Professional Documents
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INSTITUTE
DIGITAL
NEWS
REPORT
2016
REUTERS
INSTITUTE
DIGITAL
NEWS
REPORT
2016
Nic Newman with Richard Fletcher,
David A. L. Levy and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen
Supported by
Surveyed by
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
Foreword by David A. L. Levy
Methodology 6
Authorship and Research Acknowledgements
Section 2 Analysis by Country
30
32
2.14 Netherlands 58
34
2.15
Switzerland 60
2.3 Germany 36
2.16
Austria 62
2.4 France 38
2.17 Hungary 64
2.5 Italy 40
2.18
Czech Republic
2.6 Spain 42
2.19
Poland 68
2.7 Portugal 44
2.20
Greece 70
2.8 Ireland 46
2.21
Turkey 72
2.9 Norway 48
2.22
South Korea
2.10
Sweden 50
2.23
Japan 76
2.11 Finland 52
2.24
Australia 78
2.12
Denmark 54
2.25
Canada 80
2.13 Belgium 56
2.26
Brazil 82
66
74
Section 3 Further Analysis and International Comparison
84
86
87
89
92
93
94
96
99
103
Section 4 Essays
106
108
110
4.3 People Want Personalised Recommendations (Even as they Worry about the Consequences)
Rasmus Kleis Neilsen, Director of Research, Reuters Institute
112
115
Postscript and Further Reading
118
FOREWORD
Dr David A. L. Levy
Director, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (RISJ)
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
METHODOLOGY
This study has been commissioned by the Reuters Institute
for the Study of Journalism to understand how news is being
consumed in a range of countries. Research was conducted by
YouGov using an online questionnaire at the end of January/
beginning of February 2016.
The data were weighted to targets based on census/industry
accepted data, such as age, gender and region, to represent
the total population of each country. The sample is reflective
of the population that has access to the internet.
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM
slide 2
METHODOLOGY
COUNTRY
USA
FINAL SAMPLE
SIZE
TOTAL
POPULATION
INTERNET
PENETRATION
COUNTRY
FINAL SAMPLE
SIZE
TOTAL
POPULATION
INTERNET
PENETRATION
2,197
321,368,864
87%
Netherlands
2,006
16,900,726
96%
UK
2,024
64,767,115
92%
Switzerland
2,004
8,236,573
87%
Germany
2,035
81,174,000
88%
Austria
2,000
8,584,926
83%
France
2,162
66,132,169
84%
Hungary
2,056
9,849,000
76%
Italy
2,195
60,795,612
62%
Czech Republic
2,014
10,538,275
80%
Spain
2,104
46,439,864
77%
Poland
2,000
38,005,614
68%
Portugal
2,018
10,374,822
68%
Greece
2,036
10,812,467
63%
Ireland
2,003
4,625,885
83%
Turkey
2,157
77,695,904
60%
Norway
2,019
5,165,802
96%
South Korea
2,147
49,115,196
92%
Sweden
2,030
9,747,355
95%
Japan
2,011
126,919,659
91%
Finland
2,041
5,471,753
94%
Australia
2,021
22,751,014
93%
Denmark
2,020
5,659,715
96%
Canada
2,011
35,675,834
95%
Belgium
2,018
11,258,434
85%
Brazil
2,001
204,259,812
58%
Please note that in both Brazil and Turkey our samples are representative of urban rather than national populations and as such the internet penetration is likely to be higher
than stated above, which must be taken into consideration when interpreting results. Source: Internet World Stats www.internetworldstats.com internet population estimate 2015
AUTHORSHIP
AND RESEARCH
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Dr David A. L. Levy is Director of the Reuters
Institute for the Study of Journalism and an
expert in media policy and regulation. He
previously worked at the BBC both as a news
and current affairs producer, reporter, and
editor, and later as Controller Public Policy. He is the author of
Europes Digital Revolution: Broadcasting Regulation, the EU
and the Nation State (Routledge, 1999/2001), and joint author
or editor of several RISJ publications.
Nic Newman is a journalist and digital strategist
who played a key role in shaping the BBCs
internet services over more than a decade.
He was a founding member of the BBC News
Website, leading international coverage as World
Editor (19972001). As Head of Product Development he led
digital teams, developing websites, mobile, and interactive
TV applications for all BBC Journalism sites. Nic is currently
a Research Associate at the Reuters Institute for the Study of
Journalism. He is also a consultant on digital media, working
actively with news companies on product, audience, and
business strategies for digital transition.
Dr Richard Fletcher is a Research Fellow at the
Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.
He is primarily interested in global trends in
digital news consumption. In 2015 he authored
a supplementary Digital News Report (published
by RISJ) on digital news consumption in Poland, Austria, Czech
Republic, Netherlands, Portugal, and Turkey. Richards original
undergraduate and employment background was in computer
science. Since then he has completed an MSc in Science,
Medicine, Technology and Society from Imperial College
London and a PhD in Sociology from the University of Surrey.
Reuters Institute Fellowships offer an opportunity to mid-career journalists to spend time researching an aspect of journalism for one or more terms at the Institute
in Oxford.
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
OVERVIEW AND
KEY FINDINGS
Nic Newman
Research Associate, Reuters Institute
Across our entire sample, half (51%) say they use social
media as a source of news each week. Around one in ten
(12%) say it is their main source. Facebook is by far the
most important network for finding, reading/watching,
and sharing news.
Social media are significantly more important for women
(who are also less likely to go directly to a news website or
app) and for the young. More than a quarter of 1824s say
social media (28%) are their main source of news more
than television (24%) for the first time.
The growth of news accessed and increasingly consumed
via social networks, portals and mobile apps means that the
originating news brand gets clearly noticed less than half the
time in the UK, and Canada. In countries like Japan and South
Korea, where aggregated and distributed news is already
more widespread, the brand only gets noticed around a
quarter of the time when accessed through news portals.
Television news still remains most important for older groups
but overall usage has continued to decline, particularly for
appointment to view bulletins and amongst younger groups.
In terms of devices, smartphone usage for news is sharply
up, reaching half of our global sample (53%), while computer
use is falling and tablet growth is flattening out.
8
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
TV
100%
100%
75%
75%
But the biggest change in digital media has been the growth
of news accessed via social media sites like Facebook, Twitter,
Instagram, and Snapchat. In the United States, to take one
example, the percentage of people saying they use social
media as a source of news has risen to 46% of our sample
almost doubling since 2013.
We see the same trends elsewhere; our weighted EU average
also shows 46% using social media for news even if some
countries like the UK (35%) and Germany (31%) have moved
less far in this direction. High adoption in countries like Greece,
Brazil and Turkey means that usage across all 26 countries
averages 51%.
Social
50%
50%
46% use
social media
for news.
25%
slide
4
0%
0%
2012
2013
2012
2013
2014
2015
2014
2016
2015
2016
But this is not just about access to news via social media,
our data suggest that an increasing proportion are coming
to depend on it for direct consumption. News has become a
more important part of the Facebook mix over the last year.
Algorithms have prioritised breaking news, news-related
videos, live streams, and other visual content, while publishers
have been stepping up their efforts to publish native formats.
Since mid-2015 they have been able to publish full instant
articles within Facebooks walled garden itself.3 Our focus
group research for this years Digital News Report shows that,
as news now comes to people through social media feeds,
there can be less need to go directly to a news website:
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of
news? Base: Total sample 2012-2016. Note: 2014 data has been estimated because
of an issue with randomisation of news sources in the questionnaire
74%
POR
66%
POL
58%
TUR
73%
HUN
64%
SWE
56%
BRA
72%
SPA
60%
DEN
56%
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news?
Base: Total sample in each country
Average figures are weighted by population of the 17 EU countries we surveyed. Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the UK. This accounts for 91% of the total EU population.
Facebook launched Instant Articles in May 2015 with a limited set of content. The format has now been opened to all publishers.
TV
Online Online
Printed Printed
Newspaper
Newspaper
Social
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
20%
15%
10%
20%
5%
5 5
15%6
5
8
6
10
10
13
12
11
14
13
11
FIN
10%
GER
JPN
5%
UK
NLD
CZE
FRA
8
6
ITA
DEN
18
SPA
10
8
6
POL11
10
FIN
GER
JPN
UK
NLD
CZE
FRA
13
12
USA
IRE11
TUR
15
14
13
POR 11
12
18
16
12
12
BRA
10
AUT
ITA
slide 7
3
0%
2015
12
AUT
12
2016
10
3
0%
13
11
DEN
SPA
POL
USA
IRE
POR
AUS
BRA
Q4. You say youve used these sources of news in the last week, which would you say is your MAIN source of news. Base: All in 2015/2016 who used a source of news in the
last week: (between around 1500 and 2000 in each country)
Male
40%
42
30%
34
20%
slide 8
10%
0%
FEMALE
16%
11%
10%
Search
40%
38%
Aggregator
13%
10%
Mobile alert
29
MALE
17%
38
Female
Direct to
Came across news
website or app
via social media
Q10. Thinking about how you got news online (via computer, mobile or any device)
in the last week, which were the ways in which you came across news stories? Base:
Total sample/Male/Female: All countries = 53330/26098/27232
60%
64
57
40%
OLDER
80%
80%
55+
45-54
64
60%
57
47
40%
36
25
20%
53
20%
0%
Online
(incl. social 0%
media)
17
12
25
8
Social Media
Online
(incl. social media)
24
28
5
176
12
Radio 8
Social Media
46
37
36
28
53
46
47
6Print7
Radio
37
29
24
12
6 TV6
7
Print
35-44
25-34
18-24
29
12
TV
Q4. You say youve used these sources of news in the last week, which would you say is your MAIN source of news? Base: All 18-24s/25-34s/35-44s/45-54s/55+ who have
used a news source in the last week: All countries = 5598/9187/9686/9383/18371
10
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
67
27
Facebook
19
18
19
27
3
11
5
8
19
10
KOREA
18
24%
Kakao Talk
22%
11
5
YouTube
16%
14
LinkedIn
Google+
9
1
Kakao Story
7
1
Snapchat
3
1
57
14
Google+
44
YouTube
10
Line
57
19
11
TOP SOCIAL
NETWORKS (ALL COUNTRIES)
67
FOR 44
NEWS AND ANY PURPOSE
JAPAN
Viber
40%
Tumblr
9%
YouTube
26%
16%
80%
4
1
Twitter
3
REUTERS INSTITUTE
FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM
Reddit
1
Line
3
Line
1
slide 10
0%
40%
16%
13%
80%
Q12a/b. Which, if any, of the following have you used for any purpose/for reading,
watching, sharing, or discussing news in the last week? Base: Total sample in
each country
1824
UK
2%
0%
12%
1%
SHARING OF NEWS
Social networks are not just important for discovery, they also
encourage discussing and sharing the news. Around a quarter
of internet news users (24%) share news via social media during
the average week; these are people who tend to be passionate
about subjects like politics, business, technology, or the
environment. The super sharers tend to be heavy news users,
often using multiple devices and a significant proportion use
the smartphone as a main device.
Cosmopolitan generates
3m views each day
Q10c. When using the internet for news, have you used any of the following sites or
mobile apps that aggregate different news links in the last week? Base: Total sample
in each country
Buzzfeed figures via Jonah Peretti recode interview, Cosmopolitan via Digiday:
http://recode.net/2015/09/16/this-week-on-recode-decode-ceo-jonah-perettiexplains-how-buzzfeed-won-the-internet/
Use for
Use for
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
slide 11
slide 12
60
Simple way to
access variety of
news sources
57
21
Easy to comment
and share news
35
12
23
26
Apple News
4%
3%
4%
Smart News
1%
Smartnews
2%
Apple News
4%
4%
Smart News
1%
30%
60%
35
me aearlier
sense that you
Q10bi/ci. Gives
You said
12 use social media/news aggregators as a source of
of are
whatsome
news my
news. What
of the reasons23
for this? Base: All that used social media/news
friends care about
aggregators in the last week: US + UK + Germany = 2334/1011
Learns about
preferences so
brings relevant news
USA
50
21
Easy to comment
and share news
Social
Networks
57
16
0%
3%
News
Aggregators
56
60
Learns about
Simple way
preferences
so to
access variety of
brings relevant
newsnews
sources
Apple News
Social
Networks
50
Breaking news
AUSTRALIA
News
Aggregators
56
Alerts and
Breaking news
Gives me a sense
of what news my
friends care Alerts
aboutand
26
16
0%
30%
60%
12
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
13
One way to interpret this is that, in the end, people think they
are the best judge of what they want. Professionals are the next
best, and inexpert friends come last. In our focus group work,
it was clear that many active internet users now see themselves
as editors balancing and comparing multiple sources, multiple
editorial judgements, and even multiple algorithms.
ALGORITHMS VS EDITORS
slide 14
slide 13
I might miss
key information
60
Automatically
based on what Ive
read before
Judgement
of editors
or journalists
USA
42
EU Weighted Average
67
53
68
38
46
65
60
56
USA
49
46
44
61
45
59
0%
viewpoints
UK
49
42
My privacy
is affected
Norway
54
45
Automatically based
on what my friends
I might miss
have consumed challenging
Korea
59
I might miss
key information
22%
Japan
61
I might miss
challenging
viewpoints
30%
UK
45
36%
Norway
56
EU Weighted Average
67
Japan
Korea
35%
53
70%
46
38
0%
35%
70%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
For more see essay 4.3: Rasmus Kleis Nielsen, People Want
Personalised Recommendations (Even as they Worry about
the Consequences), p. 112.
slide 15
MEDIA BRANDS
FOR
These data suggest that, if the rest of the world becomes more
like Japan and Korea with aggregated news playing a bigger
role, news brands may increasingly struggle to gain recognition
and much of the credit may be inherited by the platform.
49
Social media
55
48%50 52
46
36%
38
36
52
49
40
46
50
37
35
26
24%
Aggregators
38
24
36
40
37
35
23
26
24
DEN
0%
UK
GER
CAN
USA
JPN
DEN
Finland
Aggregators
60%
Australia
36%
Ireland
33%
KOR
UK
Social media
23
12%
USA
ALSO...
CAN
JPN
KOR
Q10b/cii_2016. Thinking about when you have used social media/aggregators for news, typically how often do you notice the news brand that has supplied the content?
Note: Notice = % who always or mostly notice the brand. Base: All who used social media/aggregators as a source of news in the last week: Germany = 616/292, Denmark =
1126/150, US = 1018/478, Canada = 947/741, Japan = 552/936, UK = 693/241, Korea = 700/828
14
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
DEVICES
FOR NEWS AND THE RISE OF MOBILE
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM
slide 16
60%
50%
40%
30%
ALSO...
Sweden
69%
USA
Korea
66%
UK
Norway
64%
Switzerland
61%
Denmark
60%
Ireland
59%
Finland
59%
Spain
58%
USA
50%
UK
40%
Germany
30%
France
20%
France
Japan
Germany
Japan
20% 10%
10% 0%
0%
2013
2013
2014
2015
2014
2016
2015
15
Across our entire sample over half (53%) now say they use a
smartphone to access news, with some of the highest levels
in three of our new countries, Sweden (69%), Korea (66%), and
Switzerland (61%). In all these cases usage is now higher than
from computers or laptops. Investment in infrastructure and
low data charges have helped some countries get ahead for
example in the Nordic region while others like Belgium (39%),
Canada (39%), Germany (40%), and the Czech Republic (40%)
are lagging some way behind.
