CANDIDATE NO(S):

1720

(groupmate:1704,1707,1702,1718)

DATE:

SUBJECT CODE:

SUBJECT NAME:

15/05/2016

IP501208

INDUSTRIAL DESIGN AND HUMAN FACTOR

STUDY PROGRAMME:

NO OF PAGES/APPENDIX:

Msc. Ship design

29/-

BIBL. NO:

SUPERVISOR(S):

Birger Sevaldson

TITLE:
Exam project

ABSTRACT:
In this project ,The system oriented design method has been used to design ship bridge for
future .Many different methods has been used in order to achieve that, including: Giga
mapping,pro et contra analysis and etc

This project is handed in for evaluation and accreditation at NTNU in Aalesund

Table of Contents
1 Introduction (frame of reference) ............................................................................................................. 1
2 Group Delivery ........................................................................................................................................... 2
Giga-Mapping-manual .............................................................................................................................. 2
Giga-Mapping-Digital ................................................................................................................................ 3
Systemic relation between bridge and other sections ............................................................................. 4
ZIP analysis for Bridge ............................................................................................................................... 5
Zoom point 1(General-Arrangement) ....................................................................................................... 6
Zoom point 2(Rules and Regulation) ........................................................................................................ 7
Zoom point 3(Navigation) ......................................................................................................................... 8
Timeline for PSV ........................................................................................................................................ 9
Impact and threshold analyses and idea evaluation .............................................................................. 10
P-points ................................................................................................................................................... 11
Developing of I points ............................................................................................................................. 14
I-point 1- line of sight improvement ................................................................................................... 14
I-point 2- Holographic visualization .................................................................................................... 15
I-point 3(People and Safety) ............................................................................................................... 16
3 Individual delivery .................................................................................................................................... 17
Holographic table table in bridge ........................................................................................................... 17
Systemic impact (leverage) ..................................................................................................................... 19
Time-line for developing holographic table in Ship Bridge ..................................................................... 20
Thresholds analysis for holographic table .............................................................................................. 20
Synergies ................................................................................................................................................. 21
Counter effects (unwanted and counter intuitive effects) ..................................................................... 22
Resilience ................................................................................................................................................ 23
Scenario 1............................................................................................................................................ 24
Black Swans condition (Losing connection to all switch-boards) ............................................................ 25
Pro et Contra analyses. ........................................................................................................................... 26
SWOT analysis ......................................................................................................................................... 27
Backing to synergies................................................................................................................................ 28
Backing to Giga-map ............................................................................................................................... 29
4 Discussion of project ................................................................................................................................ 29
References .................................................................................................................................................. 30
2

1 Introduction (frame of reference)

In today world, many field of science, art and have taken the systematic way to develop new ideas and improve existing one, like: System
dynamics, System engineering and etc. One other field that it is beneficial to have this approach is design, although great level of addressing the
complexity is needed when one is taking system thinking approach to give holistic view of the idea.
This project deals with System Oriented Design approach. The main mission of Systems Oriented Design is to build the designers own
interpretation and implementation of systems thinking so that systems thinking can fully benefit from design thinking and practice and so that
design thinking and practice can fully benefit from systems thinking (Birger Sevaldson, SOD in a nutshell).

Ideas
Relation

Figure 1- Micro (not Giga) mapping of SOD thinking!

The final goal is to design an idea of or for a ship bridge for the future.

2 Group Delivery
Giga-Mapping-manual

Figure 2 - Manual Giga-Map of Ship Bridge

Giga-Mapping-Digital

Figure 3-Digital Gigamap of Ship Bridge

Systemic relation between bridge and other sections

Figure 4 Systemic relation (Structural, Semantic, Social)

ZIP analysis for Bridge

Figure 5-ZIP analysis

5

Zoom point 1(General-Arrangement)

Figure 6- the relation between GA and how it affects the crews, maneuvering, DP controller, Navigation

Zoom point 2(Rules and Regulation)

Figure 7- How rules and regulation can change and affect bridge design (Criteria affecting bridge design)

Zoom point 3(Navigation)

Figure 8 Navigation zoom map

Timeline for PSV

Figure 9 This time line shows the schedule time of operation and machinery and intensity of their usage (shown by colors) during a typical mission
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Impact and threshold analyses and idea evaluation

