)
(riptid)
(over and over eguin)
(afar)
(skond)
(ni)
(lis)
(de trz)
(ls)
(zink)
(liter on)
Excercise 1
Answer the following questions.
1. What did Mrs. Smith think?
2. Will Robert forgive her? Why?
3. Where did she meet Mr. Smith?
4. Was she in love with him?
5. When did she meet Tony?
6. What was she doing in the market?
7. Was she invited to have lunch?
8. What happened later on?
Olvidar
Nunca ms
Conoci, encontr
Se casaron
Casarse
Siguiente
Mes
Comienzo
Invent
Almorzar
Acept
Repetido, repetida
Una y otra vez
Relacin
Segunda, segundo
Conoca, saba
Mentiras
La verdad
Perder
Pensar
Ms tarde
89
90
Lesson 31.
LOVE AND JUSTICE
NEXT DAY.
Mrs. Smith wrote a letter to her son Robert.+
Mrs. Smith:
Hello, inspector.
Inspector:
Mrs Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs. Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs. Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs. Smith:
Inspector:
Mrs. Smith:
Vocabulary
Brought
Bring
Letter
Suffered
Suffer
Before
(brt)
(bring)
(lter)
(sferd)
(sfer)
(bifr)
Traje
Traer
Carta
Sufrido
Sufrir
Antes
91
Try
Therefore
To manage
To avoid
Both
Opinions
(tri)
(derfor)
(t mnich)
(t avid)
(buz)
(opnions)
Tratar
Por eso
Arreglrselas
Evitar
Ambos
Opiniones
Excercise 1.
Answer the following qustions.
1-. What did Mrs. Smith write?
2-. What did she bring?
3-. What did the inspector promise?
4-. Will Mrs. Smith attend the trial?
5-. What will she try not to do?
6-. How is she going to avoid talking to Robert? Give opinions.
7-. Where is she staying?
8-. Where did she go two days after her husband was killed?
9-. Did she see Tony in London? Give opinions.
10-. When did she decide to return?
11-. What does the letter say?
92
Lesson 32.
LOVE AND JUSTICE.
IN JAIL.
The inspector visits Susan in jail.
Inspector:
Hello, Susan.
How do you feel today?
Susan:
Inspector:
Susan:
Inspector:
Susan:
Inspector:
Susan:
Inspector:
Vocabulary
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Prepare
Declaration
Lawyer
Go back
Gave
(pripr)
(declarishon)
(lyer)
(gu back)
(guiv)
Preparar
Declaracin
Abogado
Regresar
Dio
93
Exercise 1.
1. Where is Susan?
2. Why is she there?
3. Why is she nervous?
4. What did she do with her lawyer?
5. Why does she say she is guilty?
6. Would she like to be punished?
7. Where is Robert?
8. Has the inspector finished investigating Mr. Smiths life?
9. How long will Susan be in jail?
10. Will she marry Robert?
Exercise 2.
Speak about what Susan saw when she was l0 years old.
94
Lesson 33.
Robert:
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Hello, inspector.
Hello, Robert.
Are you two ready for the trial?
Robert:
Yes, Mrs. Green. It is going to be a difficult
situation for me because I really love Susan. I
dont want to see her in jail for many years.
Mrs. Green:
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Vocabulary
1.
2.
3.
4.
Most
Fat
Fatter
Although
(must)
(fat)
(fter)
(oldu)
La mayor parte
Gordo, gorda
Ms gordo, ms gorda
Aunque
95
5. Difficult
6. Spend
7. Spent
8. I couldnt help it
9. During
10. Yesterday
11. As if I were
12. Wake up
13. End
(dficolt)
(spend)
(spent)
(jelpt)
(diring)
(isterdei)
(as if ai uer)
(uik op)
(end)
Difcil
Pasar, gastar
Pas, pas
No lo pude evitar
Durante
Ayer
Como si estuviera, como si fuera
Despertar
Finalizar, terminar
Exercise 1.
Answer the following questions.
1-. Where has Robert been?
2-. Has the inspector seen him recently?
3-. Is Robert really sad?
4-. Are the inspector and Robert ready for the trial?
5-. Why is the trial going to be a difficult situation for Robert?
6-. What did Mrs. Green spend the night doing? Why?
7-. Why must she be very quiet?