2016
Q8b. Which, if any, of the following devices have you used to access news in the last week? Base: Total 2013-2016 sample in each country
Taking the17
UK as an example, we can see how usage has
slide
changed over the last five years. In terms of main device, the
mobile/tablet now outstrips the computer. We have reached the
mobile tipping point with a publisher like the BBC reporting that
around 70% of traffic now comes from mobile devices.
100%
100%
Tablet
80%
Computer
Tablet
Smartphone
Smartphone
80%
Computer
Mobile
Mobile
Computer
60%
60%
40%
40%
20%
20%
0%
Compu
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
0%
2013
2014
2015
2016
Q8b. Which, if any, of the following devices have you used to access news in the last week? Base: Total 2012-2016 sample. QUK8b6_5. Youve said you use the following
devices to access news in the last week, which is your MAIN way of accessing online news? Base: All in 2013-2016 who used a digital device to access news in the last week:
UK = 1638/1598/1795/1691 Note: Mobile refers to combined figures for tablet and smartphone
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
80%
60%
40%
55+
55+55+
45-54
45-54
45-54
60%
60%
60%
5757 57
51 51 51
545454
51 51 51
454545
40%
40%
40%
54
51
20%
20%
20%
45
2727 27
252525
12 12 12
20%
0%0%0%
Smartphone
10
16
REUTERS INSTITUTE
FOR THE25-34
STUDY
OF JOURNALISM
25-34
25-34
45-54
QUK8b6_5. Youve said you use the following
devices to access news in the last week, which is
18-24
18-24
18-24
35-44
your MAIN way of accessing online news? Base:
All 18-24s/25-34s/35-44s/45-54s/55+ who used a
25-34
digital device to access news in the last week: UK =
196/176/254/335/730
18-24
Computer
Computer
Computer
slide 19
36
18
Tablet
Computer
35-44
35-44
35-44
36
353636
333335
3335
57
51
27
Tablet
Tablet
Tablet
25Smartphone
Smartphone
Smartphone
12
0%
1618 18
16 16 18
10 10 10
9 9 9
33 35
55+
TWO DEVICES
51%
63%
THREE DEVICES
71%
slide 20
Q1b_rc. Typically, how often do you access news? Q8b. Which of any, of the following
devices have you used to access news in the last week? Base: Total sample
LESS
Smartphone
MORE
60%
Tablet
Computer
40%
48
49
41
20%
0%
22
Branded entry
21
28
Social entry
Q10a/b/c. Thinking about how you get online news using your computer/
smartphone/tablet, which is the MAIN way in which you come across news stories?
Base: All using multiple online sources for news and use a computer/smartphone/
tablet for news: All countries = 16423/14242/6438
Jonah Peretti interview with the Financial Times, Mar. 2016: http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/4f661ea8-e782-11e5-a09b-1f8b0d268c39.html#ixzz43Xmxszfc
16
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
17
This year our data shows that app users are much more
interested in news than the average web user. They are also
better educated and more likely to have paid for online news,
perhaps not surprising given that many apps are only usable in
conjunction with a subscription. Effectively these are the heavy
users and core loyalists that all news organisations new and
old need to engage with in order to help fund their journalism
while reaching out to less committed users via social media.
slide 21
Japan
30%
25%
20%
20%
15%
15%
10%
Spain
Germany
UK
USA
10%
5%
0%
Japan
Spain
25%
5%
2014
0%
2015
2014
2016
2015
Germany
More interested in news
UK
Have higher levels of income
More likely to be male
USA
A bit older
50% more likely to pay
for online news
2016
slide 22
We used to be standing
on a hill and shouting
messages at people.
Now, theres a growing
number of users who only
engage with us when we
send a push.
Andrew Phelps, Product Director
of Messaging and Push,
New York Times
2016
25%
2015
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
25%
2014
20%
15% 13
12
10%
14 14
13
12 10 9
5%
0%
UK 3
USA
USA
10
4
14 14 11
8
96
4
Germany
UK
10
France
Germany
85
5
Spain
France
9
7 10
11
Austria
Spain
Italy
Austria
4
Italy
Q10. Thinking about how you got news online (via computer, mobile or any device) in the last week, which were
the ways in which you came across news stories? Base: Total 2014-2016 sample in each country
2016
2015
2014
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
32
14
14
4
13
12
0%
10%
20%
30%
Q8bii. Youve said you used a **smart watch or wristband** for news in the last week. Which ONE of the following
do you find MOST useful? Base: All who used a smartwatch in the last week: All countries = 288
slide 24
UK
36
France
Ireland
12
24
USA
39
Ireland
Finland
20
Japan
14
6
0%
France
Italy
UK
30
15
28
24
16
14
20
20
14
Italy
40%
32
12
1636 6
14
6
0%
15
43 13
60%
18
9
14
21 2 3
16
20
14
20
14
13 1 4
40%
80%
60%
100%
28%16
Radio
TV
38%
14 28%
16
TV
12 3
20
51
31%17 3Radio
6
40%
15
15 343 4
16
20%
28
15
51
39%
327
12 3
30
39
Japan
20%
17 3
Finland
13
18
35%
80%
Computer
21 2 3
5
5
Smartphone
13 1 4
Tablet
15 3
Computer
Smartphone
Tablet
Q9c_new2016 What is the FIRST way you typically come across news in the morning? Base: Total sample in each country. Note: Due to rounding, total figures for each country
do not always add up to exactly 100%, and combined figures for online access methods do not always add up to the total internet figure
For those who start their day with a smartphone, almost half
in the US turn first to a social network like Facebook (37%) or
Twitter (6%) with only a quarter (23%) going to a branded news
18
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
19
2%
Other/Don't know
22%
10%48%33%
33%
1%
7%
8%
1%
Other/Don't know
Social
Social
Email37%
Audio/video
48%
3%
23%
2%
Audio/video
6%
Homescreen links
3%
Other/Don't know
48%
Homescreen links
15%48%
Other/Don't know
Social
23%
Email
Social
Other/Don't know
Audio/video
Audio/video
Homescreen links
Homescreen links
15%
Social
Email
3%
23%
1%
7%
6%
6%
Aggregator
Aggregator
Aggregator
8%Aggregator
Audio/video
48%
1%
48%
33%
News website or app News website or app
News
or app News website or app
Homescreen
links
1%website
4% 1% INSTITUTE FOR THE
4%STUDY
REUTERS
OF JOURNALISM
1%
7%
8%
1%
slide 26
17% use to access first thing
15%
6%
Aggregator
News website or app
4% 1%
Q9d_2016. You mentioned that your FIRST contact with news in the morning is using smartphone, in which ONE of the following places do you
typically find your first news? Base: All who use a smartphone for news first thing in the morning: UK = 302, US = 334
slide 27
80%
60%
40%
2014
2016
59
59
40
43
20%
80%
0%
60%
40%
2014
2016
List59
of headlines
(eg homepage)
40
News articles
59
43
Q11.
20% Thinking of the way you looked at news online (via any device) in the last
week, which of the following ways of consuming news did you use? Base: Total
2014/2016 sample
0%
List of headlines
(eg homepage)
News articles
41
Picture gallery
Live page
15
14
News blog
14
13
0%
News graphic
News articles
30%
60%
Q11. Thinking of the way you looked at news online (via any device) in the last week,
which of the following ways of consuming news did you use? Base: Total sample
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
BRA
26% in 2015
CZE
21% in 2015
35%
30%
33
32
30
30
29
25%
28
28
27
27
26
FRA
19% in 2015
NLD
15% in 2015
25
24
20%
23
23
23
22
22
22
21
21
21
17
15%
17
17
16
slide 29
10%
15
5%
0%
IRE
ITA
NOR SWE
UK
FRA BEL
SUI
FIN
Q11. Thinking of the way you looked at news online in the last week which of the following ways of consuming news did you use? Base: Total sample in each country
Across our entire sample, the vast majority (78%) say they
only read news in text or occasionally watch news video that
looks interesting. Just one in twenty (5%) say they mostly watch
rather than read news online. When pressed, the main reason
people give for not using more video is that they find text
quicker and more convenient (41%). Around a fifth (19%) say
that videos often dont add anything to what is already in the
text story.
We also find a significant proportion (35%) that say they are
put off by pre-roll advertisements and this figure has increased
in a number of countries this year including the United States,
France, Finland and the UK.
41
35
20
19
19
9
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
Q11ai. You said that you dont usually watch news videos online. Why not? Base: All
who did not watch an online news video in the last week: All countries = 40582
20
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
21
slide 31
way. We also find the under-35s are often much more likely
to consume news video through social networks than
the population as a whole (see charts below). Even in countries
that tend to be less active in social media like Japan, Finland,
and Germany, the amount of offsite video consumption is
significant. Video formats are now at the heart of the
distributed content revolution.
60%
ON-SITE
VS SOCIAL VIDEO CONSUMPTION (ALL AGES) SELECTED COUNTRIES
60%
45%
42
39
36
35
45%
30%
35
33
29
REUTERS INSTITUTE42
FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM
39
22
36
3519
35
18
15%
30%
15
15%
0%
JPN
FIN 18
GER 19
JPN
FIN
GER
15
38
37
31
45
26
slide 32
0%
36
33
29
36
38
FRA
UK
Mostly watch on
news site
52
33 48
news site
37
33
31
26
22
UK
52
48
45
USA
SPA
FRA
USA
ITA
SPA
GRE
ITA
BRA
GRE
BRA
Q11E. Which of the following statements best matches your consumption of online news video? Base: Total sample in each country
60%
ON-SITE
VS SOCIAL VIDEO CONSUMPTION (U35s) SELECTED COUNTRIES
60%
45%
42
39
15%
30%
0%
15%
36
35
45%
30%
35
29
29
15
35 18
29
29
23
22
JPN
22 38
34 19
FIN
GER
UK
33
36
38
46
31
50
52
48
45
37 51
33
26
40
Mostly watch on
Mostly watch via social network
news site
59
58
slide 33
USA
SPA
ITA
GRE
27
BRA
0%
JPN
FIN
GER
UK
FRA
USA
ITA
SPA
GRE
BRA
Q11E. Which of the following statements best matches your consumption of online news video? Base: Under 35s (around 400 in each country)
36
30%
20%
24
27
31
10%
0%
All
Facebook
users
YouTube
users
Active social
users
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
slide 34
U35 AD-BLOCKING
36
31
30
30
28
20%
27
26
26
25
25
24
24
24
23
23
23
22
21
21
21
20
Poland
56%
Greece
51%
Germany
39%
20
20
10%
12
10
0%
POL
GRE
TUR
FRA
IRE
SPA
SWE POR
AUT
FIN
USA
AUS NOR
BEL
CAN
UK
BRA
CZE
SUI
ITA
NLD
KOR
JPN
QAD3. And do you currently use software on any of your personal devices (e.g. laptop, smartphone etc.) that allows you to block adverts on the internet (e.g. Adblock Plus)?
Base: Total sample in each country
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/jan/25/guardian-news-media-to-cut-running-costs
10
11
12
22
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
23
60
53
50%
37
40%
34
30%
60
18-24
5353
53
48
40
29 34
33
20 25
19
20%
25-34
46 48
44
33
28
29 24
201619
0%
44
20
Spain
Poland
24
24
17 18 18
Germany
UK
Spain
20
20
16
35-44
45-54
29
28
10%
Poland
46
40
37
25
29
24
17
17 18 1813 11 12 10
USA
Germany
55+
20
17
13
12
11
Japan
UK
USA
10
Japan
slide 36
UK
GER
FRA
SPA
POL
CAN
POR
NLD
CZE
68%
74%
64%
65%
50%
65%
60%
58%
48%
75%
55%
56%
57%
51%
52%
43%
52%
56%
64%
41%
50%
42%
38%
39%
40%
40%
48%
41%
37%
39%
10%
9%
14%
9%
17%
15%
15%
13%
11%
13%
13%
11%
13%
12%
14%
13%
19%
12%
12%
10%
QAD3ai. Which of the following reasons caused you to install an adblocker? Base: All who currently use an adblocker: US = 596, UK = 560, Germany = 649, France = 746,
Spain = 736, Poland = 857, Canada = 538, Portugal = 597, Netherlands = 527, Czech Republic = 538
13
Outbrain and Taboola are widely used content discovery platforms that help content producers and brands find audiences through modules that offer sponsored
website links.
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
48
USA
41
Italy
39
UK
36
Germany
30
Korea
21
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
QSPONS1_2016: Thinking about sponsored or branded content in online news sites, to what extent to you agree with the following statements:
The labelling of sponsored and branded content on news websites is simple and clear. Base: Total sample in each country
slide 38
50
50%
46
40%
50
47
46
46
40%
47
41
36
30%
20%
46
40 41
37
40
36
30
30%
33
37
33
29
30
33
33
29
20%
10%
10%
0%
Canada
0%
USA
Canada
Italy
USA
UK
Italy
Korea
Germany
UK
Korea
Germany
24
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
25
% THAT HAVE PAID (ANYTHING) FOR ONLINE NEWS IN THE LAST YEAR
30%
25%
POL
17% in 2015
ITA
12% in 2015
27
20%
JPN
10% in 2015
20
NLD
10% in 2015
IRE
7% in 2015
20
15%
16
15
POR
7% in 2015
AUT
5% in 2015
15
12
10%
12
12
11
10
10
10
USA
IRE
5%
0%
ITA
DEN
FIN
JPN
NLD
BEL
FRA
SUI
AUS
SPA
UK
Q7a. Have you paid for ONLINE news content, or accessed a paid-for ONLINE news service in the last year? (This could be digital subscription, combined digital/print
subscription or one-off payment for an article or app or e-edition). Base: Total sample in each country
slide
40
Some counties like Italy show high headline percentages, but
% THAT AGREE YOU CAN TRUST MOST NEWS MOST OF THE TIME
80%
60%
65
60
58
55
55
54
52
51
50
50
50
40%
47
46
46
43
43
43
20%
42
40
40
34
33
32
31
22
20
0%
FIN POR BRA CAN POL NLD GER BEL
UK
IRE
SUI
Q6_2016_1. Thinking about news in general, do you agree or disagree with the following statements?: I think you can trust most news most of the time. Base: Total sample in
each country
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
Our data also show that news brands rather than journalists are
the main way in which trust is delivered. Although online news
has provided more opportunities for journalists to build their
own profiles, interact with readers, and in some cases start their
own businesses, established news brands continue to resonate
most with readers everywhere with the exception of France.
Journalists carry a particularly low reputation in many countries
such as the UK where there is a strong and vigorous tabloid
press. Although headline trust levels are quite low, a wide range
of research including our own in 2015 has shown that trust is
much higher in sources that people actually use.
slide 41
Also see section 3.6: Trust in the News in More Depth, p. 94.
