AC-DC LCD TV Power Architecture

and
LED Backlight

LCD TV Power Architecture and LED Backlight

LCD-TV Market
Power Reduction Trend
Edge LED LCD TV Backlight

26 to 42 H-V LIPS Reference Design

46/47 Power Reference (PSU) for any Backlight solution

Interleaved Frequency Clamp CrM PFC with NCP1631
Quasi Resonance Valley lock out Flyback Converter with NCP1379
ECO Standby SMPS Solution with NCP1053A

46/47 Backlight solution

LIPS Inverter
Edge LED Driver

Conclusion

LCD-TV Shipments by Size

Source: Displaysearch 2Q 09

Power Reduction Trend

Regulatory reduce power

consumption in active and
standby mode

New technologies focused

on improving efficiency

Source: Sharp

Proposed ENERGYSTAR TV regulations

(V4.0) will lower average power targets

Power consumption reduction ~ - 50% over 2 years

Proposed ENERGY STAR rev4.0 Standards

Very few LCD-TV pass

proposed new standard,
most are Samsung LED

Target Effective Date: May 2010

LCD-TV LED Backlighting

Source: DisplaySearch July 2009

LED TVs is forecast to grow to 20-32% (~64 M#) by 2012

Comparison of LED LCD TV Backlight Options

LED
driver

Merit

Concerns

Edge-lit LED BLU

Direct-type LED BLU

High voltage Boost, buck, linear with Vf

adjustment

Boost or Buck plus Multi-channel

linear

High Power Efficiency

Good system reliability independent
LEDs performance.
Cost down of system
Slim LCD TV

System Noise & EMI

Using lots of external components
(Inductor, capacitor, diode)

Thermal limitations
High system cost due to number
of LEDs and # of Drivers
Picture artifacts

Edge LED > 90% ?

Deep blacks, better contrast

Local dimming
Scanning for higher frame rate
Low power consumption
Complex signal processing

Power Architectures Remain Varied

Signal Power
Flyback
Resonant HB
30 80 W

PFC
CRM
Interleave FCCrM
CCM
70 - 400+ W

ECO Standby
<5W

Backlight Power
Flyback / Resonant HB
24V / 150V+ for LED
HV-LIPS for CCFL / EEFL
50 300 W

Traditional 24 V Backlight and HV-LIPS approach

Thin TV design impacts solutions choices as well

32 HV-LIPS Reference Design

For 32 (highest volume size) with possible extension to 26/42
Available since March 2009
For CCFL ( >> 95% of backlight) with possible extension to EEFL
Single PCB with LCD and Inverter Power Supply

Very Cost effective solution

No extra Standby SMPS
Straightforward CrM PFC

Key ON Semiconductor ICs

NCP1607 as CrM PFC controller
NCP1351 or NCP1219 as Flyback with low power standby mode

LX6503 Microsemi Backlight controller

Full Bridge High Voltage Inverter without High Side Driver (discrete circuit)
Jin balance solution

32 HV-LIPS LCD TV Block Diagram

HV-LIPS LCD TV Complete Solution

12 CCFL
175 mm x 330 mm x 25 mm
All-in-one board with current balancer
Green Point Reference design documentation:
http://www.ONSemiconductor.com/pub_link/Collateral/TND3
60-D.PDF

46/47 Power Reference (PSU)

Higher power LCD-TVs from 40/42 to 52/55
Project focusing on power stage only

ECO standby OFF mode

Interleaved frequency clamp CrM PFC
Up to 70 W Flyback
Up to 200 W for backlight

Low profile design

1st phase: < 13 mm
2nd phase: < 8 mm

46 LCD TV Power Block Diagram

46 LCD TV Power Solution Unit (PSU)

Low Profile design < 13 mm / 17.5 mm total

46 LCD TV PFC Solution

Up to 300 W Interleaved Frequency Clamp CrM
PFC
Better EMI and EMC
Lower Irms for output C
Better for SLIM design
Standard parts (= 32CrM)

