Eco-indicator 99

A quantitative LCA method

Based on Spreadsheets from FutureSME, modified for the 5th edition of The M
Introduction to the Tool

What is the purpose of the tool?

What are the benefits of the tool?

How does this tool work?

Eco-indicator 99 is a quantitative LCA method meant to identify

environmental impacts of a product or to compare one existing
current product with new development options. The Eco-Indicat
LCA; it uses a weighting method to transform the LCA results in
eco-indicator (measured in mPt).

Eco-Indicator 99 provides a standard indicator value for a large

materials and processes. Data have been collected in advance f
materials and processes and indicators were calculated from the
number that represents the environmental impact of a material/
an LCA.

1.Fill in or copy the <form>. If you copy it, keep the copy in th
2.Identify the goal of your study e.g. a study to identify the hig
so that you can re-design your product to be more environment
3. Identify the scope: product functionality, functional unit, ma
processes associated with the product)
4. Identify inputs and outputs of each process and fill out the
5. In the first column on the form, a pull-down allows you to ch
6. Tthe second column allows you to choose a class detail. On
indicator values are automatically filled in.
7. You enter the amount of resource used.
8. The results are automatically calculated.

Worksheets

<Form> a blank form for the Eco-Indicator

<Coffee pot> the form filled in for the coffee pot example
<Lists> The structures for the pull down lists
<Table> a table of points for each indicator taken from the EI99 Manual http://www.

References:
PrConsultants (2000) Ecoindicator 99, Manual for Designers: A damage oriented method for Life Cycle Impact Assessment, M
and the Environment, Netherlands.

http://www.pre-sustainability.com/download/manuals/EI99_Manual.pdf

th edition of The Mechancial Design Process

ool

method meant to identify the most important

r to compare one existing product with another or a
t options. The Eco-Indicator 99 method is a simpler
ansform the LCA results into a single score called the

indicator value for a large number of frequently used

een collected in advance for the most common
s were calculated from these. The eco-indicator is a
ental impact of a material/process based on data from

opy it, keep the copy in the same workbook.

a study to identify the highest environmental impact
ct to be more environmentally friendly
onality, functional unit, material flow diagram (all
t)
ch process and fill out the Eco-indicator form
pull-down allows you to choose a class.
choose a class detail. Once chosen the units and
lled in.
used.
ulated.

EI99 Manual http://www.pre-sustainability.com/download/manuals/EI99_Manual.pdf

Life Cycle Impact Assessment, Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning

Eco-Indicator 99 modified for The Mechanical Design Process, 5th

Edition Project
Product or component
Date

Author

Notes and conclusions

Production
Materials, treatments, transport and extra energy
Material or
process class

Material or
process detail

Units

Amount

Indicator

Total [mPt]
Use
Transport, energy and possible auxiliary materials
Use class

Use detail

Amount

0.00

Measure
unit

Indicator

Total [mPt]
Disposal
Disposal processes for each material type
Disposal class

Disposal detail

Result
(mPts)

Result
(mPts)

0.00

Amount

Measure
unit

Indicator

Result
(mPts)

Total [mPt]

0.00

Total [mPt] (all phases)

0.00

Eco-Indicator 99 modified for The Mechanical Design Process, 5th

Edition Project
Product or component
Coffee Machine
Example
Date
Author
18-8-2013
Ullman
Notes and conclusions
Analysis of a coffee machine. Assumption: 5 years use, 2 x day, half capacity, keep hot for
30
minutes
Production
Materials, treatments, transport and extra energy
Material or
Material or
process class
process detail
Paper_Glass
Paper
Plastics
PS (HIPS)
Plastics_processing Injection moulding
1
Non_ferro_metals Aluminium 0% Rec.
Metals_processing Extrusion
aluminium
Ferro_metals
Steel
Paper_Glass
Glass (white)
Heat
Heat gas (industrial
furnace)

Units

Amount

kg
kg
mPts

7.30
1.00

96.0
360.0
21.0

701
360
21

kg
kg

0.10
0.10

780.0
72.0

78
7

kg
kg
MJ

0.30
0.4
4

86.0
58.0
5.3

26
23
21

Total [mPt]
Use
Transport, energy and possible auxiliary materials
Use class
Use detail
Units
Electricity
Electricity USA
kWh
Total [mPt]
Disposal
Disposal processes for each material type
Disposal class
Disposal detail
Units
Waste
Waste PS
kg
Waste
Waste Steel
kg
Waste
Waste Glass
kg
Waste
Waste Paper
kg
Total [mPt]

Indicator

Result

1237

Amount
Indicator
419
22.0

Result
9218
9218

Amount

Result

1
0.4
0.4
7.3

Indicator
2.0
-5.9
2.2
0.7

Total [mPt] (all phases)

2
-2
1
5
6

10461

See

http://www.contextures.com/xlDataVal02.html
for how to make dependent dropdowns

Purpose
Name

Material or Process
MAP
Ferro_metals
Non_ferro_metals
Metals_processing
Plastics
Plastics_processing
Rubbers
Paper_Glass
Heat
Solar
Electricity
Transport

Use
Heat
Solar
Electricity
Transport

Disposal
Recycling
Incineration
Landfill
Waste

Ferro_metals

Non_ferro_metals

Cast iron
Converter steel
Electro steel
Steel
Steel high alloy
Steel low alloy

Aluminium 100% Rec.