8-. What does Susan say about the murder?
9-. How does Mrs. Green feel?
10-. What would she like to do?
96
Lesson 34.
LOVE AND JUSTICE
The trial.
Robert:
Inspector:
Lets go inside.
INSIDE
Mrs. Green:
Look! Susan is coming. Oh! God, she saw you, Robert, and
she began to cry. She looks very nervous. Please,
Robert, try not to look at her very often.
Robert:
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Shes been sick all these days. She had a fever and a
terrible cold. She was taking medicines prescribed by
the doctor, but luckily she is getting over it.
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Inspector:
They are the members of the jury. They will give the final
conclusions of the trial. I hope the trial will last only one session because
if it gets complicated, they will put it off for two or three days.
Vocabulary
Start
God
Often
Thin
Thinner
Than
Advice
(start)
(god)
(fen)
(zin)
(znner)
(dan)
(advis)
Comenzar
Dios
A menudo
Delgada, delgado
Ms delgada, ms delgado
Que (comparativo)
Consejo
97
Conciosness
Enough
Fever
Cold
Prescribed
Luckly
Getting over
Judge
Entering
Lets
Stand up
Those
Members
Jury
Conclussions
Hope
Last
Session
Complicated
Put off
(cnshosnes)
(inf)
(fiver)
(kuld)
(priscrib)
(lkli)
(gting over)
(ych)
(ntering)
(lts)
(stand op)
(dus)
(mmbers)
(yri)
(konclshons)
(jup)
(last)
(sshon)
(complikitid)
(put of)
Conciencia
Suficiente
Fiebre
Catarro, resfriado, fro
Prescritas
Por suerte
Recuperando
Juez
Entrando
Vamos
Ponerse de pie, pararse
Esos, aquellos
Miembros
Jurado
Conclusiones
Esperar, tener esperanza
Durar
Sesin
Complicado
Cancelar
Exercise 1.
Answer the following questions.
1-. What are Robert, the inspector, and Mrs. Green talking about?
2-. What did Susan do when she saw Robert?
3-. What does Robert say about Susan?
4-. Does the inspector want Robert to accuse Susan? Why?
5-. Was Susan sick?
6-. What happened to her?
7-. Is she getting over it?
8-. What do the members of the jury do in a trial?
9-. How does Susan look?
10-. Would you accuse her if you were Robert? Why? Why not?
98
Exercice 2.
Lets suppose somebody killed your friend, and you accused him.
What would you say?
99
Lesson 35.
LOVE AND JUSTICE
Robert received a letter.
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
I saw her on the street, and she told me she was going
to attend the trial.
Robert:
Inspector:
Mrs. Green:
Inspector:
Robert:
Inspector:
Robert:
Vocabulary
A few
I wonder
Punishment
Lenient
Deserve
To read
(e fi)
(ai wnder)
(pnishment)
(lnient)
(disrv)
(t rid)
Unos pocos
Me pregunto
Castigo
Indulgente
Merecer
leer
100
Exercise 1.
Answer the following questions.
1-. Should Mrs. Smith attend the trial? Why?
2-. Did she say anything about attending the trial?
3-. Does Robert hate his mother?
4-. What does the inspector advise him to do? Why?
5-. Should the judge and the jury be lenient with Susan?
6-. Does she deserve a hard punishment?
7-. Why isnt Mrs. Smith in the trial?
8-. What did the inspector give Robert?
9-. What did Mrs. Smith write in the letter?
Exercise 2.
Write a letter as if you were Roberts mother. Use your imagination.
101
Lesson 36.
THE LETTER
Dear Son:
I have been living with a bitter secret for a long time, and the day has come to tell you the truth
about me and about you.
I used to live in a small village near a quiet city. My parents were very poor. I couldnt attend
school because of our economical conditions. My father died when I was eleven years old, and
my mother died during the war. I found myself alone in the world, when I was fifteen years old,
and I had to do things that are criticized by society.
I met a very handsome man by the name of Robert Collins. I fell in love with him. He
abandoned me five months later, and I didnt have time to tell him I was pregnant. Two months
later a Nazi officer asked me to marry him, and I didnt hesitate because I needed a step father
for you.
Please forgive Susan; she loves you. I want you to marry her and have many children. They will
give you a lot of fun and love forever.
