.

NATIONAL

AERONAUTICS

AND

SPACE

ADMINISTRATION

MSC INTERNAL NOTE NO. 66-FM-122

V
,&\\$-

4-

October 21, 1966

ii

FLIGHT CREW LAUNCH q!@RT

MODESELECTION CHAPS
FOR
MISSION AS-204A
BY Bobbie D. W e b e r

Flight Analysis Branch

(NASA-CR-7C392) FLIGHT CREW L A U N C H ABORT

*:iaOCE SELECTION CHARTS FOR MISSION A S - L C 4 A
:*: ( N A S A ) 48 p

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N74-75564

00/99

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MISSION PLANNING A N D ANALYSIS D I V I S I O N

c'

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'MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER

HOUSTON, T E X A S

......................

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........ .. .. .. .
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.. .. .. .. . . . . . . .

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Unclas
16635

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MSC INTERNAL NOTE NO. 6 6 - F M - 1 2 2

PROJECT APOLLO
FLIGHT CREW LAUNCH ABORT MODE SELECTION
CHARTS FOR MISSION A S - 2 0 4 A
By Bobbie D. Weber
Fiight Anaiysis Branch

October 21, 1966

MISSION PLANNING AND ANALYSIS DIVISION

NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER
HOUSTON, TEXAS

/&LL

/?.
Approved: c'.
Claiborne R. Hicks, Jr. , Chief
FI ight Analysis Branch
Approved:
John P(r\ Mayer, Chief
Missiov Planning and Analysis Division
I

FIGURFS
Figure

Page
F l i g h t - c o n t r o l t r a j e c t o r y d a t a a s a function
of i n e r t i a l v e l o c i t y and i n e r t i a l f l i g h t path angle a t s-IVB cutoff plus 1-5 seconds
assuming CSM/S-IVB separation has occurred

F l i g h t - c o n t r o l t r a j e c t o r y d a t a a s a function
of time of f r e e f a l l and perigee a l t i t u d e a t
S-IVB cutoff plus 15 seconds assuming CSM/S-IVB
s e p a r a t i o n has occurred.
(a)
(b)

(c)

.....

A f t e r Separation
A f t e r Separation
After Separation

- Scale I
.Scale
.Scale

I1
I11

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
..........

10

u
12

F l i g h t c o n t r o l t r a j e c t o r y d a t a a s a f u n c t i o n of
apogee a l t i t u d e and perigee a l t i t u d e a t S-IVB
c u t o f f plus 15 seconds assuming CSM/S-IVB
s e p a r a t i o n has occurred
(a)
(b)

(c)
(d)

After
After
After
After

Separation
Separation
Separation
Separation

- Scale I
.Scale
.Scale
.Scale

I1
I11

.. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ..
..........

F l i g h t - c o n t r o l t r a j e c t o r y d a t a a s a f u n c t i o n of
i n e r t i a l v e l o c i t y and i n e r t i a l f l i g h t - p a t h angle
a t S-IVB c u t o f f plus 15 seconds assuming CSM/S-IVB
s e p a r a t i o n occurs a t S-IVB c u t o f f plus 45 seconds

13

15
17
19

21

F l i g h t - c o n t r o l t r a j e c t o r y d a t a a s a f u n c t i o n of t i m e
of f r e e f a l l and pexigee a l t i t u d e a t S-IVB c u t o f f
p l u s 15 seconds assuming CSM/S-IVB s e p a r a t i o n occurs
a t S-IVB c u t o f f plus 45 seconds.
( a ) Before Separation
(b) Before Separation
( c ) Before Separtaion

Scale I
I1
111

.Scale
.Scale

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
.........

F l i g h t - c o n t r o l t r a j e c t o r y d a t a a s a f u n c t i o n of apogee
a l t i t u d e and perigee a l t i t u d e a t S-IVB c u t o f f plus
15 seconds assuming CSM/S-IVB s e p a r a t i o n occurs a t
S-IVB c u t o f f plus 45 seconds.

iii

22
23

24

Figure
(a)

Before
( b ) Before
( c ) Before
( d ) Before

Ti

Separation
Separation
Separation
Separation

.. . . .. . .. . ..
. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
...............
- Scale I
- Scale I1
- Scale 111
Scale I V

AGC/DSKY d i s p l a y s a v a i l a b l e f o r onboard a b o r t
mode s e l e c t i o n

iv

25.