Figure 10-threshold and impact analysis

10

P-points

Figure 11 Improving Line of sight, consequently affects directly the 4 above area (pink boxes)

11

Figure 12- Investigating 4 type of communication on ships, their relation can enhance communication better, therefore it can be consider as an
important potential point
12

Figure 13- this p-point demonstrate how information between is exchange between Crew and Equipment exist in ship bridge
Subdivided into 3 level to investigate more detai
13

Developing of I points
I-point 1- line of sight improvement

Figure 14- Using Aluminum Oxnitride (transparent ceramic) for framing of the bridge, instead of conventional one, which obstruct the view

14

I-point 2- Holographic visualization

Figure 15-Different section affected by holographic table

15

I-point 3(People and Safety)

Figure 16 -The Different area that safety of people is involved (operations), the rules concerning these, and type of hazards.

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3 Individual delivery
Holographic table table in bridge
Considering the pace of today technology this innovative idea is not far-fetch or unrealistic, there are many project nowadays going on about
this technology , Magic leap is an example ,using Using our Dynamic Digitized Lightfield Signal, imagine being able to generate images
indistinguishable from real objects and then being able to place those images seamlessly into the real world.
This table in middle of the ship bridge can change many things inside the bridge:
1-Many display are can be removed
2-All crew can use one 3D-virtual object
3-Lot of open space can be provided inside the bridge
4-awareness of machinery and system condition can be enhanced

Figure 17- Hologram Table Experiment Preview (www.videocopilot.net)

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The model below has been rendered in Blender and show the holographic table in Ship bridge (The animation file for this has been attached).

Figure 18-Holographic table Model done in blender

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Systemic impact (leverage)

Figure 19-Ripple effect for holographic table

19

Time-line for developing holographic table in Ship Bridge

Thresholds analysis for holographic table

Field

Weight

Economic
Technological
Cultural
Organizational
Psychological
Architectural
Functional

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Synergies
The combination of LCD display and holographic table will create a power synergy to demonstrate the existing situation and needed reaction and
response can be done faster and more effectively. Orchestration threshold is so low because it is easy to combine information in these systems

Figure 20-Synergies and orchestration effect

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Counter effects (unwanted and counter intuitive effects)

Short term: Interfering with other system, changing the habits of crew and also rules and regulation
Long term: Too technological for marine industry as it is a very slow developing industry
Counter effects between intervention and existing system: Synchronization might be a problem
Counter effects between interventions: processing speed is a problem as it is Highly Digitalized equipment, it needs powerful processors, this
need technology to improve, until then it can be a negative feature.

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Resilience

Figure 21-Resilience and orchestration effect

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Worst case scenario

Scenario 1
Using vulnerable electronic equipment in a rough industry need protection .especially as it is going to be used as a main controller of the ship
operations .In this scenario a heavy object fell on the holograph table LCD .There are 2 option to counteract this accident : 1-make a resist proof
screen on table and create a safe guard around table, 2-Auxillary LCD

Worst case scenario (Hologram table damage)

Scenario 2
The 3D virtual controllers do not work, In this case having an auxiliary controller system on other screens or manual one make this system more
resilient.

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Black Swans condition (Losing connection to all switch-boards)

One smaller conventional controller must exist (with rudder and physical buttons) in this case that all urgent operation can be controlled by that
system. It must be connected to all switchboards in order to increase resilience of system. In case of losing connection fuse 1 activate the Auxiliary
panel to control the operation. In case fuse 1 is also not working, fuse 2 activated and that is straightly connected to auxiliary panel.

Auxiliary line 1

Black Swans scenario

Switchboard
s

Auxiliary panel

Fuse 1

Holographic
table

Auxiliary line 2

Fuse 2

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Pro et Contra analyses.

Pro argument

Counter argument

Holographic technology is practical to be used in ship bridge

Holographic technology is too science fictional

Holographic technology is beneficial in comparison to conventional

LCD

Holographic technology is too expensive to be implemented

Holographic technology is trustworthy to use

Holographic technology does not worth investment

Holographic table provide more open space in bridge

Just a fancy table!