% THAT AGREE YOU CAN TRUST NEWS ORGANISATIONS/JOURNALISTS MOST OF THE TIME
70%
60%
62
50%
56
51
56
54
49
53
47
40%
52
47
50
48
47
47
40
47
37
30%
46
42
43
43
35
33
42
33
32
20%
10%
0%
FIN
NLD
BRA
POR
CAN
BEL
GER
IRE
DEN
POL
SPA
ITA
AUT
70%
60%
50%
40%
42
30%
42
32
39
39
32
29
35
37
34
36
33
25
20%
30
29
27
21
28
29
28
20
20
10%
0%
51
56
49
NOR
UK
AUS
SUI
TUR
NLD
42
32
47
BRA
39
29
JPN
USA
CZE
FRA
HUN
Q6_2016_2/3. Thinking about news in general, do you agree or disagree with the following statements?: I think you can trust most journalists
56
53 think you
most of54
the time/I
52 can trust most news organisations most of the time. Base: Total sample in each country
47
50
48
47
47
40
FIN
SWE
POR
39
32
35
CAN
37
34
BEL
36
GER
33
25
37
IRE
30
21
47
27
46
42
43
35
33
DEN
29
POL
28
20
43
29
SPA
28
20
42
33
ITA
32
AUT
17
17
KOR
16
11
GRE
News organisations
Journalists
26
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
REUTERS
INSTITUTE
THE STUDY
OF JOURNALISM
So do
theseFOR
news
brands
still matter
slide
Yeah.43
M
then?
27
NEWSPAPER
BRAND
BROADCASTER
BRAND
DIGITAL
BORN*
69%
62%
45%
Q5B. Which, if any, of the following have you used to access news in the last week?
Base: Total sample
*Digital born brands like Buzzfeed and Huffington Post that produce their own content
F Yeah.
% OF TOTAL SAMPLE USING SPECIFIC BRANDS AS THEIR MAIN SOURCE OF ONLINE NEWS
(SELECTED COUNTRIES)
UK
BBC
JAP
36%
Yahoo News
ITA
49%
NOR
USA
La Repubblica
11%
VG Nett
25%
Yahoo News
12%
10%
NRK
15%
Fox News
10%
MailOnline
7%
NHK
5%
TGCOM
Sky News
5%
Nikkei
4%
La Stampa
6%
Aftenposten
7%
CNN
6%
Q5e. Overall, which is your MAIN source of news when accessing using **online platforms**? Base: Total sample in each country. Note: Those who did not use an online news
source in the last week are recorded as having no main online news source.
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
slide 44
% OF THOSE USING SELECTED ONLINE BRANDS WHO SAY IT IS THEIR MAIN SOURCE
13%
13%
13%
13%
13%13%
13%
30%
30%
30%
30%
39%
70%
70%
70%
70%
13%
13%
30%
61%
87%87%
87%
87%
87%
87%
87%
87%
70%
Harder news
13%
13%
13%
13%
87%
13%
87%
87%
87%
87%
Main
Main
Main
source
source
Main
source
source
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
source
source
source
source
Main
source
Secondary source
87%
Softer news
Q5b. Which, if any, of the following have you used to access news in the last week? Q5e. Overall, which is your MAIN source of news when accessing using **online platforms**?
Base:
COUNTRY-BASED DIFFERENCES IN
DIGITAL ADOPTION
As in previous years, we find significant differences across
our 26 countries both in terms of the type of news brands
that people prefer and the way they access them. Germany
and France exhibit the most traditional behaviours with strong
continuing preference for TV, radio, and print. By contrast,
Korea, Norway, and Sweden have a strongly digital outlook,
but traditional media remain both well used and valued.
Greece is in a sense the most digital, but low internet
penetration here may be partly responsible for this result as
online polls will tend to underplay the strength of TV, radio,
and print. Even so, many Greeks have lost trust in traditional
media and have been putting their faith in online sites, blogs,
and social media instead.
This years survey also covers more small countries and three
multilingual countries where consumption and media habits are
strongly influenced by larger neighbours. Canadian and Irish
media companies looking to charge for general news have to
cope with strong competition from the US and UK respectively,
while German media have also been looking for new markets in
Austria and Switzerland. The media systems in both Switzerland
and Belgium are particularly complex, subdivided by language
with strong cross-border influences.
These differences act as a counter to theories of technological
determinism. Culture, habit, geography, regulation, history,
company strategies all play their part in how fast or slow digital
technologies and business models are adopted in any
particular country.
For more see section 3.1: Sources of News, p. 86, and
section 3.2: Segmentation across and within Countries, p. 87.
28
OVERVIEW AND KEY FINDINGS
29
100%
GER
90%
FRA
80%
UK
90%
80%
USA
70%
GER
FRA
UK
USA
GER
FRA
UK
USA
70%
2013
70%
81%
63%
55%
60%
2016
64%
61%
42%
44%
-6
-20
-21
-11
60%
50%
50%
2013
2013
2014
2014
2015
Difference
2016
2015
2016
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? Base: Total sample 2013-2016 sample in each country. Note: 2014 data has been
estimated because of an issue with randomisation of news sources in the questionnaire
CONCLUSIONS
There are two contradictory but important messages in this
years data. On the one hand we see publishers losing control
of distribution, some consumers not noticing where content
comes from, and the growing influence of platforms and
algorithms. And yet at the same time we find, both in our
survey data and our qualitative work, that people still want,
value, and identify with traditional news brands.
So how to explain these contradictions? Much probably relates
to individual context, to the type of news, or to our oftencomplex relationship with a particular brand. More of us are
accessing news across multiple platforms, through aggregators
and social networks, but finding the signal from the noise can
be time-consuming and confusing. News brands can help
consumers navigate this landscape but to succeed they will
need to (a) deliver consistently with a strong audience focus,
(b) have a clear identity that matches the content proposition,
and (c) excel at distribution in a fast-changing environment.
Guardian, BBC considers replacing news channel with mobile streaming: http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/aug/26/bbc-considers-replacing-news-24-withmobile-streaming-service
14
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
30
31
ANALYSIS BY
COUNTRY
In this section we publish a country-based view of the findings, which
includes a brief overview of media characteristics and the most important
data points in terms of digital news.
2.4 France 38
32
2.2 UK 34
2.3 Germany 36
2.5 Italy 40
2.6 Spain 42
2.7 Portugal 44
2.8 Ireland 46
2.9 Norway 48
2.10 Sweden 50
2.11 Finland 52
2.12 Denmark 54
2.13 Belgium 56
2.14 Netherlands 58
2.15 Switzerland 60
2.16 Austria 62
2.17 Hungary 64
2.18 Czech Republic
66
2.19 Poland 68
2.20 Greece 70
2.21 Turkey 72
2.22 South Korea
74
2.23 Japan 76
2.24 Australia 78
2.25 Canada 80
2.26 Brazil 82
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
UNITED STATES
Pop
Internet penetration
321m
87%
FT, Buzzfeed slashes forecasts after missing revenue targets (16 Apr.).
15
16
STATISTICS
http://www.adweek.com/news/television/mashable-staffers-laid-site-pushes-further-video-170669
32
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
25
22
ABC News
24
CNN online
21
24
21
CBS News
24
20
18
Weekly use
online brands
10
NBC/MSNBC News
PBS News
13
12
12
USA Today
12
11
10
Washington Post
6
5
100%
100%
50%
0%
2015
2016
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
62
Online
Computer
Social
Print
TV
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
Journalists
24%
use ad blockers.
(=12th/26 countries)
35% under 35.
News
organisations
30%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
21%
18%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
45%
51%
YouTube
19%
24%
10%
15%
4%
8%
3%
3%
33%
27%
2016
News
22nd/26
Mostly ongoing
payments
AD BLOCKERS
Social
2013
TRUST
pay for
online news
(=16th/26 countries)
Smartphone
0%
2014
9%
TV
Tablet
50%
2013
PAY
16
14
NPR News
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20132016
17
16
BBC News
City paper
Main source
TV, radio & print
MSN News
BuzzFeed News
24
CNN
% Weekly usage
Main source
online brands
25
Huffington Post
NBC/MSNBC News
TOP BRANDS
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
28
Yahoo News
31
Fox News
33
ONLINE
33
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
UNITED KINGDOM
The media environment is characterised by a strong
public broadcaster (the BBC) and by a vigorous
and highly competitive national press including a
strong tabloid sector.
Over the last year the newspaper sector
has been hit hard by a sharp fall in print
advertising, by the growth of ad-blockers,
and by problems of monetising content
on mobile devices.
The Guardian, which recently expanded
operations to the US and Australia,
increased operating losses to almost
50m in the year to March and has
announced plans to cut 20% of its cost
base. The 30-year-old Independent
became the first UK national newspaper
to stop the presses and go online
only, with the loss of around 75 jobs.
Meanwhile, Mail Online, which claims
to be the worlds most visited Englishlanguage website, missed revenue
targets by 7m and remains loss-making.17
Trinity Mirror closed digital spin-offs
and consolidated its position in regional
news by acquiring rival publisher
Local World. Johnston Press, owner of
The Scotsman along with more than
200 regional titles, bought the profitable
i newspaper from the Independent
for 24m but suffered sharp falls in
print circulation and advertising in its
core business and is reported to be
considering selling newspapers to pay
off heavy debts. It has laid off hundreds
of journalists since 2009.18
By contrast, the fortunes of some
news organisations that have been
relying on paid content are looking up.
A new access model based on paid
online trials helped the Financial Times
grow 8% to 780,000 paid subscribers,
of whom 566,000 subscribe to a digital
platform. In July 2015, the FT was sold to
Nikkei, Japans largest media company
for 844m.
STATISTICS
Pop
65m
Internet penetration
92%
http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/a5ded58e-bbab-11e5-b151-8e15c9a029fb.html#axzz3zUAMUtvM
17
18
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/mediatechnologyandtelecoms/media/12107727/Johnston-Press-seeks-to-offload-struggling-local-newspapers.html
19
http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ff5679dc-f0f8-11e5-9f20-c3a047354386.html#axzz46CK3VGEZ
20
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/feb/29/bbc-news-cuts-news-channel
34
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
Sky News
14
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
Weekly use
online brands
10
Huffington Post
14
10
14
10
10
10
11
10
11
10
11
10
Buzzfeed News
10
11
10
10
Channel 4 News
10
10
10
MSN News
10
10
Yahoo News
10
10
10
5 10
5 10
The Guardian/Observer
4 10
5 10
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20132016
Channel 5 News
4 10
3 10
50%
0%
2013
2014
2015
0%
2016
82
Online
Computer
Social
2013
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
Journalists
21%
use ad blockers.
(=19th/26 countries)
32% under 35.
News
organisations
42%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
34%
27%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
28%
41%
12%
20%
YouTube
7%
11%
3%
5%
2%
3%
50%
29%
2016
News
=9th/26
Mostly ongoing
payments
AD BLOCKERS
Social
TV
Average
yearly
payment
Smartphone
50%
TRUST
pay for
online news
(=22nd/26 countries)
TV
Tablet
7%
4 10
2 10
100%
10
10
Metro
Main source
online brands
PAY
17
Mail Online
10
11
51
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
Main source
TV, radio & print
10
10
13
35
ONLINE
66
BBC News
ITV News
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
GERMANY
STATISTICS
Pop
81m
Internet penetration
88%
http://www.politico.eu/article/cologne-puts-germany-lying-media-press-on-defensive-migration-refugees-attacks-sex-assault-nye
21
22
http://www.bdzv.de/nachrichten-und-service/branchennachrichten/artikel/detail/paid_content_trend_ist_ungebrochen
http://www.axelspringer.de/en/presse/Axel-Springer-strengthens-position-as-leading-digital-publisher-in-the-2015-financial-year_26333671.html
23
36
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TOP BRANDS
32
24
Focus online
16
20
15
19
Bild online
15
17
14
Web.de
15
t-online news
14
10
Gmx.de
ProSieben Newstime
10
rtl.de
11
10
Weekly use
online brands
Sueddeutsche.de
10
Stern.de
Stern
ZEIT online
Sddeutsche Zeitung
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20132016
100%
100%
50%
2014
2015
2016
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
36
Half and half:
one-off and
ongoing payments
25%
use ad blockers.
(=10th/26 countries)
39% under 35.
Online
Computer
Social
Print
TV
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
Journalists
52%
40%
News
organisations
47%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
37%
32%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
27%
37%
YouTube
12%
15%
10%
13%
4%
5%
3%
2%
2016
News
7th/26
AD BLOCKERS
Social
2013
TRUST
Average
yearly
payment
Smartphone
0%
2013
pay for
online news
(=20th/26 countries)
TV
Tablet
50%
0%
8%
13
Focus
Der Spiegel
Main source
online brands
PAY
16
24
Sat.1 Nachrichten
Main source
TV, radio & print
17
16
n-tv
Regional TV news
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
n-tv online
ZDF News online
N24
Public radio news
% Weekly usage
17
N24 online
35
RTL aktuell
A regional or local newspaper
19
Spiegel online
46
37
ONLINE
54
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
FRANCE
STATISTICS
24
Pop
66m
Internet penetration
84%
http://digiday.com/publishers/mais-non-french-publishers-find-tougher-tactics-actually-work-ad-block-users
38
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TF1 news
35
% Weekly usage
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
15
Le Figaro online
15
FranceTVInfo
15
17
BFM TV online
17
Huffington Post
11
20 Minutes
14
LExpress online
14
Le Point online
11
Yahoo News
10
Weekly use
online brands
Main source
online brands
12
Le Monde
MSN News
LCI
Le Figaro
Le Nouvel Observateur
Direct Matin
Linternaute.com
Ouest France
Libration online
Metro
Mediapart
100%
100%
50%
0%
2013
2014
2015
0%
2016
TRUST
11%
pay for
online news
(12th/26 countries)
TV
Tablet
Print
Online (incl. social)
Online
Computer
Social
Print
TV
2013
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
Journalists
32%
29%
30%
use ad blockers.
(=4th/26 countries)
45% under 35.
AGREE
AGREE
25%
22%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
42%
51%
YouTube
21%
21%
8%
12%
Google+
6%
3%
3%
4%
28%
Undue
business influence
News
organisations
Undue
political influence
Mostly one-off
payments
AD BLOCKERS
2016
News
23rd/26
Average
yearly
payment
33
Social
Smartphone
50%
PAY
15
13
Main source
TV, radio & print
18
Canal+ news
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20132016
19
Le Monde online
19
I-Tl
TOP BRANDS
20 Minutes online
26
M6 news
39
ONLINE
44
BFM TV
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
ITALY
STATISTICS
25
26
AGCOM 2015.
27
AGCOM 2015.
28
Pop
61m
Internet penetration
62%
40
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
SkyTg24
36
36
Ansa online
32
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
Main source
TV, radio & print
TgCom24
30
Yahoo News
30
23
21
29
25
21
18
Notizie.Libero.it
17
La Stampa online
16
16
Porta a Porta
21
Quinta colonna
21
MSN News
16
La Stampa
21
15
Weekly use
online brands
Il Sole 24 Ore
18
Tg La7 online
13
18
Huffington Post
12
Piazza pulita
17
Il Giornale
11
17
11
Main source
online brands
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20132016
100%
0%
2014
2015
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
28
Online
Computer
Social
Print
TV
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
Journalists
20%
use ad blockers.
(=22nd/26 countries)
35% under 35.
