We define globalisation as a process that widens the extent and form of cross-border transactions among

peoples, assets, goods and services and that deepens the economic interdependence between and among
globalising entities, which may be private or public institutions or governments. This process is driven by
economical (adoption of the system of free-market economy and economic liberalisation, both within and
between countries) technological (advances in information and communications technology) and political
(the demise of communism and a movement towards democracy in former communist countries)
developments.
Our global connectivity continues to increasea fact evident through expanded travel opportunities;
international collaborations (and sometimes conflicts) around social, economic, academic and regulatory
issues; and the ever-broadening reach of communications media. Without a doubt, such connectivity affords
us a multitude of benefits as regions exchange knowledge, gain new technologies and become exposed to
varied cultures. But what does it mean for local wildlife?
On one hand, there can be negative impacts on wildlife populations in response to our worldly travels and
continued development across the continents. Migratory routes for resident fish species, for example, are
disrupted along major rivers as dams are created for hydroelectric power production and increased
trade. Colorado River dams in the United States have also contributed to reductions in water flows in the
lower basin, leading to a shrinking freshwater estuary in the Gulf of California.
Disruption of migrations and habitat degradation is a concern for wildlife even in national park areas meant
to protect and conserve. Increased pressure is placed on infrastructure, inhabiting wildlife and surrounding
ecosystems as growing numbers of global tourists visit parks like the Maasai Mara Game Reserve in
Kenya to experience massive herds of ungulates and large predators unique to the region. Another sad
commentary on the impact of globalization for wildlife is the trafficking of rare and endangered species for
traditional medicines, collectible materials (e.g., skins and ivory) and the illegal pet trade.
Despite these potential drawbacks, however, I would argue that local wildlife can greatly benefit from
globalization as well.
Peoples passion for far-reaching exploration has led to discoveries of unique, previously unknown species,
such as the worlds smallest vertebratea frog smaller than a dimefound in Papau New Guinea this past
year. Likewise, children learn daily about the fantastic feeding habits of piranhas in the Paran River and the
plight of polar bears in the Arctic through YouTube and Animal Planet.
This instant access to environments around the world is creating generations of potential stewards with a
growing conservation ethic and a sense of the critical interconnections between wildlife and healthy
communities. And through international programs like the Great Rivers Partnership, best management
practices are shared among environmental groups, universities and government agencies worldwide to
benefit wildlife in similar ecosystems.
If we continue to harness our collective global efforts for the benefit of wildlife, we will far outweigh any
potential negative impacts that globalization may present.