New controller NCP1631

Easy SLIM narrow range version

Interleaved FCCrM PFC for > 200 W & SLIM design

PFC Summary

46 LCD TV PFC Schematic

3

BD1
GBU806
Gnd_Lug
CN401

D1
1

L2
200uH

C3

C1
0.47uF
450V

C4

Y 1nF

5
6 *

nc 9
8
7

11 *

50uH

L1

C2
0.47uF
450V
R1
1M

Y 1nF

R2
1M

3
4
10
9
7

6 *

D3

L3Q2

MUR550APF

275V

8.7mH

Q3
BC808-25LT1

R15
1M

CFS28
1

R42

68u

47

R3
X2 1uF

R12

NA

1K

O_UVP

275V
0.065 2 W 5%

C10
NA
R39

1K

INSTALL

1
C11
NA

R11

J106

MMSD4148

R28
1M

8.7mH

C12

Backlight
Input
Power and
Signal

R24
1K5

R30
24K
D8

3
L5

450V

47
R20
1M

CN003
4324-07S
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

450V

R13
1M

10K

R6

68u
C6
+

R7

10K

L4

Q4
BC808-25LT1

R10
1M

R43

1
R9
1M
4

C7
10nF 500V

1
3

D5 MMSD4148

C8
+

D6 MMSD4148
2

Q1 STP9NK50ZFP
2

R8
1M

PFC_OUT

R5
1M

Q2 STP9NK50ZFP

CFS28
1

NTC 2R5

PFC_OUT

X2 100nF

RT1
D2 MUR550APF

L2Q1

R4
1M

L3
200uH

2
1 *

C5

1N5406

FB_PFC

R16 22K
ZCD1_10

R17 150K

R18 150K

R19 150K

IC1

NCP1631

R14 22K

R23 150K
4
5
6

RELAY1
BO_PFC

RELAY2

7
8

C21

C13

Rt

DRV1

OSC

GND

Vcontrol

Vcc

Freq-Fall Back
BO

DRV2
Latch OFF

OVP/UVP

CS

VCC4
PFC-OK

14
R27
47k

13

Q6

12
11

C15

10

100n

1
2

4
3

220n

R29
120K

C19
C17
1nF

C18
220p
R31
20K

R41
270K

O_UVP
R33
39K

Q5
1
BC856ALT1

POWER_BOOST

BC856ALT1

680n

220n

R25
15K

R38
1K

C20
SW1

R26
2K2
2

R22 150K

16
15

10n

C22

R34
10K

NA

R37
1K

R36
10k

R35
0
C16

RELAY SPST
10u 50V
D11 1N4007

R21 150K

PFC-OK

ZCD1

FB

FB_PFC

ZCD2

ZCD1_1

PC001A

SFH817A

F1
FUSE 6A-250V

F2

4R7 1W

Standby_supply
LINE_NEUTRAL

RV5

90-264_VAC_INPUT
TVR10471KSY

FG

CN001
4333-W05ST

FG

FG

+
C24
3.3 uF 400V

C25
3.3 uF 400V

46 LCD TV QR Flyback Solution

Flyback converter
Up to 70 W max
Up to 3 output with 4 A Max

Quasi Resonance Flyback Converter

Reduced EMI
Best safety behaviors

New NCP1379 controller

Valley-lockout system
Variable frequency mode for ultra low power mode
Over current protection with auto recovery internal
timer

46 LCD TV PWM Fixed F Flyback Solution

PWM Fixed Frequency Flyback converter
50 kHz Fixed frequency
Allow natural CCM

New NCP1252 controller

Adjustable switching frequency with skip mode
Adjustable soft start
Over current protection with internal timer

Alternative solution to previous QR mode

Both designs
on the same PCB
with the same switching frequency
with the same key parts