Look for your father. He doesnt know about you, but I know he is a very nice person and will
understand immediately.
He lives in London and his name is Robert Collins. He is a very good lawyer, and he can do
something for Susan.
I beg you to forgive me. My death is necessary. I cant stand living with this shameful behavior.
Marry Susan, and be happy forever.
I love you,
Your mother, Carol.
102
Vocabulary
Bitter
Secret
Village
Poor
Our
Economical
Conditions
Died
Die
World
Things
Criticize
Are criticized
Society
Handsome
Abandon
Abandoned
Pregnant
Needed
Need
Step father
Children
Fun
I beg
Death
Shameful
Behaviour
Happy
Suicide
(bter)
(skrit)
(vlich)
(pur)
(uor)
(ikonmicol)
(condshons)
(did)
(di)
(urld)
(zings)
(critisiz)
(critizid)
(sosyati)
(jndson)
(abndon)
(abndond)
(prgnant)
(nidid)
(nid)
(step fder)
(chldren)
(fon)
(ai beg)
(dz)
(shmful)
(bijivior)
(jpi)
(suisid)
Exercise 1.
Answer the following questions.
1-. What has Mrs. Smith been living with for a long time?
2-. What do you know about her parents?
3-. When did she find herself alone?
4-. What did she do when she was fifteen years old?
5-. What do you know about Robert Collins?
Amargo
Secreto, secreta
Aldea
Pobre
Nuestro, nuestra
Econmica, econmico
Condiciones
Muri
Morirse
Mundo
Cosas
Criticar
Son criticados
Sociedad
Bien parecido (hombre)
Abandonar
Abandon
Embarazada
Necesitaba
Necesitar
Padrastro
Nios (hembras y varones)
Alegra
Yo ruego
Muerte
Vergonzoso
Comportamiento
Feliz
Suicidio
103
104
Lesson 37.
LOVE AND JUSTICE
The final verdict.
Robert:
Mrs. Green:
Oh! God
Inspector:
Calm down Robert. I didnt know she was going to kill herself.
Judge:
Member of
the Jury:
Judge:
Mrs. Green:
Robert:
After reading the letter, I decided to talk to Susan and ask her to marry me.
Inspector:
Mr. Collins:
Robert:
Vocabulary
105
Commited
Herself
Reached
Your honor
Concluded
Condenm
To pay
Bail
Dollars
On parole
Break
Law
Circunstances
Dismissed
Miracle
Free
Surprise
Now on
Little
Respect
Exercise 1.
(comtid)
(jerslf)
(richt)
(iur nor)
(concldid)
(condenm)
(t pi)
(bil)
(dlars)
(on perl)
(brik)
(lo)
(srcunstncis)
(dismst)
(mrakel)
(fri)
(sopris)
(no on)
(ltel)
(rispct)
Cometi
Ella misma
Alcanzado, llegado
Su seora (al juez)
Conclumos
Condenar
Pagar
Fianza
Dlares
Bajo palabra
Romper, violar
Ley
Circunstancias
Terminada
Milagro
Libre
Sorpresa
De ahora en adelante
Poco, pequeo
Respetar.
106
107
OTHER PREPOSITIONS
Get to, arrive at, arrive in.
We say arrive in a country or town but arrive at with other places.
Ex. I arrived in Paris last night.
I arrived at the hotel at 10 oclock.
But get to a place.
Ex. I get to the hotel at 9 every day.
In. During. For.
We can use in or during to refer to a period of time, often with the same meaning.
Ex. We were in Rome during/in summer.
Ex. It snowed during/in the night.
We prefer during to say that something continues all through a period.
Ex. We were in Rome during the whole summer.
For and since.
We use for when we mention the length of the period.
Ex. For two hours, for six months, etc.
We use since when we mention the starting point of the period.
Ex. since one oclock, since april, since spring, etc.
Ex. Ive been watching tv for two hours.
Ive been watching tv since 7 oclock.
By. We use by + noun to say how we travel.
Ex. by car, by bus, by train, by ship.
Ex. I always come to school by bus.
But we say on foot (walking).
Ex. Does he usually go to school on foot?
108
A is over B
B is under A
A is above B
B is below A.
109
PREPOSITIONS (Cont.)
After many adjectives we use particular prepositions.
