CPL Course Syllabus for

Advanced Aerodynamics
CHAPTER: 1 AERODYNAMIC FORCES
1.
2.
3.
4.

Lift
Relative wind
Angle of attack
Angle of incidence

5. Lift equation
6. Controlling Lift
7.

High Lift devices

Trailing edge flaps
Plain Flaps
Cowler Flaps
Split Flaps
Slotted Flaps

8.

Leading edge Devices

Fixed Slots
Movable Slats
Leading Edge Flaps

9.

Drag
Induced Drag
Parasite Drag
Foam Drag
Skin Friction
Interference Drag
Total drag

10. High Drag devices

Spoilers
Speed Breaks
11. Wing Plan form
Elliptical Wing
Delta Wing
Rectangular Wing
Tapered Wing
12. Aspect Ratio
High Aspect Ratio
Low Aspect Ratio

13. Swept Wings

14. Ground Effect
15. Thrust
Maximum Level Flight Speed
Propeller Efficiency in Twin Engines
16. Weight And Load Factor
Definition of Load Factor
Calculating Maneuvering Speed
The V G Diagram
CHAPTER: 2 AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND CONTROL
1. Aircraft Stability
Static Stability
Dynamic Stability
Longitudinal Stability
o Tail Down Force

o
o
o
o

Lateral Stability
Dihedral
Low wing and High Wings
Sweep Back Wings
Negative Dihedral

o
o
o

Directional/Vertical
Effects of Directional Stability
Dutch Roll
Spiral Instability

2. Factor s Affecting Climb Performance

3. Absolute Ceiling
4. Service Ceiling
5.

Turns
Horizontal Component of Lift
Vertical Component of Lift
Load Factor in Turns
Radius and Rate of Turns
Co ordination In Turns

CHAPTER: 3 STALL AND SPIN AWARENESS STALLS

1. Causes of Stalls

2.

Types of Stall
Power on Stall
Power Off Stall
Accelerated Stall
Secondary Stall
Cross Controlled Stall
Elevator Trim Stall

3. Stall Recognition And Recovery

4.

a)
b)
c)

Spins
Primary Causes
Phases of a Spin
Incipient Spin
Fully Developed
Spin Recovery

5. Weight and Balance Considerations

6. Spin Recovery Procedure

Aircraft Performance Factors

CHAPTER: 1 FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE
1. Density Altitude
Density Altitude Chart
Koch Chart
2.

Surface Winds
Head wind Component
Tail Wind Component
Cross Wind Component
Demonstrated Cross Wind Component

3.
4.
5.
6.

Weight
Runway Conditions
Breaking Effectiveness
Hydroplaning

7. Performance Charts
Take off Charts
Climb Performance Charts
8. Cruise Performance Charts
Range

 Endurance
9. Descent Charts
Landing Distance Charts
Glide Distance Charts
CHAPTER: 2 TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE
1. Major Differences in Transport
Category versus Non Transport
Category Performance Requirements
2. Performance Requirements
3. Runway Requirements
Balanced Field Length
4.

Climb Requirements
First Segment
Second Segment
Third or Acceleration Segment
Forth or Final Segment
Second Segment Climb Limitations

5. Air Carrier Obstacle Clearance

Requirements
6. Summary of Takeoff Requirements
7.

Landing Performance
Planning the Landing
Landing Requirements
Approach Climb Requirements
Landing Runway Required
Summary of Landing
Requirements

Weight and Balance

CHAPTER: 1 WEIGHT AND BALANCE LIMITATIONS
1.

Maximum Weight Limits

Maximum Weight
Maximum Ramp weight
Maximum Take off Weight
Maximum Landing Weight
Maximum Zero Fuel Weight

2. Center of Gravity Limits

CG Forward Limits
CG Aft Limits
Reference Datum

3. Forward CG Effects
4. Aft CG Effects
5. Lateral CG Effects
6.

Weight and Balance Documents

Weight and Balance Reports
Empty Weight Center of Gravity Position
Basic Empty Weight/Licensed Empty Weight
Useful Load

7. Equipment Lists
8. Weight and Balance Computations
9. Moment Computation
Arm and Moment Indexes
10. Determining CG Positions
a) Computation method
b) Graph Method
c) Table Method
11.

Weight Shift/Change Computation

Compations with a negative arm
Computations with a Zero Fuel Weight
Shifting Adding Removing Weight

Flight Instruments
CHAPTER: 1 ADVANCED FLIGHT INSTRUMENT SYSTEM
1. Gyroscopic Flight Instruments
Rigidity in Space
Precision
2.

Attitude Indicator
How it works
Errors
Instrument Tumbling

3. Heading Indicator
How it Works
Errors

4.

Turn Indicator
Standard Rate of Turn
Turn Coordinator
Inclinometer

5.

a)

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Instrument Checks
Pitot Static Instruments
Airspeed Indicator
Types of Airspeeds
Indicated Airspeeds
Calibrated Airspeeds
Equivalent Airspeeds
True Airspeeds
Mac Number

6. V speeds and Color Codes

Instrument Check
7.