27
29

31
33

FLIGHT CREW LAUNCH ABORT MODE SELECTION CHARTS

FOR MISSION AS-204A

By Bobbie D. Weber
SUMMARY
This paper presents launch abort mode s e l e c t i o n c h a r t s t o be used
by t h e AS-204A crew i n s e l e c t i n g the appropriate launch abort mode i f
an a b o r t s i t u a t i o n develops folluwing t h e loss of ground-to-air communications.
Various parameters a r e presented a s functions of apogee a l t i t u d e
(ha), perigee a l t i t u d e ( h ), and t i m e - o f - f r e e f a l l ( T f f , time remaining
P
above 300 000 f t ) . These parameters a r e computed by t h e Apollo guidance computer (AGC) and displayed i n t h e r e g i s t e r s of t h e d i s p l a y and
keyboard (DSKY) panel. I n addition, the parameters a r e presented as
functions of i n e r t i a l v e l o c i t y and i n e r t i a l f l i g h t - p a t h angle t o provide
a more f a m i l i a r and an o v e r a l l a p p r a i s a l of t h e n e a r - i n s e r t i o n abort
regions.
INTRODUCTION
During t h e second q u a r t e r of t h i s year, t h e AGC launch a b o r t
s e l e c t i o n programs ( r e f . 1)were removed from t h e guidance and navigat i o n (GN) system operations plan f o r mission A s - 2 0 4 A t o provide addit i o n a l computer storage f o r AGC programs which c o n t r i b u t e more t o t h e
nominal mission. To provide more onboard c a p a b i l i t y f o r t h e AS-204A
mission, it was apparent t h a t t h e crew needed some means of s e l e c t i n g
t h e appropriate launch abort mode t o use i f ground-to-air communications
are l o s t
A t f i r s t , it was thought t h e crew could a s s e s s an abort s i t u a t i o n
e n t i r e l y with the AGC by observing t h e DSKY r e g i s t e r d i s p l a y s i n programs
12 and 71 and t h e o r b i t a l maneuvering programs ( r e f . 2 ) . The parameters

a v a i l a b l e ( d i s p b y e d ) i n these programs would have included h p ha t f f

t h e d i s c r e t e r e c o v e n area (DRA, landing range of 3200 n. m i . ) miss
d i s t a n c e (AR), and the velocity-change required t o achieve a contingency
o r b i t t a r g e t (AV). However, it was determined t h a t t h e procedures
required t o assess t h e abort s i t u a t i o n i n i t s e n t i r e t y and t h e n t o perform t h e t a s k s necessary f o r a given a b o r t mode would be t o o time consuming.
With the displays presently a v a i l a b l e t h e crew can monitor t h e
AR display sequence t o S-IVB cutoff t o determine whether t o a b o r t
using abort mode 11--separation and f u l l - l i f t entry--or using a b o r t mode
s e r v i c e propulsion system (SPS) burn, and a h a l f - l i f t
111--separation,
e n t r y t o the DRA. (For thorough d e f i n i t i o n s of t h e a b o r t modes, c o n s u l t
r e f . 3 and 4 ) . A mode I1 abort can be performed when AR i s e q u a l o r
g r e a t e r than h a l f t h e f o o t p r i n t length (with AR negative). A mode I11
abort, w i t h no SPS burn, can be performed when AR i s e q u a l t o o r less
than h a l f the f o o t p r i n t length (with AR negative), and a mode I11 a b o r t ,
with an SPS retrograde maneuver, can be performed when AR i s g r e a t e r
than zero (AR p o s i t i v e ) . The SPS maneuver would terminate when t h e
nR d i s p l a y equals zero. However, t h e primary abort mode f o r approximately the l a s t 27 seconds of S-IVB f l i g h t i s mode I V (contingency
o r b i t i n s e r t i o n ) . Along t h e nominal t r a j e c t o r y , mode I V c a p a b i l i t y
e x i s t s p r i o r t o mode II/mode I11 switchover. Using t h e presently a v a i l able displays, the crew can only guess whether they have s u f f i c i e n t
AV t o perform contingency o r b i t i n s e r t i o n .
The enclosed c h a r t s h a v e been generated t o be used i n conjunction
with t h e DSKY r e g i s t e r d i s p l a y s t o allow t h e crew t o a s s e s s an a b o r t
s i t u a t i o n , s e l e c t an abort mode, and provide appropriate d a t a f o r t h e
abort maneuver, i f required.
EXPLANATION OF CHARTS
Two s e t s of c h a r t s have been provided. The f i r s t sc
figures
1 through 3 , present f l i g h t c o n t r o l t r a j e c t o r y d a t a assum ig CSM/S-IVB
separation has occurred. The second s e t , f i g u r e s 4 through 6, present
f l i g h t c o n t r o l t r a j e c t o r y d a t a assuming s e p a r a t i o n has not occurred
b u t r e f l e c t i n g t h e simulation of s e p a r a t i o n occurring a t S-IVB c u t o f f
plus 45 seconds. (The e f f e c t of s e p a r a t i o n occurring subsequent t o
43 secoxds but p r i o r t o S-IVB c u t o f f plus 123 seconds i s considered
negligible.) A l l d a t a presented a r e based on conditions a t S-IVB c u t o f f
plus 15 seconds.