QR Valley lock-out or PWM Flyback SMPS up to 70 W

46 LCD TV Flyback Schematic

T200
750875731
1

PFC_OUT
R251
33K 2W

C200
10n 500V

D201
1N4937
do41d

11

3
P

R252
33K 2W

+
2

C207

D207

C208
N

470u 16V

470u 16V

D205

R203 33k

R207 4R7

+
C217
47u 25V

R213

470u 16V

P
Q201
BC858ALT1

BO

CS

VCC

Q203
STP5NK70ZFP

3
470u 16V

470u 16V

V1

+
8
7

CS

C225

2
Q205
BC858ALT1

Q204
BC808-25LT1

R222
1K

Regulation
V2

10M 2W

R236
4K7

D215
R226 1K

D217

VS-Stby
R227
1K

C230

470nF

R241
R231 16K2

2K2

1
MMSD4148

VS1

VS2

R238
10K

VS2

D219
2_5VREF

VS1
R233
2K49

D221

MMSD4148

R232 6K19

+
R242
2K2

MMSD4148
N

TL431BCLPRA

C232
470u 16V

VS1
Regulation
R228 1K

CN202
4324-03S
1
2
3

Backlight
controller
supply to
Backlight
board

Q207
BC858ALT1

MMSD4148

R237
10K
D216

IC201

VS2

MMSD4148

V1
SFH817A

R223
1K

R255

R209 100

PC101A

D211
MMSD4148

VCC4

SFH817A

C224
470u 16V

Y 1nF

R219
2K2

MBRF20L80CTG

Gnd_Lug
CN403

R221
0.47R 2W
R220
47k

10u 50V

470u 16V

3K3

100n
C216

470u 16V

C215

220p

C218
100p 1KV

1n

2
to220

R218
R249
8K2

VS1
+

C220
N

DRV

C212

10uH
2

C219
N

GND

D210

5
MMSD4148

C211
R211
1K

L202
1

R217 27
4

Regulation

10
9
*

R212
1K

P
C222
N

R215
MJD200 220
DPAK
R216
220

100n

R210
1K

C221
C214

D209
C210
68p

P
+

CS

FB

Q202

D208
MMSD4148

CT

470

ZCD

C213

330p
2

PC101B

R208
2K2

C209
470u 16V

470u 16V
5

VS2
+

ZD201
MMSZ6V8T1
IC200
NCP1379

C206

D206
MMSD4148

C205

ZD200
MMSZ15T1

R206

MMSD4148

10uH

R214
10k

D203

BAV21

470k

L201
1

*
*

PFC-OK

V2

12
6

VCC3

R205
1K

to220
MBRF20L80CTG

CN201
4324-11S
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

Flyback power to
Signal processing
and Audio board

46 LCD TV QR Flyback Waveforms

QR mode with valley lock-out

With valley lock-out for low P
With lower frequency by P Max

Top Trace
Vin = 400 Vdc Pout = 34 W
1.75 A at 42.7 kHz
V max = 572 V

Bottom Trace
Vin = 400 Vdc Pout = 70 W
2.62 A at 39 kHz
V max = 618 V

Valley lock-out is a Key improvement of QR mode

ECO Standby SMPS Solution (1)

Dedicated 5W ECO Power Standby SMPS
Pin < 90 mW for Pout = 40 mW @ 230 Vac
Integrated High Voltage switcher NCP1053A (400 mA
/ 40 kHz Max)
Hysteretic mode improves
Low frequency mode allows DCM
Limited current reduces possible noise issues
Hysteretic, Low Freq & DCM for ECO Standby SMPS

ECO Standby SMPS Solution (2)

Standby relay
Disconnect all parasitic standby load (~100-150
mW @ 230 Vac)
Directly controlled by TV P

Optional ECO ON / OFF switch

Low cost 2A / 10V non-isolated switch
OFF mode: Pin < 20 mW by no load @ 230 Vac

ECO switch provides ON/OFF without Mains switch

ECO Standby SMPS efficiency

80

Efficiency (%)

70
60
50

Efficiency / 230V
40

Efficiency / 120V
30
20
0.03 0.04 0.05 0.10 0.25 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 4.00 5.00

Output Power (W)

OFF mode / no load: Pin < 20 mW @ 230 Vac (15 @ 120 Vac)
Standby / 40 mW Out: Pin < 90 mW @ 230 Vac (86 @ 120 Vac)