Altimeter
Types of Altitude
Indicated Altitude
Calibrated Altitude
Pressure Altitude
Density Altitude
True Altitude
Absolute Altitude
Altimeter Setting
Instrument Check

8.

Vertical Speed indicator

Rate Information
Trend Information
Instrument Check

9. Pitot Static System Errors

Pitot Blockage
Static Blockage
10. Magnetic Compass
Errors
Variation
Deviation
Magnetic Dip
Acceleration and Deceleration Errors
Turning Errors
Instrument Check
CHAPTER: 2 INTEGRATED DISPLACE

1.
2.

Primary Flight Display

Multi Functional Display
Terrain
Charts
Graphical weather
Traffic
Lightning Strikes
Flight Plan Page
Engine or Systems Page

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Attitude and Heading Reference System(AHRS)

MEMs Gyros
Ring Laser Gyros
Air Data Computer
Magneto Meter

8.

Malfunctions and Failures

Limited Failure
Major Failures
Black Screen and Electrical Failures

Advanced Aircrafts Systems

CHAPTER: 1 HIGH PERFORMANCE POWER PLANTS
1. High Performance Airplanes
2. Complex Airplanes
Fuel Injection System
Auxiliary fuel Pump
Manifold Pressure Gauge
Fuel Flow Indicator
3.

Operating Procedures
Starting
Normal Starts
Hot Start
Flooded Start

4.
5.

After Start Procedures

Engine Monitoring
Exhaust Gas Temperature
Best Economy Mixture
Best Power Mixture
Cylinder Head Temperature Gauge

6. Abnormal Combustion
Detonation
Pre-Ignition

7. Induction Icing
Impact Ice
Alternate Air Source
8. Turbo Charging System
Turbo Charger
Super Charger
9. Manifold Pressure Gauge
10. Service Ceiling
11. High Altitude Performance
12. Over Boost
13. Constant Speed Propellers
Propeller Principles
Blade Angle
Pitch angle
Geometric Pitch
Effective Pitch
Propeller Blade Slip
14. Propeller Governor Operations
CHAPTER: 2 RETRACTABLE LANDING GEARS
1.

Landing Gears
Tricycle Landing Gear Airplanes
Tail wheel Landing Gear Airplanes
Fixed and Retractable Landing Gear

2. Hydraulic Systems
3.
4.
5.
6.

Electrical Gear Systems

Brakes
Autopilot
Pressurized Airplanes

7.

Oxygen Systems
Masks
Diluter Demand Oxygen Systems
Pressure Demand Oxygen Systems
Continuous Flow Oxygen System
Servicing of Oxygen Systems

8.

Ice Control Systems

Airfoil Ice Control
Windscreen Ice Control
Propeller Ice Control
Other Ice Control Systems

9.

Turbine Engines
Types of Turbine Engines
Turbojet
Turboprop
Turbofan
Turboshaft
Performance Comparison
Turbine Engine Instruments
Engine Pressure Ratio
Exhaust Gas Temperature

10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

Torquemeter
N Indicator
Turbine Engine Operational
Considerations
Engine Temperature Limitations
Thrust Variations
Foreign Object Damage
Turbine Engine Hot/Hung Start
Compressor Stalls
Flameout

Flight Environment
CHAPTER: 1 AIRPORT ENVIRONMENT
1. Runway Markings
Visual Runway
Non- Precision Instrument Runway
Precision Instrument Runway
2. Taxiway Markings

Hold Lines
Standard Hold Lines
ILS Hold Lines
3. Additional Markings
Displaced Threshold
Blast Pad
Demarcation Bar
4. Land and Hold Short Operation (LAHSO)

Pilot responsibilities

5. Lighting System

Approach Light System

Sequence Flashing Lights (SFL)
Runway Alignment Indication Lights (RAIN)

Runway End Identifier Lights

6. Visual Glide Slope Indicators

Visual Approach Slope Indicators(VASI)

Pulsating Approach Slope Indicator
Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI)
Tri-Color VASI

7. Runway Lighting

Runway Edge Lights

Threshold Lights
Displaced Threshold Light
Touch Down Zone Lighting
Runway Center Line Lights
Land and Hold Short Lights
Taxiway Lead off Lights
Taxiway Center Line Lights
Taxiway Edge Lights

Pilot Control Lighting

Airport Beacon and Obstruction Lights

8. Special VFR
9. Aircraft Speed Limits
10. Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ)

CHAPTER: 2 FLIGHT INFORMATION

1. Airport Facility Directory

Aeronautical Information manual

2. Notices To Airmen

NOTAM (D)
NOTAM (L)
FDC NOTAMs

3. International Flight Information Manual

CHAPTER: 3 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM

1. Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC)

Processing the IFR Flight Plan

Enroute IFR traffic Separation
Additional ARTCC Services
Separation From other Traffic
Weather Information
Safety Alerts
Terrain Or Obstruction Alert

 Aircraft Conflict Alert

Emergency Assistance
2. Terminal Facilities

ATIS
Clearance Delivery
Control Tower
Approach and Departure Control

3. Radar Service for VFR Aircrafts

Traffic Advisories

4. Flight Service Stations (FSS)

Advanced Human Factors

CHAPTER: 1 Aeronautical Decision Making
1. Origins of ADM Training
2.