A thorough explanation of t h e enclosed f i g u r e s can b e s t be presented by d e f i n i n g t h e abort regions and f l i g h t - c o n t r o l l i n e s given

i n f i g u r e s 1 and 4. The remaining f i g u r e s a r e simply conversions of
t h e d a t a presented on f i g u r e s 1 and 4 t o f u n c t i o n s of h and Tff o r
P
h and ha. Figure 7 presents t h e AGC/DSKY d i s p l a y s which a r e a v a i l P
a b l e f o r use w i t h f i g u r e s 2 and 3 o r 5 and 6 f o r s e l e c t i n g an a b o r t
mode. S e v e r a l examples w i l l be presented t o c l a r i f y t h e a p p l i c a t i o n
of t h e f i g u r e s i n s e l e c t i n g t h e appropriate a b o r t mode.

D e f i n i t i o n of Abort Pegions mcl Fli,.ht-Contrd

Lines ( f i g u r e s 1 and 4)
Following i s a l i s t of t h e f l i g h t - c o n t r o l l i n e s used i n f i g u r e s
1 and

4:

1. The "Mode II/mode I11 switchover ( f u l l - l i f t landing range =

3200 n. m i . ) l i n e . For any Vi, Yi outside region B and t o t h e l e f t
of t h i s l i n e , a mode I1 a b o r t w i l l be performed.

For any V

i'

Yi t o

t h e l e f t of t h i s l i n e y e t i n s i d e region B, t h e primary a b o r t mode w i l l

be mode IV.
2. The "Mode I11 ( h a l f - l i f t landing range = 3200 n. m i . ) " l i n e .
For any Vi, vi outside region B, and between t h i s l i n e and l i n e 1, a
mode I11 a b o r t w i l l be performed which w i l l r e q u i r e no SF'S r e t r o g r a d e
burn. For any Vi, yi between t h i s l i n e and l i n e 1 y e t i n s i d e region
For any Vi,

B, t h e primary a b o r t mode w i l l be mode IV.

yi t o t h e r i g h t

of t h i s l i n e , an Africa impact can be avoided by performing a r e t r o grade maneuver. (The normal procedure r e q u i r e s t h a t t h e SF'S maneuver
r e s u l t s i n a landing a t t h e DRA.)

3.
J

The

"nv,, + AVm

t o deorbit a t h

of contingency o r b i t i s

2800 f p s " l i n e . Self-explanatory. This l i n e bounds region B i n both

t h e negative and p o s i t i v e f l i & t - p a t h - a n g l e regions.

4. The "Nominal t r a c e a t S - 1 ~ 6c u t o f f + 15 sec." l i n e . On

f i g u r e 1, t h i s l i n e i s based on t h e assumption t h a t s e p a r a t i o n has
occurred

The " A r r i v a l a t apogee conicides w i t h CY1 AOS based on 3

along t h i s l i n e
e l e v a t i o n (Time t o ha > 8 min)" l i n e . For any Vi, Y.
1

5.

t h e s p a c e c r a f t w i l l a r r i v e a t apogee c o i n c i d e n t i a l w i t h t h e C Y I t r a c k i n g

4
s t a t i o n AOS. I f t h e s p a c e c r a f t has l o s t ground-to-air communications
a s a r e s u l t of a ground problem r a t h e r than an onboard systems p r o b l q
t h e crew could await C Y 1 AOS before performing an a b o r t maneuver when
t h e i r abort s o l u t i o n places them e i t h e r on o r t o t h e r i g h t of t h i s l i n e .

