unit-2

1. (a) Dierentiate between endurance limit and endurance strength.

(b) Determine the diameter of a circular rod made of ductile material with
fatigue strength
of 280 MPa and yield strength of 350MPa. The member is subjected to a
varying axial
load from 700kN to-300kN. Assume Kt=1.8 and FS=2.0
2. (a) Dene `form stress concentration factor' and notch sensitivity.

(b) Determine the size of a piston rod subjected to a total uctuations

between 15KN m.
Compression and 25KN in tension. The endurance limit is 360 MPa and
yield strength
400MPa. The FS=1.5; surface factor =0.88. Stress factor = 2.25
3. (a) What are the various factors inuencing endurance strength.
(b) Find the diameter of a shaft to transmit twisting moments varying from
800 Nm to
1600Nm. The ultimate tensile strength for the material is 600MPa, and
yield stress is
400MPa. Assume the stress concentration factor=1.2; surface nish factor
=0.8 and size
factor =0.85.
5. A hot rolled steel shaft is subjected to a torsional moment that varies from 330 N.m clockwise to 110
N.m counter clockwise and an applied bending moment at a critical section varies from 440N-m to-220 Nm. The shaft is of uniform cross-section and no key way is present at the critical section. Determine the
required shaft diameter. The material has an ultimate strength of 550MN/m 2 and yield strength of
410MN/m2.Take the endurance limit as half the ultimate strength, factor of safety of 2, size factor of 0.85
and surface finish factor of 0.62.
6.
(a)
(b)

Differentiate between endurance limit and endurance strength.

Determine the diameter of a circular rod made of ductile material with fatigue strength of 280 MPa
and yield strength of 350 MPa. The member is subjected to a varying axial load from 700KN to300KN. Assume =1.8 and F.S = 2.0.

7.
a)
(b)
8.
(a)
(b)

Explain stress concentration in detail and various methods to reduce stress concentration in machine
members.
Explain various types of theories of failure.
Briefly explain shear stress and shear strain.
Calculate the diameter of solid shaft to transmit 50KW at 180rpm. If the angle of twist in a length of 4
meters is not to exceed 0.4. The allowable stress in the material is 70MP a and modulus of rigidity is
84 GPa.

.
9. A rod of 20 mm diameter and 400 mm long is subjected to: a weight of 1.2 kN falls through a height of 2 m

end of the rod. Take E = 2.1 x 10 5 N/mm2. (i) Determine the stress induced. (ii) Compare this impact stress
acts as a static load. (iii) How much the rod length is changed so that the impact stress induced is 120 MPa
that the impact stress induced is 120 MPa?

unit-2

10. A short cast iron column of hollow circular section with 250 mm outside diameter and
150 mm inside diameter carries a vertical load of 400 kN acting at a point 100 mm from the
axis of the column. Find (i) the normal and bending stresses induced in the column. (ii) If the
resultant stress, throughout the cross-section is to be compressive what should be the
maximum value of the distance between the axis and the load
11. A cantilever of span 750 mm carries a uniformly distributed load of 6 kN/m. Assume yield
strength of 350 MPa and factor of safety as 3. Find the economical cross section for
cantilever, among: (i) Circular section of diameterd. (ii) Rectangular cross section with depth
twice the width, and (iii) I-section of depth 5 t and flange 4 t, where t is the thickness. Specify
the dimensions and cross-sectional area of the economic section.
12.
(a)
(b)

If a bore is made in a solid shaft in order to reduce its weight by 50%, what will be the percentage redu
Compare the torque carrying capacity of a thin walled circular tube of men diameter D and thic
longitudinally. Also compare the torsional rigidity if the same torque is applied to both these tubes.

13.
(a)
(b)

Write short notes on the selection of factor of safety while designing machine element.
In an elastic material principal stresses are tensile and compressive and ratio being 4:1. Determine the limiting
tension test gives elastic limit of material as 300 N/mm 2. Assume Poissons ratio as 0.3.

14.

A cast iron bracket shown in figure-2.6 carries a load of 10 kN at 45 0 to its centre line. The section A-B is a hollow squa
the permissible tensile stress intensity in cast iron is limited to 12.5 N/mm 2.