News
organisations
43%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
23%
23%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
54%
62%
YouTube
23%
23%
20%
22%
10%
12%
5%
9%
42%
33%
2016
News
18th/26
Mostly one-off
payments
AD BLOCKERS
Social
2013
2016
pay for
online news
(6th/26 countries)
Smartphone
0%
2013
TRUST
16%
TV
Tablet
50%
50%
PAY
23
La Repubblica
Ballar
28
TgCom24 online
RaiNews24
33
La Repubblica online
53
Tg La7
41
ONLINE
64
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
SPAIN
STATISTICS
29
Pop
46m
Internet penetration
77%
http://www.aimc.es/-Datos-EGM-Resumen-General-.html
http://elpais.com/elpais/2016/03/04/inenglish/1457078700_070078.html
30
http://www.infolibre.es/noticias/medios/2016/02/25/mediaset_atresmedia_logran_multiplicar_sus_beneficios_este_ano_con_respecto_los_2014_45500_1027.html
31
42
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
Cuatro news
TOP BRANDS
20 Minutos online
35
El Confidencial
20
Marca online
18
17
El Mundo
21
El Diario
20
Yahoo News
17
19
MSN News
16
16
17
20 Minutos
Main source
TV, radio & print
14
16
Marca
14
ABC online
15
Weekly use
online brands
14
COPE news
RNE news
Main source
online brands
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20132016
12
Huffington Post
14
13
12
Pblico
13
ABC
11
El Peridico online
13
100%
100%
50%
0%
2013
2014
2015
0%
2016
TRUST
10%
pay for
online news
(=13th/26 countries)
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
40
TV
Tablet
Print
Online (incl. social)
Online
Computer
Social
Print
TV
2013
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
Journalists
28%
use ad blockers.
(6th/26 countries)
44% under 35.
News
organisations
43%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
23%
22%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
49%
59%
YouTube
19%
27%
26%
28%
19%
19%
Google+
6%
3%
47%
35%
2016
News
12th/26
Mostly one-off
payments
AD BLOCKERS
Social
Smartphone
50%
PAY
21
% Weekly usage
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
23
36
27
El Pas
28
El Mundo online
42
TVE news
Telecinco news
34
El Pas online
46
LaSexta news
43
ONLINE
55
Antena 3 news
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
PORTUGAL
STATISTICS
Pop
10m
Internet penetration
68%
44
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
25
Pblico
18
Expresso
17
Expresso online
14
Rdio Renascena
13
Observador online
18
A Bola
12
A Bola online
17
Euronews
11
MSN News
16
11
15
Record
10
15
O Jogo
Record online
14
TRUST
9%
Average
yearly
payment
21
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
23%
(+2)
82%
(-3)
Social media
66%
(+5)
32
Radio
37%
(-5)
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
News
2nd/26
60%
Journalists
47%
News
organisations
53%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
26%
24%
AD BLOCKER
26%
Smartphone
49%
use ad blockers.
(=8th/26 countries)
(+15)
24
19
Correio da Manh TV
(-6)
31
25
13
Main source
online brands
72%
31
Pblico online
Dirio de Notcias
Weekly use
online brands
Computer
34
Main source
TV, radio & print
PAY
34
Notcias ao Minuto
20
TSF
36
Sapo News
27
Correio da Manh
38
44
RTP/RDP News
46
62
Jornal de Notcias
47%
()
88%
(+2)
45
ONLINE
72
SIC News
TVI News
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
63%
65%
YouTube
17%
16%
Google+
7%
3%
6%
5%
5%
5%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
IRELAND
STATISTICS
Pop
Internet penetration
4.5m
83%
46
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
Sky News
% Weekly usage
24
29
24
BreakingNews.ie
BBC News online
Irish Times
21
Today FM news
20
Her.ie/joe.ie
20
15
Yahoo News
14
Newstalk
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
34
Journal.ie
Irish Times online
21
TOP BRANDS
36
25
TV3 News
42
30
BBC News
Irish Independent/Herald
16
Sunday Independent
22
19
16
Main source
TV, radio & print
14
Weekly use
online brands
13
MSN News
11
11
Mail Online
11
10
Huffington Post
11
Main source
online brands
10
Guardian online
10
TRUST
9%
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
28
Mostly one-off
payments
72%
(-2)
Tablet
23%
(+1)
73%
(-3)
Social media
52%
(+3)
Radio
48%
(-2)
(+1)
News
=9th/26
50%
Journalists
37%
News
organisations
47%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
33%
29%
30%
Smartphone
59%
use ad blockers.
(=4th/26 countries)
(+7)
47%
(-3)
84%
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
AD BLOCKER
13
CNN
PAY
47
ONLINE
59
RTE News
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
45%
56%
YouTube
17%
17%
13%
15%
7%
12%
4%
4%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
NORWAY
STATISTICS
Pop
http://www.aftenposten.no/kultur/Schibsted-topp-varsler-felles-kamp-mot-Facebook-og-Google-8368674.html
34
Ibid.
35
http://www.medienorge.uib.no/statistikk/medium/avis/368
36
96%
http://journalisten.no/2016/02/schibsted-varsler-fortsatte-kostnadskutt
33
Internet penetration
5m
48
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TOP BRANDS
Dagbladet online
53
45
44
Aftenposten
30
Aftenposten online
29
Nettavisen
26
P4 news
Radio Norge news
Local radio news
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
Main source
TV, radio & print
Local TV news
Bergens Tidende
Weekly use
online brands
Main source
online brands
17
25
18
13
13
ABCnyheter
13
Adresseavisen online
12
BBC News
Huffington Post
Adresseavisa
P4 news online
CNN
Mail Online
Dagsavisen
Dagsavisen online
TRUST
PAY
35
31
18
15
Dagens Nringsliv
46
53
% Weekly usage
64
VG Nett online
37
Dagbladet
27%
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
41
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
News
=13th/26
46%
Journalists
32%
News
organisations
42%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
45%
37%
Mostly ongoing
payments
66%
Tablet
36%
AD BLOCKER
23%
Smartphone
64%
use ad blockers.
(=15th/26 countries)
40% under 35.
72%
Social media
54%
Radio
47%
41%
86%
49
ONLINE
61
NRK News
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
45%
50%
YouTube
9%
10%
7%
9%
4%
6%
Snapchat
4%
7%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
SWEDEN
STATISTICS
Pop
10m
Internet penetration
95%
Medieborgarna & medierna: En digital vrld av rttigheter, skyldigheter mjligheter och ansvar. Stockholm: Elanders, SOU 2015: 94.
37
http://digiday.com/publishers/swedens-publishers-gearing-block-ad-blockers/
38
O. Westlund, Mobile News: A Review and Model of Journalism in an Age of Mobile Media, Digital Journalism, 1/1 (2013): 626.
39
50
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TOP BRANDS
16
22
21
Expressen
14
Dagens Nyheter
13
Gteborgs-Posten online
12
Svenska Dagbladet
Dagens Industri
CNN
BBC News
16
14
13
10
10
Metro online
5
CNN online
MSN News
Sydsvenska Dagbladet
Broadcasters/papers from outside Sweden
19
16
Nyheter 24
Gteborgs-Posten
Weekly use
online brands
TRUST
20%
Average
yearly
payment
MOST OF
THE TIME
One possible explanation for relatively
I TRUST...
low trust scores is the growth in rightwing groups known for criticising legacy
news media, and who are increasingly
turning to so-called alternative media
Journalists
(e.g. social media). In other surveys, we
see a significant gap between news
media deemed trusted (typically SVT,
SR, or a newspaper they personally
subscribe to) and media that is not
trusted (typically tabloid newspapers).
Mostly ongoing
payments
34%
News
=19th/26
40%
25%
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
43
64%
24
15
Main source
TV, radio & print
Computer
25
SR news online
Metro
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
PAY
19
% Weekly usage
Main source
online brands
38
Expressen online
40
SR news
Aftonbladet
55
Aftonbladet online
50
TV4 news
News
organisations
36%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
30%
28%
AD BLOCKER
27%
Smartphone
69%
use ad blockers.
(7th/26 countries)
41% under 35.
72%
Social media
56%
Radio
47%
43%
89%
51
ONLINE
57
SVT news
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
42%
43%
YouTube
11%
13%
8%
10%
5%
6%
3%
3%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
FINLAND
STATISTICS
Pop
Internet penetration
94%
40
http://mediaauditfinland.fi/
41
https://www.tns-gallup.fi/sites/default/files/press_release_media_advertising_expenditure_year_2015_finland_.pdf
Without non-recurring items and without Ilkkas share of Alma Media. Source: Suomen Lehdist 2/2016.
42
Although Uusisuomi.fi has adopted its name from a former newspaper it is a new enterprise and is classified here as a pure player.
43
According to a recent survey that included newspapers that offer subscriptions and appear six or seven times a week. Source: Suomen Lehdist 1/2016.
44
5.5m
52
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
35
% Weekly usage
23
Ilta-Sanomat
22
Iltalehti
19
Taloussanomat online
18
Kauppalehti online
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
Kauppalehti
Main source
TV, radio & print
BBC News
32
26
21
18
10
8
8
6
CNN
Maaseudun Tulevaisuus
MSN News
Hufvudstadsbladet
Main source
online brands
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20142016
100%
100%
50%
0%
2014
2015
2016
% pay for
online news
(=7th/26 countries)
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
40
Computer
Social
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
Journalists
24%
use ad blockers.
(=12th/26 countries)
39% under 35.
News
organisations
47%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
47%
41%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
34%
42%
YouTube
9%
8%
6%
9%
6%
10%
Suomi 24
5%
2%
65%
51%
2016
News
1st/26
Mostly ongoing
payments
AD BLOCKERS
Social
Smartphone
Print
TV
0%
TRUST
15
TV
Tablet
50%
PAY
36
Weekly use
online brands
44
Helsingin Sanomat
TOP BRANDS
58
Iltalehti online
32
60
Ilta-Sanomat online
58
53
ONLINE
70
Yle News
MTV3 News
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
DENMARK
STATISTICS
Pop
Internet penetration
5.5m
96%
54
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TOP BRANDS
44
21
32
EkstraBladet online
16
27
BT online
23
Sndagsavisen
14
Politiken online
14
Jyllandsposten online
19
18
% Weekly usage
10
Berlingske online
Politiken
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
Main source
TV, radio & print
Weekly use
online brands
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20132016
BT
Brsen online
11
Metroxpress
10
Berlingske
Information.dk
Ekstrabladet
Dagens.dk
Avisen.dk
Fagblade
BBC News
Sondagsavisen online
100%
2013
2014
2015
TRUST
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
32
Online
Computer
Social
Print
TV
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
Journalists
24%
use ad blockers.
(=12th/26 countries)
39% under 35.
News
organisations
47%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
40%
34%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
43%
48%
YouTube
7%
10%
5%
3%
4%
5%
2%
4%
46%
33%
2016
News
=13th/26
Mostly ongoing
payments
AD BLOCKERS
Social
2013
2016
Average
yearly
payment
Smartphone
0%
0%
pay for
online news
(=7th/26 countries)
TV
Tablet
50%
50%
15%
18
15
Jyllandsposten
Brsen
Main source
online brands
PAY
49
DR News online
64
Metroxpres
55
ONLINE
71
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
BELGIUM
STATISTICS
45
http://www.cim.be/nl/pers/echtverklaring-resultaten
47
http://newsmonkey.be/article/62838
11m
Internet penetration
85%
46
Pop
56
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
17
Qmusic news
% Weekly usage
Metro
10
10
47
40
36
TF1 news
10
10
60
31
L'Avenir online
20
10
10
13
10
26
10
16
Le Soir
26
10
15
7sur7
26
10
LAvenir
14
14
10
Le Soir
14
MSN News
13
10
TRUST*
12%
Average
yearly
payment
39
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
Tablet
Smartphone
Wallonia 72%
Flanders 69%
Wallonia 19%
Flanders 22%
Wallonia 41%
Flanders 37%
75%
Wallonia 78%
Flanders 73%
Social media
Radio
46%
Wallonia 43%
Flanders 50%
Wallonia 82%
Flanders 83%
50%
Undue
business influence
35%
Wallonia 29%
Flanders 39%
AGREE
23%
Wallonia 29%
Flanders 18%
use ad blockers.
(=15th/26 countries)
39% under 35.
45%
Wallonia 38%
Flanders 50%
82%
News
organisations
Wallonia 34%
Flanders 60%
39%
48%
Wallonia 39%
Flanders 59%
AD BLOCKER*
Computer
20%
51%
Wallonia 37%
Flanders 55%
AGREE
70%
38%
Journalists
Wallonia 30%
Flanders 43%
Mostly ongoing
payments
News
8th/26
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
Undue
political influence
10
10
10
Wallonia 11%
Flanders 13%
10
10
68
RTL News
Main source
online brands
21
17
De Morgen online
RTBF News
Weekly use
online brands
Wallonia 48%
Flanders 45%
10
Main source
TV, radio & print
46%
10
29
Nostalgie news
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
PAY
30
De Redactie
De Standaard online
12
Joe FM news
TOP BRANDS
23
Het Nieuwsblad
43
28
60
41
VTM news
57
70
VRT News
RANK NETWORK
ALL
U35s
42% (41%/43%)
52% (53%/55%)
YouTube
15% (11%/21%)
12% (8%/18%)
Google+
4% (4%/6%)
2% (1%/3%)
4% (3%/5%)
5% (6%/4%)
4% (4%/4%)
5% (5%/5%)
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
NETHERLANDS
STATISTICS
Pop
17m
Internet penetration
96%
48
49
Dolf Rogmans, De Correspondent weet groei vast te houden, Villamedia, 2015. Retrieved from: https://www.villamedia.nl/artikel/de-correspondent-weet-groei-vastte-houden. Wilco Dekker, Oplagecijfers kranten stijgen dankzij digitale abos. de Volkskrant, 2015. http://www.volkskrant.nl/media/oplagecijfers-kranten-stijgendankzij-digitale-abo-s~a3923288
50
58
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
19
De Telegraaf
TOP BRANDS
16
16
de Volkskrant online
Algemeen Dagblad
15
MSN News
15
Geen Stijl
13
Metro
Weekly use
online brands
Main source
online brands
Metro online
CNN
BBC News
6
6
Belgian TV news
German TV news
TRUST
12%
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
47
Half and half:
one-off and
ongoing payments
58%
(-6)
Tablet
30%
(+5)
76%
(-4)
Social media
47%
(+4)
Radio
57%
(+9)
(+5)
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
News
6th/26
Journalists
54%
49%
News
organisations
56%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
47%
41%
20%
Smartphone
50%
use ad blockers.
(=22nd/26 countries)
(+8)
43%
(+1)
81%
AD BLOCKER
13
de Volkskrant
Computer
17
Regional TV news
Main source
TV, radio & print
PAY
19
% Weekly usage
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
22
21
26
De Telegraaf online
23
SBS news
32
26
44
NU.nl
35
59
ONLINE
61
NOS News
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
36%
45%
14%
17%
YouTube
11%
13%
8%
9%
5%
4%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
SWITZERLAND
51
STATISTICS
Pop
Internet penetration
8m
87%
52
http://www.foeg.uzh.ch/dam/jcr:ffffffff-dcb0-8a8e-0000 0000635a6531/Broschur_Jahrbuch_foeg_englisch_2015.pdf
53
http://www.werbestatistik.ch/index.php?pid=65
60
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TOP BRANDS
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
Main source
TV, radio & print
Main source
online brands
19
75
36
19
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
71
16
13
Yahoo News
23
17
TRUST
10%
25
Teletext.ch
Bluewin news
PAY
29
24 heures online
24
24 heures
34
38
35
Le Matin online
46
59
20 Minutes online
55
20 Minutes
12
NZZ online
14
Weekly use
online brands
16
Teletext.ch
15
Tages Anzeiger
18
23
% Weekly usage
25
Bluewin news
26
31
28
35
38
59
20 Minuten online
50
20 Minuten
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
News
=9th/26
Journalists
50%
35%
News
organisations
39%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
39%
35%
60%
Tablet
29%
AD BLOCKER
Smartphone
61%
20%
use ad blockers.