Here are some examples of these adjectives + preposition combinations.
excited about
good at
conscious of
worried about
bad at
full of
nervous about
clever at
apable of
angry about
hopeless at
atonished at/by
annoyed about
surprised at/by
amazed at/by
furious about
engaged to
famous for
interested in
nice to
similar to
friendly to
responsible for
bored with
disappointed with
different from/to
rude to
scared of
married to
afraid of
proud of
polite to
ashamed of
jealous of
pleased to
tired of
envious of
fond of
by mistake
by accident
by chance
for lunch
for breakfast
for dinner
in love
in my opinion
on holiday
apologized to
apply for
believe in
belong to
care about
take care of
aware of
Prepositions + noun.
on television.
Verb + preposition.
110
complain to
concentrate on
depend on
die of
hear about
laught at
smile at
listen to
look at
rely on
suffer from
wait for
write to
111
WORD ASSOCIATION
Find the word association for the following.
Use the list.
Words
Association
List
Ex. house
family
family
1. businessman
highway
2. apple pie
wife
3. cigarette
toothache
4. bird
chimney
5. letter
cloud
6. car
custard
7. school
typewriter
8. husband
comb
9. secretary
saucer
10. tree
nest
11. hair
bridge
12. dentist
trunk
13. cup
library
14. roof
lighter
15. book
train
briefcase
17. river
envelope
18. sky
fork
19. knife
pupils
112
PHRASAL VERBS
Phrasal+verb+object
verb+object+particle verb+pronoun+particle
turn it on
turn it off
fill it in
put it in
plug it in
take it out
press it in
113
PRONOUNS
Pronoun
Object
pronoun
Possessive
adjective
Possessive
pronoun
me
my
mine
You
you
your
yours
He
him
his
his
She
her
her
hers
It
it
its
its
We
us
our
ours
You
you
your
yours
They
them
their
theirs
114
OPPOSITES
I. Write down the opposite of each of the words on the left.
Choose from the words on the right.
Ex.
Adjectives
good
bad
Opposite
List
1. fat
closed
2. big
new
3. tall
poor
4. full
bad
5. young
dry
6. open
slow
7. wet
short
8. hot
thin
9. old
low
10. happy
cold
11. fast
empty
12. high
soft
13. rich
small
14. hard
sad
15. right
old
16. strong
thin
17. dead
unkind
18. early
expensive
19. thick
unfriendly
20. wide
awake
115
21. male
stupid
22. kind
wrong
23. clever
late
24. clean
difficult
25. cheap
narrow
26. easy
noisy
27. friendly
weak
28. quiet
dirty
29. asleep
alive
30. good
female
116
OPPOSITES (Cont.)
Verbs
Opposite
List
1. to stop
to take
2. to laugh
to turn off
3. to open
to dislike
4. to come
to borrow
5. to work
to depart
6. to bring
to start
7. to learn
to answer
8. to lend
to push
9. to turn on
to close
10. to ask
to teach
11. to like
to cry
12. to sell
to play
13. to pull
to go
to buy
15. to arrive
to stand up
16. to love
to mend
17. to wake up
to feel well
18. to live
to go to bed
19. to blow
to take off
20. to get up
to find
21. to spend
to hate
22. to break
to lose
23. to shout
to forget
24. to win
to save
to sink
117
26. to show
to whisper
27. to remember
to fall asleep
28. to put on
to suck
29. to lose
to hide
30. to float
to die
118
OPPOSITES (Cont.)
Words
Opposite
List
1. everybody
behind
2. deep
single
3. often
bottom
4. married
country
5. never
last
6. better
future
7. heavy
shallow
8. in front of
always
9. first
far
10. before
unfurnished
11. near
hardly ever
12. child
ligth
13. top
after
14. past
nobody
15. furnished
worse
16. town
adult
119
FAMILY MEMBERS
Great grandmother
Great grandfather
Grandmother
Grandfather
Mother
Father
Great granddaughter
Great grandson
Granddaughter
Grandson
Daughter
Son
Sister
Brother
Aunt
Uncle
Niece
Nephew
Cousin
Cousin
Wife
Husband
Mother-in-law
Father-in-law
Sister-in-law
Brother-in-law
Step mother
Step father
Step sister
Step brother
Step daughter
Step son
120
SPORTS
Baseball
Boxing
Water polo
Volleyball
Wrestling
Swimming
Football
Judo
Kayaks
Handball
Fencing
Canoeing
Softball
Gymnastics
Water skiing
Hockey
Sailing
Tennis
Skating
Diving
Field tennis
Skin diving
Sky diving
Horse back
Chess
Motocross
Weight lifting
Shooting
Cycling
Body building
Car racing
Hunting
121
QUESTION PATTERNS
Whats your name?