The Decision Making Process

Defining the Problem
Choosing a Course of Action
Implementing the Decision and
Evaluating the Outcome

3. Crew Resource Management (CRM)

4. Single Pilot Resource Management (SRM)
5. Communications
6. Risk Management
Assessing Risk
7.

Factors Affecting Decision Making

Pilot Self Assessment
Recognizing Hazardous Attitudes
Stress Management
Use of Resources
Internal Resources
External Resources
Workload Management
Situational Awareness
Obstacles to Maintaining Situational
Awareness

8. Operational Pitfalls

Meteorology
CHAPTER: 1 Weather Reports, Forecasts, and Charts
1. Observations
Surface Aviation Weather Observations
Upper Air Observations
Radar Observations
2. Service Outlets
FAA Flight Service Station
Transcribed Information Briefing Service (TIBS)
Direct User Access Terminal Service (DUATS)
En Route Flight Advisory Service
Hazardous In Flight Weather Advisory (HIWAS)
Transcribed Weather Broadcast (TWEB)
3. Weather Briefings
Standard Briefing
Abbreviated Briefing
Outlook Briefing
4. Aviation Weather Reports
Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR)
Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs)
Radar Weather Reports (SD)
5. Aviation Forecasts
Terminal Aerodrome Forecasts (TAF)
Area Forecasts
6. In Flight Weather Advisories
Airmans Meteorological Information (AIRMET)
Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET)
Convective Significant Meteorological Information (WST)
Winds and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FD)
7. Weather Charts
Surface Analysis Chart
Weather Depiction Chart
Radar Summary Chart
1. Significant Weather Prognostic Charts

Flight Environment
CHAPTER: 1 Emergency Procedures And EQC
1. Emergency Descent
2. Reasons For Executing An Emergency Descent
3. Emergency Approach And Landing.
4. The Best Glide Airspeed

Maximum Glide Distance

5. Emergency Checklist
6. Systems And Equipment Malfunctions

In-Flight Fire
Partial Power Loss
Door Opening In Flight
Asymmetric Flap Extension
7. Emergency Equipment And Survival Gear
8. Equipment Qualification Course - Cessna 172

Advanced Radio Navigation

CHAPTER: 1 Advanced Radio Navigation:
1. Horizontal Situation Indicator
Components
Operation / Functions
2. Radio magnetic Indicator

3.

4.

5.

6.

Components
Operation /Functions
Instrument Landing System
Basic Principles
ILS Categories
a) CAT I
b) CAT II
c) CAT III
Localizer Approach
Localizer type Directional Aid(LDA)
Simplified Directional Facility (SDF)
Area Navigation (RNAV)
Inertial Navigation System
LORAN C
Global Navigation Satellite System


7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

Global Positioning System (GPS)

Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)
Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)
Automatic Dependant Surveillance (ADS)
Flight Management System
Airborne Collision Avoidance System
Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)
TCAS I
TCAS II
TCAS III
Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS)
Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)

Commercial Civil Air Regulations

CHAPTER: 1

Pilot Certification and Operating Flight Rules

Part -- 61 Pilot Certification

Requirement to carry pilot certificate and medical certificate
Certificates and ratings
Duration of Pilot and flight instructor Certificates
Duration of medical certificates
General limitations
High performance and complex airplanes
Pilot logbooks
Flight Review
Recent Flight Experience : Pilot in command
Change of address
CPL Privileges and Limitations
Part -- 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Responsibility and Authority of the Pilot in Command
Aircraft Airworthiness
Flight Manual, Marking and Placard requirements
Dropping Objects
Alcohol and Drugs
Preflight Action
Flight Crew Members at Station
Use of Safety Belts, Shoulder Harness and Child Restraint Systems
Operating Near Other Aircraft
Right Of Way
Aircraft Speed
Minimum Safe Altitudes
Altimeter Settings
Compliance with ATC Clearances and Instructions
VFR Cruise Altitude or Flight Level

Civil Aircraft: Certifications Required

Emergency Locator Transmitters
Aircraft Lights
Supplemental Oxygen
ATC Transponder and Altitude reporting equipment and use
Aerobatic Flight
Parachutes and Parachuting
Restricted Category Civil Aircraft: Operating Limitations
Aircraft having Experimental Certificates: Operating Limitations
Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance and Alterations
Maintenance Required
Maintenance Records
Rebuilt Engine Maintenance Records
ATC Transponder Tests and Inspections

National Transportation Safety Board

Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents or Incidents