ECO Standby SMPS Waveforms

Drain Voltage and Current of

NCP1053A Switcher
200 V/div & 200 mA/div

For 5 V & 1 A = 5 W Output

Left: Hysteretic Burst mode

(100 s/div)

Right: Detailed cycle

(4 s/div)

Top Trace:

90 Vac

Middle Trace: 230 Vac

Bottom Trace: 264 Vac

ECO Standby SMPS Schematic

T100
750871014
3

D101 1N4937

D100
9
8

1
4

L100
1
+

MBR360
7
6

2
10uH

C102

PC100A

470 16V

R101
1K

C101
10p 1KV

R102
30K

SFH817A

VCC3
2

C103
47 25V

1
R105
10K

IC101
TLV431ASN1

R120 0
BAV21

MMSD4148

HV Barrier

R114
2K2

VS-Stby

PC200B

P
+

D102

VCC1
R113 4K7

100 n
1.25VREF

MMSD4148
D105

ON-OFF Switch
"Optional"

VCC2

C106
R104
10K
2

VCC4

CN100
4324-02S

VS-Stby

D104
Q101 BC808-25LT1
3
2

2
1

J100
INSTALL
1

C100
220p 400V

R100
100K 1/4W

Standby_supply

D109 MMSD4148

V1
3

SFH817A

Regulation

D108 MMSD4148

STANDBY

RELAY1
D110 MMSD4148

ZD101

MMSZ5V1T1

RELAY2

VS1

R103 8.2K

GND

PC200A

D106
MMSD4148

GND

R109
10K

R110
1K
D107

GND

R116 1K

R115 1K

BC848ALT1
R118
470

R117
4.7K

C107
10nF

VS-Stby
4

NC Power Drain

VS2

Q103

BC848ALT1

MMSZ15T1

R112
1K

MMSD4148
Q102

POWER_OK

PC001B
SFH817A

SFH817A

ZD102

Q100
BC858ALT1

R111
10K

Control in

R108
4.7K

SFH817A
2

PC100B

D103
MMSD4148

VCC

C105
47u 25 V

R107
4.7K

IC100
NCP1053P44G

R106
470
+
C104
10u 25 V

R119
22K

POWER_OK

VS-Stby

STANDBY

CN101
4324-05S
5
4
3
2
1

Standby power and signal

To Signal processing board

46 Flat TV PSU - Backlight Interface

Interconnection on Power to any Backlight
solutions

400 Vdc / 200 W

PFC OK
5 V and 12 V
Power Good

Separated & Dedicated Backlight solutions

High Voltage LIPS for CCFL / EEFL

High DC Output Voltage HB LLC for LED Driver
Classical 24 Vdc HB LLC
PDP dedicated Power converter

46LIPS Inverter
Higher power LCD-TVs

With extension to 40/42 or 52/55 for both CCFL or EEFL

Follow on of 32 LIPS Reference Design
Full Bridge fixed frequency ZVS with possible synchronization
High efficiency, low EMI and sinusoidal lamp current

Dedicated LIPS module

To be interconnected with 46 Power Ref Design Step 1 < 13 mm
Microsemi Backlight controller LX6503

ON Semiconductor ICs
2 High Side Drivers NCP5111
1 single signal driver transformer

Low profile design

< 13 mm on top of PCB

46 LIPS Inverter Block Diagram

LIPS - High Voltage Back-light Inverter
Full Bridge Inverter
2 x High Side Driver
NCP5111
OFF in Stand-by

Current
balancing
Board

Current
sensing

CCFL
I Lamp regulation
OCP, OVP
PWM 1
PWM 2

Open lamps
protection

Back-light
Controller
LX6503
ON/OFF, Dimming,Synchro

CrM Interleaved
PFC
NCP1631
400 Vdc
OFF in Stand-by

QR Flyback
SMPS
NCP1379
OFF in Stand-by

12 Vdc
5 Vdc
13 Vdc Audio
Power Good

Relay

St-by / ON

Bias
Mains Input
90-264 Vac

Stand by SMPS
NCP1053A

ON/OFF

5 VdcStand-by

Power (PFC + Flyback + Standby SMPS)