6.

The "Time t o apogee, Ta, min." l i n e .

7.

The '% = 75 n. m i . " l i n e . Self-explanatory.

P
The "ha = 500 n. m i . " l i n e . Self-explanatory.

8.
9.

Self-explanatory.

The "Sum of v e l o c i t y change along t h e t h r u s t a x i s required t o

For any Vi, Yi on one of
= 75 n. m i . , nVINS, f ps I' l i n e
P
t h e s e l i n e s (AV = 0 t o AV = 2400 f p s , ) t h e AV t o apply a t S-IVB c u t o f f
plus 125 seconds i s given. The maximumAV presented f o r mode I V a b o r t s
i s 2400 fps. This l i n e bounds region B i n t h e low v e l o c i t y region.
This d a t a assume8 t h e posigrade maneuver w i l l be performed a t a f i x e d
a t t i t u d e of 31.7 between t h e l i n e - o f - s i g h t t o t h e horizon and t h e X
body a x i s with t h e crew i n a heads-down p o s i t i o n .

achieve h

The regions on f i g u r e s 1 and 4 a r e defined a s follows:

1. Region A

- For any Vi,

yi i n region A (bounded by l i n e s 1, 2,

and 3 ) t h e primary mode of abort i s a b o r t mode I11 w i t h no SPS r e t r o grade maneuver.

2.

Region A ' - For any V

if i

i n region A ' (bounded by l i n e s 2

and 3 f o r negative f l i g h t - p a t h angles and l i n e s 2, 3 , and 5 f o r p o s i t i v e

f l i g h t - p a t h a n g l e s ) t h e primary mode of a b o r t i s a b o r t r de 111, which
r e q u i r e s an SPS retrograde maneuver.

3.
and AV,

requires a

4.

- For any Vi'

Yi i n region B (bounded
= 2400 f p s ) t h e primary mode of a b o r t i s a b o r t

Region B

l i n e s 3 , 5,
xle I V , which

SPS posigrade maneuver a t 125 seconds a f t e r S-IVB c u t o f f .

Region C

(figure

4 only)

"

For any Vi,

Yi i n region C (bounded

= 75-11. m i . l i n e ) , t h e AV irnparted
P
by t h e normal s e p a r a t i o n sequence w i l l a s s u r e a s a f e o r b i t .

by t h e AVINs = 0 l i n e and t h e h

i n region D (bounded by l i n e s 3, 5,
5 . Region D For any Vi ?.
1
and 7), t h e crew can perform an SPS posigrade maneuver a t S-IVB cutoff
plus 125 seconds and have s u f f i c i e n t f u e l reserve t o d e o r b i t . However,
t h e primary procedure would be t o perform a maneuver a t apogee t o r a i s e
perigee t o 75 n. m i .

6.

- For

Region E

yi i n region E (bounded by l i n e s 3

any Vi,

and 5 ) , t h e primary procedure w i l l be f o r t h e crew t o perform a maneuver a t apogee t o r a i s e perigee t o 75 n. m i .

7.

Region F

required.

- For

any V

Yi i n region F no immediate a c t i o n i s

A s a f e perigee i s assured.
h -Versus-T

ff

Charts ( f i g u r e s 2 and 3 )

A s indicated previously, a l l c h a r t s a r e based on a fixed time

from S-IVB cutoff (S-IVB c u t o f f plus 15 seconds). If DSKY r e g i s t e r
T f f ) other than those occurring a t c u t o f f plus
d i s p l a y s ( of h
P

15 seconds a r e used t o solve the a b o r t problem, t h e r e s u l t s w i l l be

wrong unless some o t h e r time reference i s u t i l i z e d (ref.:, and 6).
However, reference 6 i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h i s problem can be compensated
f o r i f t h e d i g i t a l event t i m e r (DET) i s always r e s e t t o zero a t S-IVB
c u t o f f . Using t h e DE!T reading and t h e DSKY d i s p l a y s (h
Tff) with
P
t h e h -versus-Tff c h a r t s , t h e abort problem can be solved f o r any
P
time following S-IVB c u t o f f until S-IVB c u t o f f plus s:,seconds. The
h t o be used i s t h e h displayed by t h e DSKY r e g i s t e r . The Tff t o
P
P
be used i s t h e Tff displayed b y t h e DSKY plus t h e DE!T reading minus

15 seconds.

