MAJOR TYPES OF ASPHALT

1. Rolled Asphalt
Made of aggregate, or solid materials such as
sand, gravel, or recycled concrete, with an
asphalt binder.
Used to make roads and other surfaces, such as
parking lots, by being applied in layers and
compacted.

ROLLED ASPHALT
Types of Rolled Asphalt

Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete (HMAC)

Warm Mix Asphalt Concrete (WAM or WMA)
Cold Mix Asphalt Concrete
Cut- Back Asphalt Concrete

Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete (HMAC)

Produced at 320F (160C)

This high temperature serves to
decrease viscosity and moisture
during the manufacturing process,
resulting in a very durable material.
It is most commonly used for hightraffic areas, such as busy highways
and airports.
Hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement as
it is more commonly called, refers
to the bound layers of a flexible
pavement structure

Warm Mix Asphalt Concrete (WAM or WMA)

Reduces the temperature
required for manufacture
by adding asphalt
emulsions, waxes, or
zeolites.
Benefits both the
environment and the
workers, as it results in
less fossil fuel
consumption and
reduced emission of
fumes.

Cold Mix Asphalt Concrete

The asphalt is emulsified in
soapy water before mixing it
with
the
aggregate,
eliminating the need for high
temperatures altogether.
The resulting material is not
nearly as durable as HMAC
or WAM
Typically used for low traffic
areas or to patch damaged
HMAC.

Cut- Back Asphalt Concrete

The least environmentally friendly option, resulting
in significantly more air pollution than the other
forms.
It is produced by dissolving the binder in kerosene or
another lighter fraction of petroleum prior to mixing
with the aggregate, reducing viscosity while the
concrete is layered and compacted. The lighter
kerosene later evaporates, leaving a hardened
surface.

MAJOR TYPES OF ASPHALT

2. Mastic Asphalt

Also called sheet asphalt.

Lower bitumen content than the rolled asphalt.
Used for some roads and footpaths.
Used also in roofing and flooring
Stone mastic asphalt (SMA) -. Its benefits include
an anti-skid property and the absence of air
pockets, but if laid improperly, it may cause
slippery road conditions

What is a Tack Coat?

A tack coat is sprayed on the surface of an
existing asphalt or concrete pavement by a
distributor truck immediately prior to placing an
overlay.
The goal is to achieve uniform coverage over the
entire surface to be paved.

ITEM 300 Aggregate Surface Course

Material Requirements: The aggregate shall
consist of hard, durable particles or fragments of
stone or gravel and sand or other fine mineral
particles free from vegetable matter and lumps
of clay or likes, that it can be compacted readily
to form a firm, stable layer. It shall conform to
the grading requirements when tested by
AASHTO 11 and T 27.

ITEM 300 Aggregate Surface Course

Surface Course Thickness and Tolerances:
The aggregate surface shall be laid to the designed
level and transverse slopes shown on the plans. The
allowable tolerances are as follows:

ITEM 301 Bituminous Prime Coat

Material Requirements: Bituminous material
shall be either Rapid Curing (RC) or Medium
Curing (MC) Cut-back Asphalt, whichever is
called for in Bill of Quantities. It shall conform to
the requirements of Item 702 (Bituminous
Materials). The type and grade shall be specified
in the Special Provisions.

ITEM 301 Bituminous Prime Coat

Surface Condition: Prime coat shall be applied
only to surfaces which are dry or slightly moist.
No prime coat shall be applied when the
weather is foggy or rainy.
Equipment: The liquid bituminous material shall
be sprayed by means or pressure distributor (not
less than 1000L in capacity), mounted on
pneumatic tires of such width and number that
the load produced on the road surface will not
exceed 1 kN per cm width of tire. The tank shall
have a heating device (up to 180C without
overheating.

ITEM 302 Bituminous Tack Coat

Material Requirements: Bituminous material
shall be either Rapid Curing (RC) Cut-back or
Emulsified Asphalt, whichever is called for in Bill
of Quantities. It shall conform to the
requirements of Item 702 (Bituminous
Materials). The type and grade shall be specified
in the Special Provisions.

ITEM 302 Bituminous Tack Coat

Application of Bituminous Material:
Tack coat shall be applied only to surfaces which
are dry or slightly moist.
Before applying the tack coat, the full width of
the surface to be treated shall be cleaned of loose
and foreign materials.
Where required by the Engineer, immediately
prior to the application of the tack coat, the
surface shall be lightly sprayed with water but not
saturated.
Traffic should not be allowed on a tack coat, to
avoid getting dust and dirt on the surface.

Other Surface Courses (Part E of DPWH bluebook)

Bituminous Seal Coat

Bituminous Surface Treatment
Bituminous Penetration Macadam Pavement
Bituminous Road Mix Surface Course
Bituminous Plant-Mix Surface Course
Cold Asphalt Plant-Mix
Bituminous Plant-Mix
Bituminous Concrete Surface Course
Portland Cement Concrete Pavement

Asphalt Road Inspection

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3-tSnV2tSrw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qsh5uwW9_
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZKlDDaCIW
8

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