Aluminium 0% Rec.
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Nickel enriched
Palladium enriched
Platinum
Rhodium enriched
Zinc

Metals_processing

Plastics

Plastics_processing

Bendingaluminium
ABS
Blow foil extrusion PE
Bendingsteel
HDPE
Calandering PVC foil
BendingRVS
LDPE
Injection moulding 1
Brazing
PA 6.6
Injection moulding 2
Cold roll into sheet
PC
Milling,turning,drilling
Electrolytic Chromium platPET
Pressure forming
Electrolytic galvanising
PET bottle grade React.Inj.Moulding-PUR
Extrusion aluminium
PP
Ultrasonic welding
Milling, turning, drilling
PS (GPPS)
Vacuum-forming
Pressing
PS (HIPS)
Spot weldingaluminium PS (EPS)
Shearing/stampingaluminPUR energy absorbing
Shearing/stampinsteel PUR flexible block foam
Shearing/stampingRVS PUR hardfoam
Sheet production
PUR semi rigid foam
Band zinc coating
PVC high impact
Hot galvanising
PVC (rigid)
Zinc coating (conversion PVC (flexible)
PVDC

Rubbers

EPDM rubber

Paper_Glass

Heat

Packaging carton Heat

Paper
Heat
Glass (brown)
Heat
Glass (green)
Heat
Glass (white)
Heat
Heat
Heat
Heat

Solar

coal briquette (stove)Electricity

coal (industrial furna Electricity
lignite briquet
Electricity
gas (boiler)
Electricity
gas (industrial furnace)
oil (boiler)
oil (industrial furnace)
wood

Electricity

facade m-Si
facade p-Si
roof m-Si
roof p-Si

Electricity USA
Electr. MV Europe
Electr. LV Europe
Electricity LV Aust
Electricity LV Bel
Electricity LV Swi
Electricity LV Grea
Electricity LV Fran
Electricity LV Gre
Electricity LV Italy
Electricity LV the
Electricity LV Port

Transport

Recycling

Delivery van <3.5t

Recycling
Truck 16t
Recycling
Truck 28t
Recycling
Truck 28t (volume)
Recycling
Truck 40t
Recycling
Passenger car
Recycling
Rail transport
Recycling
Tanker inland
Recycling
Tanker oceanic
Recycling
Freighter inland
Freighter oceanic
Average air transport
Continental air transport
Intercontinental air transport
Intercontinental air transport

Incineration

PE
Incineration
PP
Incineration
PS
Incineration
PVC
Incineration
Paper Incineration
Cardbo Incineration
Glass Incineration
Alumin Incineration
Ferro mIncineration
Incineration
Incineration
Incineration
Incineration

Landfill

PE
PP
PUR
PET
PS
Nylon
PVC
PVDC
Paper
Cardboard
Steel
Aluminium
Glass

Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill
Landfill

PE
PP
PET
PS
EPS foam
foam 20k
foam 10
Nylon
PVC
PVDC
Paper
Cardboar
Glass
Steel
Aluminium
of 1 m3 volume

Waste

Waste
Waste
Waste
Waste
Waste
Waste
Waste
Waste
Waste
Waste
Waste
Waste

Aluminium
of 1 m3 volume

PE
PP
PET
PS
Nylon
PVC
PVDC
Paper
Cardboard
Steel
Aluminium
Glass

Class
Ferro metals

Non-ferro metals

Metals processing

Plastics

Detail

mPts

Units
Cast iron
240 kg
Converter steel
94 kg
Electro steel
24 kg
Steel
86 kg
Steel high alloy
910 kg
Steel low alloy
110 kg
Aluminium 100% Rec.
60 kg
Aluminium 0% Rec.
780 kg
Chromium
970 kg
Copper
1400 kg
Lead
640 kg
Nickel enriched
5200 kg
Palladium enriched
5E+006 kg
Platinum
7E+006 kg
Rhodium enriched
1E+007 kg
Zinc
3200 kg
Bendingaluminium
5E-005 m
Bendingsteel
0.00008 m
BendingRVS
0.00011 m
Brazing
4000 kg
Cold roll into sheet
18 delta mm
Electrolytic Chromium plat
1100 m2
Electrolytic galvanising
130 m2
Extrusion aluminium
72 kg
Milling, turning, drilling
800 dm3
Pressing
23 kg
Spot weldingaluminium
2.7 weld
Shearing/stampingalumin 4E-005 mm2
Shearing/stampinsteel
0.00006 mm2
Shearing/stampingRVS
9E-005 mm2
Sheet production
30 kg
Band zinc coating
4300 m2
Hot galvanising
3300 m2
Zinc coating (conversion u
49 m2
ABS
400 kg
HDPE
330 kg
LDPE
360 kg
PA 6.6
630 kg
PC
510 kg
PET
380 kg
PET bottle grade
390 kg
PP
330 kg
PS (GPPS)
370 kg
PS (HIPS)
360 kg