(=22nd/26 countries)
31% under 35.
69%
Social media
47%
Radio
43%
63%
82%
61
70
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
36%
44%
19%
23%
YouTube
19%
23%
Google+
6%
4%
6%
6%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
AUSTRIA
STATISTICS
Pop
55
83%
The figures in this paragraph are obtained by comparing the data published by the sterreichische Auflagenkontrolle (AK): https://www.oeak.at
54
http://derstandard.at/Abo?ref=AboWidget
56
http://derstandard.at/2000010646925/Fragen-und-Antworten-zum-WhatsApp-Service-von-derStandardat
57
Internet penetration
8.5m
62
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
24
GMX news
ZDF news
24
23
Heute online
RTL news
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
Main source
TV, radio & print
Weekly use
online brands
21
OE24
12
19
12
18
11
news.at
10
Heute
Bezirksbltter
18
14
Kurier
13
Der Standard
12
MSN News
Yahoo News
16
KroneHit news
TRUST
7%
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
47
Half and half:
one-off and
ongoing payments
64%
(-3)
Tablet
21%
(+3)
76%
(-2)
Social media
48%
(+10)
Radio
46%
(-3)
(+3)
http://www.presserat.at/show_content.php?hid=12
58
News
=15th/26
Journalists
43%
32%
News
organisations
42%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
24%
22%
26%
Smartphone
51%
use ad blockers.
(=8th/26 countries)
(+10)
67%
(-4)
73%
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
AD BLOCKER
14
19
ARD news
Die Presse
PAY
14
Kurier online
12
19
Main source
online brands
20
18
meinbezirk.at - woche.at
ServusTV news
sterreich
31
Puls 4 news
ATV news
53
42
Kronen Zeitung
63
ONLINE
81
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
35%
49%
YouTube
17%
19%
13%
16%
5%
9%
Google+
4%
2%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
HUNGARY
STATISTICS
10m
Internet penetration
76%
59
http://index.hu/kultur/media/2015/02/06/lemondott_a_simicska-medibirodalom_teljes_vezetese
60
http://www.mmonline.hu/cikk/eldolt_tavozik_dirk_gerkens
http://index.hu/kultur/media/2016/03/23/ket_ev_alatt_tobbszazezer_nezot_vesztett_a_tenyek
61
Pop
64
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
ATV
Hr TV
TOP BRANDS
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
HVG
Metropol
ATV online
Blikk online
15
21
18
16
Bors
Npszabadsag online
Bors online
Echo TV
Metropol online
10
Npszabadsg
10
CNN
Vilaggazdasag online
10
Nemzeti Sport
portfolio.hu
10
8%
Average
yearly
payment
13
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
74%
23
444.hu
16
TRUST
Computer
32
30
24.hu
PAY
32
168 ra
Weekly use
online brands
Main source
online brands
30
13
Main source
TV, radio & print
18
Blikk
% Weekly usage
37
HVG online
30
24
Duna TV news
46
index.hu
35
50
Origo news
41
TV2 news
Tablet
12%
12
12
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
News
24th/26
Journalists
31%
20%
News
organisations
28%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
14%
13%
AD BLOCKER
25%
Smartphone
43%
use ad blockers.
(=10th/26 countries)
43% under 35.
72%
Social media
64%
Radio
25%
27%
88%
65
ONLINE
57
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
60%
57%
YouTube
22%
23%
Google+
8%
4%
5%
6%
Viber
4%
4%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
CZECH REPUBLIC
http://www.nielsen-admosphere.cz/press/tz-trh-s-reklamou-v-roce-2015-vzrostl-o-temer-8
63
http://www.inzertnivykony.cz
http://www.abccr.cz/overovana-data/periodicky-tisk
64
http://www.mediaguru.cz/2015/03/mafra-zavedeni-ctecky-zdvojnasobilo-prijmy-z-obsahu/#.VwThGHohEhQ
65
Including the TV channel Stream.cz, run by the largest Czech search engine [or internet portal] Seznam.cz.
http://markomu.cz/nejnavstevovanejsi-weby
67
Pop
Internet penetration
10.5m
80%
62
66
STATISTICS
66
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
20
16
Blesk
15
14
Super.cz
13
Blesk online
12
Denik online
TV Barrandov news
12
Parlamentnilisty.cz
14
14
Frekvence 1 news
10
Denik
Evropa 2 news
Tyden.cz
Weekly use
online brands
Extra.cz
Lidove noviny
Reflex.cz
7%
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
12
Mostly one-off
payments
16%
()
81%
(-4)
Social media
51%
(+10)
Radio
35%
()
()
News
21st/26
Journalists
34%
20%
News
organisations
29%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
15%
13%
21%
Smartphone
40%
use ad blockers.
(=19th/26 countries)
(+6)
34%
(-3)
91%
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
AD BLOCKER
Rozhlas.cz
(-3)
14
10
80%
18
Pravo
TRUST
Computer
20
18
PAY
26
23
Metro
Main source
TV, radio & print
Main source
online brands
30
% Weekly usage
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
43
Aktualne.cz
Ceska televize news online
TOP BRANDS
47
27
Prima news
Mlada Fronta DNES
55
30
TV Nova news
67
ONLINE
67
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
46%
51%
YouTube
22%
21%
Google+
5%
3%
3%
3%
3%
4%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
POLAND
STATISTICS
Pop
38m
Internet penetration
68%
exclusively on native ads reached breakeven point in 2015. At the same time the
number of paid digital subscriptions for
the leading quality newspaper, Gazeta
Wyborcza, has reached more than
77,000 (vs 22,000 at the end of 2014).
A Polish pay-as-you-go news system
called Webnalist emerged in September.
Its founders call it a nanopayment
platform where reading an individual
story can cost as little as 0.01 PLN
(virtually 0 GBP).
Poland scores highly in terms of paying
for digital news. A growing number of
streaming services in Poland Deezer,
Tidal, Spotify (music), Netflix (movies),
Storytel (audiobooks), and Legimi
(e-books) may have partially normalised
the idea of paying for digital content.
Vadim Makarenko
Journalist at Gazeta Wyborcza, and
former Reuters Institute Journalist Fellow
68
http://www.agora.pl/im/2/19853/m19853372,RAPORT-S-2015-PL.pdf
69
http://variety.com/2015/digital/news/house-of-cards-season-3-pirated-with-china-top-country-for-downloaders-1201444023
68
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
18
17
Main source
TV, radio & print
Weekly use
online brands
Main source
online brands
Super Express
12
Rzeczpospolita
11
Newsweek Polska
11
Wprost
10
13
Rzeczpospolita online
12
11
Ipla.tv
11
Tok FM news
Polityka online
11
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
Mostly one-off
payments
18%
()
Social media
58%
(+6)
Radio
42%
(-1)
(-2)
News
=4th/26
Journalists
55%
42%
News
organisations
46%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
27%
25%
38%
Smartphone
58%
use ad blockers.
(1st/26 countries)
(+6)
32%
(+4)
82%
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
AD BLOCKER
(-1)
12
80%
12
Dziennik.pl
Polityka
20%
TV
Wprost online
(-6)
16
14
75%
21
TRUST
Computer
23
Fakt online
PAY
25
15
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
29
Gazeta.pl
Wyborcza.pl
25
Fakt
34
Interia news
29
Polsat news
Gazeta Wyborcza
51
32
52
WP news
37
60
Onet news
43
69
ONLINE
44
RMF FM news
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
50%
54%
YouTube
31%
35%
Google+
9%
4%
9%
6%
Nk.pl
3%
1%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
GREECE
STATISTICS
http://www.statistics.gr/el/statistics/-/publication/SDD06/-
71
http://www.argoscom.gr
http://www.arianna.gr/gr/data
11m
Internet penetration
63%
70
72
Pop
70
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
33
ANT1 news
44
Zougla.gr
29
43
Enikos.gr
28
ERT news
38
News247.gr
28
Star news
38
Yahoo News
27
Real news
20
Newsit.gr
19
25
24
17
Proto Thema
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
34
In.gr
Mega news
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
Newsbomb.gr
48
25
24
Epsilon news
15
tro-ma-kti-ko.blogspot.com
Main source
TV, radio & print
Kathimerini
14
Kathimerini online
Weekly use
online brands
To Vima
13
Lifo.gr
BBC News
13
Naftemporiki Online
20
Ta Nea
12
Capital.gr
19
11
Newsbeast.gr
19
Mega online
19
Main source
online brands
CNN
Makedonia TV
TRUST
PAY
7%
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
32
Half and half:
one-off and
ongoing payments
72%
Tablet
28%
22
20
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
News
26th/26
Journalists
20%
11%
News
organisations
16%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
7%
5%
AD BLOCKER
36%
Smartphone
47%
use ad blockers.
(2nd/26 countries)
51% under 35.
66%
Social media
74%
Radio
34%
31%
96%
71
ONLINE
50
Alpha TV news
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
68%
69%
YouTube
34%
32%
14%
11%
Viber
8%
10%
Google+
8%
6%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
TURKEY
STATISTICS
Pop
73
Internet penetration
78m*
60%
Servet Yanatma, Media Capture and Advertising in Turkey, Research Paper, RISJ, 2016.
*Data are from urban Turkey, rather than a fully nationally representative sample. This will tend to represent richer and more connected users.
72
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
48
Mynet news
CNN Trk
47
Hrriyet online
NTV
47
NTV online
45
40
Haberler.com
Star TV news
40
Szc online
38
nternethaber
22
22
Szc
35
Sabah online
Milliyet
34
Ahaber
33
Ensonhaber
Sabah
Cumhuriyet
Halk TV news
29
Haber7
29
Cumhuriyet online
19
15
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
14
Mostly one-off
payments
62%
(-3)
Tablet
24%
()
80%
(+5)
Social media
73%
(+6)
Radio
41%
(+9)
(+2)
News
=19th/26
Journalists
40%
34%
News
organisations
37%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
29%
27%
31%
Smartphone
68%
use ad blockers.
(3rd/26 countries)
(+11)
54%
(-4)
90%
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
AD BLOCKER
17
20
17
15
TRUST
27%
22
20
23
PAY
31
29
Habertrk online
Posta
Main source
online brands
31
36
Habertrk TV news
Weekly use
online brands
35
33
TRT news
Show TV news
Main source
TV, radio & print
36
Milliyet online
ATV news
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
37
Kanal D news
Hrriyet
73
ONLINE
60
Fox TV news
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
64%
61%
YouTube
31%
35%
30%
31%
17%
20%
12%
15%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
SOUTH KOREA
STATISTICS
Pop
49m
Internet penetration
92%
74
As of Feb. 2016, the number of smartphone service subscribers had reached 44.1 million Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning: http://msip.go.kr/web/
msipContents/contents.do?mId=MTQ2
75
The 2011 news consumption data are from Media Audience Research published annually by the Korea Press Foundation.
74
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
MBC news
46
JTBC news
45
42
YTN
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
Main source
TV, radio & print
MBN news
23
16
22
15
21
OhMyNews
15
Channel A news
19
Nate news
15
Chosun Ilbo
19
15
14
14
Dong-a Ilbo
13
13
13
12
12
11
Nocut News
11
Kyunghyang Shinmun
The Hankook Ilbo
TRUST
PAY
20
16
Hankyoreh Shinmun
Weekly use
online brands
Main source
online brands
24
22
Joongang Ilbo
TV Chosun news
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
41
24
Yonhap News TV
66
Naver news
47
SBS news
6%
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
News
25th/26
Journalists
22%
17%
News
organisations
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
60%
Tablet
12%
17%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
14%
13%
AD BLOCKER
12%
Smartphone
66%
use ad blockers.
(25th/26 countries)
12% under 35.
71%
Social media
32%
Radio
12%
28%
86%
75
ONLINE
56
KBS news
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
24%
27%
Kakao Talk
22%
17%
YouTube
16%
12%
Kakao Story
9%
5%
9%
8%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
JAPAN
STATISTICS
Pop
http://www.pressnet.or.jp/english/data/circulation/circulation01.php
77
http://diamond.jp/articles/-/85459
https://linecorp.com/en/pr/news/en/2016/1223
91%
76
78
Internet penetration
127m
76
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
10
21
38
TV Tokyo news
20
MSN News
Fuji TV news
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
16
Yomiuri Shimbun
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
Main source
TV, radio & print
14
Asahi Shimbun
14
BBC News
Yomiuri Online
CNN
Sankei Shimbun
Nikkan Sports
CNN online
Main source
online brands
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20132016
12
Mainichi Shimbun
Nikkei
Weekly use
online brands
100%
2013
2014
2015
26
Social
Print
TV
TRUST
Average
yearly
payment
Online
Computer
2013
2016
Mostly ongoing
payments
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
RANK
10%
use ad blockers.
(26th/26 countries)
12% under 35.
Journalists
43%
21%
News
organisations
33%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
26%
22%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
YouTube
26%
16%
16%
15%
16%
27%
Line
13%
15%
Google+
6%
4%
79
2016
News
=15th/26
Social
0%
0%
pay for
online news
(=9th/26 countries)
Smartphone
50%
50%
12%
TV
Tablet
PAY
13
Nikkei online
42
TBS news
16
44
TV Asahi news
59
Yahoo News
46
Nippon TV news
77
ONLINE
57
NHK news
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
AUSTRALIA
80
81
Pop
23m
Internet penetration
93%
82
83
STATISTICS
78
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
38
Ninemsn
16
15
11
12
BBC News
11
11
10
11
Prime7 News
10
Huffington Post
10
Main source
online brands
Sky News
Buzzfeed News
10
Triple J News
Courier Mail
The Age
CNN online
TRUST
10%
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
53
Mostly ongoing
payments
60%
14
13
11
Weekly use
online brands
Computer
Daily Telegraph
Main source
TV, radio & print
PAY
27
21
Yahoo!7
13
Herald Sun
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
29
19
% Weekly usage
21
SBS News
TOP BRANDS
29
39
28
Tablet
27%
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
News
=15th/26
Journalists
43%
32%
News
organisations
39%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
32%
27%
AD BLOCKER
23%
Smartphone
51%
use ad blockers.
(=15th/26 countries)
33% under 35.
65%
Social media
52%
Radio
40%
38%
78%
79
ONLINE
News.com.au
41
Channel 7 News
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
45%
53%
YouTube
15%
20%
8%
12%
4%
7%
3%
1%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
CANADA
STATISTICS
Pop
Internet penetration
35.5m
93%
84
As of the 2011 census, English was the first language spoken in the home by 66% of the population and French by 21% (13% spoke another language). Over 90% of
French-speaking Canadians reside in Qubec.