The following examples w i l l c l a r i f y t h e use of hp, Tff

c h a r t s and t h e importance of using t h e Dm7 readings.

Suppose some imminent catastrophe causes t h e a s t r o n a u t t o send
an a b o r t d i s c r e e t which w i l l s h u t t h e S-IVB engine d a m and i n i t i a t e
t h e separation sequence. I n t h i s case, t h e DET i s automatically r e s e t
t o zero. Then, suppose a t S-IVB c u t o f f plus 45 seconds t h e astronaut
reads t h e DSKY r e g i s t e r displays and records h = -625 n. m i . , Tff = 0.5
P
minutes 30 seconds. I f t h e s e values ( f i g . 2), were used t o solve t h e
abort problem, t h e astronaut would see t h a t h i s primary abort mode i s
mode I V , which requires 1700 fps. Or, he could perform a s u b o r b i t a l

a b o r t v i a mode 11. But, t h i s s o l u t i o n would be wrong because readi n g s a t other t h a n t h e fixed time were used. To g e t t h e c o r r e c t
s o l u t i o n the a s t r o n a u t would need t o add 30 seconds t o t h e Tff reading.
(The DET would read 00 minutes 45 seconds). Then, Tff would be 06 minutes.
I f t h e astronaut uses t h e s e values t o solve t h e a b o r t problem, he w i l l
see t h a t the mode IV burn r e q u i r e s only 1600 fps. O r , he can perform
a s u b o r b i t a l a b o r t v i a mode 111. I n t h i s case t h e choice between
l7OO f p s and I600 f p s o r s u b o r b i t a l a b o r t modes would n o t be c a t a s t r o p h i c .
But the astronaut m i g h t make an unwise d e c i s i o n if t h e DET i s not used

near t h e mode I V boundaries. Such a d e c i s i o n would result i n e i t h e r

achieving a contingency o r b i t from which d e o r b i t s near perigee could
not be performed o r performing a s u b o r b i t a l a b o r t when mode I V capab i l i t y existed.
c h a r t s has o t h e r l i m i t a t i o n s . Since
The use of t h e h -versus-T
P
ff
Tff i s a c o n i c a l s o l u t i o n of time t o 300 000 f t , t h e r e e x i s t s no solut i o n s f o r Tff when h

of t h e present o r b i t i s g r e a t e r t h a n 300 000 f t .

Also, t h e r e i s a software r e s t r i c t i o n l i m i t i n g t h e value of Tff d i s played t o '39 minutes 59 seconds. These r e s t r i c t i o n s a r e i n d i c a t e d

on s c a l e I11 [figures 2 ( c ) and 5 ( c ) ] of t h e h -versus-Tff c h a r t s .
P

h -Versus-ha Charts ( f i g u r e s
P
h -versus-ha
P

3 and 6 )

c h a r t s a r e not s u b j e c t t o t h e l i m i t a t i o n s i n d i c a t e d

i n t h e previous paragraphs. However, t h e y a r e s u b j e c t to o t h e r r e s t r i c t i o n s when b e i n g used t o solve t h e a b o r t problem. 1 ? following

example w i l l c l a r i f y t h e use of t h e s e c h a r t s , point out 'Lie r e s t r i c t i o n s on i t s use, and show how t h e s e r e s t r i c t i o n s a r e com' nsated f o r .
For t h i s example assume t h e same events occur a s abovi but suppose
a t S-IVB cutoff plus 4'3 seconds t h e a s t r o n a u t reads t h e DSKY r e g i s t e r
d i s p l a y s and records h = 67 n. m i . , ha = 248 n. m i . Using t h e s e
P
values t o solve t h e a b o r t problem t h e a s t r o n a u t would f i n d two soluThe s o l u t i o n i n t h e upper
t i o n s t o t h e a b o r t problem [ f i g u r e 3 ( d ) ]
h a l f of the c h a r t would i n d i c a t e t h a t 300 f p s would be needed f o r a
mode I V burn. The s o l u t i o n i n t h e lower h a l f of t h e c h a r t would i n d i c a t e t h a t only 200 f p s would be needed f o r a mode I V burn. Also,
i f t h e s o l u t i o n i n t h e lower h a l f of t h e c h a r t i s c o r r e c t , t h e burn
would have t o be applied a t S-IVB c u t o f f p l u s 125 seconds. If t h e
s o l u t i o n i n t h e upper h a l f of t h e c h a r t i s c o r r e c t , t h e mode IV burn
can be applied a t S-IVB c u t o f f plus 125 seconds, or a burn of about
20 f p s can be applied a t apogee (which i s more than 2'3 minutes away)