Plastics processing

Rubbers
Paper Glass

Heat

Solar

Transport

PS (EPS)
PUR energy absorbing
PUR flexible block foam
PUR hardfoam
PUR semi rigid foam
PVC high impact
PVC (rigid)
PVC (flexible)
PVDC
Blow foil extrusion PE
Calandering PVC foil
Injection moulding 1
Injection moulding 2
Milling,turning,drilling
Pressure forming
React.Inj.Moulding-PUR
Ultrasonic welding
Vacuum-forming
EPDM rubber
Packaging carton
Paper
Glass (brown)
Glass (green)
Glass (white)
Heat coal briquette (stove)
Heat coal (industrial furnac
Heat lignite briquet
Heat gas (boiler)
Heat gas (industrial furnac
Heat oil (boiler)
Heat oil (industrial furnace)
Heat wood
Electricity facade m-Si
Electricity facade p-Si
Electricity roof m-Si
Electricity roof p-Si
Delivery van <3.5t
Truck 16t
Truck 28t
Truck 28t (volume)
Truck 40t
Passenger car W-Europe
Rail transport
Tanker inland
Tanker oceanic

360 kg
490 kg
480 kg
420 kg
480 kg
280 kg
270 kg
240 kg
440 kg
2.1 mPts
3.7 mPts
21 mPts
44 mPts
6.4 mPts
6.4 mPts
12 mPts
0.098 mPts
9.1 mPts
360 kg
69 kg
96 kg
50 kg
51 kg
58 kg
4.6 MJ
4.2 MJ
3.2 MJ
5.4 MJ
5.3 MJ
5.6 MJ
11 MJ
1.6 MJ
9.7 kWh
14 kWh
7.2 kWh
10 kWh
140 tkm
34 tkm
22 tkm
8 tkm
15 tkm
29 tkm
3.9 tkm
5 tkm
0.8 tkm

Recycling

Incineration

Landfill

Waste

Freighter inland
Freighter oceanic
Average air transport
Continental air transport
Intercontinental air transpo
Intercontinental air transpo
Recycling PE
Recycling PP
Recycling PS
Recycling PVC
Recycling Paper
Recycling Cardboard
Recycling Glass
Recycling Aluminium
Recycling Ferro metals
Incineration PE
Incineration PP
Incineration PUR
Incineration PET
Incineration PS
Incineration Nylon
Incineration PVC
Incineration PVDC
Incineration Paper
Incineration Cardboard
Incineration Steel
Incineration Aluminium
Incineration Glass
Landfill PE
Landfill PP
Landfill PET
Landfill PS
Landfill EPS foam
Landfill foam 20kg/m3
Landfill foam 100kg/m3
Landfill Nylon
Landfill PVC
Landfill PVDC
Landfill Paper
Landfill Cardboard
Landfill Glass
Landfill Steel
Landfill Aluminium
Landfill of 1 m3 volume
Waste PE

5.1 tkm
1.1 tkm
78 tkm
120 tkm
80 tkm
72 tkm
-240 kg
-210 kg
-240 kg
-170 kg
-1.2 kg
-8.3 kg
-15 kg
-720 kg
-70 kg
-19 kg
-13 kg
2.8 kg
-6.3 kg
-5.3 kg
1.1 kg
37 kg
66 kg
-12 kg
-12 kg
-32 kg
-110 kg
5.1 kg
3.9 kg
3.5 kg
3.1 kg
4.1 kg
7.4 kg
9.7 kg
4.3 kg
3.6 kg
2.8 kg
2.2 kg
4.3 kg
4.2 kg
1.4 kg
1.4 kg
1.4 kg
140 kg
-1.1 kg

Electricity

Waste PP
Waste PET
Waste PS
Waste Nylon
Waste PVC
Waste PVDC
Waste Paper
Waste Cardboard
Waste Steel
Waste Aluminium
Waste Glass
Electricity USA
Electr. MV Europe (UCPTE)
Electr. LV Europe (UCPTE)
Electricity LV Austria
Electricity LV Belgium
Electricity LV Switzerland
Electricity LV Great Britain
Electricity LV France
Electricity LV Greece
Electricity LV Italy
Electricity LV the Netherla
Electricity LV Portugal

-0.13 kg
1 kg
2 kg
3.1 kg
10 kg
16 kg
0.71 kg
0.64 kg
-5.9 kg
-23 kg
2.2 kg
22 kWh
22 kWh
26 kWh
18 kWh
22 kWh
8.4 kWh
33 kWh
8.9 kWh
61 kWh
47 kWh
37 kWh
46 kWh