85
http://www.cem.ulaval.ca/pdf/Donneesfinancieres.pdf
86
Postmedia is owned by a group of investors including Manhattan-based hedge fund, Golden Tree Asset Management, which owns 35% of the company.
80
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
Yahoo News
22
Huffington Post
21
22
29
CNN
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
15
13
Toronto Star
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
18
31
24
23
15
Canoe.com
24 hours
11
Mtro
Huffington Post
10
TRUST
9%
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
23
Half and half:
one-off and
ongoing payments
64%
17
MSN News
11
Computer
24
La Presse online
14
39
46
Radio-Canada/RDI news
15
64
La Presse
PAY
18
CNN online
BuzzFeed News
TVA/LCN news
Main source
online brands
18
MSN News
Main source
TV, radio & print
Weekly use
online brands
20
25
23
CBC news
Local radio news
CityTV News
28
32
Global news
Tablet
24%
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
News
=4th/26
Journalists
55%
47%
News
organisations
52%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
43%
39%
AD BLOCKER
22%
Smartphone
39%
use ad blockers.
(18th/26 countries)
34% under 35.
71%
Social media
48%
Radio
27%
36%
75%
81
35
CTV news
RANK
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
46%
58%
YouTube
17%
24%
12%
19%
Google+
4%
3%
3%
8%
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
BRAZIL
STATISTICS
Pop
58%
87
May 2014, according to the then chief executive of Facebook in Brazil, Leonardo Tristo.
88
89
Internet penetration
204m*
*Data are from urban Brazil, rather than a fully nationally representative sample. This will tend to represent richer and more connected users.
82
ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY
33
O Globo online
O Globo
32
Yahoo News
31
BandNews
TOP BRANDS
% Weekly usage
49
UOL online
Record News
22
Folha de S. Paulo
51
39
Jornal do SBT
40
32
31
29
18
Terra
27
O Estado de S. Paulo
17
MSN News
27
17
BandNews online
27
CNN
16
26
Weekly use
TV, radio & print
Main source
TV, radio & print
13
Rede TV News
20
20
Weekly use
online brands
BBC News
11
10
CNN online
Main source
online brands
Jornal Extra
iG. Online
14
Jornal O Dia
13
13
CHANGES IN
MEDIA USAGE
20132016
50%
0%
2014
2015
2016
Average
yearly
payment
THE MEDIA IS
FREE FROM...
11
21%
use ad blockers.
(=19th/26 countries)
27% under 35.
Online
Computer
Social
Print
TV
2014
2015
MOST OF
THE TIME
I TRUST...
Journalists
58%
54%
News
organisations
56%
Undue
political influence
Undue
business influence
AGREE
AGREE
36%
35%
NETWORK
ALL
U35s
69%
70%
39%
37%
YouTube
37%
38%
13%
15%
11%
14%
2016
News
3rd/26
AD BLOCKERS
Social
2013
pay for
online news
(3rd/26 countries)
Smartphone
0%
2013
TRUST
22%
TV
Tablet
50%
PAY
16
100%
83
ONLINE
53
Globo News
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
84
FURTHER
ANALYSIS AND
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISON
In this section we lay out the overall shape of news consumption across TV, radio, and
online. We look at different segmentations to help us understand the varying patterns of
news use, as well as the role of traditional and new digital brands. We also explore trust in
different types of media, look at consumption patterns around soft and hard news, explore
participation and social sharing and finally attitudes to paying for news across countries.
85
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
DEMOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES
slide 84
UK
GER
FRA
SPA
POR
ITA
IRE
FIN
NOR
SWE
DEN
BEL
TV
66%
70%
78%
74%
79%
82%
83%
73%
75%
72%
72%
73%
75%
Radio
23%
33%
46%
28%
34%
37%
30%
48%
47%
47%
47%
47%
46%
26%
35%
38%
27%
56%
47%
43%
47%
53%
41%
43%
29%
45%
Online*
73%
72%
59%
71%
86%
88%
83%
84%
89%
86%
89%
84%
82%
NLD
SUI
AUT
HUN
CZE
POL
GRE
TUR
KOR
JPN
AUS
CAN
BRA
TV
76%
69%
76%
72%
81%
80%
66%
80%
71%
69%
65%
71%
79%
Radio
57%
43%
46%
25%
35%
42%
34%
41%
12%
17%
40%
27%
35%
43%
63%
67%
27%
34%
32%
31%
54%
28%
44%
38%
36%
40%
Online*
81%
82%
73%
88%
91%
82%
96%
90%
86%
72%
78%
75%
91%
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? Base: Total sample in each country
86
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
87
FEMALE
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55+
TV
75%
73%
58%
63%
71%
78%
85%
Radio
41%
33%
24%
30%
35%
40%
44%
44%
38%
31%
33%
37%
41%
50%
Online*
83%
82%
88%
87%
84%
80%
77%
Social media
48%
55%
68%
59%
53%
46%
43%
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? Base: Male/Female/18-24s/25-34s/35-44s/45-54s/55+:
All countries = 26098/27232/5790/9456/9941/9561/18582
slide
86
TRADITIONALISTS VS MAINLY DIGITAL
Our first segmentation categorises respondents into those that
exhibit traditional approaches (mainly TV, radio and print) and
those that are mainly digital in the way they consume the news.
We also identify a sizeable group that are half and half (platform
agnostic). The following table explains how these segments
have been achieved.
TRADITIONAL
MAINLY DIGITAL
Websites/apps of
newspapers
33%
44%
OR...
Mainly Digital users who
have used one or fewer
devices in the last week
23%
Websites/apps of
news magazines
Websites/apps
of TV and Radio
companies
Websites/apps of
other news outlets
Social media
Blogs
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
slide 87
50
44
40%
42
42
41
40
38
30%
20%
10%
19
14
13
19
17
16
38
38
35
34
33
25
24
23
20
16
36
19
18
0%
GER
FRA
AUT
BEL
CAN
JPN
ITA
NLD
UK
USA
HUN
POR
AUS
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
33
33
31
30
29
26
20%
23
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY22
OF JOURNALISM
17
10%
29
27
28
32
27
28
27
26
19
slide 88
23
28
23
35
34
33
21
16
0%
SUI
CZE
SPA
POL
IRE
TUR
FIN
DEN
BRA
KOR
NOR
Mainly Digital
44
GRE
Traditional
FRA
42
19
14
13
SWE
41
40
19
17
38
16
38
AUT
BEL
CAN
JPN
ITA
NLD
36
35
UK
USA
34
33
25
24
23
20
16
38
19
HUN
18
POR
AUS
33
23
UI
26
CZE
31
30
22
SPA
29
27
28
32
67%
27
26
19
17
POL
29
IRE
TUR
FIN
DEN
BRA
23
28
KOR
54%
are female
23
NOR
35
34
33
21
SWE
69%
did not go
to university
16
GRE
49%
88
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
89
News
Lovers
18%
Interest in news
slide 90
Daily
Briefers
Casual
Users
News Lovers
Extremely interested
in news and access
> 5 times a day.
Daily Briefers
Very or extremely
interested and access
1-5 times a day.
Casual Users
44%
38%
Frequency of access
Q1b. Typically, how often do you access news? Q1c. How interested, if at all, would
you say you are in news? Base: Total sample
59%
are male
48%
52%
trust the
have bachelor/
masters/doctoral
degree
77%
more likely
to pay for online
news (than daily
briefers)
news most of
the time
37%
more likely
to share news
(than daily
briefers)
In the US, Canada, and particularly the UK, broadcast brands take
the largest share, with newspapers playing a lesser role.
In Finland and Spain and to a lesser extent Germany and France,
it is newspaper brands that have made the running in digital
news. By contrast, in Poland, Korea, Japan, and Australia there
has been more impact from digital-born brands (see chart below).
slide 91
ONLINE REACH OF NEWSPAPERS, BROADCASTERS AND DIGITAL BORN BRANDS (SELECTED COUNTRIES)
STRONG BROADCASTERS
STRONG BROADCASTERS
90%
90%
80%
80%
70%
70%
60%
60%
63
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
50%
STRONG
PRINT
BRANDS
STRONG
PRINT
BRANDS
STRONG
DIGITALBORN
BORN
STRONG DIGITAL
8787
85 85
75 75
63
59
48
40%
60 59
60
48 51 52
59
59
51 52
46 49
46
30%
47
43
62
57
57
31
31
20%
53 49
47
53
43
40
62 63
71
63
62
707071
62
Broadcaster
Broadcaster
87
87
Print
Print
7171
55
55
63
56
56
62
47
40
40
33
62 6464
63
47
40
33
10%
0%
USA
USA
Canada
Canada
UK
UK
Germany
Germany
France
France
Spain
Spain
Finland
Finland
Poland
Poland
Korea
Japan
Korea
Japan
Q5B. Which, if any, of the following have you used to access news in the last week? Base: Total sample in each country
Australia
Australia
Digital
bornborn
Digital
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
slide 92
UK
FRA
FIN
POL
Yahoo News
28%
BBC News
51%
20 Minutes
19%
Ilta-Sanomat
60%
Onet News
60%
Huffington Post
25%
MailOnline
17%
Le Monde
18%
Iltalehti
58%
WP News
52%
Fox News
22%
Guardian
14%
Le Figaro
15%
Yle News
44%
TVN24
51%
Q5B. Which, if any, of the following have you used to access news in the last week? Base: Total sample in each country
90
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
slide 94
91
In the first category, our data show that the most successful
companies in terms of reach have been BuzzFeed and the
Huffington Post. Both have focused on distributing content
through social media but are also building up destination
websites and apps along with a news voice of their own.
BUZZFEED
VICE
BBC
CNN
NEW YORK
TIMES
USA
25%
16%
4%
10%
21%
14%
UK
14%
9%
2%
51%
2%
2%
France
13%*
4%
2%
3%
2%
2%
Germany
8%*
2%
1%
4%
3%
2%
Spain
14%*
3%
3%
6%
7%
Italy
13%*
2%
2%
8%
6%
3%
Greece
13%*
4%
7%
15%
11%
Ireland
11%*
10%
2%
22%
6%
5%
Australia
10%
10%
2%
14%
8%
4%
Canada
19%
13%
4%
9%
15%
6%
Japan
5%*
2%
4%
6%
2%
11%
6%
2%
8%
8%
5%
Weighted
average
(24 countries)
http://blogs.wsj.com/corporate-intelligence/2013/01/04/buzzfeeds-business-model-scale-is-a-problem-and-thats-a-good-thing
90
https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/tags/jimmy-maymann
91
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
https://blogs.mediapart.fr/edition/les-invites-de-mediapart/article/160316/building-independence
92
92
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
53
F
ria)
93
UK
GER
FRA
ITA
SPA
POR
IRE
NOR
SWE
FIN
DEN
BEL
Direct entry
35%
47%
27%
27%
22%
38%
37%
41%
63%
42%
62%
55%
29%
Search
30%
20%
37%
35%
54%
50%
41%
34%
25%
27%
15%
16%
33%
Social media
35%
25%
21%
26%
36%
39%
41%
31%
33%
33%
24%
35%
27%
Aggregator
9%
6%
6%
5%
9%
10%
5%
7%
9%
11%
9%
5%
5%
20%
7%
15%
22%
13%
15%
29%
8%
8%
9%
6%
18%
40%
Mobile alerts
12%
9%
8%
14%
9%
11%
16%
11%
9%
16%
5%
11%
8%
NLD
SUI
AUT
HUN
CZE
POL
GRE
TUR
KOR
JPN
AUS
CAN
BRA
Direct entry
48%
46%
29%
48%
45%
27%
44%
41%
13%
12%
31%
33%
43%
Search
24%
38%
39%
36%
52%
62%
54%
67%
60%
38%
35%
36%
49%
Social media
31%
25%
33%
51%
34%
38%
55%
48%
18%
14%
36%
35%
52%
Aggregator
4%
5%
4%
16%
36%
8%
6%
13%
38%
43%
9%
7%
18%
17%
14%
18%
23%
12%
14%
21%
16%
12%
14%
16%
14%
23%
Mobile alerts
13%
15%
10%
5%
3%
7%
8%
21%
12%
9%
8%
8%
13%
Q10. Thinking about how you got news online (via computer, mobile or any device) in the last week, which were the ways in which you came across news stories? Base: Total
sample in each country
in many
of our country profiles (see section 2). Particularly in Europe,
some PSBs are facing accusations of biased news coverage,
pressures over funding along with renewed questioning of
their role in a digital world. Some PSBs such as the BBC
in the UK are routinely accused of unfairly dominating the
marketplace, in particular because of the possibility that they
are undermining paid providers by offering free and unlimited
access to online news content.
slide 97
80%
60%
49
80%
7081
81
60%
44
53
40%
40%
20%
20%
DR
(Denmark)
0%
Yle
(Finland)
0%
66
71
51
53
7161 70
59
70
45
49
49
67
66
66
42
44
44
51
61
51
Online
64
61
59
45 30 45
57
NRK
(Norway)
RTE
(Ireland)
ORF ORF DR
DR Yle
Yle BBC
(Austria)(Austria)
(Denmark)
(Finland)
(Denmark)
(Finland)(UK)
67
54
59
67
64
46
CT
Rai
(Czech Republic) (Italy)
64
57
57
35
42
42
15
BBC
(UK)
Broadcast
16
NHK
(Japan)
16
30
ARD
(Germany)
30 16
54
54
46
46
35
15
15 16
ZDF 15
France
(Germany) Tlvisions
(France)
16
16
16
16
16
35
15
15
00
0 CT
CT Rai
Rai NHK NHK ARD ARD ZDF ZDF FranceFrance
Republic)
(Germany)
(Germany)
Tlvisions
(Czech(Czech
Republic)
(Italy) (Italy)(Japan)(Japan)
(Germany)
(Germany)
Tlvisions
(France)(France)
Q5a. Thinking now about news on TV, Radio and Print (traditional media), which of the following brands have you used in the last week? Q5b. Which, if any, of the following
have you used to access news in the last week? Via online platforms (web, mobile, tablet, e-reader). Base: Total sample in each country
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
slide 98
18-24
53
53
48
34
44
33
29
60%25
28
20 19
50%
48
25-34
46
35-44
40
ONLINE WEEKLY
REACH OF POPULAR PSBs BY AGE SELECTED COUNTRIES
37
51 52
40%
Poland
55
53
50
Spain
45-54
29
24
24
20
57
5416
59
17 18 18
44 44
Germany
39
30%
48
55+
17
13
11
46
45
UK
30
20
53 53 52
12
10
Japan 42
USA
51
46 45
44
37
48
46
35
29
29
20%
10%
0%
ORF (Austria)
DR (Denmark)
Yle (Finland)
BBC (UK)
NRK (Norway)
RTE (Ireland)
Q5b. Which, if any, of the following have you used to access news in the last week? Please select all that apply. Via online platforms (web, mobile, tablet, e-reader). Base:
18-24/25-34/35-44/45-54/55+: Austria = 232/350/371/405/642, Denmark = 238/231/349/460/742, UK = 220/206/293/400/905, Finland = 185/411/341/422/682, Norway =
242/344/399/426/608, Ireland = 181/462/426/360/574
slide 99
PROPORTION THAT AGREED THAT THEY CAN TRUST MOST NEWS MOST OF THE TIME
58
22
%
7
30%
Finland
30
13
25
17
6
Germany
UK
30 29
46
20
30
Spain
30
USA
11
Finland
13
Germany
UK
Greece
25
36
30 29
19
8
Spain
32
25
20
4
12
17
5
Strongly disagree
19
40
13
Tend to disagree
32
25
22
10%
0%
36
30
45
20%
Neither
40
40%
11
Tend to agree
58
50%
Strongly agree
46
45
60%
that even amongst those PSBs that have a large online reach,
audiences in Scandinavian countries and Ireland are slightly
skewed towards older users. ORF in Austria and the BBC in the
UK appeal to different age groups more evenly, with the BBC
particularly popular with 1824s.