7
t o raise perigee t o 75 n. m i . To help them determine which s o l u t i o n t o
use, t h e a s t r o n a u t s have a v a i l a b l e a d i s p l a y of time t o perigee (T ).
P
For t h i s example t h e T display would read about 78 minutes. To avoid
P

t h e a p p l i c a t i o n of s t i l l another chart, a "constant" o r b i t a l period of

90 minutes w i l l be assumed f o r all cases when using t h e h h c h a r t s .

P'

Therefore, when T i s more than 45 minutes t h e s o l u t i o n i n t h e upper

P
half of t h e c h a r t w i l l be used, and when T i s less than 45 minutes t h e
P
s o l u t i o n i n t h e lower h a l f of t h e c h a r t w i l l be used. I n t h i s example,
LIE
S U L U I , ~ in
~
the i i p ~ r h
; a l f of the c h a r t shcdd be used. !The primayJ7
procedure would be t o apply a burn at apogee, approximately 33 minutes
45 minutes), t o r a i s e perigee t o 75 n. m i .
from S-IVB cutoff ( T
P
The a s t r o n a u t s would a l s o have an opportunity t o r e - e s t a b l i s h groundt o - a i r communications a s they passed over CYI.
L1.-

- - 7 . - L

CONCLUSION
The enclosed d a t a a r e altitude-dependent.
assuming t h e nominal a l t i t u d e a t S-IVB c u t o f f

A U d a t a were generated
The mode I V AVms .

curves a r e t h e r e f o r e conservative f o r p o s i t i v e a l t i t u d e d i s p e r s i o n s
and unconservative f o r negative a l t i t u d e dispersions. When e i t h e r set
of c h a r t s (h versus Tff o r h versus h ) a r e used, a unique s o l u t i o n
P
P
a
t o t h e abort problem can be found i f some time reference i s used
( e i t h e r DET readings o r T display).
P

VI
-0

al
v)

m
m
VI
m
c
U
m

.-

sr

0
L

a,
u

L
a,
0
3
7
._
LL

10

21
20
19
18
17
16
15

14
13

12
11

10
9
._c
E

IL

t-

LL

m
aJ

0
W

E
._
t-

6
AVINS= 2400 fps

-2000

-1750

-1500

-1250

-1000

Perigee altitude, h

(a) After separation

P'

-750

-500

-250

n. mi.

- Scale 1

Figure 2 . - Flight-control trajectory data as a function of time of freefall and perigee altitude at S-IVB
cutoff plus 15 seconds assuming CSM/S-IVB separation has occurred.

11

S
.-

I-

LL
LL

m
al

.-E"

I-

.
1500

-450

-400

-350

-300

-250

Perigee altitude, hp, n. mi.

(b) After separation

Figure 2.

- Scale

- Continued.

II

-200

-15;

12

.-c

E
LL
LL

I-

-m

L
L

94

94

84

84

74

74

64

64

54

54

44

44

34
32
30
28
26
24

34
32

22

22

20

20

18

18

16

16

14

14

12

12

10

10

30

28
26
24

.-E
I-

-200

-160

-120

-80

-4 0

Perigee altitude, h

P'

(c) After separation

n. mi.

- Scale

Figure 2.- Concluded.

Ill

40

80

Perigee altitude, h

-1100
100

-1000

-900

-800

P'

n. mi.

-7 0 0

-600

-500

-400
100

99

99

98

98

97

97

1 landing

96

96

95

95

94

94

93

93

92

92

91

91

90

90

LMode IV boundary&

89

89

.-

.m
.