The table is easy to installed in bridges

Might be distractive for crew

1-pro: Holographic technology is beneficial in comparison to conventional LCD

1-1Pro: it is beneficial in many ways including: removing the excessive number of LCDs, giving holistic view of situation
1-2-Counter: there is no advantage in using holograph table instead of LCD
1-1-1 Pro: Decrease distraction, all operators can work on one object in different view
1-1-2 Counter: no argument.!
1-2-1 pro: the existing ship are operating well enough, no need to renew
1-2-2 counter: always there is benefit in new system, 3D view, give better understanding of situation than 2D

2-counter: Holographic technology is too science fictional

2-1Pro: the technology is related to 50 years from now
2-2 company now are developing this concept (Magic leap Company) (it is maximum 10 years from now)

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SWOT analysis
Strength

weakness

Intellectual property

Delicate and fragile

Automatic

Need time for technology to improve

Hi-technologic

Distance from main market

Strong visualization tool

Need additional equipment

Opportunities: using IT and electronic INDUSTRY potential to improve the concept

Threat: Rejection of technology by shipowners
Step to be taken:
1-Strength: building on intellectual property automatization, using hi-tech tool to elaborate the effectiveness of the equipment, add feature to
increase the visualized efficiency of it.
2-addressing weakness: Increase the resistance of table against shocks and collision, collaborate with electronic companies, do marketing more
in public for holograph, try to compact the equipment
3-considering opportunities (mentioned above)
4-Gaurding against threat: advertising holographic technology, to make it more tangible

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Backing to synergies
After Referring back to synergies map and investigating the SWOT analysis we can define more synergies between holographic table and other
eqipmemnt:
-Hol.table and rudder
-Hol. Table and additional equipment necessary for its operation (maybe the can be compact in one package)
-Installing Hol.table in other part of the ship like (switchboard room and...) in order to improve communication between captain and crew

Figure 22-redefining synergies for between hol.table and other section

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Backing to Giga-map
All analysis are finished and now we can come back to Giga map and define more relations that were missed in the first map,these relation need
to be included after analysis :
Marketing for this intervention need to be done in marine industry
Using material proper for marine usage
Automatization of the equipment
Collaborating with artificial intelligence companies
These need to be added to giga map and redefine some relation (due to lack of time this has not been done here)

4 Discussion of project
The system oriented design method form designers mind in a way that by using this method they can design most holistic and complex system in
a systematic way. This is advantageous tool for most of them and surely their fault will be reduced as they are considering every single object
related to their design.
There are always reluctances to implementing new technology .The history has showed us when some new idea just come to human mind, it
means that they can also come to reality and physical world.
Although Holographic technology is in its initial steps, the pace of improving the technology is such fast that, it can be used in near future in
many social media and industries.

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References
(Ati, 2015; Contact, 1997; Germanischer Lloyd SE, 2008; Ghuloum, 2010; Horimai & Horimai, n.d.; Masroeri, 2016; On et al., 2000; Saniz, 2014;
Sevaldson, Paulsen, Stokke, Magnus, & Strmsnes, 2011; Ship Security Bridge Vulnerability Study, 2014; Symposium et al., 2012)Ati, G.
(2015). N vigator, (08).
Contact, M. (1997). Unit 36 COMMUNICATIONS AT SEA, 18.
Germanischer Lloyd SE. (2008). Rules for classification and construction ship technology.
Ghuloum, H. (2010). 3D Hologram Technology in Learning Environment The Historical Background of ICT in Education. Proceedings of
Information Scientce & IT Education Conference (InSITE), 693704.
Horimai, H., & Horimai, D. (n.d.). Full-Color 3D Display System with 360 Degree Horizontal Viewing Angle, 36.
Masroeri, A. (2016). Integrated Design of Bridge Deck Based on Ergonomics Rules towards One Man Control Bridge. British Journal of Applied
Science & Technology, 13(3), 110. http://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2016/21887
On, G., Criteria, E., Bridge, F. O. R., Maritime, T., Committee, S., Criteria, E., Governments, M. (2000). I:\CIRC\MSC\982.doc, (July 2002).
Saniz, R. (2014). An introduction to the. Group.
Sevaldson, B., Paulsen, A., Stokke, M. M., Magnus, K., & Strmsnes, J. K. (2011). Systems Oriented Design in Maritime Design. Systems
Engineering in Ship and Offshore Design Conference. 2012, (March), 1326.
Ship Security Bridge Vulnerability Study. (2014), (October).
Symposium, I. D., International, D., Harmony, M., Mind, Y., Free, F., & Annals, B. (2012). Deck Department Leadership Through Bridge Team
Management, 23(1), 509512.

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