Whats he like?
122
VERB
PAST FORM
PAST PARTICIPLE
1. be
2. become
3. begin
4. blow
5. break
6. bring
7. burst
8. buy
9. catch
10. choose
11. come
12. cost
13. cut
14. do
15. drink
16. drive
17. eat
18. fall
19. feel
20. fight
21. find
22. fit
23. forget
24. get
25. give
26. go
27. grow
28. have
29. hear
30. hide
31. hit
32. hold
33. hurt
34. keep
35. kneel
36. know
37. lay
38. leave
39. lend
40. let
41. lie
42. lose
43. make
44. meet
was/were
became
began
blew
broke
brought
burst
bought
caught
chose
came
cost
cut
did
drank
drove
ate
fell
felt
fought
found
fit
forgot
got
gave
went
grew
had
heard
hid
hit
held
hurt
kept
knelt
knew
laid
left
lent
let
lay
lost
made
met
been
become
begun
blown
broken
brought
burst
bought
caught
chosen
come
cost
cut
done
drunk
driven
eaten
fallen
felt
fought
found
fit
forgotten
gotten
given
gone
grown
had
heard
hidden
hit
held
hurt
kept
knelt
known
laid
left
lent
let
lain
lost
made
met
123
45. pay
46. put
47. ride
48. ring
49. rise
50. run
51. say
52. see
53. sell
54. set
55. show
56. sit
57. sing
58. sleep
59. speak
60. spend
61. split
62. stand
63. steal
64. sting
65. swim
66. take
67. teach
68. tell
69. think
70. throw
71. understand
72. wake
73. wear
74. win
75. write
paid
put
rode
rang
rose
ran
said
saw
sold
set
showed
sat
sang
slept
spoke
spent
split
stood
stole
stung
swam
took
taught
told
thought
threw
understood
woke
wore
won
wrote
paid
put
ridden
rung
risen
run
said
seen
sold
set
shown
sat
sung
slept
spoken
spent
split
stood
stolen
stung
swum
taken
taught
told
thought
thrown
understood
waken
worn
won
written
124
Positives
Comparatives Superlatives
one syllable adjetives.
nicer
younger
the nicest
the youngest
earlier
faster
harder
later
the earliest
the fastest
the hardest
the lastest
difficult
interesting
quickly
slowly
Use more, less, the most with longer adjectives and -ly adverbs
more difficult
the most difficult
more interesting. the most interesting
more quickly
the most quickly
more slowly
the most slowly
*With words ending in -y, the -er and -est forms are more common, althought both forms are
used.
Irregular adjectives and adverbs
Adjectives
Adverbs
Bad
Good
Far
badly
wellfar
much
little
many
much
worse
better
farther
further
less
more
more
PHRASAL VERBS
the worst
the best
the farthest
the furthest
the least
the most
the most
125
1. Call up
Telephone
Eg. Alice calls Robert up every week.
2. Get over
3. Go over
"Review" (something)
Eg. Tom studies everyday and goes over his class notes very often.
4. Put off
"Delay" (Something)
Eg. Mrs. Green doesnt like to put things off until the last minute.
5.Turn off
6. Turn on
7. Count on
"Depend on"
Eg. You can always count on Alfred to do the right things.
8. Give back
"Return" (Something)
Eg. Susan gave the ring back to Robert.
9. Give in
"Submit, Surrender"
Eg. Did Susan give in to the temptation to kill Mr. Smith?
"Enter forcibly"
Eg. The man broke into the house and killed the woman.
"Escape"
Eg. The burglar broke into the house last night The police tried
to stop him, but he got away.
13. Make up
"Invent"
Eg. Tony was not arrested. He made up a good story.
"Shout" (Something)
Eg. Nancy called out for help when she found the body.
126
"Produce"
Eg. Professor Vancer came up with a good alibi.
