1.

2.

3.

4.

Define organization.
Organisation is a mechanism or structure which helps the activities to be
performed effectively. the organization is established for the purpose of
achieving the business objectives.
what do you understand by effective organization.
effective organisating focuses on finding mistakes in present organizing and
avoiding such mistakes by a proper planning. effective organizing avoids the
organizational inflexibility and it makes the staff work effectively by avoiding
conflicts by clarification.
Enumerate the advantages of functional organization grouping.
since a foreman is responsible for one function, he can perform his
duties in a better manner.
this organization structure makes use of specialists to give expert
advice to workers.
it relives line executives of routine, specialized decisions which are
sometimes bore some.
what are the limitation of matrix organization structure.

since the used of matrix means, the use of multiple commands, managers
often ends up with conflicts.
the organizational relationship between very complex and there is a great
combustion among personnel.
matrix structure may be expensive. The dual chain of command may cause
management cause management costs to double.
5.

6.

Define the term scalar chain

The chain of superiors ranging from top management to bottom
management is called scalar chain.
what is meant by formal & informal communication.

formal communication flows through a proper channel. it refers the way

in which the information is sent and it has a recognized position in
organizational structure. it also named as through proper channel
informal organization is an organization which establishes the
relationship on the basis of members interaction, communication,
personal likings and disliking, and social contacts within as well as
outside the organization.
7.

8.

what is span of control?

span of control means the number of people managed effectively by a single
superior in an organization. The term span of management is also known
as span of supervision
span of authority and span of responsibility.But the span of
management is a better term because control and supervision are elements
of management.
Define line and staff authority.
Line authority is the direct authority which a superior exercises over a
number of subordinates to carry out orders and instructions. In organization
process, authority is delegates to the individual to perform the activities.
staff authority is the relationship between a staff manager and the line
manager with whom he works depends in part on the staff duties.
9.what is functional departmentation.

under functional departmentation, the activies are grouped on the basis of

functions which are to be performed. each department head is responsible
for the respective departments .f or example, all problems in the marking of
the product or serive are the responsibility of marketing manager, who has
under him, specialists in this area. since, the people have similar
backgrounds and similar interests, it gives a rise to specialization which
makes man power utilization more efficient.
10.what is decentralization.
if the power is fully distributed to the subordinates of the organization, it is
called decentralization.
11. what is meant by delegation of authority.
delegation of authority is a process which enables a person to assign works
to others and delegate them with adequate authority to do it.
12.Define staffing.
staffing is the part of the management process which is concerned with
procurement, utilization, maintained and development of a large satisfied
work force in the organization.
13. write the differences between recruitment and selection
s.no
1.
2.

Recruitment
It is one step process.
It is only finding, developing the sources of
employees attraction them to apply for
jobs.

selection
It involves several steps.
It is due process of finding o
the job out of the recruitme

14. List down the different types of training.

one the job training
job rotation.
Apprenticeship and coaching
Committee assignments.
Experience
temporary promotions.
off the job training
lecture
seminars
case studies
15. What is career development?
career development can be defined as an ongoing process by which
individual progress through a series of stages each of which is characterized
by a relatively unique set of issues, themes or taks.
16 marks
16.(i) Describe the process of organizing and it importance(8)
grouping of necessary to attain objectives,the assignment of each grouping to a
manager with authority with authority necessary to supervise it and the provision for
the coordination horizontally and vertically in the enterprise.
nature of organization
common objectives
specialization or division of labour

authority of structure or chain of command

it concentrates more on the performance of jobs but not on the individuals

performing the jobs.

group of persons.
advantages of formal organisaiton
coordination
communication

definite boundary of each worker is clearly define, the conflict among the workers is
automatically reduced.

environments

information organization

rules and regulations.

relation ship on the basis of members interaction,communication,outside the

organization.

process of organization
determination of actives
grouping of activities
assignment of duties
delegation

of authority

establishment of structural relationshiop.

coordination of activities
pupose or importance of organization

characteristics of informal organization

it arises without any external
it is created on the basis of some similarity among the members
information organization has no place in the organization chart.
it has no structure and definiteness to the informal organization.
advantages
different between informal and formal organization.

to facilitate behavior
to increase the efficiency of management
to facilitate growth and diversification

17. Explain line and functional organizational structures with their advantages and
limitations. (16)

to ensure optimum use of man ad material resources.

``organization structure: is the formal pattern of interactions and coordination

designed by management to link the tasks of individuals and groups in achieving the
organizational goals.

to facilitate coordination and communication

functional structure

to permit optimum use of technology innovation

the functional structure I sthe most popular organizational structures in the business
world because it is basic and it makes sense.

to simulate creativity and initiative

ii)Explain how formal organization is different from informal organization.(8)
classical hierarichcal structure in which position,
responsibility,authority,accountability,and line of command are clearly defined and
established.it is a communication, coordination and delegation of authority.
characteristics
it is properly planned.
it is based on the principle of division of labour and efficiency in operations.

production,marketing,finance,R& D and human resources are common grouping

within a functional structure.
CEO

president

production department
department

marketing deparment

finance

personnel department

informal interview
formal interview

advantages:

planned interview

well defined

depth interview

faster estability

patterned interview

improves the productivity by minimizing duplication of personnel and equipment.

stress interview

disadvantages:

group interview

it results the narrowed perspectives

panel interview

authority is more centralized.

communication and collaboration

19.(i) What do you mean by performance appraisal? Discuss its need and importance
in an organization. (16)

create line and staff conflict

managers experiences in only their own field.

process management is process by which managers and employees work together to

plan,monitor and review an employees work objectives and overall contribution to
the organization.

18.(i) Explain the technique of job design.(8)

to improve management development
job design is usually broad enough to accomandate peoples needs and desires.
to improve employees performance
to meet the organizational requirements such as higher productivity, operational
efficiency,quality of product of servie.

to find out individual potential identification

three design

to plan for the workforce

job enlargement

to improve the effective communication

job rotation

barriers or performance appraisal system

job enrichment

faulty assumptions

(ii)Explain selection and recruitment process (8)

psychological barriers.

selection is the processs which enables the enterprise to pick up the candidates with
the required qualification, training and skill for thejob after careful screening and
rejecting the undesirables at each successive step.

halo effect

selection process

essentials of effective appraisal

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

screening application
tests
preliminary interview
medical examination
final interview
approval
placement.

final interview

personal prejudice

methods of performance appraisal

1.
2.

trait based appraisal

appraisal by results.

20.(i)Explain any four methods of performance appraisal(8)

1.trait based appraisal

2. appraisal by results

individual careers

trait based appraisal

organization careers

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

job knowledge
leadership skill
analytical competence
judgment ability
initiative
loyalty
graphic scale method
ranking method
grading method
forced distribution method
checklist method
critical incident method
grop appraisal

(ii)Explain career planning and management.(8)

series of jobs or positions held thoughout an individuals working life time

career development=career planning+career development

caree r stages
exploration stages
establishment stages
midcareer stage
late career stage
decline stage