LCD TV
Signal
processing
and
Audio
amplifiers

46 LED Backlight Power

Higher power LCD-TVs
With extension to 40/42 or 52/55
HB LLC dedicated to Backlight power
High DC output voltage to power directly LED drivers

Separate / Dedicated LED Power module

To be connected with 46 Power Ref Design step 2 < 8 mm

ON Semiconductor ICs
New NCP1397
New
New LED driver controller CAT4206

Low profile design

< 8 mm on top of PCB (< 12.5 mm total)

Multiple LED Linear Drivers with CAT4026

Up to 6 channels with linear bipolar transistors Linear:

Vf monitoring and supply modulation & control

Dedicated SMPS to support output voltage modulation

46 Linear Edge LED Driver TV Block Diagram

Dedicated
SMPS for
Backlight
with
Modulated
output voltage

46 Linear LED Driver Backlight Solution

Special technologies
PCB size: 250 mm x 165 mm

Ultra SLIM design < 8 mm / 12.5 mm total

HB LLC for Ultra Slim SMPS

Limited number of components
Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS)
Zero Current Switching (ZCS)
Higher power density

High efficiency and EMI friendly for low profile SMPS

Resonant Inductance Location?

External inductance

Benefits:
flexibility
EMI
use resonant coil for OCP
Drawbacks:
cooling
insulation

Internal leakage inductance

Benefits:
insulation
cooling
One component
Drawbacks:
flexibility
EMI + stray flux
window utilization

External resonant coil is better for ultra slim design

Secondary Rectification
Push-pull configuration

Benefits:
voltage drop
Single diodes
Drawbacks:
secondary winding
matching
window utilization
Higher voltage rectifiers

Bridge rectifier

Benefits:
one winding
Lower voltage diodes
Matching
Drawbacks:
Higher losses

Bridge rectifier is better for HV output applications

NCP1397 - LLC Stage Controller

Features:
- operation from 50 kHz up to 500 kHz
- 600 V driver
- Startup sequence via an externally adjustable softstart
- Brown-out protection combined with latch input
- Disable input for ON/OFF control (skip mode)
Benefits for backlight application:
No driver transformer
Simple skip mode
Simple OCP

NCP1397 is cost effective and highly safe solution

New OCP Implementation

Adjustable delayed fault

Short circuit protection with frequency shift
New Double phase current information from auxiliary
winding of resonance coil
Res. Coil aux. winding provides accurate and fast OCP

Output Voltage Modulation

CAT4026 sinks
current from FB
divider to increase
output voltage

Linear LED Drivers impact

Dedicated SMPS to support output voltage
modulation
Does not allow to get added auxiliary voltages for
Audio & Signal processing
Single Output Voltage modulated for Linear Driver

HB LLC Schematic for Linear LED Driver

HB LLC Waveforms

Strong load variation (0 to 100%)

on HB LLC with 100 Hz dimming

Traces:
Top: Output current from 0 to 1
A (0.5 A/div)
Middle: Primary current 2 A/div
Bottom: Output voltage ripple
2 V/div (120 Vdc)

Top picture: 50% dimming

HB LLC works in Burst
Up to 3 Vpeak ripple on Vout

Bottom picture: 5% dimming

HB LLC works in Burst
< 0.5 Vpeak ripple on Vout

Edge-LIT LED Backlighting Trends

LED Light bars vary in configuration

Single LED Strings of High Power (~ 200 V+ , 100 mA+)
Multiple LED Strings (up to 4) of Lower Power (~ 100 V+ ,
50 mA+)

LED Driver solutions must handle from 4 to 16 channels

Existing Large Panel Backlight Solution

Loosely ~100V

For each LED channels!