U
0

CQ

r
D
m

-c

E
Fr

a,

3
.U

88

88

a,
a,

3.

89

89

Mode IV boundary

90

90

91

91

92

92

93

93

94

94

95

95

96

96

97

97

98

98

99

99

100
-1100

-1000

-900

-800

-700

-600

-5 0 0

100
-400

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

P'
(a) After separation Scale I

Figure 3.- Flight-control trajectory data as a function of apogee altitude and perigee altitude
at S-IVB cutoff plus 1 5 seconds assuming CSM/SIVB separation has occurred.

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

P'

-600
124
122
120
118
116

-5 00

-400

-3 00

-200

AS-204

-100

114

100
124
122
120
118
116
114

112

112

110

110

108

108

106

106

104

104

102

102

100

100

98

98

96

96

94

94

92

92

90

90

.-

-0

(D
(D

a,
U

3 88
.m

88

.g3

p.l

a,
a,

I
n

3
-.

90

90

92

92

94

94

96

96

98

98

100

100

102

102

104

104

106

106

108

108

110

110

112

112

114

114
116
118
120
122
124
100

116
118
120
122
124
-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

P'

(b) After separation

- Scale

Figure 3. - Continued.

II

Perigee altitude, h

-2 00
2 68
258
248
238
228

-8 0

n. mi.

218

80
268
2 58
2 48
238
228
218

2 08

2 08

198

198

188

188

178

178

168

168

158

158

148

148

138

138

128

128

118

118

108

108

98

98

-160

-120

P'

-4 0

40

.-

U
0

.
.

(D
(D

m
r

E
r r

-.
&

al

2
88
u
.-

,
I
-

88

(D

aJ

p.

al

3
-.

98

98

108

108

118

11%

128

128

138

138

148

148

158

158

168

168

178

178

188

188

198

198

2 08

2 08

218

218
228
238
2 48
258
268
80

228
238
248
258
2 68
-200

-160

-120

-8 0

-40

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

P'
(c) After separation

- Scale Ill

Figure 3 , - Continued.

40

Perigee altitude, hP I n. mi.

328

20

30

40

60

50

AS-204

70

80

90
328

3 08

3 08

288

288

2 68

268

248

2 48

228

228

2 08

2 08

188

188

168

168

148

148

128

128

108

108

.-

U
0

m
ID
ID

E
!yr

-.

a,

2
.-

yr

88

88

a,
a,

0
0-

3.

108

108

128

128

148

148

168

168

188

188

2 08

2 08

228

228

248

2 48

2 68

2 68

288

288

3 08

3 08

328
20

30

40

50

60

70

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

P'

(d) After separation

Figure 3.

- Scale

- Concluded.

IV

3' 28

80

90---

m
c
._
E
2
m
VI

VI
n
c

V
0

-._
VI

>

0
U
W

.-

L
0

0
c

L
W

u
3
l
._
LL

22

21
20
19
18
17
16

21
20
19
18
17
16
15

15
14

14
13

13

12

12

11

11

10

10

3
-2000

-1750

-1500

-1250

-1000

-750

-500

-256

Perigee altitude, ho, n. m i .

(a) Before separation

- Scale I

Figure 5.- Flight-control trajectory data as a function of time of free fall and perigee altitude at S-IVB
cutoff plus 15 seconds assuming CSM/S-IVB separation occurs at S-IVB cutoff plus 45 seconds.

22
21
20
19
18
17

16
15
14

13
12
11
10

.-

LL
I-

LL

j 00

-450

-400

-350

-250

-300

Perigee altitude, hp, n. m i .

(b) Before separation

- Scale

Figure 5. - Continued.

I1

-200

-150

24

.-c

iL
LL
I-

22

c
L

.-

I-

94

94

84

84

74

74

64

64

54

54

44

44

34
32
30
28
26
24
22

34
32
30
28
26
24
22

20

20

18

18

16

16

14

14

12

12

10

10

A
V

-200

-160

-120

-80

-4 0

Perigee altitude, hp, n. m i .

(c) Before separation

- Scale I l l

Figure 5.- Concluded.

40

80-

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

P'

-1100

100

-1 000

-900

-8 0 0

-700

-600

-500

-400
100

99

99

98
97
96
95
94
93

92

91

90

89

.-

.m

ca
rD
rD

ru
-.