"Refuse, reject"
Eg. If Robert invites Mr. Green to dance, shell turn down
the invitation again.
18. Turn up
"Appear"
Eg. The inspector turned up in the lobby to talk to the guests.
19. Break up
22.Hold back
"Continue to progress"
Eg. Sonia was sick for five days. She was able to keep up with the classes.
25.Keep out of
26. Look up to
"Admire"
Eg. The inspector looks up to Susan because of her sincerity.
"Retract" (something)
Eg. It takes courage to take back unkind remarks.
127
PREFIXES
I. The prefix mis- adds the meaning in the wrong way
Eg. mis + use = misuse
mis + spell = misspell
mis + read = misread
-He misused he word
-He mispelled the word
-He misread the word
II. The prefix re- adds the meaning again or once more
Eg. re + use = reuse
re + read = reread
re + write = rewrite.
- Sheila reused the bag. = Sheila used the bag again.
- She reread the contract = She read the contract again.
- She rewrote the letter = She wrote the letter again.
III. The prefixes un-, dis-, and enUn- means not
Dis- means not or opoosite of
En- means to make (adjective) or to give (noun) to
(en, before P or B, becomes em-)
able = unable
able = disable
popular = unpopular
appear = disappear
Un +
employed = unemployed.
fair = unfair.
Dis
+
honest = dishonest
please = displease.
IV. The prefixes over- underOver- means too much, more than normal
Under means not enough, lees than normal.
Eg. Over + charge = overcharge.
Under+ charge = undercharge.
Over + estimate = overestimate.
Under+ estimate = understimate
128
SUFFIXES
I. The suffix -ful
-ful means full of (something) or enough in of to fill
Thank + ful = thankful. Im very thankful to my friend.
Care + ful = careful. He is a careful driver.
Beauty + ful = beautiful Susan is a beautiful woman.
Spoon + ful = spoonful A spoonful of sugar is enough for me.
Cup
+ ful = cupful
+ ness = sadness.
concentration
creation
+ -ion =
prediction
distraction
participation
admission
+ -ssion =
permit
permission
129
extension
inclusion
explosion
production
+ -tion =
reduce
reduction
addition
+ -ition =
oppose
opposition
invitation
explanation
organization
The suffix -ion changes verbs to nouns with the meaning act or result of.
The heaviest stress is on the syllable preceding -ion.
IV. The suffixes -less and -ly
-less Changes nouns to adjectives with the meaning without, free from.
Meat + less = meatless.
Speech + less = speechless. The children couldnt believe what they were watching. They were
speechless.
-ly changes adjectives to adverbs and some nouns to adjectives.
Happy + ly = happily.
Cheerful + ly = cheerfully.
Great
Glad
+ ly = gladly.
130
Recent + ly = recently.
Simple + ly = simply.
Disorder + ly = disorderly.
Day
Week
+ ly = daily.
+ ly = weekly.
you.
131
VOCABULARY EXPANSION
The suffixes -er/-or and -able/-ible
Notice the meaning and formation of these words.
Joy works. She is a worker.
Some machines compute. They are computers.
A company employs people. Its an employer.
Work
compute + -er =
employ
Worker
computer
employer
actor
projector
translator
believable
+ -able =
readable
understandable
Its credible.
Its legible.
Its comprehensible.
credible
legible
comprehensible
The suffixes -er/or form nouns with the meaning person or thing that does something.
The suffix -able forms adjectives with the meaning can be ( + passive verb) or is appropriate
for (something).
The variation -ible is used with some words of Latin origin.
132
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Colectivo de Autores. Communicative Language Teaching, Bello Horizonte: Brazil. 1996.
2. Lecrn M, Leslie. Autohipnotismo. Edit. Diana: Mexico, 1989.
3. Martinez Perigod, Braulio y Ass Moiss. Hipnosis., Edit. Cientfico-Tcnica: Cuba, 1989.
4. Mena Mrquez, Daniel. La Sofropedia Aplicada a la Enseanza. Jurismatica UAZ,
Mxico. 1995
5. Richard Amato, Patricia, Making It Happen. Longman, New York: London. 1988
6. .Silva, Jos. El mtodo Silva de control mental. Edit. Diana: Mxico, 1979.
7. Trimmer, Eric. El plan de relajacin en Diez das. Edit. Martinez Roca: Espaa, 1987.