13
3
USA
12
1
Greece
Q6_2016_1. Thinking about news in general, do you agree or disagree with the following statements?: I think you can trust most news most of the time. Base: Total sample in
each country.
94
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
56
45
37
39
60%
Right
42
65 67 64
34
38
20%
23
45
40%
UK
Centre
52 51
56
Germany
Left
37
Spain
USA
18
22 24
Germany
42
34
38
Greece
UK
80%
60%
Over 35s
67
58
55
51
40%
38
32
34
20%
17
0%
Spain
52
42
41
Finland
USA
51
38
32
34
21
Germany
Greece
17
UK
Spain
USA
23
18
22 24
Spain
USA
Greece
Q6_2016_1. Thinking about news in general, do you agree or disagree with the
following statements?: I think you can trust most news most of the time. Q1F. Some
people talk about left, right and centre to describe parties and politicians. With this
in mind, where would you place yourself on the following scale? Base: Left/Centre/
Right: Finland = 389/824/355, Germany = 149/1485/69, UK = 468/1009/292, Spain
= 626/1130/159, US = 476/871/591, Greece = 355/1231/173. Note: Respondents that
selected Dont know at Q1F were removed from the analysis.
Greece
Q6_2016_1. Thinking about news in general, do you agree or disagree with the
following statements?:
I thinkTHE
youSTUDY
can trust
news most of the time. Base:
REUTERS
INSTITUTE FOR
OFmost
JOURNALISM
Under-/Over-35s: Finland = 556/1485, Germany = 484/1551, UK = 426/1598, Spain =
639/1465, US = 504/1693, Greece = 598/1438.
slide 102
GER
UK
SPA
USA
GRE
Trust in news
organisations
.74
.82
.77
.76
.83
.73
Trust in
journalists
.68
.73
.64
.65
.75
.62
Freedom from
politics
.49
.65
.53
.48
.61
.46
Freedom from
commerce
.49
.61
.50
.50
.58
.42
A series of ordinal regression models were used to test for significant associations with trust as measured on a five-point scale, and to simultaneously control for the
influence of other demographic variables.
93
21
52 51
0%
Finland
95
Right
55 57
39
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
and AOL, which are now over 20 years old, are more likely
to be a main source of news than brands like BuzzFeed and
Huffington Post, which emerged in the last decade. New
players like Vox in the US and El Espaol in Spain may take
encouragement from the fact that their prominence in the minds
of consumers will likely increase slowly over time. The main
exception to this trend is Vice which, despite being present in
one form or another since the mid-1990s, is only seen as their
main source of news by 5% of its users in the UK and 8% in
the US.
REUTERS
INSTITUTE
FORthis
THEisSTUDY
JOURNALISM
brand who
say that
their OF
main
online news
PROPORTION OF USERS OF DIGITAL BORN BRANDS THAT SAID EACH WAS THEIR MAIN BRAND,
60%
60%
The
Lad
Bible
The
Lad
Bible
(4)(4)
60%
60%
Vox
Vox
(2)(2)
50%
50%
BuzzFeed
BuzzFeed
(9)(9)
50%
50%
BuzzFeed
BuzzFeed
(9)(9)
60%
40%
40%
60%
50%
30%
30%
50%
40%
20%
20%
40%
30%
30%
10%
10%
20%
20%
0%0%
10%
0%
10% 14
0%
60%
60%
4040
40
40
141436
1313
88
14
13
8
3636
36
60%
The(4)
Lad Bible (4)
The Lad Bible
60%
MSN
News
(20) 50%
MSN
News
(20)
50%
30%
30%
Yahoo
News
(22)
Yahoo
News
(22)
40%
40%
20%
20%
BuzzFeed (9)
BuzzFeed (9)
MSN NewsMSN
(20) News (20)30%
30%
Yahoo
Yahoo News
(22) News (22)
20%
20%
UKUK
10%
13
0%
UK
UK
40%
40%
10%
0%0%25
22
13
0%
BuzzFeed
BuzzFeed
(9)(9)
50%
20%
20%
40%
30%
30%
10%
10%
20%
20%
0%0%
10%
0%
4747
60%
40%
10%15
0%
13
3 3 13
25
22
13
USA
60%
60%
2525 25
36
25
USA
USA
Vox (2)
Vox (2)
BuzzFeed (9)
BuzzFeed (9)
AOL News (25)
35
47
35
3 3
3
Germany
41
15 15
47
15
41
41 41
Gmx.de
(18)
Web.de
(20)(35)
Gmx.de
BuzzFeed (9)
BuzzFeed (9) 60%
t-online
(20)
t-online
(20)
t-online
(20)
50%
Web.de
(20)
Gmx.de
(18)
Web.de
(20)
40%
Web.de
(20)(15)Gmx.de (18)
Gmx.de
50%
40%
20%
20%
ElEspaol.com
ElEspaol.com
(1) (1)
Eldiario.es
Eldiario.es
(3) (3)
Pblico.es
Pblico.es
(8)(8)
ElEspaol.com
(1)
ElEspaol.com
(1)
Eldiario.es (3)
Eldiario.es (3)
30%
30%
10%10%
BuzzFeed
Gmx.de
(18)(20)
Web.de
Web.de
(20) (9)
20%
20%
0%0%
7 16
15
14
18
15
t-online
(20)
t-online
(20)t-online (20)
BuzzFeed (9)
10%
7 10%
14
0%
0%
Spain
Vox (2)
BuzzFeed (9)
Vox (2)
40%
40%
30%
30%
AOL
News
(36)
AOL
News
(25)
USA
7 7
Germany
15 Germany
15
Germany
60%
MSN
News
(20)
MSN
(20)
MSNNews
News
(20)
News
MSN
(20)(20) BuzzFeed (9)
MSN NewsMSN
(20)News
50%
50%
40%
40%
30%
30%
50%
2222
10%
10%
50%
50%
60%
36
18 18
14 14 15 15 16 16
18Spain
16 Spain
Pblico.es (8)
Pblico.es (8)
ElConfidencial.com
ElConfidencial.com
(15)(15)
ElConfidencial.com
(15)
ElConfidencial.com
(15)
Spain
Q5b. Which, if any, of the following have you used to access news in the last week? Q5e. Overall, which is your MAIN source of news when accessing using online
platforms? Base:
= 71/183/337/145/151, US = 78/340/562/369/150. Base:
ElConfidencial.com: Germany = 32/161/267/298/300, Spain = 148/372/290/302/421. Note: The age of each brand was taken from Wikipedia. A Pearsons product moment
correlation was applied to the data from UK, US, Germany and Spain. The test showed that there is a positive linear relationship between age of brand and proportion of users
that said it was their main source: r(31) = .65, p < 0.01.
96
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
97
MOST INTERESTED
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Local news
Science and Technology
International
Politics
Crime and Justice
Business
Health or Education
Environment
60%60%
45%45%
59
51
54
48
43
53
48
30%
30%
24
15%
0%
0%
17
52
42
48
50
46
45
36
31
29
30
47
39
37
15%
59
50
49
30
Sport
47
31
Science
Crime &
Health &
Environment
11
Lifestyle
Security Crime
Education Health & Environment
Politics& Tech Science
& Tech
& Security Education
Female
Female
28
26
Politics
Business
Male
43
slide 106
12
Business
Male
19
Sport
Local news
Health or Education
International
Crime and Justice
Environment
Lifestyle
Science and Technology
Politics
25
15
Celebrity
Lifestyle
Celebrity
International news
Political news
Lifestyle news
Sports news
49
GRE
SPA
DEN
GER
USA
AUT
SWE
UK
FIN
NOR
NLD
CAN
SUI
BEL
TUR
FRA
IRE
POR
ITA
POL
CZE
AUS
BRA
HUN
KOR
JPN
100%
80%
15
17
18
18
16
19
19
19
17
18
19
19
21
18
12
12
12
12
14
16
14
13
14
17
16
15
16
73
17
19
74
71
70
68
68
68
68
68
67
67
66
65
63
63
10
12
14
12
14
14
9
81
11
9
77
12
13
76
74
77
60%
22
22
22
15
16
18
63
62
60
33
34
17
17
50
49
KOR
JPN
26
15
59
slide 108
40%
20%
0%
GRE
SPA
DEN
GER
USA
AUT
SWE
UK
FIN
NOR
NLD
CAN
SUI
BEL
TUR
FRA
IRE
POR
ITA
POL
CZE
AUS
BRA
HUN
Q2_new2016. How interested are you in the following types of news? Base: All who indicated a level of interest in all news topics: Greece = 1972, Spain = 2061, Denmark = 1952,
Germany = 1948, US = 2072, Austria = 1906, Sweden = 1980, UK = 1990, Finland = 1980, Norway = 1970, Netherlands = 1946, Canada = 1962, Switzerland = 1949, Belgium = 1954, Turkey
= 2027, France = 2059, Ireland = 1943, Portugal = 1966, Italy = 2140, Poland = 1915, Czech Republic = 1973, Australia = 1962, Brazil = 1920, Hungary = 1965,
Korea
= 2069, in
Japan
1943
More
interested
soft =news
Same
More interested
in hardARE
news
PROPORTION OF MALES AND FEMALES
THAT
MORE INTERESTED IN SOFT NEWS TOPICS
60%
16
14
14
9
9 in may not
Of course, what people say they are interested
0%
accurately reflect what they actually do. Nonetheless, we
Spain
Germany
USA
UK
observe some differences in consumption among those that
are more interested in soft news. Most noticeably, they are
REUTERS INSTITUTE
FOR
THE STUDY
JOURNALISM
considerably
more
likely
to sayOF
that
social media is their main
source of news. Over one in five of those more interested in
soft news in Spain (21%), Italy (20%), and the United States
(26%) say that social media are their main source of news.
This has a knock-on effect for related aspects of offsite news
consumption, with people who prefer soft news more likely
to watch news video on social media, and more likely to
participate in news coverage. However, this is in part
caused by the fact that younger people in general are
more likely to use social media for news.
44
Female
44
40%
30% 23
23
12
20%
Italy
19
Japan
Spain
14
USA
23
12
Germany
23
19
18
16
14
10%
0%
slide 109
60
Male
50%
40%
UK
Italy
Japan
Q2_new2016. How interested are you in the following types of news? Base: All
males/females who indicated a level of interest in all news topics: Spain = 1009/1051,
Germany = 949/999, US = 1034/1039, UK = 962/1028, Italy = 1018/1121, Japan =
936/1007.
18-24
53
53
25-34
48
50
40%
37
46
44
PROPORTION WITHIN EACH AGE GROUP
THAT ARE MORE
INTERESTED
40
IN
SOFT
NEWS
TOPICS
34
29
60%25
50%
40%
33
28
20 19
Poland
Spain
20
16
Germany
24
17 18 18
UK
20%
0%
23
18 19
13
Spain
18 17
11
45-54
29
24
20
13
USA
19
14 14
8
Germany
17
14
12
10
47
29
39
26
21
21
12
9
UK
36
31
17
6
USA
11
Japan
26 26
21
55+
58
17
30%
10%
35-44
Italy
Japan
Q2_new2016. How interested are you in the following types of news? Base: All 18-24/25-34/35-44/45-54/55+ who indicated a level of interested in all news topics: Spain =
184/366/425/372/714, Germany = 186/275/352/360/777, US = 234/381/374/251/834, UK = 235/281/363/395/717, Italy = 183/317/418/375/846, Japan = 181/328/309/303/822.
98
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
40%
More interested
in hard news
30%
21
11
More interested
in soft news
20
26
20% 11
10
13
21
10%
11 USA
Germany
0%
UK11
Italy
10
Japan
13
Germany
USA
UK
Q2_new2016. How interested are you in the following types of news? Q4. You say
youve used these sources of news in the last week, which would you say is your
MAIN source of news? Base: All those who prefer hard/soft news topics that used
a source of news in the last week: Spain = 1572/243, Germany = 1442/229, US =
1480/270, UK = 1388/311, Italy = 1337/435, Japan = 929/625.
4
Spain
20
Spain
More interested
in hard news
More interested
in soft news
26
30%
20%
0%
99
PROPORTION OF THOSE THAT ARE MORE INTERESTED IN HARD NEWS AND SOFT NEWS TOPICS THAT
SAY SOCIAL MEDIA IS THEIR MAIN SOURCE OF NEWS
40%
10%
Italy
Japan
slide 111
PROPORTION THAT SAY THEY ENGAGE IN SOME FORM OF NEWS PARTICIPATION DURING THE
AVERAGE WEEK
100%
80%
90
90
86
80
79
76
60%
76
74
73
72
72
71
69
69
67
66
66
65
64
64
60
40%
59
58
55
52
40
20%
0%
TUR BRA GRE SPA POR POL
IRE
FIN
UK
Q13. During an average week in which, if any, of the following ways do you share or participate in news coverage? Base: Total sample in each country. Note: News participation
options are share a news story via social media, share a news story via email, rate, like or favourite a news story, comment on a news story on social media, comment on
a news story on a news website, write a blog on a news or political issue, post a news related picture/video to social media, post a news related picture/video to a news
website, vote in an online poll on a news website or social media, take part in a campaign around a news subject, talk online with friends/colleagues about a news story,
talk with friends face-to-face about a news story.