CT
t-r

88

n
rD

-m

a,
a,

3.

89

90

91

92

93
94
95
96
97
98
99

-1 -0-0
-1100

-1000

-900

-800

-7 00

-600

-500

-400

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

Pf
(a) Before separation

- Scale I

Figure 6.- Flight-control trajectory data as a function of apogee altitude and periglee altitude at S-IVB
cutoff plus 1 5 seconds assuming CSM/lVB separation occurs at S-IVB cutoff plus 45 seconds.

27

Apogee altitude, ha, n. mi.

a,
73
3
.U
Y

m
a,
a

.-m
L

Perigee altitude, h

P'

n. mi.

U
0

a
rD
rD

E
R

-.

.a
rD

Perigee altitude, h

(c) Before separation

Figure 6.

PI

n. mi.

- Scale Ill

- Continued.

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

P'

-200

a,_

-16 0

-120

-4 0

-8 0

40

80

2 68

258
248

238
228
218

2 08
198

188
178

168

158
148

138

128

108

98

IQ

(D
(D

E
Fr

-.
R

88

.E
(D

p1
3

-.3
98

LO8

L 28

L48
158

L 68
L 78
188

L98
2 08

218
228

L VU

-200

-160

-120

-8 0

-4 0

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

PI
(c) Before separation

- Scale I l l

Figure 6.- Continued.

40

238
248
258
2 68

Perigee altitude, h n. mi.

P'

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90
328

3 08
288
2 68
248
228
2 08
188

168

148

128

108

U
0

cn
ID
ID

108

128

148

168

188

2 08
228
248
268
288

3 08
20

30

40

50
Perigee altitude, h
(d) Before separation

60
P'

70

n. mi.

- Scale

Figure 6.- Concluded.

IV

80

328
9 (3

PRIOR TO LET JET

FOLLOWING LET JET

PRGGRAM 12
R 1 - G MAX
R2-PERIGEE ALT.
R3-TFF

R 1 -GAMMA
R 2 -V E LOC IT Y

PROGRAM 1 2
R1-DELTA R
R2-PERIGEE ALT.

PROGRAM 7 1
R1-DELTA R
R2-PERIGEE ALT.

MODE 11/111

R3-TFF

ROUTINE 3 4
R1-APOGEE ALT.
R2-PERIGEE ALT.
R3-TFF

- -MODE
- -11/111- -

EY V33E (PROC)

'

ROUTINE 3 4
R1-T PERIGEE HRS.
R2-T PERIGEE MIN.
R3-T PERIGEE SEC.

----

MODE 11/111

I
J

ROUTINE 34
R1-APOGEE ALT.
R2-PERIGEE ALT.
R3-TFF

MODE IV

I
ROUTINE 341
R1-T PERIGEE HRS.
R2-T PERIGEE MIN.
R3-T PERIGEE SEC.

R1-APOGEE ALT.
R2-PERIGEE ALT.
R3-TFF

(S-IVB/CM

CANNOT BE MONITORED
(DISPLAYS W I L L NOT UPDATE)

SEP)

(ZERJ
Figure 7.

- AGC/DSKY

displays available for onboard abort mode selection.

34
REFERENCES
1.

R-507, G&N Systems Operations Plan Mission AS-204A, MIT/IL

June, 1966.

2.

Weber, Bobbie D. and Treadway, Alexander H.: The F e a s i b i l i t y

of Using The Apollo Guidance Computer O r b i t Maneuvering Programs
For Contingency Orbit I n s e r t i o n f o r AS-204A.
MSC I N 66-FM-102,
Sept. 23, 1966.

3.

AS-204 Launch Abort Description For O r b i t a l Debris Studies.

MSC M 66-m34-136, Sept. 2, 1966.

4.

Contingency Analysis Section, F l i g h t Analysis Branch: AS-204A

Operational Abort and Alternate Mission Studies. MSC I N 66-FM-113,
o c t . 13, 1966.

5.

AS-204/Crew Charts For b u n c h Abort Mode Selection And Procedures-Status. MSC M 66-m34-48, August 23, 1966.

6.

Procedural Suggestion (DET Resetting) To A i d I n The Use of AS-204

Crew Charts. MSC M 66-m34-49, Aug. 26, 1966.