Advantage: Independent Channel
Efficiency and LED-Fault handling
Loosely regulated input supply
Drawback: Cost and Complexity

Existing LED Driver Backlight Solution

Large-size panel power Module used for 6 Channel Edge-LIT LED TV

Each channel has a Dedicated Driver IC + inductive DC/DC boost + switch
6 Ch = 6 x ( DC-DC Boost +
additional switch )

6 Ch = 6 x Driver IC

Multi-channel Linear Edge-Lit Solution

Cost effective solution to address a wide number of channels

VF Monitoring to dynamically adjusts Anode voltage

Efficiency target range >90%, 94% typ. (varies with LED

mismatch)

Thermal dissipation addressed by external Power BJTs

Address various LED string faults

Linear LED Driver: A cost effective solution for multiple channels

Multi-channel Linear Edge-Lit Solution

6 channel configuration shown

LED-Anode : dynamic adjustment

Fault diagnostics

LED Cathode OVP

LED Cathode regulation ~3 V

External power
devices (low JA)

Multi-channel Linear Edge Driver Schematic

Connection to the 6 Edge LED segments
OVP

UVP

DPAK or TO220FP Power stage

Current sense

Optimized Dynamic LED-Anode Control

'LINEAR' POWER DISSIPATION

TYPICAL EFFICIENCY

100%

20

DISSPATION [WATTS]

200V
100V
EFFICIENCY

95%

90%

85%

15

10

80%
0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

LED STRING MISMATCH [Pk-Pk]

6ch: 200V, 100mA (120W)

12ch: 100V, 50mA (60W)

0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
LED STRING MISMATCH [Pk-Pk]

Efficiency depends on LED string matching

200V LED strings (with 10% mismatch) delivers ~ 94% efficiency
Thermal power dissipation levels : ~ 5 to 10 watt range

V modulation & control to limit overall Power dissipation

LED Channel Current Matching

0.6%

VARIATION vs BASE CURRENT

CHANNEL MATCHING %
1.0%

0.2%

MATCHING %

VARIATION %

0.4%

0.0%
-0.2%
-0.4%
-0.6%
0

2
4
6
BJT BASE CURRENT [mA]

VARIATION % .

0.4%

0.0%
-0.2%
-0.4%

Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4 Ch5 Ch5

-0.5%

CHANNEL

0.2%

0.0%

-1.0%

VARIATION vs LED CATHODE

0.6%

0.5%

Initial channel matching tolerance ~ 0.5%

Variation with BJT Base current : < 0.25%
Variation with Cathode to 30V : < 0.15%
Overall Channel matching less than 2%

-0.6%
3

9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
CATHODE VOLTAGE [V]

Very good current matching < +-2%

Optimized Wide PWM Dimming Range

BRIGHTNESS vs PWM DUTY

CURRENT % [FSB]

100%

No concept limitation
for very short ON
time

CAT4026 Linear
Driver is optimized
for PWM dimming

Strong power
variation managed
directly by SMPS

10%

1%

0%
0%

1%
10%
PWM DUTY CYCLE

100%

Down < 1% for 400Hz PWM dimming

Edge LED Linear Backlighting Summary

Provides reduced total solution cost

VF monitoring minimizes & optimizes power dissipation

Minimizes EMI

Offers competitive Channel to Channel LED matching

Offers competitive wide range PWM dimming with good linearity

Supports Fault diagnostics against Open-LED and Short-LED

modes

The Linear is a easy to design and cost effective solution

Conclusion
Complete roadmap of LCD TV solutions
32 LIPS
A cost optimized solution for CCFL from 26 up to 42
46 Power
Power for any type of Backlight from 40 up to 55< 13 or 8
mm
46 LIPS
< 13 mm with separate LIPS
46 Edge LED
SLIM < 8 mm with separate LED Drivers with very efficient
Linear Edge LED driver solution

Approach
Synergy by re-use solutions, speeding up the design process

For More Information

View the extensive portfolio of power management products from ON

Semiconductor at www.onsemi.com

View reference designs, design notes, and other material supporting

the design of highly efficient power supplies at
www.onsemi.com/powersupplies