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
PROPORTION THAT SHARED AND COMMENTED ON A NEWS STORY ON SOCIAL MEDIA COMPARED TO
THE PROPORTION THAT USE SOCIAL MEDIA AS A SOURCE OF NEWS
SHARING NEWS ON SOCIAL MEDIA
80%
80%
2014
2014
Use
Usesocial
socialmedia
media
for
fornews
news
2014
2014
Shared
Sharedaanews
newsstory
story
on
onsocial
socialmedia
media
slide 113
60%
60%
2015
2015
2015
2015
Usesocial
socialmedia
media
Use
fornews
news
for
40%
40%
20%
20%
30
30
34
34 34
34
35
35
Sharedaanews
newsstory
story
Shared
onsocial
socialmedia
media
on
31
30 31
30
22 21
22
21
25
25
20
18 20
18
1111
0%
0%
Spain
Spain
Italy
Italy
USA
USA
France
France
14
12 14
12
18
18
UK
UK
20 18
20
18 17
17
Finland
Finland
19 17
17 19
17
17
Denmark
Denmark
2014
2014
2015
2015
2016
2016
2016
2016
2016
2016
13 13
13 12
13
12
Germany
Germany
88 99 99
Japan
Japan
Usesocial
socialmedia
media
Use
fornews
news
for
Sharedaanews
newsstory
story
Shared
onsocial
socialmedia
media
on
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? Q13. During an average week in which, if any, of the following ways do you share or
participate in news coverage? Base: Total 2014-2016 sample in each country
2014
2014
80%
80%
Use
social
media
Use
social
media
forfor
news
news
Commented
onon
aa
Commented
news
story
onon
news
story
social
media
social
media
60%
60%
2015
2015
Use
social
media
Use
social
media
forfor
news
news
40%
40%
32
32
20%
20%
25
25
28
28
25
23
23 25
27
27
Commented
onon
aa
Commented
news
story
onon
news
story
social
media
social
media
22
2121 2121 22
1111
0%
0%
Spain
Spain
Italy
Italy
USA
USA
1515
1818
France
France
UK
UK
Finland
Finland
Denmark
Denmark
2016
2016
1111 1111 1010
Germany
Germany
Use
social
media
Use
social
media
forfor
news
news
66 66 66
Japan
Japan
Commented
onon
aa
Commented
news
story
onon
news
story
social
media
social
media
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? Q13. During an average week in which, if any, of the following ways do you share or
participate in news coverage? Base: Total 2014-2016 sample in each country
2014
2014
2015
2015
2016
2016
100
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
SEGMENTATION C: PARTICIPATION
PROACTIVE
PARTICIPATOR
REACTIVE
PARTICIPATOR
PASSIVE
CONSUMER
31%
21%
101
48%
Talk with friends and colleagues about a news story (face to face)
None of these
Q13. During an average week in which, if any, of the following ways do you share or participate in news coverage? Base: Total sample in each country.
slide 115
39
36
20
26
42
44
39
21
38
46
47
51
53
53
55
50
55
34
57
61
58
59
55
65
64
75
35
22
34
100%
ITA
40
33
19
32
31
21
27
80%
20 IRE
20
POR USA POL HUN
60%
40%
61
22
19
30
33
18
19
29
29
39
36
16
28
44
23
26
39
25
60
48
24
43
20
42
26
21
38
35
27
34
21
25
19
40
25
26
33
ITA
22
32
19
UK
22
31
DEN
19
30
FIN
18
29
Reactive Participators
23
22
46 24 4723 5122 5322 53
20%
0%
16
20
Passive Consumers
13
17
21
55
50
18
Proactive Participators
12
55
44
57
61
58
59
16
20
19
23
22
55
65
64
13
17
21
18
75
13
19
29
16
28
23
26
31
21
25
19
25
24
UK
DEN
22
FIN
23
22
12
13
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
slide 117
56%
To add information
38%
35%
31%
31%
To educate others
29%
29%
To share an experience
27%
22%
20%
To ask questions
20%
20%
18%
15%
To persuade others
14%
10%
Source: https://engagingnewsproject.org/research/survey-of-commenters-andcomment-readers
PROPORTION THAT SAID THEY MOSTLY SHARE NEWS STORIES BECAUSE THEY APPROVE
OF THE COVERAGE
60%
50%
37
55
52
50
52
55
51
50
Mostly disapprove
51
40%
33
30%
13
37
25
10
10% 6
0%
2 8
USA
13 6
Australia
Finland
USA
23
4
10
29
23
28
25
20%
Finland
Mostly approve
29
28
33
Korea
6
Australia
8UK
7
Korea
6
UK
Q13i. You said that you share news content during an average week. Do you tend to do this because you approve or disapprove of the coverage? Base: All who shared a
news story in the last week: Finland = 453, US = 807, Australia = 573, Korea = 380, UK = 487. Note: Those who answered Dont know are not shown.
http://engagingnewsproject.org
94
102
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
103
slide
3.9 118
PAYING
30%
27
20%
20
20
16
10%
15
15
12
12
12
11
10
10
10
SUI
AUS
SPA
USA
IRE
0%
NOR POL SWE
ITA
DEN
FIN
JPN
NLD
BEL
FRA
UK
Q7a. Have you paid for ONLINE news content, or accessed a paid-for ONLINE news service in the last year? (This could be digital subscription, combined digital/print
subscription or one-off payment for an article or app or e-edition). Note: Excludes Korea where a later poll showed online payment at 6% Base: Total sample in each country.
REUTERS
INSTITUTE
THEthe
STUDY
OF JOURNALISM
The above
chart FOR
shows
percentage
that paid
for access
to online news,
slide
119whether in the form of digital subscription,
82
71
60
62
53
40
47
47
43
41
40
40
39
36
20
33
32
32
28
28
26
23
21
13
0
UK
SUI
FIN
SPA
BEL
GER
ITA
IRE
12
POL
OPTQ7bi. How much have you paid for online news content, or for access to a paid for online news service in the last year? Base: All who paid for online news in the last year:
Switzerland = 135, UK = 76, US = 135, Australia = 140, Netherlands = 120, Austria = 87, Sweden = 235, Norway = 284, Finland = 199, Spain = 150, Belgium = 115, Germany = 109,
France = 130, Denmark = 142, Greece = 105, Italy = 242, Ireland = 138, Japan = 161, Canada = 125, Portugal = 95, Hungary = 121, Czech Republic = 98, Poland = 263, Note: Those
who selected Dont know were excluded from the analysis.
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
slide 120
MOSTLY ONE-OFF
PAYMENTS
Denmark
Austria
France
Norway
Germany
Ireland
Sweden
Portugal
Spain
Finland
Netherlands
Poland
UK
Switzerland
Turkey
REUTERS
INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM
Australia
Brazil
slide 121
Belgium
Canada
Japan
Greece
USA
Hungary
Italy
Czech Republic
YEARLY MEDIAN PAYMENT (IN POUNDS STERLING) FOR ONLINE NEWS IN COUNTRIES DOMINATED BY
ONE-OFF AND ONGOING PAYMENTS
100
80
82
60
62
53
28
28
40
20
12
ITA
IRE
43
26
41
40
40
39
33
32
28
28
12
UK
26
SPA
ITA
IRE
104
FURTHER ANALYSIS AND INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
105
slide
122
It is difficult to identify clear patterns in the data that point
PROPORTION OF ONLINE PSB USERS AND NON-PSB USERS THAT PAY FOR ONLINE NEWS
40%
30%
19
20%
19
11
7
6
UK
10%
Denmark
7Austria
0%
UK
11
11
Spain 8
Denmark
19
18
Germany
Austria
18
19
10
8
France
Spain
11
Germany
10
France
Q5b. Which, if any, of the following have you used to access news in the last
week? Q7a. Have you paid for ONLINE news content, or accessed a paid-for
ONLINE news service in the last year? (This could be digital subscription,
combined digital/print subscription or one-off payment for an article or app or
e-edition). Base: Does/Does not use PSB online: UK = 1033/949, Denmark =
965/974, Austria = 1037/900, Spain = 325/1728, Germany = 464/1475, France =
317/1717. Note: Those who answered Dont know at Q5b or Q7a were excluded
from the analysis.
106
ESSAYS
108
110
4.3 People Want Personalised Recommendations (Even as they Worry about the Consequences)
Rasmus Kleis Neilsen, Director of Research, Reuters Institute
112
115
107
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
THE CHALLENGING
NEW ECONOMICS
OF JOURNALISM
Mark Thompson
CEO, New York Times
108
ESSAYS
109
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
WHY TRUST
MATTERS
Ed Williams
CEO, Edelman UK & Ireland
How often do we think about trust in our daily lives? There are
numerous occasions on which we unconsciously test some
experience against the question: is this the right thing for me
to do/buy/eat/believe? Sniffing food before eating it is an
example of an unconscious trust test. Will this ice take my
weight? Do I trust that driver to respect the pedestrian crossing
before I step out? But its rarer for us to test consciously and
deliberately whether we trust something.
One area where it does happen though, and often, is with the
news. In print or on screen, we find ourselves challenging the
veracity of news reports all the time. Life on Mars! screams the
headline. Really? Is that actually Kim Kardashians [insert body
part here]? Do I believe in anonymous sources? Did somebody
pay the newspaper to run this story? Can I trust the journalist,
or the editor, or the proprietor to give me an honest report?
Or do I not care whether the news I see is true or not, just so
long as its entertaining?
110
ESSAYS
111
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
PEOPLE WANT
PERSONALISED
RECOMMENDATIONS
(EVEN AS THEY
WORRY ABOUT THE
CONSEQUENCES)
Rasmus Kleis Nielsen
Director of Research, Reuters Institute
112
ESSAYS
113
PROPORTION
60%
WHO THINK THAT EACH SELECTION METHOD IS A GOOD WAY TO GET THE NEWS
(SELECTED COUNTRIES)
50%
60%
40%
50%
30%
36
36
33
40%
20%
10%
30%
0%
20%
29
23
36
Germany
37
32
23
36
40
37
33
23
24
23
40
37
22
23
Austria
37
17
32
29
23
Spain
Germany
Austria
13
29
24
USA 22
Korea
Spain
20
17
10%
0%
Automatically based
on past consumption
31
29
Korea
UK
Automatically based
on past consumption
31
Automatically based
on friends' consumption
20
13
USA
UK
Q10D_2016a_1/2/3. Please indicate your level of agreement with the following statements: Having stories selected for me by editors and journalists is a good way to get
news/Having stories automatically selected for me on the basis of what I have consumed in the past is a good way to get news/Having stories automatically selected for me on
the basis of what my friends have consumed is a good way to get news. Base: Total sample in each country.
40%
60%
70
70
67
65
61
54
67
65
40%
0%
0%
Spain
Spain
49
60
59
49
20%
UK
UK
59
49
61
54
20%
60
49
USA
USA
44
42
44
51
46
42
43
46
Germany
Germany
44
42
51
44
43
Austria
Austria
45
38
42
45
38
Korea
Korea
Q10D_2016b_1/2/3. Please indicate your level of agreement with the following statements: I worry that more personalised news may mean that I miss out on important
information/I worry that more personalised news may mean that I miss out on challenging viewpoints/I worry that more personalised news will mean my privacy is placed at
greater risk. Base: Total sample in each country
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
114
ESSAYS
115
THE TOPOGRAPHY
OF TRUST: VIEWS
FROM UK NEWS
CONSUMERS
Alison Preston
Head of Digital Literacy, Ofcom
REUTERS INSTITUTE
FOR THE STUDYHABITS
OF JOURNALISM
NEWS
CONSUMPTION
ARE
STRONGLY STRATIFIED BY AGE
slide 126
42
40
40%
42
40%
40%
42
42 40
FIGURE 2
MAIN SO
Breakdown
all
18-24
100%
84
80%
25-34
55-64
65+
60%
40%
42
40
40
35
This essay explores these themes, focusing on the UK data in 35
35
35
27
27
26
26
24
20%
20%
27
27
26 21
order to compare and contrast
the views and
21
21
20
20
19 habits of younger
19
20%
20% 21 17
20%
21
21
20
15
15
6
19
19
14
1420
13 4 4
11
11 14
15
15
10 4 both
10
and older news users.
1 9 10 4
9 10 the quantitative
9 It draws upon
8 2 7 9 10
8
8 42 7 9 102
7
7
79
210
10
10
9
9 1010
9 108
9
0%
0%
7 89
7 9
onlineAnysurvey
and theAny
qualitative
focus
groups carried
out withOnline TV/radio
0%
0%Online pressAny TV Social media
0%
online
TV
Any printed
Radio
Any online
Any printed
Radio
Online TV/radio
Onlin
An
Any online
Any online Any TV Any TV Any printed
Any printed Radio Radio Online TV/rad
Onlin
active news users in a range of countries including the UK.95
Q4. You say youve used these sources of news in the last week, which would
you say is your MAIN source of news? Base: All/18-24s/25-34s/35-44s/4554s/55+ who have used at least one source of news in the last week: UK =
1960/204/194/279/389/894
While the quotes in this essay come from the two groups held in London, wider research findings from the cross-national groups are also included.
95
The Digital News Survey is conducted online and comprises a sample of online news users. Respondents are therefore more likely to use online forms of news than
respondents in face-to-face surveys.
96
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
FIGURE 2:
MAIN SOURCE USED FOR NEWS (Q4)
all
18-24
all
18-24
84
80%
25-34
60%
55-64
65+
62
40%
35
35
42
35
would
45K=
65+
40
24
26 21 26 27
20
24
24
20%
17
21 21
20
6 21 17
19
1420
13174
11 14
6
1 6 13 44 13 4
14 15
8
7
7
11
11 9
210
10
10
10 1
1
9
9
9
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
0%
Online TV/radio
Online press
Social media
Radio
55-64
53 54
26
19
10
2
18-24
25-34
Any online
Online press
Any TV
Any
printed
Radio Online TV/radio
Online
TV/radio
Online
pressSocial media
Social
media
9 10
Radio
Q4. You say youve used these sources of news in the last week, which would
you say is your MAIN source of news? Base: All/18-24s/25-34s/35-44s/4554s/55+ who have used at least one source of news in the last week: UK =
1960/204/194/279/389/894
18-24
all
18-24
25-34
55-64
65+
116
ESSAYS
117
0%
30
28
34
31
30
33
35
Neither/nor
Neither/nor
Neither/nor
35
30
38
36
22
Disagree
Disagree
Disagree
46
38
0% 0%60%
35
35
All 65+
18-24 All
25-34
55-64
65+55-64
All 65+
18-24 All
25-34
55-64
65+55-64
All
All
18-24 All
18-24
25-3418-24
25-34
55-64
25-34
55-64
65+55-64
65+
All
18-24
18-24
25-34
25-34
55-64
65+
18-24
25-34
All
18-24
25-34
55-64
65+ 65+
26
30
Agree AgreeAgree
Disagree
Neither/nor
Agree
51
51
50
40%
44
41
41
Q6_2016_1/2/3. Thinking about news in general,
do you agree or42disagree with the following
statements?: I think you can trust most news most of the time/I think you can trust
35
35
most news organisations most of the time/I think you can trust most journalists most of the time.32
Base: Total
UK = 2024/220/206/438/467
30
29 sample/18-24s/25-34s/55-64s/65+:
29
28
25
20%
0%
All
18-24 25-34
Allcommands
18-24 25-34
The most general statements,
about55-64
news 65+
overall,
the highest levels of agreement, with around half of
respondents agreeing and one in five disagreeing. Younger
age groups are less likely to agree, and 28% of 1824s say they
disagree that news in general can be trusted (see Figure 3).
65+
All
18-24 25-34 55-64 65+
TRIANGULATION
INCREASINGLY NECESSARY
IN BUILDING TRUST
55-64
Similarly, there are some signs that images and video are seen
as more unmediated than text, and therefore more trustworthy.
There has been growth since 2014 in the consumption of video
for online news, from 16% in 2014 to 22% in 2016, although
compared to 2015 (21%) there has been no change.
In qualitative groups, respondents spoke about the value
of being able to see news events unfold, or to watch a
particular interviewee:
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
118
POSTSCRIPT
AND
FURTHER
READING
119
REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016
POSTSCRIPT AND
FURTHER READING
The authors welcome feedback on this report and
suggestions on how to improve our work via
reuters.institute@politics.ox.ac.uk as well as potential
partnerships and support for our ongoing work.
120
121
REUTERS INSTITUTE
REUTERS INSTITUTE
DIGITAL NEWS
DIGITAL
REPORT
NEWS
2016
REPORT 2016
Surveyed by